DE2521093A1 - Wet treatment of textile strip - over alternating roll guides through successive liquid partial treatments - Google Patents

Abstract

In the continuous treatment of moving strip matl., partic. textile strip, with treatment liqs. either for acting on the strips with chemicals for the transfer of substances, partic. dyestuffs, to the strips or for washing out substances, partic. excess treatment media or impurities, from the strip matl. to be treated, the strip of matl. passes according to its nature over alternating roll guides from top downwards or from the bottom upwards, through successive clearly sepd. from each other and superimposed liq. partial treatments, which consists of (a) a short term liq. action by means of a passage of the strip matl. through the treatment liq. of the part treatment, (b) a combined liq. action on the strip matl. and a heat treatment of the strip matl. in a hot gaseous medium, pref. steam, during a longer free guiding of the strip matl. with a high proportion of horizontal travel, and (c) an effective squeezing of the strip matl. before its entry into the next succeeding liq. part-treatment. Improved exchange action between the treatment liq. and the strip matl.

Description

Method and device for wet treatment, in particular for washing of moving webs.

The invention relates to a continuous method for treating current Web of goods, in particular of textile webs with treatment liquids, either for the action of chemicals, such as bleaching agents on the to be treated Tracks, for transferring substances such as dyes to the tracks, or for washing out substances, especially excess treatment agents or from contamination from the webs to be treated, known continuous processes for the treatment of liquids, in particular chemical treatments and washing treatments For running material webs or the like., Are predominantly designed so that the material web generally a series of liquid partial treatments connected in series in liquid treatment or washing compartments of various types (e.g. open or closed), with the material web during the individual partial treatments this is preferred over the top and lower guide rollers in substantially vertical arenführung happens. There are containers in the area of the lower rollers arranged with the respective treatment liquid, in which the impregnation of the With the treatment liquid, intensive direct action of the treatment liquid takes place on the web or the treatment agent from the treatment liquid on the web he follows. Above this container or the respective treatment liquid is the material web is guided in a variety of forms in free guidance, preferably in one closed space usually with additional heat treatment, in a gaseous medium, preferably in steam. Between the individual liquid partial treatments are mostly arranged Zwischenquetschwerke for squeezing liquid, their The task is to 1. initial separations of the treatment fluids of the shepherds other liquid or chemical treatments of various types, especially when changing chemical treatments and washing treatments (so-called Bath separations) and 2. with targeted countercurrent guidance of the material web and treatment liquid an undesirable runback due to several partial treatments or recirculation of higher amounts of treatment liquid on the material web to prevent.

The disadvantage of these treatment designs is that the Interactions between the treatment fluids and the web to be treated, preferred in the free tours, is only imperfect. On the one hand arise during the preferably only vertical web guides only less effective tangential Relative currents between those running down the vertically guided paths Treatment liquid and the material web. The respective The core of the web of material is difficult to grasp by the treatment. On the other hand, too the in itself so important contribution to the hustauschxfirkung of the treatment agents Squeezing works kept limited, as this depends heavily on the nature of the respective concentration distribution the treatment agent between the one surface, the core and the other surface depends on the material web.

For recently known ones, preferably used for washing treatment Devices, these disadvantages should first be avoided in that the Material webs, preferably in horizontal product guides, over laterally arranged Rows of guide rollers, preferably from bottom to top, passed through the treatment are preferred, while the treatment or washing liquids of the material web are preferred be guided by spraying during the now emphasized horizontal guidance.

If, in one implementation, there is already a targeted high proportion of effects - however, at greatly increased treatment temperatures - by pushing it through more intensely aimed at the treatment liquid through the web at the deflection guides The treatments on these devices have significant disadvantages in that there are restrictions on these treatment elements during the free guides only with a very strong dependence on the tension of the goods and on the running speeds (centrifugal effects at the deflections) can be reached, that the respective washing effects are extremely dependent on the respective Operating speed and that here a simple adaptation to different Operating conditions is difficult to do; on the other hand that targeted oil treatments in individual, different liquid quantities regardless of a certain longer flow of treatment liquid and The web of material cannot be set at all so that there are no clear separations either and zones of treatments with different from each other limited in their guide length separate liquids with different treatment agents. The latter is also not possible by simple squeezing or stripping provided without specific assignments to clear liquid treatment sections will.

The present invention is intended to solve the problem Advantages of the diverse design options for liquid treatments of various types, i.e. of chemical exposure treatments, of treatment agent application or transfer treatments from liquids and also from washout treatments known type, each of which 1. from a passage through the treatment liquid with full soaking, 2. a free passing of the soaked path through a preferably hot gaseous medium and 3. targeted squeezing with effective Bath separation with particularly high proportions of horizontal or almost horizontal Goods guides before the introduction to the next soaking with the same or new treatment liquid exists to combine under optimal conditions. On the one hand, the greatest possible circulation of the treatment liquid should be achieved between the liquid bath impregnation and the liquid bath separation by the squeezing off with the aim of a special increase in the much and to be treated Fold exchange of effects between the treatment liquid and the a) one greatly increased passage of portions of the treatment liquid through to treating web, b) greatly increased surface exposure due to the relatively strong increased amounts of liquid, c) multiple effects of the same proportions of liquid on the path through the circulation superimposed on the simple passage (pilgrim step effect) among others can be achieved.

On the other hand, a special increase in the exchange effect between Treatment liquid and material web through a particularly effective interaction preferred by the respective treatment liquid passage through the web during their horizontal guidance of the goods and the squeezing off of the treatment liquid can be achieved in the squeezing units of the individual handling sections.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that, in a method of the type mentioned, the material web1, depending on the type of treatment, from top to bottom or from bottom to top, in the case of chemical exposure and transfer of treatment agents, preferably with treatment co-flow guides, i.e. from top to bottom, and at Scouring treatments preferably with treatment agent countercurrent flow, i.e. from down to the top, in a manner known per se, via corresponding vertical change roller guides but in addition, one after the other, clearly separated from one another by pinches, one above the other arranged liquid "goes through partial treatments, each for itself 1. from a short-term pure liquid action by means of a run the material web through the treatment liquid accumulated in a container, 2. an intensive heat treatment during a longer free tour with high horizontal guide components in a hot gaseous medium and 3. an effective one Squeezing of the material web before entering the subsequent liquid treatment consists. It should be free during the heat treatment of the web in the longer Guides with, compared to the previously known, particularly high horizontal guiding proportions an effective passage of a large proportion of the material from the passage treatment liquid entrained by the treatment liquid through the Material line take place. Furthermore, the resulting from the squeezing of the material web Part of the treatment liquid running - in a manner known per se - the beginning the treatment in the section which it, as it were, closes, can be returned to.

After careful research, it was found that in the process according to the present invention is more effective and meaningful, with a larger Number of treatment sections arranged one above the other with then each also shorter partial treatment times than previously with horizontally arranged treatment sections to work. This in turn allows for the larger number of bathroom separations with simpler, i.e.

easier pinch-offs to work with. Has proven to be very profitable with regard to the operating costs of the treatments and the investment costs of the Devices proved if, for example, about a third of the total in wash-out treatments washing liquor flowing through in countercurrent as reverse current the washing liquor in the next treatment section of the web through the squeezing units let through with the web v: iri.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dyeing treatment is intended the web in treatments with aqueous treatment fluids in per se known Kind at the boiling point of the treatment liquid can be made to yourself to make use of the fact that the surface tension of aqueous liquids in the range of the boiling temperature drops almost to zero, making it the liquid is made possible to pass through the web more easily, since the resistances are extremely low. The treatment room through which the web is passed should preferably be filled with superheated, air-free steam, the boiling temperature on the web with certainty during the entire treatment to maintain or even a low boiling of the treatment liquid on the goods to effect. Have temperatures of the superheated steam of about 110 to 125 ° C proved to be particularly useful. In this way there will be treatment effects which is otherwise only reached at saturation temperatures at higher temperatures than 1000C on the material web1 i.e. at overpressure above atmospheric pressure in the treatment Let water vapor reach.

In a device for performing the method in which in in a manner known per se in one except for one entry and one exit slot two rows on top of each other for the closed housing for the web to be treated horizontal guide rollers are arranged which, depending on the type of treatment, from top to bottom or from bottom to top alternately in approximately horizontal guidance run through should preferably be the one series as special combined guide and impregnation rollers with containers for receiving the treatment liquid be provided.

To ensure effective guidance of the material web through the liquid container he and the impregnation to achieve should in an advantageous embodiment before or an additional guide roller in the inlet of each liquid container be provided in such a way that the material web largely from above into the in the container located liquid runs in and that by means of this guide roller an additional Splatsch application of treatment liquid is achieved on the web.

Before each new impregnation is done: an effective squeezing provided at the end of each treatment section, which are still on the web remaining excess treatment liquid in the respective just passed through Treatment section returns. In general, it has proven to be particularly beneficial proven when impregnating rollers, saddle rollers and squeegee rollers are used at the same time Goods guide rollers are used.

In the most essential application of the new process, it has proven to be The best solution proved to be the individual treatment sections in groups of 3 to 8 sections to be arranged one above the other and to a larger treatment compartment in summarize a common housing. The free guide rollers for the web on one side of the entire fabric guide can advantageously be used as regulating rollers are executed1 via which the tension of the material web when guided by the Treatment can be adjusted to optimal values.

Since when guiding the web of material through the treatment, in particular at higher treatment speed (1 bit., parts of the treatment liquid of the web are thrown out of the area of the web guide or could run out of this, should in a known manner guide plates for the Guide this treatment liquid can be provided through which the liquid is returned to the desired treatment areas in a targeted manner.

It can also be useful to make the aforementioned guide plates horizontal To expand partitions that contain only slots for the passage of the web. In this way, individual treatment sections can advantageously be separated from one another will. Individual treatments or treatment fluids can then be even better be delimited from each other. Also can have different treatment conditions E.g. different treatment temperatures can be set sensibly.

On the basis of the accompanying drawings, on which a schematic representation Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention with the special configurations of the individual treatment sections, in particular the Executions of the impregnations, the free guiding of goods and the pinches and 2 shows a modified embodiment of such a device with intermediate deflections show the web, the invention will be explained in more detail below.

On one, to maintain the boiling temperature in the treatment room to ensure, provided with an insulation housing 10, is a Entry and exit chutes 11 and 12 with non-contact guides for the web to be treated 13. The slots should be suitable, known per se Way be designed so that through the entry slot and through the exit slot the penetration of air and the escape of steam from the treatment room as much as possible is prevented at the upper part of the rehabilitation room a connection 21 for the Supply of gaseous treatment medium.1 e.g.

Steam, especially superheated steam, from about 110 to 1250C be attached to the medium through distribution pipes over the entire treatment room equally distributed.

In the treatment room are now, essentially. vertically one above the other arranged a series of double rollers 14 and 17 and a series of simple rollers 15, which the web in the example shown from bottom to top in predominantly horizontal guide passes through. Those arranged in the left row in the drawing Rollers 14 are of shell-shaped housings 16 for receiving the treatment liquid surround..

So that the longest possible immersion path is achieved with a relatively small container is, are in front of the rollers 14 still special. Guide rollers 17 arranged, the one Introduce the web largely from above into the container 16 and at the same time serve for an additional splash impregnation. The right reels 15 are all or partly displaceably mounted in order to adjust the web tension with them to be able Before the inflow to the respective new impregnation, turn. in front of the rollers 17 and 14, the roller pairs 18 and 19 are arranged, which both guide the material web 13 serve as well as the squeezing of the web in each case the enema in the subsequent renewed soaking of liquid in the soaking container 16. On the housing wall, in particular in the area of the deflections on the rollers 15 in many ways known baffles 20 attached, through which the deflection The treatment liquid thrown off the material web in a meaningful way is led back to. Such baffles can of course also be used be provided on the side of the material web on the housing. It can also be about horizontal partitions 28 are combined with the baffles 20 so that largely separate treatment rooms are created for the material line, ###################################### ## ############################################# The treatment liquid arrives through supply lines 22 resp.

29, if for example with two differently composed liquids is to be worked into the liquid housing 16.

The one in the individual treatment sections after the run Any excess liquid remaining in or on the web is drained through the trays 23 and caught by means of guide tubes 24 arranged to the side of the material web returned to the liquid container 16 preceding in the direction of movement of the goods.

The treatment process now takes place as follows from the start. First, the temperature of the treatment liquid and the temperature in the treatment room heated to the boiling point of the preferably aqueous treatment agent.

The web 13 runs through the lock 11 into the treatment room and is fed to a deflecting roller 26 via an infeed roller 25. Of this it occurs over a first guide roller 17 in the container 16 located in the liquid Liquid and is soaked with it.

It runs over the roller 14 via a further guide roller 19 the deflection roller 15. From there it passes between the nip rollers that act here Rolls 18, 19 through to the guide roll 17 of the next treatment section. This process is repeated as often as there are treatment sections. Finally, the web of material is passed through the exit slot via a discharge roller 27 12 led out of the treatment room.

The management of the treatment liquid in the individual treatment sections is indicated in the drawings by arrows. The one received in the container 16 from the web Treatment liquid occurs on the way from the roller 14 to the roller 19 to a considerable part through the material web (see arrows), with their treatment effect exerts, and arrives at the track section below, where it becomes effective again is and also partially passes through the path and thereby in a preceding one Treatment section, as well as partially returned to the container 16. It A fleet cycle is thus created with the return of significant portions of the fleet in the preceding treatment areas, from which they can be accessed through the web 13 itself or through guide tubes 24 back into the already traversed, fen treatment area to be led back. There is therefore a significant circulation according to the invention of the fleet in the so-called controlled pilgrimage step.

In the treatment area between the rollers 18 and 19 and the deflection rollers 15 the liquid located on the web occurs between roller 19 and roller 15 through the web to the section below (see arrows), where it also exerts a treatment effect again. The train is now there between the rollers 18 and 19 passed through and rubbed off. The squeezed liquid is then fed back, as previously described, into the preceding liquid housing 16. Part of the treatment, liquid is passed through the rollers 15 through the web pushed through to the other side of the web and then reaches the area seen in the running direction, behind the rollers 15 also in the sections between the Rolls 18 and 19 and 15 thus creates a fleet cycle in the pilgrimage step, as described above, one that results in extremely good utilization the treatment liquor leads in the respective treatment section, with uncontrolled Mixing liquor between adjacent treatment sections by effective Pinching by the rollers 18 and 19 can be largely avoided. Through partitions 28 and additional liquid feeds 29 can largely be separated from one another create separate treatment areas.

The execution of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 2 differs differs from that of FIG. 1 mainly in that instead of the simple deflection of the web 13 between two successive impregnations in dränkbehältenl16 not only performed a simple deflection of the web of material on the deflection rollers 15 is, but an additional return of the web with redirection to deflection rollers 32.

A considerable enlargement can thus be achieved with little effort reach the goods filling in the treatment device or a reduction of technical effort - less impregnation tank 16 with guide rollers 14 and squeezing units 18, 19 - with the same goods filling, as the comparison of Figures 1 and 2 is easy reveals.

Between ie 2 deflections of the web are in the Fi. 2 still ###### stripping rollers 30 in the middle of the goods guides for Tr;! Nnb W4iSkiwhenach- Barter treatment areas are provided and in front of the deflection rollers 32 there are ##### stripping edges 31 with deflection plates for returning the treatment liquid stripped off with the material web in front of the roller 32 into the preceding impregnation container. The flow of liquid is again indicated by arrows in the various treatment areas in FIG. 2. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the guide roller 17 provided in FIG. 1 can be omitted, since one of the two nip rollers, namely roller 18, here immediately takes over the guiding of the web to the guide roller 14 located in the impregnation container 16.

Claims (11)

Claims 1. Process for the continuous treatment of moving webs, especially of textile webs, with treatment fluids, either for action of chemicals on the webs to be treated, for the transfer of substances, in particular of dyes on the webs, or for washing out substances, in particular of excess treatment agents or of impurities from those to be treated Web, characterized in that the web to be treated, depending on the type of treatment Via interchangeable roller guides from top to bottom or from bottom to top, one after the other Liquid partial treatments that are clearly separated from one another and arranged one above the other passes through, each of which a) mediates from a brief exposure to liquid a run of the web through the treatment liquid of the partial treatment, b) a combined action of liquid on the material web and a heat treatment the web in a hot gaseous. Medium, preferably water vapor, during a longer free guidance of the web with a high proportion of horizontal guidance and c) an effective squeezing off of the web of material before it enters the subsequent one Liquid partial treatment exist. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that by targeted increased entrainment of treatment fluid from the fluid accumulation at the beginning each partial treatment in the combined liquid exposure and heat treatment in a hot gaseous medium during prolonged free guidance1 through a corresponding increased quantitative squeezing in the respective Section squeezing mechanism and by returning this squeezed treatment liquid in the respective area of the entry of the Ma material web into the partial treatment a significantly increased circulation of the treatment liquid in the direction of travel of the material web takes place in the respective sub-sections that make up the overall run superimposed on the treatment liquid. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the combined liquid and heat treatment of the web in airless steam in the The boiling temperature of the treatment liquid takes place. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the Treatment takes place during the free web guidance in overheated medium and that in the case of treatments with aqueous treatment liquids, the temperature of the superheated gaseous treatment medium is about 110 to 125 ° C. 5. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 to 4, in which in one but one entry and one exit slot for the to be treated web closed housing two rows one above the other Guide rollers or guide roller group (i4 and 17) with containers (16) for receiving the treatment liquid is provided and that in each case before the inlet into the container (16) arranged to take up the treatment liquid effective squeezing devices' are. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the squeezing devices from squeezing and fabric guide rollers (18, 19) are combined. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 and 6, characterized in that an additional guide roller (17) is provided in front of each liquid container (16) is. 8. Apparatus according to claim 5 to 7, characterized in that the guide roller pairs (14 and 17) with the liquid containers (16) on one Side of the goods guide are attached one above the other. 9. Apparatus according to claim 5 to 8, characterized in that selected guide rollers for the web (19) designed as tension control rollers are. 10. Apparatus according to claim 5 to 9, characterized in that on the walls of the housing (10), preferably in the area of the free guide rollers Guide plates (20) are provided for guiding sprayed treatment liquid are. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that baffles (20) with horizontal slots for the web of material (13) to pass through to irenn walls are formed between two treatment sections.