EP0026871A1 - Kern für elektromagnetische Induktionsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Kern für elektromagnetische Induktionsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0026871A1
EP0026871A1 EP80105694A EP80105694A EP0026871A1 EP 0026871 A1 EP0026871 A1 EP 0026871A1 EP 80105694 A EP80105694 A EP 80105694A EP 80105694 A EP80105694 A EP 80105694A EP 0026871 A1 EP0026871 A1 EP 0026871A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
magnetic core
elements
strip
recited
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Granted
Application number
EP80105694A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0026871B1 (de
Inventor
Joseph Augustus Mas
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Allied Corp
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Allied Corp
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Application filed by Allied Corp filed Critical Allied Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/25—Magnetic cores made from strips or ribbons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
    • H01F1/15383—Applying coatings thereon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to magnetic core structures for use in electrical induction apparatus such as transformers, motors, generators and the like.
  • Magnetic devices such as transformers, motors, generators and the like oftentimes include wound core members composed of magnetically soft material.
  • the material, in the form of continuous strip is typically wound on a suitable mandrel and annealed to relieve winding stresses.
  • the mandrel is then removed from the core, which is cut and treated for receiving windings thereon.
  • toroidal core members One of the major problems with toroidal core members is the core loss produced by eddy currents present in and between wound layers of the strip. This loss, which varies as the square of strip width, is so large that it has previously been necessary to form the core from a number of laminated plates wound or stamped from the strip, individually coated with insulating material and wound or stacked one upon another on the flat side thereof. As a result, magnetic cores for electromagnetic induction devices have low operating efficiency and high construction and material costs.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic core for an electromagnetic induction device that is economical to make and highly efficient in operation.
  • the magnetic core comprises a plurality of magnetic core elements, each of which is formed by winding a plurality of layers of uninsulated strip of magnetically permeable material.
  • the magnetic core elements are juxtaposed together to form a core stack, the height of which is large relative to the strip width of each element.
  • the core elements are electrically isolated from each other by insulating material interposed between the elements at the region of juxtaposition.
  • the magnetic core 12 comprises a plurality of magnetic core elements 14.
  • Each of the core elements 14 is formed by winding a plurality of layers 16 of 'uninsulated strip 18 of magnetically permeable material.
  • the elements 14 are juxtaposed together to form a core stack 20, the height, h, of which is large relative to the strip width, w, of each element.
  • Core elements 14 are electrically isolated from each other by insulating material 22 interposed between the core elements 14 at the region of juxtaposition 24.
  • the strip 18 used to wind the magnetic core elements 14 is composed of magnetically soft material.
  • Such material desirably has the following combination of properties: (a) low hysteresis loss; (b) low eddy current loss; (c) low coercive force; (d) high magnetic permeability; (e) high saturation value; and (f) minimum change in permeability with temperature.
  • Conventionally employed magnetically soft material in strip form such as high-purity iron, silicon steels, iron/nickel alloys, iron/cobalt alloys and the like, are all suitable for use in the practice of the present invention.
  • Such alloys are at least about 50% amorphous, as determined by x-ray diffraction.
  • Such alloys include those having the formula M 60 - 90 T 0-15 X 10-25' wherein M is at least one of the elements iron, cobalt and nickel, wherein T is at least one of the transition metal elements, and X is at least one of the metalloid elements of phosphorus, boron and carbon. Up to 80 percent of the carbon, phosphorus and/or boron in X may be replaced by aluminum, antimony, beryllium, germanium, indium, silicon and tin. Used as cores of magnetic devices, such amorphous metal alloys evidence generally superior properties as compared to the conventional polycrystalline metal alloys commonly utilized. Preferably, strips of such amorphous alloys are at least about 80% amorphous, more preferably yet, at least about 95% amorphous.
  • the amorphous magnetic alloys of which strip 18 is preferably composed are formed by cooling a melt at a rate of about 10 5 to 10 "C/sec.
  • a variety of well-known techniques are available for fabricating rapid- quenched continuous strip.
  • the strip 18 When used in magnetic cores for electromagnetic induction devices, the strip 18 typically has the form of wire or ribbon.
  • the strip 18 is conveniently prepared by casting molten material directly onto a chill surface or into a quenching medium of some sort. Such processing techniques considerably reduce the cost of fabrication, since no intermediate wire-drawing or ribbon-forming procedures are required.
  • the amorphus metal alloys of which strip 18 is preferably composed evidence high tensile strength, typically about 200,000 to 600,000 psi (1.38-4.14 x 10 6 kPa), depending on the particular composition. This is to be compared with polycrystalline alloys, which are used in the annealed condition and which usually range from about 40,000 to 80,000 psi (2.76-5.52 x 10 6 kPa).
  • a high tensile strength is an important consideration in applications where high centrifugal forces are present, such as experienced by cores in motors and generators, since higher strength alloys allow higher rotational speeds.
  • the amorphous metal alloys used to form strip 18 evidence a high electrical resistivity, ranging from about 160 to 180 microhm-cm at 25°C, depending on the particular composition. Typical prior art materials have resistivities of about 45 to 160 microhm-cm.
  • the high resistivity possessed by the amorphous metal alloys defined above is useful in AC applications for minimizing eddy current losses, which, in turn, are a factor in reducing core loss.
  • a further advantage of using amorphous metal alloys to form strip 18 is that lower coercive forces are obtained than with prior art compositions of substantially the same metallic content, thereby permitting more iron, which is relatively inexpensive, to be utilized in the strip 18, as compared with a greater proportion of nickel, which is more expensive.
  • each of the magnetic core elements 14 is formed by winding successive turns of strip 18 on a mandrel (not shown). During winding of successive turns, strip 18 is kept under tension to effect tight formation of the core element 14.
  • the number of turns required for a given core element 14 can range from a few turns to several thousand turns, depending upon the power capacity of the electromagnetic device desired.
  • the strip 18 is cut across the width, w, thereof, the outer turn being held in wound relation to the preceding turn.
  • the cut end of the last turn of strip 18 is spot welded, clamped or otherwise secured to the wound core element 14.
  • the core element 14 has a width defined by the width of strip 18 and a build defined by the number of turns of strip 18 times the strip thickness, t.
  • Amorphous metal strip is relatively thin as compared to rolled crystalline strip.
  • the composite core construction of magnetic core 12 eliminates the necessity for individually coating each wound layer of strip 18 used to form core element 14. As a result, the core element 14 can be wound into a smaller, lighter element at lower construction, processing and material costs than magnetic cores having an insulated interlaminar construction.
  • the width of strip 18 ranges from about .25 to 2.5 centimeters and the thickness of strip 18 ranges from about 1 to 2 mils.
  • the build of each core element 14 can range from as low as 4 mils to as great as 25 centimeters or more depending upon the power requirements of the electromagnetic device.
  • Magnetic core 12 is assembled by sandwiching a layer of insulating material 22 between plural core elements 14.
  • the core elements 14 may be bonded together by the insulating material 22.
  • core elements 14 and insulation layers 22 can be placed successively on a spool composed of thermoplastic or thermosetting material.
  • the number of core elements 14 used to construct magnetic core 12, as well as the dimensions of the core elements 14 and overall height, h, of the magnetic core 12 will vary depending on the power capacity and operating frequency of the electromagnetic device.
  • the maximum acceptable strip width is about 1 inch (2.54 cm)
  • the number of core elements 14 used to construct magnetic core 12 is about 3 to 10
  • the height, h, of magnetic core 12 is about 2 to 10 inches (5.08-25.4 cm)
  • the inside diameter of each core element 14 is about 1 to 6 inches (2.54-1.52 cm) and the outside diameter of each core element 14 is about 2 to 20 inches (5.08-50.8 cm).
  • the maximum acceptable strip width is about 1/4 inch (6.3 x 10" cm)
  • the number of core elements 14 used to construct magnetic core 12 is about 3 to 10
  • the height, h, of magnetic core 12 is about 2 to 10 inches (5.08-25.4 cm)
  • the inside diameter of each core element 14 is about 1 to 3 inches (2.54-7.62 cm)
  • the outside diameter of each core element 14 is about 2 to 10 inches (5.08-25.4 cm).
  • the insulating layers 22 disposed between core elements 14 can be composed of any suitable insulating material such as thermosetting or thermoplastic material, glass cloth, fiberglass, polycarbonates, mica, CAPSTAN, LEXAN, fish paper and the like, having the required flexibility, dielectric strength, toughness and stability at the design operating temperature of the magnetic core 12, normally in the vicinity of 130°C.
  • insulating layers 22 are in the form of a flexible film having a thickness of about 1/2 mil and inside and outside diameters substantially equivalent to those of core elements 14. Electrical isolation of core elements 14 can alternatively be accomplished by disposing insulating material over part of the build portions between adjoining core elements 14.
  • the insulating layer 22 disposed between adjoining core elements 14 can have the form of a spider or other suitable configuration adapted to physically separate and electrically isolate the adjacent core elements 14.
  • electrical isolation of core elements 14 is effected by an insulating layer 22 comprised in part of air.
  • the insulating layer 22 can be painted, sprayed or otherwise applied to one or both of the adjoining surfaces of core elements 14.
  • Construction of a transformer 11 incorporating magnetic core 12 can be readily effected by toroidal winding of primary and secondary turns 30, 32 of copper or aluminum wire or ribbon about the magnetic core 12, or by hand threading the copper or aluminum wire turns about the magnetic core 12 in a conventional manner.
  • the elimination of interlaminar insulation afforded by the sectionalized construction of magnetic core 12 substantially reduces the length of the copper turn required, and decreases the copper loss of the electromagnetic device 10.
  • E is the voltage induced in the magnetic core and R the effective interlayer resistance.
  • E is proportional to the frequency, the flux density and the core area.
  • R the effective interlayer resistance, is proportional to the interlayer resistivity and inversely proportional to the-area of contact between the layers.
  • the total interlayer core loss, P will be: Or, in other words, n2 times less than when the core is wound as a single element.
  • the interlayer core loss is 49 times lower than it would be if it had been wound as a single section with 7 inch (17.78 cm) wide uncoated strip.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
EP19800105694 1979-10-05 1980-09-23 Kern für elektromagnetische Induktionsvorrichtung Expired EP0026871B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8220979A 1979-10-05 1979-10-05
US82209 1979-10-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0026871A1 true EP0026871A1 (de) 1981-04-15
EP0026871B1 EP0026871B1 (de) 1984-02-15

Family

ID=22169755

Family Applications (1)

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EP19800105694 Expired EP0026871B1 (de) 1979-10-05 1980-09-23 Kern für elektromagnetische Induktionsvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0026871B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5658213A (de)
CA (1) CA1158325A (de)
DE (1) DE3066611D1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0082954A1 (de) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-06 Allied Corporation Elektromagnetisches Gerät mit Ringkern
US4506248A (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-03-19 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Stacked amorphous metal core
US4906960A (en) * 1984-04-03 1990-03-06 Hydro-Quebec Distribution transformer with coiled magnetic circuit
WO1997013259A1 (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-10 Alliedsignal Inc. Magnetic core-coil assembly for spark ignition systems
WO2006014632A2 (en) * 2004-07-22 2006-02-09 Axcelis Technologies, Inc. Improved magnet for scanning ion beams
JP2014039031A (ja) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-27 Sts Spezialwagen-Trnaformatoren Stockach Gmbh & Co Kg 中波変圧器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4841327B2 (ja) * 2006-06-21 2011-12-21 モリト株式会社 肩ストラップ用取付具、肩ストラップ及びカップ付き女性用衣類

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE937185C (de) * 1941-02-12 1955-12-29 Siemens Ag Schaltanordnung fuer Wechselstromunterbrechungseinrichtungen
US2909742A (en) * 1953-09-01 1959-10-20 Gen Electric Machine wound magnetic core
US3838365A (en) * 1973-02-05 1974-09-24 Allied Chem Acoustic devices using amorphous metal alloys
GB1453154A (en) * 1973-11-28 1976-10-20 Elphiac Sa Harmonic generating reactors
US4038073A (en) * 1976-03-01 1977-07-26 Allied Chemical Corporation Near-zero magnetostrictive glassy metal alloys with high saturation induction
US4056411A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-11-01 Ho Sou Chen Method of making magnetic devices including amorphous alloys
US4116728A (en) * 1976-09-02 1978-09-26 General Electric Company Treatment of amorphous magnetic alloys to produce a wide range of magnetic properties
GB1525959A (en) * 1974-10-21 1978-09-27 Western Electric Co Magnetic devices including amorphous alloys

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE937185C (de) * 1941-02-12 1955-12-29 Siemens Ag Schaltanordnung fuer Wechselstromunterbrechungseinrichtungen
US2909742A (en) * 1953-09-01 1959-10-20 Gen Electric Machine wound magnetic core
US3838365A (en) * 1973-02-05 1974-09-24 Allied Chem Acoustic devices using amorphous metal alloys
GB1453154A (en) * 1973-11-28 1976-10-20 Elphiac Sa Harmonic generating reactors
GB1525959A (en) * 1974-10-21 1978-09-27 Western Electric Co Magnetic devices including amorphous alloys
US4038073A (en) * 1976-03-01 1977-07-26 Allied Chemical Corporation Near-zero magnetostrictive glassy metal alloys with high saturation induction
US4056411A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-11-01 Ho Sou Chen Method of making magnetic devices including amorphous alloys
US4116728A (en) * 1976-09-02 1978-09-26 General Electric Company Treatment of amorphous magnetic alloys to produce a wide range of magnetic properties
US4116728B1 (en) * 1976-09-02 1994-05-03 Gen Electric Treatment of amorphous magnetic alloys to produce a wide range of magnetic properties

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0082954A1 (de) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-06 Allied Corporation Elektromagnetisches Gerät mit Ringkern
US4524342A (en) * 1981-12-28 1985-06-18 Allied Corporation Toroidal core electromagnetic device
US4506248A (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-03-19 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Stacked amorphous metal core
US4906960A (en) * 1984-04-03 1990-03-06 Hydro-Quebec Distribution transformer with coiled magnetic circuit
WO1997013259A1 (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-10 Alliedsignal Inc. Magnetic core-coil assembly for spark ignition systems
WO2006014632A2 (en) * 2004-07-22 2006-02-09 Axcelis Technologies, Inc. Improved magnet for scanning ion beams
WO2006014632A3 (en) * 2004-07-22 2006-04-20 Axcelis Tech Inc Improved magnet for scanning ion beams
JP2014039031A (ja) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-27 Sts Spezialwagen-Trnaformatoren Stockach Gmbh & Co Kg 中波変圧器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0026871B1 (de) 1984-02-15
JPS5658213A (en) 1981-05-21
DE3066611D1 (en) 1984-03-22
JPS6366045B2 (de) 1988-12-19
CA1158325A (en) 1983-12-06

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