CN111980047B

CN111980047B - Slip form construction process of caisson

Info

Publication number: CN111980047B
Application number: CN202010732606.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨佳岩
Original assignee: China Harbour Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Harbour Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-27
Filing date: 2020-07-27
Publication date: 2021-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-27
Also published as: CN111980047A

Abstract

The invention discloses a slip form construction process of a caisson, which comprises the following steps: assembling a slip form system on a semi-submersible barge deck, hanging the slip form system on a top truss of the semi-submersible barge, and lifting the top truss of the semi-submersible barge to suspend the slip form system above the semi-submersible barge deck; assembling a caisson bottom mold template on the semi-submersible barge deck, laying a plastic film, laying a protective layer cushion block on the plastic film, and binding a caisson bottom plate reinforcing steel bar; thirdly, pouring concrete in the caisson bottom die template; after concrete of the bottom plate of the caisson is solidified, lowering the top truss of the semi-submersible barge to enable the slip form system to be located on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the caisson, installing a jack and a jacking rod of the jack on a lifting frame of the slip form system, and unfastening the slip form system from the top truss of the semi-submersible barge; pouring concrete in the slip form template, and sliding and lifting the slip form system; and step six, finishing the integral pouring of the caisson. The invention has the advantages of high construction efficiency, small field influence and good safety.

Description

Slip form construction process of caisson

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of port construction. More particularly, the invention relates to a slip-form construction process of a caisson.

Background

The caisson is a prefabricated box-shaped concrete member for a deep foundation of a port and a pier, when the pier is constructed, after the pier foundation is excavated through a foundation trench, riprap is thrown for replacement and filling, and is tamped and leveled, gravels are poured into the caisson to enable the caisson to sink underwater by gravity, the caisson is arranged on the pier foundation, a top plate is poured on the top of the caisson, rock blocks are filled, a breast wall is built, and finally members such as a dolphin and the like are installed on the part above the water surface of the pier.

The existing caisson prefabrication construction method comprises a land area layered pouring process and an integral one-time pouring process, but the two construction processes have different problems, for example, the land area layered pouring process needs to prefabricate a plurality of sets of templates, the cost is high, each layer of box body after pouring needs to be lifted and assembled to form a complete caisson, the process is complicated, and meanwhile, a connecting layer between an upper layer of box body and a lower layer of box body is easy to become a weak point and is corroded; and when the integral one-step pouring process of the land area is used for construction close to the top of the caisson, the construction height is high, high-altitude steel bar binding is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and the safety is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.

The invention also aims to provide the slip-form construction process of the caisson, which has high construction efficiency, small field influence and good safety.

To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a slip-form construction process of a caisson, including:

the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a slip form system is assembled on a semi-submersible barge deck, the slip form system comprises a slip form template, a slip form surrounding ring and a lifting frame, after the slip form system is assembled, the slip form system is hung on a top truss of the semi-submersible barge, and the top truss of the semi-submersible barge is lifted to enable the slip form system to be hung above the semi-submersible barge deck;

assembling a caisson bottom die template on the semi-submersible barge deck and locking the caisson bottom die template, paving a plastic film on the semi-submersible barge deck in the caisson bottom die template, paving a protective layer cushion block on the plastic film, binding the reinforcing steel bars of the caisson bottom plate, and binding the vertical reinforcing steel bars and the transverse reinforcing steel bars of the first layer of caisson wall body on the caisson bottom plate, wherein the lower ends of the vertical reinforcing steel bars of the first layer of caisson wall body on the caisson bottom plate extend into the caisson bottom die template;

pouring concrete in a caisson bottom die template to construct a caisson bottom plate;

after concrete of the bottom plate of the caisson is solidified, lowering the top truss of the semi-submersible barge to enable the slip form system to be located on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the caisson, installing a jack and a jacking rod of the jack on a lifting frame of the slip form system, and unfastening the slip form system from the top truss of the semi-submersible barge;

fifthly, pouring concrete in the slip form template, wherein 1-3 hours after the first concrete is poured every day, a jack starts to lift the slip form template, 30-40 minutes after the concrete is poured for other times in the same day, the jack is lifted once, the lifting height is 15-30 cm each time, and a seam treatment material is coated on the surface of the concrete poured into the slip form template in the previous day before the concrete is poured every day;

step six, after the first layer of caisson wall body is poured, binding second layer of caisson wall body reinforcing steel bars above the first layer of caisson wall body, continuously pouring the second layer of caisson wall body according to the method in the step five, and repeating the construction method of the second layer of caisson wall body until the caisson is integrally poured;

and step seven, after the caisson is integrally poured, driving ballast concrete into each bin of the caisson, taking out a jacking rod of a jack, hanging the slip form system on a top truss of the semi-submersible barge again, moving the semi-submersible barge to a submerging area, dragging the caisson out of the semi-submersible barge by adopting a tugboat after the semi-submersible barge is submerged and floated, and dragging the caisson to a specified storage position by using the tugboat.

Preferably, a circle of slide rail is arranged on the periphery of the slip form template, two hanging baskets are connected to the slide rail in a sliding mode, and when the caisson wall body on the upper layer is poured, the caisson wall body on the lower layer is repaired.

Preferably, when the bottom plate concrete of the caisson is poured, the pump pipe of the pump truck is directly used for pouring from the top of the bottom plate template of the caisson.

Preferably, a concrete distribution system is arranged on the top truss of the semi-submersible barge, and when concrete of the caisson wall body is poured, the concrete is pumped to the concrete distribution system through a pump truck and then conveyed to a discharge port needing to be distributed by a belt conveyor of the concrete distribution system for pouring.

Preferably, the top end of the slip form is connected with a first plate body inclined towards a concrete pouring area far away from the caisson wall body, the upper end of the first plate body is connected with a vertical second plate body, a pipeline surrounding the caisson wall body is arranged on the second plate body facing the concrete pouring area of the caisson wall body, the diameter of the pipeline is slightly smaller than the distance between the second plate body and the slip form in the horizontal direction, the lowest part of the pipe wall of the pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles at even intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline, the top end of the second plate body is connected with a folded plate with a vertical section shape of 7 characters so as to cover the pipeline, the vertical part of the folded plate and the slip form are on the same vertical surface, the lower end of the vertical part of the folded plate is close to the top end of the slip form, and the second plate body is provided with a plurality of through holes at even intervals at equal height with the pipeline, and a concrete release agent pipe is arranged in each through hole in a penetrating manner and is communicated with the pipeline.

Preferably, before the concrete is poured for the first time every day, the concrete release agent is poured into the pipeline by using the concrete release agent pipe, the concrete release agent is sprayed out through the nozzle so that the concrete release agent flows downwards along the inner wall of the slip form, the concrete release agent is sprayed once every 3-5 times of jacking of the slip form in the same day, and the spraying time for each time is 5-10 min.

The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: in the construction process, the slip-form template can raise the slip-form template while pouring concrete by means of jacking of the jack, and finally achieves the effect that the whole caisson can be poured only by assembling the slip-form template once.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a construction schematic diagram of a first step of a slip-form construction process of a caisson according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a construction schematic diagram of the slip-form construction process of the caisson according to one embodiment of the invention going to step four;

fig. 3 is a construction schematic diagram of the slip-form construction process of the caisson according to the embodiment of the invention, which proceeds to step six;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a sliding form system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic side view of the slipform, the first plate body, the second plate body and other members according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a slip form construction process for a caisson, including:

firstly, a slip form system is assembled on a deck of a semi-submersible barge 1, the slip form system comprises a slip form template 2, a slip form enclosure and a lifting frame 4, the slip form template 2 is arranged according to the cross section shape of a caisson, the slip form template 2 comprises a caisson external wall template 201 and a caisson compartment template 202, the enclosure comprises a caisson external wall enclosure 3 and a caisson compartment enclosure, the lifting frame 4 is door-shaped, two vertical rods of the lifting frame 4 are respectively connected with the caisson external wall enclosure 3 and the caisson compartment enclosure, during construction, a circle of deck plates 5 are laid on the periphery of the caisson external wall template 201, the deck plates 5 are laid on a plurality of triangular supports welded on the outer wall of the caisson external wall template 201, and meanwhile, a deck plate 5 is laid on the top of the caisson compartment template 202 in a compartment area enclosed by the caisson compartment template 202, so that construction personnel can move conveniently. After the assembly of the slip form system is completed, suspending the slip form system on a top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1, wherein a lifting lug is arranged on a lifting frame 4, the top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1 and the lifting frame 4 are connected through a pull rod to suspend the slip form system, and the top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1 is lifted to suspend the slip form system above a deck of the semi-submersible barge 1;

assembling a caisson bottom die plate template 6 on a semi-submersible barge 1 deck and locking, laying a plastic film on the semi-submersible barge 1 deck in the caisson bottom die template 6 so as to separate a rear caisson from the semi-submersible barge 1, then laying a protective layer cushion block on the plastic film, binding a caisson bottom plate reinforcing steel bar, binding a vertical reinforcing steel bar and a transverse reinforcing steel bar of a first layer of caisson wall body on the caisson bottom plate, wherein the lower end of the vertical reinforcing steel bar of the first layer of caisson wall body on the caisson bottom plate extends into the caisson bottom die template 6;

thirdly, pouring concrete in the caisson bottom die template 6 to construct a caisson bottom plate;

after concrete of the bottom plate of the caisson is solidified, lowering the top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1 to enable the slip form system to be located on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the caisson, installing a jack 7 on a lifting frame 4 of the slip form system, installing a jacking rod 8 of the jack 7, and unfastening the slip form system from the top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1;

fifthly, pouring concrete in the slip form template 2, wherein the jack 7 starts to lift the slip form template 2 after 1-3 hours of the first concrete pouring every day, the concrete is poured for other times in the same day and then is 30-40 min, the jack 7 lifts once, the lifting height is 15-30 cm each time, a seam processing material is coated on the surface of the concrete poured into the slip form template 2 in the previous day before the concrete is poured every day, and the jack 7 needs to be started simultaneously when the slip form template 2 is lifted, so that strain deformation caused by inclination of the slip form template 2 or asynchronous movement of each part is avoided;

step six, after the first layer of caisson wall body is poured, binding second layer of caisson wall body reinforcing steel bars above the first layer of caisson wall body, and continuously pouring the second layer of caisson wall body according to the method in the step five, thus binding the reinforcing steel bars while pouring concrete, along with the continuous climbing of the slip form system, the size and the weight of the caisson become larger and larger, slowly submerging the semi-submerged barge 1 into the sea, and repeating the construction method of the second layer of caisson wall body until the integral pouring of the caisson is completed;

and seventhly, after the caisson is integrally poured, driving ballast concrete into each bin of the caisson, taking out a jacking rod 8 of a jack 7, hanging the slip form system on a top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1 again, moving the semi-submersible barge 1 to a submerging area, dragging the caisson out of the semi-submersible barge 1 by adopting a dragging wheel after the submerging semi-submersible barge 1 is determined to float, and dragging the caisson to a specified storage position by using the dragging wheel.

Above-mentioned embodiment is in the work progress, the slip form 2 leans on the jacking effect of jack 7, can rise slip form 2 while pouring concrete, finally reach and only need assemble the effect that slip form 2 can pour and accomplish whole caisson once, to promoting the work efficiency, practice thrift the cost all has fine effect, cooperate the semi-submerged barge 1 construction simultaneously, not only can accomplish to pour and rise slip form 2 while, still can accomplish to pour while sinking, fine solution the problem of place restriction, and because semi-submerged barge 1 sinks and causes slip form 2 can not be too high all the time, ligature caisson wall body reinforcing bar is more safe on slip form 2.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a circle of slide rails 9 is arranged on the periphery of the slip form 2, two hanging baskets 10 are slidably connected to the slide rails 9, and when the caisson wall of the upper floor is poured, the caisson wall of the lower floor is repaired, so that not only can the abrasion or the small-range pulling damage of the caisson outer wall caused by the slip form be repaired, but also the caisson outer wall can be manually coated with coatings such as waterproof agents, preservatives and the like to avoid the caisson from being corroded as much as possible.

In another embodiment, when the caisson bottom plate concrete is poured, the pump pipe of the pump truck is directly poured from the top of the caisson bottom mold plate 6, and meanwhile, a vibrating machine can be used for assisting in vibrating the caisson bottom plate concrete, so that the caisson bottom plate concrete is guaranteed to be dense.

In another embodiment, the top truss 101 of the semi-submersible barge 1 is provided with a concrete distribution system, wherein the concrete distribution system comprises a top feeding port, a distributing port and four belt distributors (only three belts are used according to the size of the caisson in the project), each belt conveyor has two discharging ports and is positioned at two ends of each belt, when the concrete of the caisson wall body is poured, the concrete is pumped to the concrete distribution system through a pump truck and then is conveyed to the discharging port needing to be distributed by a belt conveyor of the concrete distribution system for pouring, because the concrete of the caisson wall body is poured in the slip form 2, and the space in the slip form 2 is narrow, the compactness of the concrete is difficult to ensure in one large pouring, a plurality of discharging ports are adopted for pouring simultaneously at different positions in the slip form 2, so that the time difference of initial setting of the concrete in each area of the caisson wall body can be reduced, the structural strength of each area of the caisson wall body is basically consistent.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a first plate body 11 inclined in the direction of a concrete pouring area away from a caisson wall body is connected to the top end of the slip form 2 (which may be a caisson external wall form 201 or a caisson compartment form 202), a vertical second plate body 12 is connected to the upper end of the first plate body 11, a pipe 13 surrounding the caisson wall body is arranged on the plate surface of the second plate body 12 facing the concrete pouring area of the caisson wall body, the diameter of the pipe 13 is slightly smaller than the horizontal distance between the second plate body 12 and the slip form 2, a plurality of nozzles 14 are uniformly arranged at the lowest position of the pipe wall of the pipe 13 along the axial direction of the pipe 13, a folded plate 15 with a 7-shaped vertical section is connected to the top end of the second plate body 12 to cover the pipe 13, the vertical part of the folded plate 15 is on the same vertical surface with the slip form 2, and the lower end of the vertical part of the folded plate 15 is close to the top end of the slip form 2, a plurality of through holes are formed in the second plate body 12 at equal intervals at the same height as the pipeline 13, a concrete mold release agent pipe 16 penetrates through each through hole, and the concrete mold release agent pipe 16 is communicated with the pipeline 13.

In the existing caisson construction process, because the space of a concrete pouring area is narrow in the slip form formwork 2 of the caisson wall body, and the area is filled with the reinforcing steel bars of the caisson wall body, therefore, the painting roller is difficult to extend into the slip-form formwork 2 to paint the concrete release agent on the inner wall, an experienced worker is generally required to estimate the solidification degree of the concrete to determine whether the slip-form system can be lifted, however, because the pouring process still takes a period of time, therefore, even if a plurality of discharge ports are distributed at the same time, the concrete poured initially and the concrete poured finally are still different in solidification degree in each pouring process, when the slip form system is jacked, if the concrete of the caisson wall body is not solidified enough, the problem of concrete collapse can occur, if the concrete of the caisson wall body is too solidified, the caisson wall body is easy to adhere to the slip form template 2, and the caisson wall body can be pulled out to be damaged when the template is lifted in a sliding mode.

When the concrete slip form system is used, before concrete pouring, the concrete release agent is poured into the pipeline 13 through the concrete release agent pipe 16, and the concrete release agent naturally flows and drips to the inner wall of the slip form template 2 through the first plate body 11 and the folded plate 15, so that the slip form system can be jacked by taking the initial setting time of the finally poured concrete as the reference when concrete is poured at each time, the condition that the initially poured concrete is excessively solidified and is adhered to the slip form template 2 is avoided, direct damage to the caisson wall during pouring is reduced, and the workload of workers for repairing the caisson wall is reduced.

In another embodiment, before the first concrete pouring every day, the concrete mold release agent is poured into the pipeline 13 by using the concrete mold release agent pipe 16, the concrete mold release agent is sprayed out through the spray nozzle 14 so that the concrete mold release agent flows downwards along the inner wall of the slip-form formwork 2, the concrete mold release agent is sprayed once every 3-5 times of jacking of the slip-form formwork 2 in the same day, the time for spraying is 5-10 min, so that the mold release agent can just cover the inner wall of the slip-form formwork 2, if the spraying time is prolonged, the quality of the concrete is easily affected by too much mold release agent, and if the spraying time is shortened, the mold release agent cannot cover the inner wall of the slip-form formwork 2, especially the lower part of the inner wall of the slip-form formwork 2.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slip form construction process of a caisson is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step seven, after the caisson is integrally poured, driving ballast concrete into each bin of the caisson, taking out a jacking rod of a jack, hanging the slip form system on a top truss of the semi-submersible barge again, moving the semi-submersible barge to a submerging area, towing the caisson out of the semi-submersible barge by using a towing wheel after the caisson is determined to float, and towing the caisson to a specified storage position by using the towing wheel;

wherein the top end of the slip form template is connected with a first plate body which inclines towards the direction of a concrete pouring area far away from the caisson wall body, the upper end of the first plate body is connected with a vertical second plate body, a pipeline surrounding the caisson wall body is arranged on the surface of the second plate body facing the concrete pouring area of the caisson wall body, the diameter of the pipeline is slightly smaller than the distance between the second plate body and the slip form template in the horizontal direction, the lowest part of the pipe wall of the pipeline is provided with a plurality of nozzles at uniform intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline, the top end of the second plate body is connected with a folded plate with a vertical section shape of 7-shaped so as to cover the pipeline, the vertical part of the folded plate and the slip form template are on the same vertical surface, the lower end of the vertical part of the folded plate is close to the top end of the slip form template, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the second plate body at uniform intervals with the equal height of the pipeline, and a concrete release agent pipe is arranged in each through hole in a penetrating manner and is communicated with the pipeline.

2. The slip-form construction process of caisson of claim 1, wherein a circle of slide rails are arranged on the periphery of the slip-form formwork, two hanging baskets are slidably connected on the slide rails, and when the caisson wall body of the upper layer is poured, the caisson wall body of the lower layer is repaired.

3. The slip-form construction process of caisson of claim 1, wherein when caisson floor slab concrete is poured, the pump pipe of the pump truck is used directly to pour from the top of caisson floor slab formwork.

4. The slip-form construction process of the caisson of claim 1, wherein a concrete distribution system is arranged on the top truss of the semi-submersible barge, and when concrete of the caisson wall body is poured, the concrete is pumped to the concrete distribution system through a pump truck and then conveyed to a discharge port needing distribution by a belt conveyor of the concrete distribution system for pouring.

5. The slipform construction process of a caisson of claim 1, wherein before the first concrete pouring of each day, the concrete release agent is poured into the pipeline by using the concrete release agent pipe, and the concrete release agent is sprayed out through the nozzle so that the concrete release agent flows down along the inner wall of the slipform, and the concrete release agent is sprayed once every 3-5 times of jacking of the slipform in the same day, wherein the time for spraying each time is 5-10 min.