EP0014919A1 - Method for treating textiles in jet-dyeing devices - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for treating strand-like textile material with gaseous and / or liquid treatment agents in jet dyeing systems, the jet being loaded with the line of goods and its movement in the system using a gas stream, in particular steam, directed from nozzles onto the fiber material under excess pressure. The gas and liquid flow can alternate or be combined for the drive. The process is particularly suitable for isothermal dyeing in front of strand-like textiles with heat-fixable dyes using the pull-out technique.

Description

The present invention relates to the treatment of strand-like textile material made from natural or synthetic fibers or from mixtures of such fibers, with gaseous and / or liquid treatment agents in jet dyeing plants, the textile material to be treated being introduced into a pressure-tight sealable container, in circulation there in endless form sets and at least during the course of the treatment operation, during which the treatment agent is circulated in the same direction and thus acts on the textile material.

Such processes are well known in the textile industry. The main feature of this working technique is that the treatment liquor is circulated in the dyeing apparatus in such a way that it is applied tangentially via one or more nozzles to the textile material that has been combined into a strand and passed past the nozzles, and thus the strand by means of its kinetic energy also set in motion. The result is a circulation of the strand, similar to a reel runner, but here the movement of the goods is not caused by the reel train, but by the liquor circulation and the liquor pressure generated in the nozzles.

From DE-OS 2 659 086 a method is known in which, in addition to the liquid flow causing the movement of the textile material, a gas flow acts on the flow system goods / liquid via an additional nozzle in order to cause the liquid containing a foam-forming agent to foam . A better distribution of the liquid in the product line is expected.

In all these known treatment processes using the dyeing jet, the transport of the textile goods is bound by the zone of action to the presence of treatment liquid (liquor), ie also the introduction of the textile material into the apparatus itself, which also takes place via the nozzles, presupposes the presence of liquid in the system. Until now, dry loading of the jet with the fiber material was not possible. In certain cases, especially if a pretreatment of the goods has already been carried out continuously or if such a pretreatment is completely dispensed with for reasons of rationalization, in dyeing practice there is a need to drin the strand-like textile material in a jet dyeing plant without using a liquid treatment bath.

Likewise, when many dyeing and other treatment processes are carried out in jet dyeing systems, it is found to be disadvantageous that the flow of goods is drained from another fleet during the draining of the treatment liquor and the filling of leather. with each bath change, even if only for a short time, must be interrupted or only maintained with purely mechanical means (reels, rollers). In addition, an impairment of the performance of such known procedures is also seen in the fact that the filling of the dyeing jet with the pretreatment liquor, including the simultaneous drawing in of goods, and the subsequent heating of the textile material by means of steam to the dyeing temperature require separate work steps.

Finally, in all of these known processes, the goods can naturally only be heated via the fleet itself.

The object of the present invention is therefore to enable goods to be transported into or within the system in the case of jet systems which are not or only insufficiently filled with treatment liquid. Such a case is with Wet treatment operations are particularly relevant when a very short fleet ratio is desired.

This object is achieved in that the kinetic energy, which is transferred tangentially in the direction of travel to the textile material upon impact of a gas flowing out of a nozzle or a combination of nozzles under excess pressure, for transporting the strand of goods into or through the system.

In accordance with the principle of the present invention, to use a gas flow as a drive means for the strand-like textile material, the difficulties which arise during the transport of goods solely by means of a liquid are surprisingly overcome.

Due to the spraying of the product line with gas in jet dyeing systems according to the invention, it is now possible to load the system with the textile goods even without liquid, i.e. without the involvement of a pretreatment bath with an empty jet system. For the use according to the new method, the fiber material to be treated can therefore be in a dry or moist state. In many cases, flowing water vapor is advantageously used as the gas, which means that when the dyeing tank is loaded, the same is vented and the fabric and the nozzle piece dyeing system are heated up evenly and quickly in accordance with the steam temperature. The subsequent treatments in the liquid media can then be carried out isothermally by introducing the treatment liquors at the temperature of the warmed-up textile material. Unnecessary cooling in the intermediate stages of the individual process steps can thus be avoided and necessary reheating avoided.

A particularly valuable application of the method according to the invention relates to hot application fixable dyes according to the pull-out method and consists in placing the textile material to be dyed in a dyeing tank, venting it there by steaming and - after sealing this tank from the surrounding atmosphere - heating it to about dyeing temperature by means of steam, then the entire dyeing liquor at about dyeing temperature and, with the help of excess pressure acting on the liquor, is filled into the closed and steam-filled dyeing tank and thus brought into contact with the textile material, and finally the circulation of the dyeing liquor and the circulation of the textile material is carried out under isothermal conditions. By partially or completely operating the jet nozzle (s) with gas, usually steam, it is possible to produce each piece color according to the so-called Rapidcolor principle.

In other cases, air or, where the oxygen contained in it should interfere, nitrogen can be used as a propellant to start or stop the flow of goods.

After the filling process of the dyeing tank with treatment liquor has ended, the textile goods can now continue to move with both the treatment liquor and the gas stream. In general, in the method according to the invention, in the course of the wet treatment operation, the goods are conveyed by means of a gas flow and by means of the liquor circulation by means of a circulation pump. In addition to one
Such additional or sole spraying of the strand-like textile material with gas, it is possible to mechanically support the circulation of goods in the jet system at the same time by a driven roller or a roller system.

Due to the measures described above as well as special measures that improve the To ensure sliding properties of the textile material on the container bottom, it is now possible according to the invention to carry out the treatment process in a very short liquor ratio.

Increased lubricity of the material to be dyed is achieved by guiding the textile material over a multitude of round rods, polygonal rods or lath-shaped profiles arranged parallel to the direction of the flow above the container base.

The smooth surface condition of the above-mentioned sliding devices, made of heat-resistant synthetic material, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, promotes an even distribution of the goods entering the store and their further transport and thus prevents a locally undesirable compression of the textile material. The outer diameter of the profiles can be 0.5 to 5 cm, advantageously 1.5 to 3 cm. The arrangement of the sliding device described is generally carried out 1 to 10 cm above the base of the dyeing tank, but this distance is irrelevant for carrying out the method according to the invention.

The lateral spacing of the bars or profiles from one another is chosen in such a way that, depending on the nature of the strand-like textile goods, the goods are guided securely. It is expediently 1 to 3 cm and can be adapted to the requirements.

The precautions according to the method according to the invention furthermore allow the treatment bath to be drained and refilled under isothermal and, if not necessary, non-isothermal conditions at temperatures below or above 100 ° C. with simultaneous further circulation of material by transport of the textile goods by means of gas flow. This measure also leads to a considerable reduction in the total treatment time. Undesired downtimes are avoided.

In addition, such a process control enables for the first time several heat treatment steps, possibly even under high temperature conditions, without the goods standing still and without intermediate cooling of the textile material. In the intermediate stages of the process, Dadurgh is able to continue transporting goods without liquor and without heat loss. In such a case, the goods are expediently carried out according to the different process stages, optionally by gas and / or liquid flow. This variant has a particularly advantageous effect, for example, in the alkalization processes of textile goods made of polyester fibers or threads and subsequent dye treatment.

Another advantage of the new method of working results in dyeing processes for woven goods that contain textured polyester threads, whereby the risk of wrinkles and breakage is significantly reduced by optimal shrinkage initiation. According to the method, the advantages are still present if the subsequent treatment after the first treatment bath is not isothermal.

The terms familiar to the person skilled in the art, jet dyeing system, dyeing apparatus, etc., should be understood in the context of the process according to the invention in such a way that the relevant ones Devices such treatment operations can also be carried out for the finishing of the textile material, where instead of dyes other finishing agents permanently left on the goods are applied. However, processes that only serve to prepare goods or post-treatment, primarily washing processes, can also be carried out according to the new principle.

The following examples are only intended to show the possibilities offered by the new process, without restricting it in any way.

example 1

In a nozzle dyeing plant of known design, dry knitwear made of textured polyester fiber material is run in strand form, the goods being transported by a steam flow from the nozzle system at a set steam pressure of 1.5 bar overpressure (about 128 ° C.) and mechanical support by a driven roller he follows.

After the loading process _E is finished, the fiber material is sewn together in such a way that an endless strand of goods is created. The dyeing jet's inlet opening is then closed and the textile material is circulated again using a further steam flow (conditions as above). The condensate accumulating in the lower part of the dyeing tank is drained off and collected for further use. The effect of the steam increases the temperature of the textile material circulating to about that of the steam that is pressed in, and the dyeing container itself fills with steam of the same temperature.

in Form einer wäßrigen Dispersion enthält und die auf einen pH-Wert von etwa 4,5 eingestellt ist, aus einem geschlossenen Ansatzgefäß über die Düsen gegen den vorhandenen Dampfdruck(Kondensation) in den Färbebehälter einströmen. Durch die einströmende Flotte wird der Transport des Warenstranges fortgesetzt und nach Abschluß des Füllvorganges durch Flottenumwälzung mittels der Zirkulationspumpe weitergeführt. Während dieser Behandlungsphase wird die Dampfeinleitung gedrosselt. Mit der eingepreßten Flotte wird nun bei zügiger Umwälzung das im Umlauf befindliche Textilgut bei einem Flottenverhältnis von 1:5,5-während 20 Minuten bei etwa 130°C gefärbt.After this 10-minute treatment for heating the textile material, with the aid of compressed air, an aqueous dye liquor which is about 130 ° C. and which, based on the weight of the goods, contains 0.25% of the disperse dye of the formula

contains in the form of an aqueous dispersion and which is adjusted to a pH of about 4.5, flow from a closed batch vessel through the nozzles against the existing vapor pressure (condensation) into the dyeing tank. Due to the inflowing fleet, the transport of the strand of goods is continued and, after the filling process has been completed, is continued by circulating the fleet by means of the circulation pump. The introduction of steam is throttled during this treatment phase. With the press-in liquor, the circulating textile material is now dyed at a liquor ratio of 1: 5.5 for 20 minutes at about 130 ° C. with rapid circulation.

The fleet is then drained via the HT drain. The further transport of the textile goods is increasingly taken over by the steam of the nozzles in accordance with the progressive emptying of the dyeing apparatus. The first rinse liquor, which is around 105 ° C., is then introduced into the system without a standstill. The steam supply to the nozzles is then switched off. The goods are now transported solely via the cooling fleet. At about 80 ° C, the commonly used amounts of sodium hydroxide, hydrosulfite and auxiliary agents for carrying out the reductive cleaning are introduced into the bath. After a running time of about 10 minutes under these conditions, this liquor is drained off again and the aftertreatment is ended by rinsing with warm (approx. 50 ° C.) and cold water.

The result is a completely level red color on the knitwear.

Example 2

70 kg of dry cotton jersey in strand form are run into a jet dyeing plant, the goods being transported by a steam stream from the jet system at a set steam pressure of 1 bar gauge pressure (about 120 ° C.) and at the same time by the treatment liquor which is also flowing through the jets. This heats up to 30 ° C and wets the paint through the mechanical action of steam and water flow.

After the loading process, the flow through the nozzles is interrupted and the knitted fabric is sewn together in such a way that an endless strand of goods is produced. The jet system is then vented by briefly operating the nozzles with steam alone. The dyeing jet's inlet opening is then closed and the textile material is circulated again using a further steam flow (conditions as above) and circulation of the treatment liquor until the temperature of the liquor has reached 60 ° C.

• 1 g/1 eines Seqnestriermittels auf Basis Ätiiylendiamintetraessigsaurem Natrium,
• 20 cm³/1 Natronlauge 32,5 %ig und
• 2,5 g/l Natriumdithionit

During this process, the aqueous liquor is placed in the order given

• 1 g / 1 of a sequestering agent based on ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium,
• 20 cm ^3/1 sodium hydroxide solution of 32.5% strength and
• 2.5 g / l sodium dithionite

and then circulates the pretreatment bath for 5 minutes to distribute the substances. Then - based on the weight of the dry goods - 3% of the dye Vat Orange 7 (C.I. No. 71105), slurried in a little water at 40 ° C., is introduced into the dyeing jet.

With the liquor prepared in this way, the fiber material is dyed for 30 minutes at 60 ° C., the goods being transported exclusively through the circulating liquor.

After the dyeing time has elapsed, the liquor is drained, with steam from the conveying nozzles taking over the further transport of the textile material in accordance with the emptying of the apparatus. The colored goods are then rinsed by adding cold water. The rinsing is therefore seamless and without downtime.

The transport of goods by steam is maintained as long until there is enough water in the appliance and this alone can take over this function. As soon as this is the case, the steam supply to the nozzles is switched off.

The rinse water has now reached a temperature of 30 ° C. The coloration is now rinsed clear by adding cold water in the overflow. The water supply to the dyeing jet is then switched off, the water in the apparatus is heated to 30 ° C. and the addition of 2 cm ³ / l 33% strength hydrogen peroxide during a treatment of 10 minutes oxidizes the leuco compound applied to the fiber to the vat dye. The dyeing is then rinsed again without supply of cold water in the overflow.

After drying you get a level orange color of the jersey. The dyeing operation carried out here is distinguished by the following advantages: the seamless transition from one dyeing step to the other saves 20-30 minutes of dyeing time as a result of the measures according to the invention. Hydrosulfite consumption is reduced by approx. 10% compared to traditional methods.

Claims (11)

_1st Process for treating strand-like textile material made of natural or synthetic fibers or of mixtures of such fibers with gaseous and / or liquid treatment agents in jet dyeing plants, the textile material to be treated being placed in a pressure-tight sealable container, circulated there in endless form and at least holds in the course of the treatment operation, selecting, during which the treating agent is circulated in the same direction and so passes to the textile to act, characterized in that the kinetic energy which tangentially upon striking one of a nozzle or a _D ü _se or key combination outflowing pressurized gas is transferred to the textile goods in the direction of travel, for transporting the goods strand in _or used by the facility. _2nd Method according to Claim 1, characterized in _that the goods are mechanically supported by means of gas flow through a driven roller or a roller system. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid transport is supported by gas flow through the liquor circulation. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one continues the goods transport by means of gas flow during the draining and refilling of the treatment bath. ₅ . Process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transport of goods corresponding to the sub _s chiedlichen treatment stages either by gas and / or liquid flow takes place. 6. Process according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that air or nitrogen is used as the gas flowing out under excess pressure. 7. Process according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that water vapor is used as the gas flowing out under excess pressure. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that steam is used for the simultaneous venting of textile and dyeing containers and for heating them to about the temperature of a subsequent wet treatment operation. 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that steam is used at about the same temperature as that of a subsequent wet treatment operation. 10. The method according to claims 7 to 9, characterized in that an isothermal dyeing operation is carried out in accordance with the exhaust dyeing technique after the steam action on the textile material. 11. The method according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that with the help of gaseous and / or liquid treatment agents, several heat treatment operations are carried out without stopping and cooling the textile material in succession under isothermal conditions.