EP0022953B2 - Relais électromagnétique - Google Patents

Relais électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022953B2
EP0022953B2 EP80103714A EP80103714A EP0022953B2 EP 0022953 B2 EP0022953 B2 EP 0022953B2 EP 80103714 A EP80103714 A EP 80103714A EP 80103714 A EP80103714 A EP 80103714A EP 0022953 B2 EP0022953 B2 EP 0022953B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
armature
spring
actuating
electromagnetic relay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80103714A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0022953B1 (fr
EP0022953A1 (fr
Inventor
Kenji Ono
Kazuhiro Nobutoki
Hans Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sds-Relais AG Te Deisenhofen Bondsrepubliek Duits
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=14037671&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0022953(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority to AT80103714T priority Critical patent/ATE7182T1/de
Publication of EP0022953A1 publication Critical patent/EP0022953A1/fr
Publication of EP0022953B1 publication Critical patent/EP0022953B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0022953B2 publication Critical patent/EP0022953B2/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/56—Contact spring sets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2227—Polarised relays in which the movable part comprises at least one permanent magnet, sandwiched between pole-plates, each forming an active air-gap with parts of the stationary magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • An electromagnetic relay with the features specified in the first part of patent claim 1 is from "The Bell System Technical Journal” January 1964, pages 15 to 44, in particular FIG. 16 (b) on page 36, and from “Bell Laboratories Record” June 1963, Pages 241 to 243, known.
  • a separate, apparently metallic, two-armed bearing spring is riveted to an armature block made up of two webs and an intermediate permanent magnet, the two ends of which are removed from the armature block so that they rest on surfaces of certain structural parts of the relay and extend with their tips to the housing cap .
  • the cited documents do not disclose whether the two ends of the bearing spring are fixed to the structural parts of the relay or are resilient. A resilient, thus movable system would cause friction when the anchor block rotates.
  • a fixation would mean that bends occur in the spring arms when the armature block rotates. Depending on whether only one or both bearing springs bend, there are different switching movements and a correspondingly inaccurate switching characteristic. In any case, the spring arms must be soft because of the three-point bearing in order to allow the armature block to move at all. Such soft bearing springs do not allow stable switching behavior.
  • An electromagnetic relay is also known from DE-B2 2454967 and the corresponding FR-A 2 271 654, the magnet system of which is shown in FIG. 17 of the accompanying drawings.
  • This relay has an armature block h with a pair of armature webs e, d which are arranged parallel to one another, in front of and behind projecting ends c of a yoke b which carries a coil winding a.
  • a permanent magnet f is arranged between the anchor webs e, d.
  • the anchor block is mounted essentially in the middle of the anchor webs e, d by means of a round pin i in a bore j.
  • such an anchor block is generally carried out in such a way that the permanent magnet is arranged in a one-piece pressed part in the middle between parts which serve as anchor webs e, d.
  • the influence of the heat causes a change in the distance between the anchor bars, which changes the path of the anchor bars relative to the yoke.
  • the actuating part for the contact spring is molded onto the armature block.
  • This design measure is chosen for this relay because large contact forces and a high degree of self-cleaning effect are required to achieve high switching loads and high resistance to contact welding. For this reason, when the contact is selected, contact is made by bending the contact springs.
  • the armature block can move without additional precautions even if one of the contacts is welded and, regardless of the defect, can also close the other contact, which can create further problems in the circuit.
  • the armature is mounted in the form of a thin film via a separate plastic part which is subject to tolerances and which is connected to the relevant components of the relay by mechanical fastening means. Again, there is a risk that the thin plastic film used for storage will break prematurely during operation and render the relay inoperable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a relay that is simple in construction and easy to manufacture, which is still free of fluctuations in the armature air gap and the air gap between the yoke and both armature webs, which allows safe opening and closing of the switching contacts, thus has stable switching behavior, and in which there is also a relatively large opening of the switching contacts with respect to the armature opening.
  • this object is achieved in the relay characterized in claim 1.
  • the possibility achieved thereby to make the resilient arm relatively long means that it is nevertheless sufficiently flexible with a cross-section of the plastic material that is sufficient for strength reasons, in order not to restrict the mobility of the anchor block.
  • the bending of the resilient arm required for the pivoting movement of the armature is therefore distributed over a relatively large length, so that the risk taken in the invention of using a plastic spring for alternating bending stresses is limited.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in fixing one of the anchor bars, the actuating pieces and the flexible arm, which ensures the rotatable mounting of the anchor, in the shape as a unit, in order to ensure an exact anchor air gap.
  • cranks are provided on the surfaces of the two actuating pieces, through which the contact springs are guided such that the inside of each crank encompasses the contact spring in a gap, so that both resilient contact and forced contact opening are ensured.
  • one of the two contacts is attached to a contact spring which is forcibly opened and which is provided with an auxiliary spring.
  • the auxiliary spring is designed so that it is supported on a fixed part immediately before lifting.
  • 1 denotes a housing which consists of a base plate 2 made of insulating material or plastic and a housing cap 3.
  • 4 with a bobbin is designated, which has a winding area 5 and two flanges 6.
  • the winding area 5 of the bobbin 4 is provided with a continuous opening 7, in which a yoke 8 is arranged such that ends 8a protrude upward on the opposite flanges 6.
  • the coil winding C, the coil body 4 and the yoke 8 together form the electromagnetic circuit M.
  • a pair of anchor bars 9 that protrude opposite ends 8a are opposite each other on both sides, have pole faces 9a, 9b, which are adapted to the projecting ends 8a of the yoke for making contact.
  • One pole face is wider than the other.
  • a plate-shaped or cuboid permanent magnet 10 is arranged between the anchor webs 9.
  • An insulating frame 11 holds the anchor bars 9 and the permanent magnet 10 together. It has on the upper side a wall 12 along which one of the anchor webs extends, a pair of posts 13 through which one anchor web is passed, and a horizontal wall 14 which, together with the post 13, has a cavity for receiving the permanent magnet 10 forms.
  • a projection 14a on the horizontal wall 14 serves to position the permanent magnet, takes up the other armature web and encloses it with the exception of the pole faces 9a, 9b. All walls are integrally connected to the insulating frame 11.
  • One anchor web 9, which penetrates the posts 13, is designed as a thin plate in order to facilitate insertion into the mold and, at the same time, embedding.
  • the insulating frame 11 also has a resilient arm 15 projecting in the middle, which can bend in the direction T perpendicular to the direction of rotation R of the anchor bars 9 (FIG. 12).
  • the insulating frame 11, including the flexible arm 15 is formed from a plastic which is highly resistant to arcing.
  • the arm 15 is formed from a metallic leaf spring embedded in the insulating frame 11.
  • the arm 15 can also be provided on both sides, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. Relatively stiff synthetic resin can also be used, as long as sufficient flexibility can be ensured by the thickness or shape of the arm 15.
  • the two anchor bars 9, the permanent magnet 10, the insulating frame 11 and the flexible arm 15 together form the anchor block G.
  • the base plate 2 is provided with a bearing block 16.
  • the arm 15 is tapered in cross section in the area of its connection 15b in the vicinity of the insulating frame 11 and widened at its front end 15a in such a way that an air gap 16a arises in the area of the connection 15b and that its front, widened end 15a against a pair of firmly anchored side walls 17.
  • movable contact springs are designated, which are arranged on both sides of the flexible arm 15. Each of these springs lies opposite the upper wall 12 of the insulating frame 11 of the anchor block and is provided with a contact 19 at its front end. Each contact spring 18 is also fastened to an L-shaped base part 20a of a contact connection 20 with an L-shaped foot part 18a. The movable contact spring 18 engages the inner surface 22 of a bend of an operating part 21 for the purpose of a forced contact opening. 23 is a further contact connection which carries a fixed contact 24. The two contacts 19 and 24 form a contact arrangement S.
  • the base plate 2 has an upright partition 25 which is arranged as an arc protection between this contact arrangement S on the one hand and the part M of the electromagnetic circuit and the armature block G on the other.
  • the partition 25 is integrally formed on the side walls 17 of the bearing block 16.
  • a connecting pin 26 for the coil winding C is L-shaped, its horizontal section 26a being passed through the flange 6 of the coil body 4. The contact connections 20, 23 and the connection pin 26 penetrate the base plate 2.
  • the one of two contacts which is denoted by 27, is closed by bending the contact spring and stands out from the fixed contact 28 serving as an abutment when there is no force from the armature 30.
  • the other contact with the contact spring 29 is forcibly opened and then closed when no force is exerted by the armature.
  • the contact spring 29 of the contact which is forcibly opened carries the movable contact 31 on the side facing the armature 30 and on the other side an auxiliary spring 32 which is supported on it and which is also fastened to the same contact connection 33.
  • the free end of the auxiliary spring 32 is not always supported on the contact spring 29, but only when the contact spring 29 is lifted off the fixed contact 28.
  • the spring force of the contact spring 29 is increased by the force of the auxiliary spring 32 at this time.
  • the resulting spring force from the deflection upon contact, the forced contact opening and the auxiliary spring at the end of the armature movement on the side on which the contact is opened takes on an increased value until the spring force on the side at the contact opening is equal is the value of the spring force on the side where the contact is closed. In this way, the resulting spring force is adjusted to the actuating force of the armature.
  • FIG. 13 shows the rest position of the relay
  • FIG. 13A shows the rest position of the relay
  • FIG. 13B shows an arrangement with a work contact and a break contact, in which the armature block G is moved over the flexible arm 15 when the coil is excited, as a result of which the contact arrangements S on both sides can be opened and closed alternately (Figs. 13A, 13B).
  • Fig. 14 which shows another arrangement with two working contacts (with Fig. 14A showing the rest position of the relay), the rotation of the armature block G causes a simultaneous opening or Close the two contact arrangements on both sides.
  • the arrangement of Fig. 13 corresponds to the construction shown in Fig.
  • the arrangement of Fig. 14 corresponds to that shown in Fig. 9.
  • the relationship between the anchor block G and the elastic arm 15 is that the arm 15 is bent in a direction T perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the anchor block G in response to its rotation, as shown in FIG. 12. If the axis of rotation is displaced from the normal position, a subsequent movement to the right or left or forwards or backwards occurs within the area of the deflection to compensate for the offset, thereby compensating for the problem of chattering or excessive play on the axis of rotation.
  • the electromagnetic relay according to the invention is designed such that the insulating frame 11, which carries the anchor bars 9 and the permanent magnet 10, is formed in one piece with the elastic arm 15, which can bend perpendicularly to the direction of the axis of rotation of the anchor bars 9 and from the bearing block 16 of the base plate 2 is held securely, any offset due to a deflection of the elastic arm 15 is made ineffective by said subsequent movement.
  • This arrangement makes it unnecessary to devote great care to the centering that was required with conventional journal bearings.
  • the armature block G is also a unit which comprises the armature webs 9, the permanent magnet 10 and an insulating frame 11, the final assembly compared to the known relays according to the prior art, in which only one part at a time can be installed in the housing , made much more efficient.
  • the electromagnetic relay according to the invention is further characterized in that the upright partition 25 is provided in its base plate 2 in order to provide protection against arcing between the contacts. Furthermore, the common contact spring 18 is designed such that it comes into engagement with the inner surface of the offset of the actuating part 21.
  • the insulating frame 11, which carries the anchor bars 9 and the permanent magnet 10 is on its top with the wall 12, along which one of the anchor bars is arranged, the pair of posts 13, which an anchor bar passes, and the horizontal wall 14, which together with said posts 13 forms a cavity for receiving and fastening the permanent magnet.
  • the wall projection 14a which extends from the horizontal wall and together with this forms a positioning segment for the permanent magnet, which is adapted to and covers the other armature web 9, the pole faces 9a and 9b of which remain uncovered alone. All the walls mentioned are integrally connected to the frame part.
  • one of the contact springs is provided with a contact that springs through when contact is made, while the other contact spring carries a contact that is forced to open.
  • the first-mentioned contact spring is provided with an auxiliary spring which is supported on the surface of the contact spring facing away from the moving contact, as a result of which the advantages mentioned are achieved.
  • the 16 also shows a rotary armature, in which an armature provided with permanent magnets is mounted on one side on a flexible arm 15 in a bearing block 16.
  • the flexible arm 15 is molded like the actuating pieces 21 a, 21 b, 21 a ', 21 b ' from the insulating material jacket or the insulating frame 11 of the armature.
  • the insulating material sheath also fixes in the armature at least one permanent magnet (not shown) and armature webs 9 which cooperate with the yoke ends 8a of the coil core.
  • the actuating pieces 21a, 21b and 21a ', 21b' shown in section are connected to one another on their upper side, that is to say they grip around the contact springs 18 and 18 '.
  • the right contact point 19, 24 is closed, the left contact point 19 ', 24' is open.
  • the crowned actuating piece 21 b presses against the contact spring 18, while the opposite actuating piece 21 a is lifted off the latter.
  • the contact spring 18 experiences considerable deflection.
  • the contact opening at the left contact point 19 ', 24' takes place through the action of the actuating piece 21 a 'on the contact spring 18', the actuating piece 21 b 'being lifted off the contact spring.
  • the contact-near section 21c, 21c 'of the actuating piece 21a, 21a' engages with the contact spring 18, 18 ', so that only the short resilient length L 3 , L 3 is effective up to the contact point .
  • the contact point on the contact spring moves with increasing opening of the contact point 19 ', 24', since the surface of the actuating piece 21 a 'facing the contact spring 18' runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the armature 8, from the contact-less to the non-contact section 21 d 'of the actuating piece 21 a '.
  • the permanent magnetic attraction force can also be stored well in the contact springs 18, 18 '. Due to the slight deflection of the contact springs 18, 18 'on contact opening, on the other hand, in the event of a contact welding, the welded contact is either torn open and the other is operated properly - or, if the welding point cannot be broken, the other contact is also no longer operated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Relais électromagnétique comprenant un bloc d'induit (G) qui comporte une paire de branches d'induit (9) avec un aimant permanent (10) monté entre elles, qui magnétise les branches d'induit (9) en sens contraire, une culasse (8) ayant sensiblement la forme d'un U et dont les extrémités (8a), en saillie, sont respectivement disposées dans un entrefer entre les extrémités en regard des branches d'induit (9) qui s'étendent au delà des sections des branches d'induit (9) en contact avec l'aimant permanent (10), une bobine (C) pouvant être raccordée à une source de commande et destinée à exciter le relais et un agencement de support (15, 16) pour le bloc d'induit (G) permettant à l'une ou l'autre des deux paires d'extrémités diamétralement en regard du bloc d'induit (G) d'être déplacée à volonté en direction des extrémités (8a) en saillie de la culasse (8), l'agencement de support comprenant un bras élastique (15) qui s'étend depuis le bloc d'induit (G), perpendiculairement à son axe de rotation, et est fixé à son extrémité (15a) éloignée, opposée à l'induit, caractérisé en ce que le bras élastique (15) est moulé sur un cadre (11) en matière synthétique renfermant le bloc d'induit (G) et que deux compartiments sont formés pour la mise en place, de manière séparée l'un de l'autre, de deux contacts de commutation (19, 24), par un tronçon fixe à l'extrémité (15a) du bras élastique (15) opposée au bloc d'induit (G) et une plaque de base en matière synthétique (2) dans laquelle sont encastrés les contacts de commutation (19, 24).
2. Relais électromagnétique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'une des branches d'induit (9) est encastrée dans une plaque (14) en matière synthétique, que la plaque de base (14) comprend en outre des pièces de manoeuvre (21), d'un seul tenant, destinées à la manoeuvre d'une paire de ressorts de contact (18) et une cavité propre à la réception de l'aimant permanent (10), et que l'autre branche d'induit (9) est positionnée et retenue dans la cavité en s'appuyant contre l'aimant permanent (10).
3. Relais électromagnétique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chacune des pièces de manoeuvre (21) comprend une surface d'appui pour actionner le ressort de contact (18) et un épaulement qui est constitué de manière à ouvrir obligatoirement de contact de commutation respectif (19, 24) en venant en engagement avec la surface du ressort de contact (18) qui est sur le côté opposé à la surface d'appui.
4. Relais électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'un des contacts (28, 31) comprend un ressort de contact (29) devant être ouvert obligatoirement et est muni d'un ressort auxiliaire (32) constitué de façon à s'appuyer immédiatment avant l'ouverture du contact contre une pièce fixe pour augmenter la force élastique du ressort de contact (29).
5. Relais électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le bloc d'induit (G) comprend respectivement pour la manoeuvre de chaque ressort de contact (18) une pièce de manoeuvre (21) qui entoure le ressort de contact (18), que les pièces de manoeuvre (21) comprennent respectivement des surfaces d'appui (21 b) sur le côté du ressort de contact (18) qui est à l'opposé du contact à fermer en vue d'établir le contact, et des épaulements (21a) sur l'autre côté du ressort de contact (18) qui est tourné vers le contact qui doit être ouvert en vue d'une ouverture obligée du contact, et que les surfaces d'appui (21b) des ressorts de contact (18) sont plus éloignées des zones de contact que les zones de contact des parties (21 c) des épaulements (21a) qui déterminent l'ouverture des contacts.
6. Relais électromagnétique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que en ce que les épaulements (21a) qui déterminent l'ouverture des contacts comprennent une partie proche du contact et une partie éloigné du contact (21c, 21 d), que l'ouverture du contact est à chaque fois réalisée par l'action de la partie (21c) la plus proche du contact, et qu'au cours de la ma- nceuvre d'ouverture la zone d'appui sur le ressort de contact (18) se déplace de la partie (21c) de l'épaulement (21 a) la plus proche du contact vers la partie (21 d) la plus éloignée du contact.
EP80103714A 1979-07-18 1980-06-30 Relais électromagnétique Expired EP0022953B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80103714T ATE7182T1 (de) 1979-07-18 1980-06-30 Elektromagnetisches relais.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP91836/79 1979-07-18
JP9183679A JPS5615522A (en) 1979-07-18 1979-07-18 Electromagnetic relay

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022953A1 EP0022953A1 (fr) 1981-01-28
EP0022953B1 EP0022953B1 (fr) 1984-04-18
EP0022953B2 true EP0022953B2 (fr) 1987-06-24

Family

ID=14037671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80103714A Expired EP0022953B2 (fr) 1979-07-18 1980-06-30 Relais électromagnétique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4339735A (fr)
EP (1) EP0022953B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5615522A (fr)
AT (1) ATE7182T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1139806A (fr)
DE (1) DE3067528D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3006948A1 (de) * 1980-02-25 1981-09-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes magnetsystem
DE3132244C2 (de) * 1981-08-14 1983-05-19 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais
DE3135171A1 (de) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches relais
DE3213759A1 (de) * 1982-04-14 1983-10-20 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches relais
DE3213737A1 (de) * 1982-04-14 1983-10-20 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektromagnetisches relais
DE3223867C2 (de) * 1982-06-25 1986-04-24 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes Relais
DE3585056D1 (de) * 1984-07-13 1992-02-13 Euro Matsushita Electric Works Sicherheitsrelais.
US4688010A (en) * 1984-12-22 1987-08-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
JPS61267220A (ja) * 1985-05-20 1986-11-26 松下電工株式会社 有極リレ−
DE3520773C1 (de) * 1985-05-29 1989-07-20 SDS-Relais AG, 8024 Deisenhofen Elektromagnetisches Relais
US4668928A (en) * 1986-06-23 1987-05-26 Tektronix, Inc. Bi-stable switch with pivoted armature
CA1283680C (fr) * 1988-09-28 1991-04-30 Klaus Gunter Engel Commutateurs c et commutateurs s pour micro-ondes
DE9016328U1 (de) * 1990-11-30 1992-04-02 EURO-Matsushita Electric Works AG, 8150 Holzkirchen Elektromagnetisches Relais
JP2018170241A (ja) * 2017-03-30 2018-11-01 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832866A (en) * 1952-12-17 1958-04-29 Gen Railway Signal Co Polarized relay
US2960583A (en) * 1958-04-30 1960-11-15 Sigma Instruments Inc Sensitive relay
DE1217500B (de) * 1962-01-16 1966-05-26 Fujitsu Ltd Gepoltes Kleinrelais
US3499463A (en) * 1967-11-20 1970-03-10 Sperry Rand Ltd Electrohydraulic servo valve
DE2454967C3 (de) * 1974-05-15 1981-12-24 Hans 8024 Deisenhofen Sauer Gepoltes elektromagnetisches Relais
US4272745A (en) * 1978-06-30 1981-06-09 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Electromagnetic relay
DE2830390C2 (de) * 1978-07-11 1985-01-03 W. Gruner GmbH & Co Relaisfabrik, KG, 7209 Wehingen Relais
EP0013991B2 (fr) * 1979-01-25 1988-06-08 EURO-Matsushita Electric Works Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif à ressorts de contact pour relais électromagnétiques polarisés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE7182T1 (de) 1984-05-15
CA1139806A (fr) 1983-01-18
EP0022953B1 (fr) 1984-04-18
DE3067528D1 (en) 1984-05-24
US4339735A (en) 1982-07-13
EP0022953A1 (fr) 1981-01-28
JPS5615522A (en) 1981-02-14

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