EP0017575B1 - Contactor with rapid opening in the event of a fault - Google Patents

Contactor with rapid opening in the event of a fault Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0017575B1
EP0017575B1 EP80400424A EP80400424A EP0017575B1 EP 0017575 B1 EP0017575 B1 EP 0017575B1 EP 80400424 A EP80400424 A EP 80400424A EP 80400424 A EP80400424 A EP 80400424A EP 0017575 B1 EP0017575 B1 EP 0017575B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
contactor
contact
contact carrier
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80400424A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0017575B2 (en
EP0017575A1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Bresson
André Ducluzaux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
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Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device
    • H01H89/08—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device with both devices using the same contact pair

Definitions

  • Patent US 3,979,675 discloses such an apparatus, which fulfills a combined function of contactor and circuit breaker without duplication of the basic constituent elements.
  • the rapid opening control is operated by means of an electromagnetic thruster which becomes active when the conductor pole is crossed by a short-circuit current.
  • This propellant comprises a U-shaped magnetic circuit with a notch surrounding the movable contact bridge, the passage of current in the contact bridge generating a magnetic field in the air gap of the magnetic circuit.
  • the resulting electromagnetic forces cause the mobile contact bridge to detach, which abuts against the bottom of the thruster notch.
  • the arrangement of this thruster inside the contactor block necessarily requires the mounting of the contactor in the factory and does not lend itself to the construction of a modular system.
  • a vacuum contactor is associated with an electrodynamic repulsion trip device formed by a coil and a conductive disc.
  • the trigger is an integral and inseparable part of the contactor, and the rod of the transmission mechanism does not strike to separate the contacts, but attracts them via an auxiliary box.
  • the release coil is connected in series with the contacts of the contactor.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and allow the realization of a modular system allowing a reduction in the cost of manufacture and storage.
  • the electrodynamic control is capable of moving the mobile assembly formed by the armature, the contact carrier and the movable contact against the force of attraction of the armature towards the open position of the contacts by breaking the if necessary, soldered contacts.
  • the coil of the electromagnet attracting the armature is preferably supplied with direct current or rectified with a self-holding contact, which opens from the start of the movement of the moving assembly in position d 'opening to confirm this opening.
  • the contactor can also be of the type with magnetic retention by remanence; there is then no contact to cut.
  • the contactor with a rapid opening command giving it a high breaking capacity, can constitute a protective device, in particular of an electric motor, the same current transformer for detecting an overload or a short-circuit driving respectively a normal opening by de-excitation of the control of the contactor block or a rapid opening by the electrodynamic release.
  • the contact carrier is common to the different poles as well as the closing control electromagnet and the rapid opening electrodynamic release.
  • the mobile assembly is preferably mobile in translation and carries one or more contact bridges ensuring a double break.
  • the trip unit comprises a mechanical locking of the striker in the position of opening of the contacts of the contactor unit which confirms and displays this state of opening of the contacts and of disconnection and keeps the device blocked in position d 'opening, thus requiring intervention to rearm the device.
  • the connection device according to the invention assumes the triple role of switching contactor and overload protection, of circuit breaker protection against short circuits and safety switch from simple and standard modular elements.
  • a contactor block 10 with molded housing 12 has input and output terminals 14, 16, connected to fixed contacts 18, 20, which cooperate with a movable contact bridge 22. Cut-off chambers 24 , 26 are associated with the contacts 18, 22; 20, 22 to extinguish the arcs drawn between these contacts during their separation.
  • the different poles of the contactor are advantageously housed in the same housing 12, and the contact bridges 22 of the different poles are carried by the same contact holder 28 slidably mounted to open or close the contacts 18, 20, 22.
  • the bridge contact 22 passes through a light 30 formed in the contact holder 28, to allow limited relative movement in the sliding direction against a leaf spring 32 of contact pressure.
  • the contact carrier 28 constitutes a one-piece assembly or is rigidly secured to a U-shaped frame 34, which cooperates with a cylinder head 36 of U-shaped conjugate.
  • a coil 38 of excitation surrounds the two legs of the cylinder head 36 to constitute an electromagnetic control well known per se, for moving the moving element formed by the armature 34, the contact carrier 28 and the contact bridges 22.
  • a spring 40 urges this moving element in the open position of the contacts 18, 20, 22, moving and maintaining the closed position of the contacts resulting from a supply of the coil 38 by a direct current source, represented in the figures by an accumulator 42.
  • the supply circuit of the coil 38 comprises in series a self-supply contact 44 and a trip contact 46, interrupting the supply of the coil 38 by the opening of any one of these contacts 44, 46.
  • the contact 44 is controlled by the armature 34. It remains closed during sque the armature 34 is attracted and pressed against the cylinder head 36, and it opens when the armature 34 is detached from the cylinder head 36.
  • An electrical control circuit 50 with push button 52 shunts the contact 44 to control the excitation of the coil 38, the contact 44 ensuring the self-supply of the coil 38 from the attraction of the armature 34 even after the opening of the push button 52.
  • the block 10 constitutes a standard contactor, the operation of which is briefly recalled below.
  • the contacts 18, 20, 22 of the contactor are open.
  • the actuation of the push button 52 controls the closing of the contacts 18, 20, 22 by attraction of the armature 34 by the energized coil 38.
  • the contact 44 ensures the self-supply of the coil 38.
  • This supply can be interrupted by the opening of the contact 44 by a manual control, not shown, or by interruption of the supply by any other operating means for controlling the contactor opening.
  • the contactor 10 can provide control and overload protection for an electric motor (not shown), and a large number of opening and closing operations.
  • the opening speed of the contacts 18, 20, 22, derived from the force of the spring 40 is relatively low, which limits the breaking capacity of the contactor 10.
  • the invention consists in associating with the standard contactor 10 an electrodynamic trip device 58 of the type described in French patent No 2 357 048.
  • the molded case 60 of the electrodynamic trip device 58 is attached and fixed by screws (not shown) to the case 12 of the contactor 10.
  • An elongated striker 62 extends and is movable in the direction of movement of the movable assembly 34, 28, 22 of the contactor 10, passing through aligned orifices 64 formed in the housings 12, 160.
  • the end of the striker 62 internal to the housing 60, carries a conductive disc 66, disposed opposite a coil 68 embedded in a fixed support 70.
  • the opposite end of the striker 62 is disposed opposite and cooperates with a stop 72 carried by the frame 34.
  • the assembly is arranged in such a way that in the attracted position of the armature 34 and of placing the disc 66 on the coil 68 there remains only a slight clearance between the stop 72 and the striker 62.
  • the winding 68 is connected to a capacitor bank 74 with the interposition of a contact 76.
  • the charging circuit of the capacitors 74 is not shown in the figures.
  • the closing of the contact 76 triggers a discharge of the capacitors 74 in the winding 68 and a Thomson repulsion of the disc 66, which drives the striker 62 in its movement.
  • a control unit 78 of the contact 76 is connected to a current transformer 56 to cause the contact 76 to close when a short-circuit current is detected by the current transformer 56.
  • the lock represented by a sliding bolt 80, interferes in the active position with the path of movement of the disc 66 to lock the latter in repulsion position corresponding to the opening of the contacts of the contactor, following a short circuit.
  • the latch 80 can be actuated from outside the housing 60 and can only come into the active position in the repulsed position of the disc 66 and the opening of the contactor. It confirms this opening and ensures the sectioning.
  • Locking in the open position can be achieved by any device other than that shown at 80, in particular by locking the pin 62.
  • An opening on short-circuit is controlled by the current transformer 56, which sees the fault and generates by means of the command 78 a closing of the contact 76.
  • the capacitors 74 discharge in the winding 68 and the disc 66 is repelled energetically by Thomson effect.
  • the striker 62 strikes the stop 72 with sufficient force to tear off the frame 34 of the cylinder head 36.
  • the movable assembly 34, 28, 22 moves rapidly in the position of opening of the contacts 18, 20, 22 by simultaneously causing the opening of the self-supply contact 44 and the de-excitation of the coil 38.
  • the spring 40 maintains the contacts 18, 20, 22 in the open position. This opening movement is ultra-rapid and occurs before any attempt to open by de-energizing the coil 38.
  • the electrodynamic action of the trigger 58 overcomes the electromagnetic attraction of the armature 34.
  • the rapid opening of the contacts 18, 20, 22 gives the contactor breaking capacity allowing it to assume the function of circuit breaker.
  • the contactor is normally closed by depressing the push button 52.
  • the electrodynamic trip device 58 can also serve as a quick remote opening command.
  • the endurance of the contactor is not affected by the rapid opening command, which intervenes only in the event of a short circuit and exceptionally.
  • the moving element 34, 28, 22 of the contactor can be locked in the open position of the contacts 18, 20, 22 by the latch 80, which engages under the repelled disc 66.
  • a spring (not shown), urging the disc 66, striker 62 in repulsed position, facilitates the engagement of the lock 80.
  • the position in which the lock 80 is pressed confirms and signals the cutting.
  • the electrodynamic trip device can be associated with a standard contactor without significant modification of the latter and that the invention is applicable to different types of contactors, in particular with remanence.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the mode of implementation more particularly described.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative à un contacteur à commande électromagnétique ayant un bloc contacteur comprenant:

  • - une bobine d'excitation d'une culasse magnétique,
  • - une armature mobile coopérant avec ladite culasse,
  • - un support porte-contact solidaire de ladite armature,
  • - un contact fixe coopérant avec un contact mobile porté par ledit porte-contact, lesdits contacts étant amenés et maintenus en position fermée par attraction de ladite armature par la culasse lors de l'excitation de la bobine,
  • - un dispositif de rappel de l'ensemble armature, porte-contact en position d'ouverture desdits contacts lors d'une désexcitation de la bobine,
  • - et des moyens électromagnétiques d'ouverture rapide du contact mobile lors de l'apparition d'un défaut, notamment un courant de court-circuit, pour déplacer l'ensemble armature, porte-contact à l'encontre de la force d'attraction de l'armature par la culasse.
The invention relates to a contactor with electromagnetic control having a contactor block comprising:
  • - an excitation coil of a magnetic yoke,
  • - a movable frame cooperating with said cylinder head,
  • a contact carrier support integral with said frame,
  • a fixed contact cooperating with a movable contact carried by said contact carrier, said contacts being brought into and held in the closed position by attraction of said armature by the yoke during excitation of the coil,
  • a device for returning the armature assembly, contact carrier in the open position of said contacts when the coil is de-energized,
  • - And electromagnetic means for rapid opening of the movable contact when a fault occurs, in particular a short-circuit current, to move the armature assembly, contact carrier against the force of attraction of the frame by the cylinder head.

Le brevet USA 3 979 675 fait connaître un tel appareillage, qui remplit une fonction combinée de contacteur et de disjoncteur sans dédoublement des éléments constitutifs de base. La commande d'ouverture rapide s'opère au moyen d'un propulseur électromagnétique devenant actif lorsque le pôle du conducteur est traversé par un courant de court-circuit. Ce propulseur comporte un circuit magnétique en U et à encoche entourant le pont de contact mobile, le passage du courant dans le pont de contact engendrant un champ magnétique dans l'entrefer du circuit magnétique. Les forces électromagnétiques résultantes provoquent le décollement du pont de contact mobile qui vient buter contre le fond de l'encoche du propulseur. L'agencement de ce propulseur à l'intérieur du bloc contacteur nécessite obligatoirement le montage du contacteur en usine et ne se prête pas à la réalisation d'un système modulaire.Patent US 3,979,675 discloses such an apparatus, which fulfills a combined function of contactor and circuit breaker without duplication of the basic constituent elements. The rapid opening control is operated by means of an electromagnetic thruster which becomes active when the conductor pole is crossed by a short-circuit current. This propellant comprises a U-shaped magnetic circuit with a notch surrounding the movable contact bridge, the passage of current in the contact bridge generating a magnetic field in the air gap of the magnetic circuit. The resulting electromagnetic forces cause the mobile contact bridge to detach, which abuts against the bottom of the thruster notch. The arrangement of this thruster inside the contactor block necessarily requires the mounting of the contactor in the factory and does not lend itself to the construction of a modular system.

Selon le brevet allemand DE-A-1 808 730, un contacteur à vide est associé à un déclencheur à répulsion électrodynamique formé par une bobine et un disque conducteur. Le déclencheur est une partie intégrante et inséparable du contacteur, et la tige du mécanisme de transmission ne frappe pas pour séparer les contacts, mais les attire par l'intermédiaire d'un boîtier auxiliaire. La bobine du déclencheur est connectée en série avec les contacts du contacteur.According to German patent DE-A-1 808 730, a vacuum contactor is associated with an electrodynamic repulsion trip device formed by a coil and a conductive disc. The trigger is an integral and inseparable part of the contactor, and the rod of the transmission mechanism does not strike to separate the contacts, but attracts them via an auxiliary box. The release coil is connected in series with the contacts of the contactor.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et de permettre la réalisation d'un système modulaire autorisant une réduction du coût de fabrication et du stockage.The invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and allow the realization of a modular system allowing a reduction in the cost of manufacture and storage.

Le contacteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'ouverture rapide comportent un déclencheur électrodynamique logé dans un boîtier pour former un bloc indépendant susceptible d'être accolé au bloc contacteur, ledit déclencheur comprenant:

  • - un bobinage de commande,
  • - un disque mobile en matériau conducteur, disposé en position de repos en regard et à faible distance d'une face du bobinage,
  • - et un percuteur solidaire du disque pour coopérer avec un élément conjugué de l'ensemble armature, porte-contact du bloc contacteur lors de l'excitation du bobinage et d'une répulsion par effet électrodynamique du disque vers la position d'ouverture des contacts.
The contactor according to the invention is characterized in that the rapid opening means comprise an electrodynamic trip device housed in a housing to form an independent block capable of being attached to the contactor block, said trip device comprising:
  • - a control winding,
  • - a movable disc of conductive material, placed in the rest position facing and at a short distance from one side of the winding,
  • - And a striker secured to the disc to cooperate with a conjugate element of the armature assembly, contact carrier of the contactor block during excitation of the winding and repulsion by electrodynamic effect of the disc towards the open position of the contacts .

Il est fait avantageusement usage d'un contacteur standard auquel on adjoint un bloc déclencheur électrodynamique à la demande. Cette adjonction du bloc déclencheur peut s'effectuer a posteriori par le client sans modification du bloc contacteur. On remarque que la liaison mécanique entre les deux blocs transmet la commande d'ouverture rapide à l'équipage mobile du contacteur exclusivement lors d'une ouverture sur court-circuit.Advantageously, use is made of a standard contactor to which an electrodynamic trip unit is added on demand. This addition of the trip unit can be done a posteriori by the customer without modification of the contactor unit. Note that the mechanical connection between the two blocks transmits the quick opening command to the moving part of the contactor exclusively during an opening on short circuit.

La commande électrodynamique est capable de déplacer l'équipage mobile formé par l'armature, le porte-contact et le contact mobile à l'encontre de la force d'attraction de l'armature vers la position d'ouverture des contacts en rompant le cas échéant des contacts soudés. La bobine de l'électro-aimant d'attraction de l'armature est alimentée de préférence en courant continu ou redressé avec un contact d'auto-maintien, qui s'ouvre dès le début du déplacement de l'équipage mobile en position d'ouverture pour confirmer cette ouverture. Le contacteur peut également être du type à accrochage magnétique par rémanence; il n'y a alors aucun contact à couper.The electrodynamic control is capable of moving the mobile assembly formed by the armature, the contact carrier and the movable contact against the force of attraction of the armature towards the open position of the contacts by breaking the if necessary, soldered contacts. The coil of the electromagnet attracting the armature is preferably supplied with direct current or rectified with a self-holding contact, which opens from the start of the movement of the moving assembly in position d 'opening to confirm this opening. The contactor can also be of the type with magnetic retention by remanence; there is then no contact to cut.

Le contacteur, à commande d'ouverture rapide lui conférant un pouvoir de coupure élevé, peut constituer un appareil de protection, notamment d'un moteur électrique, le même transformateur de courant de détection d'une surcharge ou d'un court-circuit pilotant respectivement une ouverture normale par désexcitation de la commande du bloc contacteur ou une ouverture rapide par le déclencheur électrodynamique.The contactor, with a rapid opening command giving it a high breaking capacity, can constitute a protective device, in particular of an electric motor, the same current transformer for detecting an overload or a short-circuit driving respectively a normal opening by de-excitation of the control of the contactor block or a rapid opening by the electrodynamic release.

Dans le cas d'un contacteur multipolaire, le porte-contact est commun aux différents pôles ainsi que l'électro-aimant de commande de fermeture et le déclencheur électrodynamique d'ouverture rapide. L'équipage mobile est de préférence mobile en translation et porte un ou des ponts de contacts assurant une double coupure.In the case of a multipole contactor, the contact carrier is common to the different poles as well as the closing control electromagnet and the rapid opening electrodynamic release. The mobile assembly is preferably mobile in translation and carries one or more contact bridges ensuring a double break.

Selon un développement de l'invention, le bloc déclencheur comporte un verrouillage mécanique du percuteur en position d'ouverture des contacts du bloc contacteur qui confirme et visualise cet état d'ouverture des contacts et de sectionnement et maintient l'appareil bloqué en position d'ouverture, imposant ainsi une intervention pour réarmer l'appareil. L'appareil de connexion selon l'invention assume le triple rôle de contacteur de manœuvre et protection contre les surcharges, de disjoncteur de protection contre les courts-circuits et de sectionneur de sécurité à partir d'éléments modulaires simples et standards.According to a development of the invention, the trip unit comprises a mechanical locking of the striker in the position of opening of the contacts of the contactor unit which confirms and displays this state of opening of the contacts and of disconnection and keeps the device blocked in position d 'opening, thus requiring intervention to rearm the device. The connection device according to the invention assumes the triple role of switching contactor and overload protection, of circuit breaker protection against short circuits and safety switch from simple and standard modular elements.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • les figs 1 et 2 sont des vues schématiques en coupe axiale d'un contacteur selon l'invention, respectivement en position de fermeture et d'ouverture.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figs 1 and 2 are schematic views in axial section of a contactor according to the invention, respectively in the closed and open position.

Sur les figures, un bloc contacteur 10 à boîtier moulé 12, présente des bornes d'entrée et de sortie 14,16, reliées à des contacts fixes 18, 20, qui coopèrent avec un pont de contact mobile 22. Des chambres de coupure 24, 26 sont associées aux contacts 18, 22; 20, 22 pour éteindre les arcs tirés entre ces contacts lors de leur séparation. Les différents pôles du contacteur sont avantageusement logés dans le même boîtier 12, et les ponts de contacts 22 des différents pôles sont portés par un même porte-contact 28 monté à coulissement pour ouvrir ou fermer les contacts 18, 20, 22. Le pont de contact 22 traverse une lumière 30 ménagée dans le porte-contact 28, pour permettre un mouvement relatif limité dans la direction de coulissement à l'encontre d'un ressort à lame 32 de pression de contact.In the figures, a contactor block 10 with molded housing 12 has input and output terminals 14, 16, connected to fixed contacts 18, 20, which cooperate with a movable contact bridge 22. Cut-off chambers 24 , 26 are associated with the contacts 18, 22; 20, 22 to extinguish the arcs drawn between these contacts during their separation. The different poles of the contactor are advantageously housed in the same housing 12, and the contact bridges 22 of the different poles are carried by the same contact holder 28 slidably mounted to open or close the contacts 18, 20, 22. The bridge contact 22 passes through a light 30 formed in the contact holder 28, to allow limited relative movement in the sliding direction against a leaf spring 32 of contact pressure.

Le porte-contact 28 constitue un ensemble monobloc ou est rigidement assujetti à une armature 34 en forme de U, qui coopère avec une culasse 36 de forme conjugée en U. Une bobine 38 d'excitation entoure les deux jambes de la culasse 36 pour constituer une commande électromagnétique bien connue en soi, de déplacement de l'équipage mobile formé par l'armature 34, le porte-contact 28 et les ponts de contacts 22. Un ressort 40 sollicite cet équipage mobile en position d'ouverture des contacts 18, 20, 22, le déplacement et le maintien en position de fermeture des contacts résultant d'une alimentation de la bobine 38 par une source de courant continu, représentée sur les figures par un accumulateur 42. Le circuit d'alimentation de la bobine 38 comporte en série un contact d'auto-alimentation 44 et un contact de déclenchement 46, interrompant l'alimentation de la bobine 38 par l'ouverture de l'un quelconque de ces contacts 44, 46. Le contact 44 est piloté par l'armature 34. Il reste fermé lorsque l'armature 34 est attirée et plaquée sur la culasse 36, et il s'ouvre lorsque l'armature 34 se décolle de la culasse 36. Un circuit de commande électrique 50 à bouton poussoir 52 shunte le contact 44 pour commander l'excitation de la bobine 38, le contact 44 assurant l'auto-alimentation de la bobine 38 dès l'attraction de l'armature 34 même après l'ouverture du bouton-poussoir 52.The contact carrier 28 constitutes a one-piece assembly or is rigidly secured to a U-shaped frame 34, which cooperates with a cylinder head 36 of U-shaped conjugate. A coil 38 of excitation surrounds the two legs of the cylinder head 36 to constitute an electromagnetic control well known per se, for moving the moving element formed by the armature 34, the contact carrier 28 and the contact bridges 22. A spring 40 urges this moving element in the open position of the contacts 18, 20, 22, moving and maintaining the closed position of the contacts resulting from a supply of the coil 38 by a direct current source, represented in the figures by an accumulator 42. The supply circuit of the coil 38 comprises in series a self-supply contact 44 and a trip contact 46, interrupting the supply of the coil 38 by the opening of any one of these contacts 44, 46. The contact 44 is controlled by the armature 34. It remains closed during sque the armature 34 is attracted and pressed against the cylinder head 36, and it opens when the armature 34 is detached from the cylinder head 36. An electrical control circuit 50 with push button 52 shunts the contact 44 to control the excitation of the coil 38, the contact 44 ensuring the self-supply of the coil 38 from the attraction of the armature 34 even after the opening of the push button 52.

Il est facile de voir que le bloc 10 constitue un contacteur standard dont le fonctionnement est succinctement rappelé ci-après. En position de repos, les contacts 18, 20, 22 du contacteur sont ouverts. L'actionnement du bouton-poussoir 52 commande la fermeture des contacts 18, 20, 22 par attraction de l'armature 34 par la bobine 38 excitée. Le contact 44 assure l'auto-alimentation de la bobine 38. Cette alimentation peut être interrompue par l'ouverture du contact 44 par une commande manuelle, non représentée, ou par interruption de l'alimentation par tout autre moyen opérant pour commander l'ouverture du contacteur. Le contacteur 10 peut assurer la commande et la protection contre les surcharges d'un moteur électrique (non représenté), et un grand nombre de manoeuvres d'ouverture et de fermeture. La vitesse d'ouverture des contacts 18, 20, 22, dérivée de la force du ressort 40 est relativement faible, ce qui limite le pouvoir de coupure du contacteur 10.It is easy to see that the block 10 constitutes a standard contactor, the operation of which is briefly recalled below. In the rest position, the contacts 18, 20, 22 of the contactor are open. The actuation of the push button 52 controls the closing of the contacts 18, 20, 22 by attraction of the armature 34 by the energized coil 38. The contact 44 ensures the self-supply of the coil 38. This supply can be interrupted by the opening of the contact 44 by a manual control, not shown, or by interruption of the supply by any other operating means for controlling the contactor opening. The contactor 10 can provide control and overload protection for an electric motor (not shown), and a large number of opening and closing operations. The opening speed of the contacts 18, 20, 22, derived from the force of the spring 40, is relatively low, which limits the breaking capacity of the contactor 10.

L'invention consiste à associer au contacteur standard 10 un déclencheur électrodynamique 58 du type décrit dans le brevet français No 2 357 048. Le boîtier moulé 60 du déclencheur électrodynamique 58 est accolé et fixé par des vis (non représentées) au boîtier 12 du contacteur 10. Un percuteur allongé 62 s'étend et est mobile dans la direction de déplacement de l'équipage mobile 34, 28, 22 du contacteur 10, en traversant des orifices alignés 64 ménagés dans les boîtiers 12, 160. L'extrémité du percuteur 62, interne au boîtier 60, porte un disque conducteur 66, disposé en regard d'un bobinage 68 encastré dans un support fixe 70. L'extrémité opposée du percuteur 62 est disposée en regard et coopère avec un butée 72 portée par l'armature 34. L'ensemble est agencé de telle manière qu'en position attirée de l'armature 34 et de placage du disque 66 sur le bobinage 68 il ne subsiste qu'un faible jeu entre la butée 72 et le percuteur 62.The invention consists in associating with the standard contactor 10 an electrodynamic trip device 58 of the type described in French patent No 2 357 048. The molded case 60 of the electrodynamic trip device 58 is attached and fixed by screws (not shown) to the case 12 of the contactor 10. An elongated striker 62 extends and is movable in the direction of movement of the movable assembly 34, 28, 22 of the contactor 10, passing through aligned orifices 64 formed in the housings 12, 160. The end of the striker 62, internal to the housing 60, carries a conductive disc 66, disposed opposite a coil 68 embedded in a fixed support 70. The opposite end of the striker 62 is disposed opposite and cooperates with a stop 72 carried by the frame 34. The assembly is arranged in such a way that in the attracted position of the armature 34 and of placing the disc 66 on the coil 68 there remains only a slight clearance between the stop 72 and the striker 62.

Le bobinage 68 est branché à une batterie de condensateurs 74 avec interposition d'un contact 76. Le circuit de charge des condensateurs 74 n'est pas représenté sur les figures. La fermeture du contact 76 déclenche une décharge des condensateurs 74 dans le bobinage 68 et une répulsion par effet Thomson du disque 66, qui entraîne dans son déplacement le percuteur 62. Un bloc de commande 78 du contact 76 est relié à un transformateur de courant 56 pour provoquer la fermeture du contact 76 lors d'une détection d'un courant de court-circuit par le transformateur de courant 56.The winding 68 is connected to a capacitor bank 74 with the interposition of a contact 76. The charging circuit of the capacitors 74 is not shown in the figures. The closing of the contact 76 triggers a discharge of the capacitors 74 in the winding 68 and a Thomson repulsion of the disc 66, which drives the striker 62 in its movement. A control unit 78 of the contact 76 is connected to a current transformer 56 to cause the contact 76 to close when a short-circuit current is detected by the current transformer 56.

Le verrou, figuré par une targette coulissante 80, interfère en position active avec la trajectoire de déplacement du disque 66 pour verrouiller ce dernier en position de répulsion correspondant à l'ouverture des contacts du contacteur, consécutivement à un court-circuit. Le verrou 80 peut être actionné de l'extérieur du boîtier 60 et ne peut venir en position active qu'en position répulsée du disque 66 et d'ouverture du contacteur. Il confirme cette ouverture et assure le sectionnement.The lock, represented by a sliding bolt 80, interferes in the active position with the path of movement of the disc 66 to lock the latter in repulsion position corresponding to the opening of the contacts of the contactor, following a short circuit. The latch 80 can be actuated from outside the housing 60 and can only come into the active position in the repulsed position of the disc 66 and the opening of the contactor. It confirms this opening and ensures the sectioning.

Le verrouillage en position ouvert peut être réalisé par tout autre dispositif que celui figuré en 80, notamment par un verrouillage de l'axe 62.Locking in the open position can be achieved by any device other than that shown at 80, in particular by locking the pin 62.

Le contacteur selon l'invention fonctionne de la manière suivante:

  • Dans la position fermée du contacteur, représentée à la fig. 1, la bobine 38 excitée maintient l'équipage mobile 34, 28, 22 en position attirée de fermeture des contacts 18, 20, 22. Le contacteur peut être ouvert par désexcitation de la bobine 38 au moyen d'une commande manuelle. La fermeture est commandée par le bouton-poussoir 52 de la manière susmentionnée. Au cours de ce fonctionnement normal du contacteur, le déclencheur électrodynamique 58 n'intervient pas.
The contactor according to the invention operates as follows:
  • In the closed position of the contactor, shown in fig. 1, the energized coil 38 keeps the moving element 34, 28, 22 in the attracted position for closing the contacts 18, 20, 22. The contactor can be opened by de-energizing the coil 38 by manual control. The closure is controlled by the push button 52 in the aforementioned manner. During this normal operation of the contactor, the electrodynamic trip device 58 does not intervene.

Une ouverture sur court-circuit est commandée par le transformateur de courant 56, qui voit le défaut et engendre par l'intermédiaire de la commande 78 une fermeture du contact 76. Les condensateurs 74 se déchargent dans le bobinage 68 et le disque 66 est répulsé énergiquement par effet Thomson. Dans ce déplacement, le percuteur 62 frappe la butée 72 avec une force suffisante à l'arrachement de l'armature 34 de la culasse 36. L'équipage mobile 34, 28, 22 se déplace rapidement en position d'ouverture des contacts 18, 20, 22 en provoquant simultanément l'ouverture du contact 44 d'auto-alimentation et la désexcitation de la bobine 38. Le ressort 40 maintient les contacts 18, 20, 22 en position ouvert. Ce mouvement d'ouverture est ultra-rapide et intervient avant toute tentative d'ouverture par désexcitation de la bobine 38. L'action électrodynamique du déclencheur 58 vainc l'attraction électromagnétique de l'armature 34. L'ouverture rapide des contacts 18, 20, 22 confère au contacteur un pouvoir de coupure lui permettant d'assumer la fonction de disjoncteur. La fermeture du contacteur s'effectue normalement par enfoncement du bouton-poussoir 52. Le déclencheur électrodynamique 58 peut aussi servir de commande d'ouverture rapide à distance.An opening on short-circuit is controlled by the current transformer 56, which sees the fault and generates by means of the command 78 a closing of the contact 76. The capacitors 74 discharge in the winding 68 and the disc 66 is repelled energetically by Thomson effect. In this movement, the striker 62 strikes the stop 72 with sufficient force to tear off the frame 34 of the cylinder head 36. The movable assembly 34, 28, 22 moves rapidly in the position of opening of the contacts 18, 20, 22 by simultaneously causing the opening of the self-supply contact 44 and the de-excitation of the coil 38. The spring 40 maintains the contacts 18, 20, 22 in the open position. This opening movement is ultra-rapid and occurs before any attempt to open by de-energizing the coil 38. The electrodynamic action of the trigger 58 overcomes the electromagnetic attraction of the armature 34. The rapid opening of the contacts 18, 20, 22 gives the contactor breaking capacity allowing it to assume the function of circuit breaker. The contactor is normally closed by depressing the push button 52. The electrodynamic trip device 58 can also serve as a quick remote opening command.

L'endurance du contacteur n'est pas affectée par la commande d'ouverture rapide qui intervient seulement en cas de court-circuit et exceptionnellement.The endurance of the contactor is not affected by the rapid opening command, which intervenes only in the event of a short circuit and exceptionally.

L'équipage mobile 34, 28, 22 du contacteur peut être verrouillé en position d'ouverture des contacts 18, 20, 22 par le verrou 80, qui s'engage sous le disque 66 répulsé. Un ressort (non représenté), sollicitant l'ensemble disque 66, percuteur 62 en position répulsée, facilite l'engagement du verrou 80. La position d'enfoncement du verrou 80 confirme et signale le sectionnement.The moving element 34, 28, 22 of the contactor can be locked in the open position of the contacts 18, 20, 22 by the latch 80, which engages under the repelled disc 66. A spring (not shown), urging the disc 66, striker 62 in repulsed position, facilitates the engagement of the lock 80. The position in which the lock 80 is pressed confirms and signals the cutting.

Il est facile de voir que le déclencheur électrodynamique peut être associé à un contacteur standard sans modification notable de ce dernier et que l'invention est applicable à différents types de contacteurs, notamment à rémanence.It is easy to see that the electrodynamic trip device can be associated with a standard contactor without significant modification of the latter and that the invention is applicable to different types of contactors, in particular with remanence.

L'invention est nullement limitée au mode de mise en oeuvre plus particulièrement décrit.The invention is in no way limited to the mode of implementation more particularly described.

Claims (8)

1. An electromagnetic contactor having a contactor unit comprising:
- a coil (38) energizing a magnetic core (36),
- a movable armature (34) cooperating with said core,
- a contact carrier (28) secured to said armature (34),
- a stationary contact (18, 20) cooperating with a movable contact (22) supported by said contact carrier (28), said contacts coming into engagement with each other in the closed circuit position and being maintained in this position upon energization of coil (38) and attraction of said armature (34) towards the magnetic core (36),
- bias means (40) urging the assembly comprising armature (34) and contact carrier (28) towards the opened circuit position upon deenergization of said coil,
- electromagnetic opening means operating a fast opening of the movable contact upon the occurrence of a fault current, more particularly a short circuit current, so as to move the assembly armature (34) and contact carrier (28) against the electromagnetic attraction force developed between armature and core, characterized in that the fast opening means comprises an electrodynamic trip device (58) housed within an enclosure (60) so as to constitute an independent module which may be joined side by side to the contactor unit (10), said trip device (58) comprising:
- a control winding (68),
- a movable conductive disc (66) arranged near and in front of a winding (68) face,
- and a striker (62) secured to said disc (66) so as to cooperate with a conjugate member (72) of the assembly armature (34) and contact carrier (28) of the contactor unit (10) upon energization of winding (68) ensuring an electrodynamic repulsion of the disc (66) towards the opened circuit position.
2. Contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that said armature (34) is maintained in the attracted position upon energization of said coil (38), an auxiliary selfholding contact (44) being opened when the assembly armature and contact carrier is moved towards the opened circuit position so as to interrupt the supply of said coil, and to confirm the opening.
3. Contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that said armature (34) is maintained in the attracted position by a remanent magnetization.
4. Contactor according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that said contact carrier (28) is slidable and supports a contact bridge member (22) cooperating with a pair of stationary contacts (18, 20).
5. Contactor according to any one of the previous claims, including a manual opening mechanism which cancels the attraction force of the armature, said bias means moving the assembly armature and contact carrier towards the opened circuit position, characterized in that it comprises a short circuit current detector (56) actuating said electrodynamic trip device (58) so as to open the contactor independently of said manual opening mechanism.
6. Multipole contactor according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that said armature (34), said contact carrier (28) and said electrodynamic trip device (58) are common to the different poles.
7. Contactor according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that a latch member (80) of said assembly armature (34), contact carrier (28), locks said assembly in the opened circuit position so as to ensure a disconnecting of the contactor.
8. Contactor according to claim 7, characterized in that said latch member (80) cooperates with said striker (62) of the electrodynamic trip device (58).
EP80400424A 1979-04-09 1980-03-31 Contactor with rapid opening in the event of a fault Expired EP0017575B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7909123 1979-04-09
FR7909123A FR2454174A1 (en) 1979-04-09 1979-04-09 CONTACTOR WITH FAST OPENING FAULT CONTROL

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0017575A1 EP0017575A1 (en) 1980-10-15
EP0017575B1 true EP0017575B1 (en) 1983-07-20
EP0017575B2 EP0017575B2 (en) 1989-09-06

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EP80400424A Expired EP0017575B2 (en) 1979-04-09 1980-03-31 Contactor with rapid opening in the event of a fault

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US (1) US4292611A (en)
EP (1) EP0017575B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS55157838A (en)
DE (1) DE3064197D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2454174A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6258095B2 (en) 1987-12-04
FR2454174B1 (en) 1982-01-08
EP0017575B2 (en) 1989-09-06
JPS55157838A (en) 1980-12-08
FR2454174A1 (en) 1980-11-07
EP0017575A1 (en) 1980-10-15
DE3064197D1 (en) 1983-08-25
US4292611A (en) 1981-09-29

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