EP0029044A1 - A method of carrying out slip form casting of concrete structures under water and apparatus for carrying out the method. - Google Patents
A method of carrying out slip form casting of concrete structures under water and apparatus for carrying out the method.Info
- Publication number
- EP0029044A1 EP0029044A1 EP80900972A EP80900972A EP0029044A1 EP 0029044 A1 EP0029044 A1 EP 0029044A1 EP 80900972 A EP80900972 A EP 80900972A EP 80900972 A EP80900972 A EP 80900972A EP 0029044 A1 EP0029044 A1 EP 0029044A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- slip form
- concrete
- accordance
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/06—Placing concrete under water
Definitions
- a method for performing -underwater casting of concrete structures and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
- the present invention relates generally to a method for performing underwater casting of concrete, more particularly to - a method enabling utilization of slip forms for such concrete casting works, and the invention relates further to various apparatus for carrying out the method.
- Underwater casting of concrete structures such as foundations for peers, bridges, etc. are with conventional technique carried out with stationary shuttering which is fixed to the sea bottom or to a ready-made portion of the structure. Initially is usually cast-a foundation bed on the sea bottom, subsequent to a suitable levelling thereof, whereafter the shuttering is mounted onto the foundation bed. In this fashion is carried out underwater casting of solid foundations such as columns and the like, with a shuttering which is exposed to external concrete pressure only, as well as wall structures and the like, whereby the shuttering must be formed"for sustaining bilateral concrete pressures. Required reinforcements of the concrete structures must usually take place, at least partly, by the help of diving operators.
- poured concrete is usually brought down to the working location by means of so-called casting tubes conveying the poured concrete from a suitable source in position above water down into the shuttering.
- the reinforcment works fall costly and cumbersome because the reinforcing elements, such as steel rods or mats, must be positioned downwards between cross-bracing elements which are interconnecting the shuttering elements.
- it is difficult to avoid that the reinforcing elements subsequent to positioning are displaced, for instance onto the shuttering boards, having into effect that the reinforcing elements are subsequently exposed to the seawater with heavy corrosion thereof in result. It would therefore be of great importance if a better and more dependable method for reinforcing of such underwater concrete works could be developed.
- the principal object of the present invention is to provide a more effective method for carrying out casting of concrete structures below water.
- a further object for the invention is to provide better means and apparatus for carrying out various types of under ⁇ water concrete works.
- a particular object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus which can make it easier and with less danger for the workers to carry out reinforcing of under ⁇ water concrete works.
- the slip forming equipment is usually moved as a unit which is supported and raised on so-called climbing steel elements which are located and in some cases embedded in the concrete structure.
- the climbing steels may consist of reinforcement steel rods or rods which are embedded in the concrete, or alternatively rods which are positioned loosely in a piping which are embedded in the concrete.
- the reinforcing of concrete structures in connection with slip forming may fall comparatively cumbersome, particularly if the work concerns slip forms with bilateral concrete pressure, that is concrete walls or the like, since then one will have a number of cross- bracers above the casting between the slip form walls on either side. ' These cross-bracers interconnect and position the slip form boards, simultansously as they serve as supporting elements for jack-up means which stand in engagemen with the steel elements positioned in the concrete work.
- the reinforcing must then under the concrete pouring be positioned one after the other down into the concrete as poured between and below the superimposed cross-bracers. Vertically extendin reinforcing falls comparatively simple while horizontally extending reinforcments and the positioning of mats may be difficult and interconnection of the reinforcement elements must frequently be carried out in situ.
- the method in accordance with the present invention is similarly based on the use of slip forming equipment, and the method is generally characterized in that the slip forms during the casting operation is supported and hoisted upwards by means of suspension cables or hangers, such as rods or cables which are connected to hoisting means mounted on a stable and stationary supporting structure positioned above the water surface, simultaneously as poured concrete in known fashion is supplied to the casting side through casting tubes or the like in suitable quantities and more or less continuously in correspondence with the rising of the slip forming unit.
- the slip forming unit is in the preferred embodiment ' provided as a unit which is supported by an overhanging rigid horizontally extending structure which again is suspended in at least three vertical hangers or stays which each are connected to a separate power jack or the like.
- the slip form unit will be, at any time, subject to full control, • because in lateral direction the slip forming unit will be kept immovable by means of the below positioned ardent concrete still in contact with the slip form and vertically, the slip form uni may not only be raised, but may be guided and directionally controlled by carrying out individual adjustment by one or more of the hangers by means of the raising jacks.
- the supporting construction in a position above the sea surface for supporting the slip form equipment may be of various type depending upon the kind of work involved, the sea depth, etc.
- the supporting construction may thus consist of a working platform of the jack-up type with legs, a cantilevered structure mounted onto an existing foundation, or possibly also to a floating vessel, then preferably a vessel of semi-submersible type.
- Figures 1 and 2 are a schematic plan view and elevation view, respectively, showing a construction for carrying out the method, and Figure 2 is showing the construction with the equipment in position for initiating the casting work.
- Figures 2a to 2e are simplified detail views illustrating the various steps in the prosedure to carry out the casting work.
- Figures 3a to 3c are detail views which likewise Figures 2a to 2e illustrate a method for protecting freshly poured concrete against erosion.
- Figures 4 and 5 show a schematic plan.view and elevational view, respectively, of a slip form equipment in accordance with the invention which shuttering is made for bilateral concrete pressure.
- Figure 6 is an elevational view of another embodiment of the supporting construction including a cantilevered support from an existing foundation.
- the casting scaffolding or frame comprises a horizontal support or platform with a frame 2, in the shown embodiment comprising two side by side parallelly extending hollow beams 4,6, made as buoyancy elements. These beams are mutually connected with transverse hollow beams 8,10.
- This platform structure is provided with four jackable supporting legs 12, 14,16,18 ⁇ enabling same to be moved vertically down for support on the sea bottom for subsequent lifting of the platform structure to a position above the water surface straight above the working site.
- the equipment for supporting and raising the slip form unit which in the shown embodiment consists of a square slip form frame 19 for singular or one-sided, internal concrete pressure (solid column) and which on the inside is furnished with the slip form boards 25, which are positioned with a downward outward slip to facilitate the raising of the form work and prevent injury of the concrete surface.
- the slip form unit is suspended on a rigid truss frame 22 which in the shown embodiment consists of two couples of mutually crossing steel beam sections 23a and 23b, respectively.
- a rigid truss frame 22 which in the shown embodiment consists of two couples of mutually crossing steel beam sections 23a and 23b, respectively.
- the entire slip form unit is at anchoring points 24 suspended in the number of vertical stays, in the shown embodiment comprising four pipe strings 27a-d, each
- OMPI preferably consisting of interthreaded sections.
- these suspension stays are firmly engaged by so-called climbing jacks 30a-d (hydraulic/pneumati ⁇ /electrical) which are operationally connected to a not shown control system, such that the stays can be raised at equal rate of speed or/and different speed in order to allow for individual adjustment in one or more of the stay suspension.
- a complete castin gear 36 On the platform 2 is further installed a complete castin gear 36.
- This gear comprises a crane boom 38 with a travelli winch crane 40 to carry a concrete • contained 42 for delivery of ready-made poured concrete to a number of hoppers 44a, ,c, d,e,f, which are suspended in trolleys 45 from a transverse beam 47.
- Each of thehoppers carries a downwardly pointing so-called casting tube or hose 46a-f, respectively, which lead directly down to the casting site in the slip form unit
- the above described aggregate or plant composes the main elements " in an embodiment for an apparatus in order to carry out the method in accordance with the invention.
- the technic equipment involved can thus be in per se conventional and should not be necessary to describe in detail.
- on the working platform 2 can be arranged a mixing plant for making ready-made poured concrete.
- the casting tubes or hoses 46a-f are suitably supplied in detachable sections in order to adjust the length of these tubes to the need at any stage of the casting operation.
- FIG. 2 is illustrating the entire aggregate in working position in order to initiate the casting job utilizing the method in accordance with the invention.
- the platform etc. is in advance floated out to the working site.
- the slip form equipment 20 is raised up to a position between the hollow beams 8 and 10.
- the casting tubes 46 are obviously raised up.
- the jack-up legs 12,14,16,18 are by means of the jack system moved down to resting locations 31,31 on the sea botto circumferentially around the casting site, and the platform 2 has been raised up to the above water position as shown.
- the sea bottom on the casting site is usually prepared, for instance
- OMPI levelled, and if necessary, a special bottom foundation of concrete is made, in such case preferably including a number of free-standing upwardly pointing reinforcing steel rods, firmly embedded into the bottom concrete foundation.
- the slip form boards 25 are initially resting on the sea bottom or onto the foundation 50 and may be firmly positioned utili ⁇ zing the upstanding reinforcing rods 52. This initial position is shown in Figure 2 (and 3a) .
- the casting tubes are being filled with poured concrete from the hoppers on the platform deck 2. The poured concrete will, due to its gravity, fill out the tubing and initially flow out of the bottom openings of the tubes and will thereby soon fill up the surrounding slip form space until the pressure around the tubing openings equalizes the present static pressure in the tubings, cf. Figure 2b.
- the casting tubes may, if desired, in the bottom section be provided with remotely controlled check valves 33, among other things to prevent incidental, uncontrolled flow- out of poured concrete.
- Figure 3c illustrating a second stage during the casting procedure.
- the casting tubing 46 has been lifted up to a certain level corresponding approximately to half of the height of the form boards 25.
- the poured concrete in the casting tubing will in this position anew flow out until the described auto ⁇ matic or internal locking takes place due to the pressure equalization.
- Reinforcing of the casting preferably takes place at intervals or rests in the supply of concrete.
- a supply of reinforcing rods or the like can be placed in a rack
- O PI 53 mounted on the supporting beams 23, and these may also serve as working platform for divers during the work for positioning reinforcement 54 in the ' concrete as poured.
- the concrete as poured has solidified or hardened to a sufficient degree one can initiate the raising of the slip unit via the suspension stays by means of the jacks 30 posi ⁇ tioned on the platform 2.
- skirt means may be used boards made of wood or steel and they consist preferably of flexible material such as plastic sheeting or the like and the skirts are positioned as downwardly pointing extensions of the form plate boards.
- the required height of such skirt means will depend upon several factors, such as the hardening speed of the concrete, the flow conditions in the water, etc.
- Figures 3a-c is illustrated an embodiment for a such skirt means 55 wherein is used flexible curtains of plastic sheeting provided in the shape of one or more rolls 56.
- the Figures 4 and 5 show a plan view and an elevation, respectively, illustrating schematically a slip form unit for carrying out bilateral concrete casting.
- the slip form comprises an internal and an external support structure 60,62 to which is attached the slip form boards in the same fashion as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- the slip form unit is here suspended on two horizontal support beams 64 and 66, and which are suitably further suspended in four vertical stays 68 in anchoring points 70. Also in this embodiment it will likewise be suitable to utilize a protection skirt or curtain (not shown) on the outside of the casting, but not on the inside.
- a suitable number of casting tubes 72,72, etc. are directed down between the slip form walls.
- FIG. 6 is showing an elevational view of an Var set-up for carrying out the ' metho ' d, wherein the slip form uni and the lifting jacks 82 which otherwise can be similar to the equipment shown in Figures 1 and 2, are supported on a cantilever support 84 with a support foundation 86 which is anchored to an existing rigid foundation structure 88.
- the casting method otherwise will be identical to the one already described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO791798A NO144361C (en) | 1979-05-30 | 1979-05-30 | PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR EXECUTION OF SLIDE CASTING OF CONCRETE UNDER WATER |
NO791798 | 1979-05-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0029044A1 true EP0029044A1 (en) | 1981-05-27 |
EP0029044B1 EP0029044B1 (en) | 1982-10-27 |
Family
ID=19884886
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80900972A Expired EP0029044B1 (en) | 1979-05-30 | 1980-12-15 | A method of carrying out slip form casting of concrete structures under water and apparatus for carrying out the method |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0029044B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE1719T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3060996D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK39481A (en) |
NO (1) | NO144361C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1980002708A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8328404D0 (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1983-11-23 | Dixon R K | Concrete construction |
FI94156C (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-07-25 | Porvoon Vesirakennus Oy | A coating method utilized in a liquid medium and an apparatus for performing a coating in a liquid medium |
SE516262C2 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-12-10 | Oyster Int Nv | Methods for making nuclear fuel storage containers and plant for carrying out the method |
CN113152505A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-07-23 | 中交第二公路工程局有限公司 | Construction method of underwater super-large scale bearing platform combined casing box enclosure structure with partial bottom sealing |
CN114000525B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-08-22 | 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 | Construction method of underwater tie beam |
CN117780276B (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-05-24 | 山西一建集团有限公司 | Building pile foundation construction treatment device and operation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE33675C1 (en) * | 1912-10-16 | |||
DE864146C (en) * | 1950-11-14 | 1953-01-22 | Bergwerks Und Huettenbau Ges M | Process for the production of piled walls |
FR1097630A (en) * | 1953-12-14 | 1955-07-07 | Entpr Fougerolle Pour Travaux | Method and device for placing concrete under water |
DK84819C (en) * | 1953-12-14 | 1958-05-05 | Entpr Fougerolle Pour Travaux | Method and plant for pouring concrete under water. |
SE319892B (en) * | 1968-06-17 | 1970-01-26 | N Larsson | |
GB1315210A (en) * | 1970-05-12 | 1973-05-02 | Simpson J | Casting concrete underwater |
SE351885B (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1972-12-11 | Interform Broedrene Pedersen A |
-
1979
- 1979-05-30 NO NO791798A patent/NO144361C/en unknown
-
1980
- 1980-05-30 DE DE8080900972T patent/DE3060996D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-30 AT AT80900972T patent/ATE1719T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-05-30 WO PCT/NO1980/000018 patent/WO1980002708A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1980-12-15 EP EP80900972A patent/EP0029044B1/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-01-29 DK DK39481A patent/DK39481A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8002708A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO144361C (en) | 1981-08-12 |
EP0029044B1 (en) | 1982-10-27 |
DE3060996D1 (en) | 1982-12-02 |
NO791798L (en) | 1980-12-02 |
WO1980002708A1 (en) | 1980-12-11 |
ATE1719T1 (en) | 1982-11-15 |
DK39481A (en) | 1981-01-29 |
NO144361B (en) | 1981-05-04 |
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