EP0011552B1 - Marine propeller with foldable blades - Google Patents

Marine propeller with foldable blades Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011552B1
EP0011552B1 EP19790400834 EP79400834A EP0011552B1 EP 0011552 B1 EP0011552 B1 EP 0011552B1 EP 19790400834 EP19790400834 EP 19790400834 EP 79400834 A EP79400834 A EP 79400834A EP 0011552 B1 EP0011552 B1 EP 0011552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propeller
blades
propeller shaft
tip
connecting member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790400834
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0011552A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Arati
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FRANCE HELICES
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FRANCE HELICES
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Publication date
Application filed by FRANCE HELICES filed Critical FRANCE HELICES
Publication of EP0011552A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011552A1/en
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Publication of EP0011552B1 publication Critical patent/EP0011552B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/20—Hubs; Blade connections
    • B63H1/22—Hubs; Blade connections the blades being foldable
    • B63H1/24—Hubs; Blade connections the blades being foldable automatically foldable or unfoldable

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative aux hélices marines à pales repliables, c'est-à-dire aux hélices marines dont les branches peuvent occuper, soit une position de repos pour laquelle les pales sont repliées dans le prolongement de l'arbre porte-hélice, soit une position active pour laquelle les pales sont déployées transversalement par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice.The invention relates to marine propellers with folding blades, that is to say to marine propellers whose branches can occupy either a rest position for which the blades are folded in the extension of the propeller shaft, or an active position for which the blades are deployed transversely relative to the propeller shaft.

Dans de telles hélices, montées généralement sur des voiliers à moteur auxiliaire intérieur, le passage des pales de leur position de repos à leur position active est provoqué par la mise en rotation de l'arbre porte-hélice (mise en rotation qui engendre, sur chaque pale, une force centrifuge) et le passage des pales de leur position active à leur position de repos est provoqué par l'avancement du bateau (avancement qui engendre, sur chaque pale, une force de trainée).In such propellers, generally mounted on sailboats with an internal auxiliary motor, the blades move from their rest position to their active position is caused by the rotation of the propeller shaft (rotation which generates, on each blade, a centrifugal force) and the passage of the blades from their active position to their rest position is caused by the advancement of the boat (advancement which generates, on each blade, a drag force).

A cet effet, les pales de l'hélice sont articulées par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice autour d'un axe transversal et on conçoit alors qu'il faut prévoir un mécanisme de synchronisation entre chaque pale pour éviter toute dissymétrie de l'hélice au cas où une (ou plusieurs) pale resterait coincée entre sa position de repos et sa position active.To this end, the blades of the propeller are articulated with respect to the propeller shaft around a transverse axis and it is therefore conceivable that a synchronization mechanism must be provided between each blade to avoid any asymmetry of the propeller in case one (or more) blade remains trapped between its rest position and its active position.

On a déjà proposé des mécanismes de synchronisation du mouvement des pales qui sont constitués par des dispositifs à secteurs dentés ou par des dispositifs à biellettes comme décrit, par exemple, respectivement dans les brevets US-A-2,500,382 et DE-C-712 934 qui ont tous deux trait à des hélices d'aérodyne.Mechanisms for synchronizing the movement of the blades have already been proposed, which are constituted by devices with toothed sectors or by connecting rod devices as described, for example, in the patents US-A-2,500,382 and DE-C-712,934 respectively. both relate to aerodyne propellers.

Cependant, ces mécanismes de synchronisation présentent divers inconvénients, notamment en ce qui concerne leur complexité, leur manque de protection par rapport aux coquillages et/ou à la végétation sous-marine, leur tendance à se coincer, leur encombrement lorsque les pales occupent leur position de repos.However, these synchronization mechanisms have various drawbacks, in particular with regard to their complexity, their lack of protection with regard to shells and / or underwater vegetation, their tendency to get stuck, their size when the blades occupy their position. rest.

L'invention a précisément pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients.The object of the invention is precisely to remedy these drawbacks.

L'hélice à pales repliables conforme à l'invention comporte au moins deux pales articulées par rapport à un arbre porte-hélice, les susdites pales pouvant évoluer entre deux positions (position de repos et position active), et un mécanisme de synchronisation du mouvement des pales pour synchroniser leur mouvement de débattement entre leurs deux susdites positions, ce mécanisme de synchronisation comprenant une pièce de liaison montée coulissante axialement par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice et coopérant avec chacune des pales de l'hélice, cette hélice étant caractérisée en ce que les pieds des pales de l'hélice sont logés dans une fente axiale de l'extrémité de l'arbre porte-hélice et sont articulés, par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice, par l'intermédiaire d'un seul axe transversal.The propeller with folding blades according to the invention comprises at least two blades articulated with respect to a propeller shaft, the aforementioned blades being able to move between two positions (rest position and active position), and a movement synchronization mechanism. blades for synchronizing their movement of movement between their two aforementioned positions, this synchronization mechanism comprising a connecting piece slidably mounted axially with respect to the propeller shaft and cooperating with each of the blades of the propeller, this propeller being characterized in that the feet of the propeller blades are housed in an axial slot in the end of the propeller shaft and are articulated, relative to the propeller shaft, by means of a single transverse axis.

De préférence, les pales de l'hélice sont agencées de façon à être jointives lorsqu'elles occupent leur position de repos.Preferably, the propeller blades are arranged so as to be contiguous when they occupy their rest position.

On conçoit alors qu'on dispose d'une hélice qui présente les avantages suivants:

  • - l'hélice est de construction simple puisqu'elle comporte un seul axe transversal de pivotement alors que les hélices selon l'art antérieur comportaient généralement un axe de pivotement par pale;
  • - le mécanisme de synchronisation de l'hélice est bien protégé (surtout lorsque les pales de l'hélice sont jointives lorsqu'elles occupent leur position de repos) contre les coquillages et/ou la végétation sous-marine puiseque ce mécanisme peut être logé dans les pieds de pales et dans l'arbre porte-hélice ou dans son embout qui peut être agencé pour constituer un moyeu d'hélice;
  • ­-l'hélice présente des caractéristiques de fiabilité éliminant pratiquement toute tendance à se coincer;
  • - l'hélice présente un encombrement très faible en position de repos;
  • - l'helice comporte deux pales d'un seul type;
  • - les moyens de blocage de l'axe trans- verasl autorisant le pivotement des pales de l'hélice peuvent être réalisés très simplement;
  • - la construction de l'hélice est simplifiée, notamment en raison du fait qu'il est prévu un seul axe de pivotement;
  • - il est possible de réaliser toutes les pièces constitutives de l'hélice en un même matériau, ce qui permet d'éviter les couples électrolytiques (il convient de noter que cette possibilité n'était pas toujours réalisable avec les mécanismes connus jusqu'à ce jour qui étaient plus complexes et qui impliquaient la réalisation de pièces en matériau résistant, tel par exemple que l'acierinoxydable),
  • - la réalisation des pièces constitutives de l'hélice est simplifiée du fait que la totalité de ces pièces peut venir directement de fonderie avec un minimum d'usinage; on peut donc obtenir un prix de fabrication réduit.
We can therefore see that we have a propeller which has the following advantages:
  • - The propeller is of simple construction since it has a single transverse pivot axis while the propellers according to the prior art generally included a pivot axis per blade;
  • - the propeller synchronization mechanism is well protected (especially when the propeller blades are contiguous when they occupy their rest position) against shells and / or underwater vegetation since this mechanism can be housed in the blade feet and in the propeller shaft or in its endpiece which can be arranged to constitute a propeller hub;
  • the propeller has reliability characteristics which virtually eliminate any tendency to get stuck;
  • - The propeller has a very small footprint in the rest position;
  • - the propeller comprises two blades of a single type;
  • the means for blocking the transverse axis allowing the blades of the propeller to pivot can be made very simply;
  • - The construction of the propeller is simplified, in particular because of the fact that there is only one pivot axis;
  • - it is possible to make all the constituent parts of the propeller in the same material, which makes it possible to avoid electrolytic couples (it should be noted that this possibility was not always achievable with the mechanisms known until which were more complex and which involved the production of parts made of resistant material (such as stainless steel),
  • - The production of the component parts of the propeller is simplified by the fact that all of these parts can come directly from the foundry with a minimum of machining; we can therefore obtain a reduced manufacturing price.

Il résulte de ces avantages qu'on dispose d'une hélice dont les pales se présentent toujours symétriquement par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice, ce qui évite tout risque de balourd particul-ièrement gênant lorsque l'hélice est entrainée en rotation par l'arbre porte-hélice.It follows from these advantages that there is a propeller whose blades are always symmetrically with respect to the propeller shaft, which avoids any risk of unbalance particularly annoying when the propeller is rotated by the propeller shaft.

L'invention consiste, mise à part la disposition principale dont il vient d'être question, en certaines autres dispositions qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement parlé ci-après.The invention consists, apart from the main arrangement which has just been mentioned, in certain other arrangements which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.

L'invention sera, de toute façon, mieux comprise à l'aide du complément de description qui suit ainsi que des dessins ci-annexés, lesquels complément et dessins sont relatifs à un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention et ne comportent aucun caractère limitatif.

  • La fig. 1, de ces dessins, est une vue en coupe axiale d'une hélice établie conformément à l'invention, les pales de cette hélice étant montrées en position active.
  • La fig. 2 montre la même hélice dans les mêmes conditions mais les pales dans leur position de repos.
  • La fig. 3 est une coupe selon III―III fig. 1.
The invention will, in any case, be better understood with the aid of the additional description which follows as well as of the appended drawings, which supplement and drawings relate to a preferred embodiment of the invention and have no character. limiting.
  • Fig. 1, of these drawings, is an axial sectional view of a propeller established in accordance with the invention, the blades of this propeller being shown in the active position.
  • Fig. 2 shows the same propeller under the same conditions but the blades in their rest position.
  • Fig. 3 is a section on III ― III fig. 1.

L'hélice montrée sur les fig. 1 à 3 comporte deux pales 1 et 2 qui peuvent occuper,

  • -soit une position de repos (fig. 2) pour laquelle les pales 1 et 2 sont repliées dans le prolongement de l'arbre porte-hélice 3,
  • - soit une position active (fig. 1) pour laquelle les pales 1 et 2 sont déployées transversalement par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice 3.
The propeller shown in figs. 1 to 3 has two blades 1 and 2 which can occupy,
  • -or a rest position (fig. 2) for which the blades 1 and 2 are folded in the extension of the propeller shaft 3,
  • - either an active position (fig. 1) for which the blades 1 and 2 are deployed transversely relative to the propeller shaft 3.

Les pales 1 et 2 de l'hélice sont articulées par rapport à l'arbre porte-hélice 3 autour d'un axe transversal 4 coopérant avec un embout 3a porté par cet arbre porte-hélice 3.The blades 1 and 2 of the propeller are articulated relative to the propeller shaft 3 around a transverse axis 4 cooperating with a nozzle 3a carried by this propeller shaft 3.

Cet embout peut être agencé pour constituer un moyeu d'hélice.This tip can be arranged to constitute a propeller hub.

A cet effet et comme montré clairement sur la fig. 3, l'embout 3a de l'arbre porte-hélice 3 présente, à son extrémité, une fente axiale 5 dans laquelle viennent se loger respectivement les deux pieds de pales 1 a et 2a des deux pales 1 et 2.For this purpose and as clearly shown in FIG. 3, the end piece 3a of the propeller shaft 3 has, at its end, an axial slot 5 in which the two blade feet 1a and 2a of the two blades 1 and 2 are housed respectively.

Un mécanisme de synchronisation, désigné d'une façon générale par le chiffre de référence 6, est prévu entre chacune des deux pales 1 et 2 pour éviter toute dissymétrie de l'hélice au cas où l'une de ses deux branches resterait coincée entre sa position de repos et sa position active.A synchronization mechanism, generally designated by the reference numeral 6, is provided between each of the two blades 1 and 2 to avoid any asymmetry of the propeller in the event that one of its two branches remains trapped between its rest position and its active position.

Ce mécanisme de synchronisation 6 est constitué par une pièce de liaison 7 montée coulissante axialement dans l'embout 3a de l'arbre porte-hélice 3.This synchronization mechanism 6 is constituted by a connecting piece 7 slidably mounted axially in the end piece 3a of the propeller shaft 3.

Cette pièce de liaison 7 coopère avec chacune des pales 1 et 2 de l'hélice, respectivement par une liaison à pion 8 et gorge 9 pour ce qui est de la pale 1, et à pion 10 et gorge 11 pour ce qui est de la pale 2.This connecting piece 7 cooperates with each of the blades 1 and 2 of the propeller, respectively by a connection to pin 8 and groove 9 in the case of blade 1, and to pin 10 and groove 11 in terms of blade 2.

Cette pièce de liaison 7 comporte une partie rétrécie 7a guidée dans un logement de forme correspondante 12 ménagé dans l'embout 3a de l'arbre porte-hélice 3 au-delà de la fente 5 que présente ledit embout.This connecting piece 7 has a narrowed portion 7a guided in a correspondingly shaped housing 12 formed in the end piece 3a of the propeller shaft 3 beyond the slot 5 presented by said end piece.

Cette pièce de liaison 7 comporte une partie large 7b située entre les deux pieds de pales 1 et 2a.This connecting piece 7 has a wide portion 7b located between the two blade feet 1 and 2a .

Cette partie large 7b comprend les deux gorges 9 et 11 avec lesquelles coopèrent respectivement les pions 8 et 10.This wide part 7b comprises the two grooves 9 and 11 with which the pins 8 and 10 cooperate respectively.

Ces deux pions 8 et 10 sont portés,

  • - pour le pion 8, par le pied de pale 1 a de la pale 1,
  • ― et, pour le pion 10, par le pied de pale 2a de la pale 2.
These two pawns 8 and 10 are carried,
  • - for pin 8, by blade root 1a of blade 1,
  • - And, for the pin 10, by the blade root 2a of the blade 2.

Au point de vue simplicité de construction, il est avantageux que l'axe transversal 4 s'étende à travers les parties de l'embout 3a de l'arbre porte-hélice 3 situées de part et d'autre de la fente 5, à travers les deux pieds de pales 1 a et 2a des pales 1 et 2, ainsi qu'à travers la pièce de liaison 7.From the point of view of simplicity of construction, it is advantageous for the transverse axis 4 to extend through the parts of the end piece 3 a of the propeller shaft 3 located on either side of the slot 5, through the two blade feet 1a and 2a of the blades 1 and 2, as well as through the connecting piece 7.

Ceci étant et pour autoriser le coulissement de cette pièce de liaison, celle-ci est munie d'une lumière 13 allongée axialement entourant l'axe transversal 4.This being the case, and in order to allow this connecting piece to slide, it is provided with a light 13 axially elongated surrounding the transverse axis 4.

De façon en soi connue, l'embout 3a de l'arbre porte-hélice 3 est rendu solidaire de ce dernier par un emmanchement conique 14 et un écrou 15.In known manner, the end piece 3a of the propeller shaft 3 is made integral with the latter by a conical fitting 14 and a nut 15.

De préférence et comme il a déjà été indiqué ci-dessus, les pales 1 et 2 de l'hélice sont agencées de façon à être jointives lorsqu'elles occupent leur position de repos (fig. 2).Preferably and as already indicated above, the blades 1 and 2 of the propeller are arranged so as to be contiguous when they occupy their rest position (fig. 2).

Claims (7)

1. A marine propeller with collapsible blades, comprising at least two blades (1, 2) articulated relative to a propeller shaft (3), the blades being adapted to move between two positions (inoperative and operative positions), and a mechanism (6) for synchronising the movement of the blades, to synchronise their transfer movement (debattement) between their two positions, the synchronising mechanism comprising a connecting member (7) which is mounted to slide axially relative to the propeller shaft (3) and which co-operates with each of the blades (1, 2) of the propeller, characterised in that the feet (1 a, 2a) of the blades (1, 2) of the propeller are housed in an axial slot (5) in the end of the propeller shaft (3) and are articulated relative to the propeller shaft (3) by means of one transverse spindle (4).
2. The propeller of claim 1, characterised in that the end of the propeller shaft (3) is formed by a tip (3a), which has the transverse spindle (4) co-operating with it and which is designed to form the propeller boss.
3. The propeller of claim 2, characterised in that the connecting member (7) of the synchronising mechanism (6) is mounted so as to slide within the tip (3a) of the propeller shaft (3).
4. The propeller of claim 3, characterised in that the connecting member has a narrowed portion (7a) guided in a matching recess (12), which is formed in the tip (3a) of the propeller shaft (3) beyond the slot (5) in the tip, and a wide portion (7b) extending between the feet (1 a, 2a) of the two propeller blades.
5. The propeller of claim 4, characterised in that the wide portion (7b) of the connecting member (7) contains two grooves (9, 11) with two pegs (8, 10) respectively co-operating with them, the pegs each being carried by the feet (1 a, 2a) of the two propeller blades.
6. The propeller of any of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the transverse spindle (4) extends through the parts of the tip (3a) of the propeller shaft located on both sides of the slot (5) in the tip, through the feet (1 a, 2a) of the two propeller blades, and through the connecting member (7), which is provided with an aperture (13) elongated in an axial direction and surrounding said transverse spindle (4).
7. The propeller of any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the blades (1, 2) of the propeller are designed to lie edge to edge when they are in the inoperative position.
EP19790400834 1978-11-08 1979-11-08 Marine propeller with foldable blades Expired EP0011552B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7831593A FR2440869A1 (en) 1978-11-08 1978-11-08 IMPROVEMENTS TO MARINE PROPELLERS WITH FOLDABLE BLADES
FR7831593 1978-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0011552A1 EP0011552A1 (en) 1980-05-28
EP0011552B1 true EP0011552B1 (en) 1983-10-19

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ID=9214614

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790400834 Expired EP0011552B1 (en) 1978-11-08 1979-11-08 Marine propeller with foldable blades

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0011552B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2966338D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2440869A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6972956B2 (en) 2003-01-16 2005-12-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Collapsible fan and system and method incorporating same

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE411631C (en) * 1924-06-13 1925-03-28 Hellmuth Hirth Auxiliary propeller for gliders
DE712934C (en) * 1936-07-01 1941-10-29 Hermann Dorner Dipl Ing Double-bladed propeller with blades that can be pivoted into the rotating axis of the screw
US2500382A (en) * 1945-07-20 1950-03-14 Elton H Rowley Folding propeller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6972956B2 (en) 2003-01-16 2005-12-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Collapsible fan and system and method incorporating same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2440869B1 (en) 1981-12-31
FR2440869A1 (en) 1980-06-06
DE2966338D1 (en) 1983-11-24
EP0011552A1 (en) 1980-05-28

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