EP0004865B1 - Wind sifter - Google Patents

Wind sifter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004865B1
EP0004865B1 EP79100767A EP79100767A EP0004865B1 EP 0004865 B1 EP0004865 B1 EP 0004865B1 EP 79100767 A EP79100767 A EP 79100767A EP 79100767 A EP79100767 A EP 79100767A EP 0004865 B1 EP0004865 B1 EP 0004865B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
sifting
channels
air
delivery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79100767A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0004865A3 (en
EP0004865A2 (en
Inventor
Josef Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wessel
Manfred Müller
Otto Heinemann
Norbert Bredenhöller
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ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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Krupp Polysius AG
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Publication of EP0004865A2 publication Critical patent/EP0004865A2/en
Publication of EP0004865A3 publication Critical patent/EP0004865A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air classifier, comprising a rotor, which is centrally loaded with visible material, with star-shaped visible material feed channels and with suction openings arranged between the visible material feed channels, and further comprising at least one suction housing arranged in an axial extension of the rotor and connected to the suction openings of the rotor , where sifting air flows through the space between adjacent sifting material feed channels essentially from the outside inwards and together with the fine material enters the suction housing through the suction openings of the rotor, while the coarse material is flung outwards.
  • a wind sifter of the type mentioned above is described for example in DE-B-2 225 258. Compared to other known designs, it is characterized above all by a significantly higher throughput rate with the same diameter, a relatively simple structural design and a high degree of selectivity.
  • the rotor essentially consists of two cover disks, between which a number of ribs are arranged in a star shape, which form the material feed channels.
  • One of the two cover disks is provided in the area between adjacent visible material feed channels with openings which represent the suction openings of the rotor through which the fine air enters the stationary suction housing arranged under the rotor.
  • the space located between the outer end of the material feed channels and the suction openings mentioned is thus axially limited in the known embodiment by a cover plate of the rotor.
  • Said outer ring area of the lower cover disk of the rotor according to DE-B-2 225 258 is inevitably subject to a certain amount of wear during operation, both on its upper side that delimits the flow of visible material and on its underside, which together with the opposite fixed wall of the Suction housing forms a sealing gap.
  • a wind sifter is also known (US Pat. No. 2,968,401), the rotor of which is loaded with visible material from outside at one point on the circumference.
  • the fine material flows together with the classifying air through the rotor from the outside inwards and is discharged through a suction housing arranged in a fixed axial extension of the rotor, while the coarse material fails in the space surrounding the rotor.
  • the winged outer part of the rotor is bounded towards the top by a fixed wall of the suction housing, which extends radially outwards beyond the circumference of the rotor.
  • a major disadvantage of this known classifier lies in the highly uneven distribution of the visible material that is fed in only at one peripheral point over the rotor circumference. Due to the wall of the suction housing which extends far beyond the rotor circumference and which limits the space between the rotor blades and the space outside the rotor, through which fine material and sifting air flow, there is also a very uneven distribution of the sifting air flowing in from below over the axial height the viewing area (ie the area around the circumference of the rotor). In the known sifter, both influences lead to a vehemently poor selectivity of the sighting.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a wind sifter of the type mentioned at the outset while maintaining its basic advantages (in terms of throughput, structure and selectivity) in such a way that the wear problems in the outer area of the rotor are reduced, the mentioned problem of setting the sealing gap between the rotor and the suction housing is eliminated and finally the free flow cross-section for the classifying air is increased while the overall dimensions of the classifier remain the same.
  • the already existing fixed flange of the suction housing thus replaces part of the invention (namely the one cover plate) of the rotor and takes over the function of this rotor part to limit the flow path of classifying air and fine material axially towards the side of the suction housing.
  • the elimination of this wearing part considerably simplifies maintenance.
  • the fixed flange of the suction housing does not protrude outward beyond the rotor. Rather, this fixed flange of the suction housing and the base plate of the rotor, which axially delimit the space through which fine material and sifting air flows between adjacent sifting air supply channels, have an outer circumference, close to which the sifting material supply channels end.
  • this outer circumference i.e. in the actual viewing zone, a very even distribution of the viewing air over the axial height of the viewing area is achieved. Together with the even distribution of the material to be viewed over the circumference of the rotor, this ensures a high degree of selectivity of the sighting.
  • the wind sifter illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3 in the elements essential for understanding the invention contains a central rotor 2 which is supplied with visible material from above via a feed tube 1 and a suction housing 3 which is arranged in an axial extension of the rotor above this.
  • the rotor 2 driven from below via a shaft 4, carries on a base plate 5 a number of visible air supply channels 7, 7a, 7b etc., which run in a star shape to the outside and whose axis 8 is directed to an outer area of the central visible material task 1) adjoins horizontal imaginary circle 9 tangentially.
  • the feed channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. are inclined backwards in the direction of rotation of the rotor (arrow 10).
  • the visible material feed channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. are formed by hollow profile parts 11 which are closed on all sides (cf. FIG. 3).
  • the fixedly arranged suction housing 3 has on the side facing the rotor 2 in the outer region a flange 12 which covers the outer ring zone of the rotor 2.
  • the inner edge 13 of the suction housing 3 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the visible material that is fed into the rotor 2 via the pipe 1 is thrown outwards by the rotary movement of the rotor in the visible material supply channels 7, 7a, 7b (arrows 15) and is captured by the visual air when leaving these visual material supply channels. which is sucked in from the outside (arrows 16). While the coarse material (arrow 17) is thrown outwards, the classifying air detects the fine material (arrows 18) and takes it into the flow space between adjacent classifying material feed channels. The part of this flow space initially penetrated by the sifting air and the fine material is limited at the top by the flange 12 of the stationary suction housing 3.
  • the space located between the outer end of the visible material supply channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. and the suction openings 9 between adjacent visual material supply channels on the side facing the suction housing 3 is closed by a fixed element, namely by the flange 12 of the suction housing limited.
  • the visible material feed channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. end close to the outer circumference of the base plate 5 of the rotor 2 or the flange 12 of the suction housing 3.
  • the elongation of the visible material feed channels thus achieved results in a better resolution and acceleration of the material to be viewed, which enables the rotor speed to be reduced with the same visual effect.
  • an enlargement of the outer circumference of the suction openings 19 and thus an enlargement of the critical flow cross section for the classifying air are achieved in this way.
  • Fig. 4 shows a modified embodiment of a visible material feed channel 7 ', which is open on one side, approximately C-shaped ges hollow profile 20 is formed.
  • the rotor moves in the direction of arrow 21; the open side of the hollow profile 20 thus hurries ahead in the direction of rotation of the rotor.
  • the visible material is held and guided outward by the Coriolis force in the feed channel 7 ' during its movement in the feed channel 7'.
  • Such an open design of the visible material feed channels is characterized by a high level of operational reliability (avoidance of any blockages) and particularly low wear.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment with the visual air being extracted downwards.
  • the suction housing 33 is arranged here under the rotor 32.
  • This rotor 32 essentially contains a central spreading plate 34, a conical hood 35 and a number of star-shaped visible material feed channels 37, which are formed by straight or curved, closed or open hollow profile parts.
  • the suction openings 39 of the rotor lie along an imaginary conical surface, the tip of which points from the suction housing 33 to the rotor 32. 5 that it results in a particularly favorable air distribution and a particularly smooth, turbulence-free inflow of the visible air (arrows 40) into the suction housing 33.
  • the uniformity of the air flow improves the selectivity.
  • the inclination of the conical hood 35 corresponds to the inclination of the conical surface mentioned, along which the suction openings 39 are arranged; however, it is understood that the inclination of the conical hood 35 can also be smaller; it is also possible to form the upper boundary surface of the rotor 32 by a flat disk lying perpendicular to the rotor axis. In this case, the cross section of the material feed channels widens from the inside to the outside.
  • the space between adjacent visible material feed channels between the outer end of the visible material feed channels 37 and the suction openings 39 is delimited by a flange 42 of the stationary suction housing 33. 5 can also be modified such that the lower edge of the material feed channels in the outer region and thus also the flange 42 run horizontally.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which a suction housing 53 or 53a is arranged on both sides of the rotor 52.
  • the rotor 52 which is driven from below via a shaft 54, bears on a base plate 55 which also serves as a spreading plate, a number of star-shaped feed material channels 57 which, as in the exemplary embodiments explained above, run in a straight line or curved manner and can be formed by open or closed hollow profile parts.
  • the space between the outer end of the material feed channels 57 and the suction openings 59 and 59a is delimited on the top and bottom of the rotor by a flange 62 and 62a of the suction housing 53 and 53a.
  • the visual air (arrows 63) is extracted upwards and downwards.
  • the hollow profile parts forming the visible material feed channels can be produced from extruded profile material. This is particularly expedient in the case of a straight line of the visible material feed channels (cf. FIG. 2), since in this case the visible material feed channels can be produced by simply cutting off strand material.
  • the profile parts forming the visible material feed channels can also be made of plastic, provided that sufficient temperature resistance and wear resistance are guaranteed.
  • plastic profile parts can be reinforced on the surfaces exposed to increased wear.
  • the ratio H / D is expediently chosen between 1: 4 and 1:15, preferably between 1: 7 and 1:12.
  • the ratio H: D is expediently between 1: 2 and 1:10, preferably between 1: 3.5 and 1: 7.
  • Another modification of the invention is to slightly incline the outer mouth of the material feed channels with respect to the classifier axis, so that the edge of this mouth facing away from the suction opening lies on a somewhat smaller diameter than the mouth edge facing the suction opening. This achieves a compensation for the somewhat uneven flow velocity of the air at a higher duct height (slightly larger near the suction opening than on the side facing away from the suction opening), which leads to an increase in the selectivity.
  • the visible material feed channels are curved and incline backwards in the direction of rotation of the rotor. Due to the curved arrangement, the desired visual fineness can be achieved at a lower speed; one also achieves a maximum exit angle of the material with respect to the radius vector, which improves the efficiency of the sighting.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Windsichter, enthaltend einen zentral mit Sichtgut beschickten Rotor mit sternförmig nach aussen verlaufenden Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen sowie mit zwischen den Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen angeordneten Absaugöffnungen, ferner enthaltend wenigstens ein in axialer Verlängerung des Rotors ortsfest angeordnetes, an die Absaugöffnungen des Rotors anschliessendes Absauggehäuse, wobei Sichtluft den zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen befindlichen Raum im wesentlichen von aussen nach innen durchströmt und zusammen mit dem Feingut durch die Absaugöffnungen des Rotors in das Absauggehäuse eintritt, während das Grobgut nach aussen geschleudert wird.The invention relates to an air classifier, comprising a rotor, which is centrally loaded with visible material, with star-shaped visible material feed channels and with suction openings arranged between the visible material feed channels, and further comprising at least one suction housing arranged in an axial extension of the rotor and connected to the suction openings of the rotor , where sifting air flows through the space between adjacent sifting material feed channels essentially from the outside inwards and together with the fine material enters the suction housing through the suction openings of the rotor, while the coarse material is flung outwards.

Ein Windsichter der vorstehend genannten Art ist beispielsweise in der DE-B-2 225 258 beschrieben. Er zeichnet sich gegenüber anderen bekannten Ausführungen vor allem durch einen wesentlich höheren Sichtgut-Durchsatz bei gleichem Durchmesser, einen verhältnismässig einfachen konstruktiven Aufbau und eine hohe Trennschärfe aus.A wind sifter of the type mentioned above is described for example in DE-B-2 225 258. Compared to other known designs, it is characterized above all by a significantly higher throughput rate with the same diameter, a relatively simple structural design and a high degree of selectivity.

Bei der in der DE-B-2 225 258 beschriebenen Ausführung besteht der Rotor im wesentlichen aus zwei Deckscheiben, zwischen denen eine Anzahl von Rippen sternförmig angeordnet sind, die die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle bilden. Die eine der beiden Deckscheiben ist im Bereich zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen mit Durchbrüchen versehen, die die Absaugöffnungen des Rotors darstellen, durch die die Sichtluft mit dem Feingut in das unter dem Rotor angeordnete ortsfeste Absauggehäuse eintritt. Der zwischen dem äusseren Ende der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle und den genannten Absaugöffnungen befindliche Raum wird somit bei der bekannten Ausführung durch die eine Deckscheibe des Rotors axial begrenzt.In the embodiment described in DE-B-2 225 258, the rotor essentially consists of two cover disks, between which a number of ribs are arranged in a star shape, which form the material feed channels. One of the two cover disks is provided in the area between adjacent visible material feed channels with openings which represent the suction openings of the rotor through which the fine air enters the stationary suction housing arranged under the rotor. The space located between the outer end of the material feed channels and the suction openings mentioned is thus axially limited in the known embodiment by a cover plate of the rotor.

Der genannte äussere Ringbereich der unteren Deckscheibe des Rotors gemäss DE-B-2 225 258 unterliegt im Betrieb zwangsläufig einem gewissen Verschleiss, und zwar sowohl auf seiner den Sichtgut-Strömungsraum begrenzenden Oberseite als auch an seiner Unterseite, die zusammen mit der gegenüberstehenden ortsfesten Wand des Absauggehäuses einen Dichtspalt bildet. Mit zunehmendem Rotor-Durchmesser wird ferner die Einhaltung des gewünschten Dichtspaltes in konstruktiver Hinsicht zunehmend schwieriger.Said outer ring area of the lower cover disk of the rotor according to DE-B-2 225 258 is inevitably subject to a certain amount of wear during operation, both on its upper side that delimits the flow of visible material and on its underside, which together with the opposite fixed wall of the Suction housing forms a sealing gap. With increasing rotor diameter, it is also increasingly difficult to maintain the desired sealing gap from a design point of view.

Es ist weiterhin ein Windsichter bekannt (US-A-29 68 401), dessen Rotor an einer Stelle des Umfangs von aussen mit Sichtgut beschickt wird. Das Feingut durchströmt hierbei zusammen mit der Sichtluft den Rotor von ausen nach innen und wird durch ein in axialer Verlängerung des Rotors ortsfest angeordnetes Absauggehäuse abgeführt, während das Grobgut in dem den Rotor umgebenden Raum ausfällt. Der mit Flügeln besetzte äussere Teil des Rotors wird nach oben hin durch eine ortsfeste Wand des Absauggehäuses begrentz, die sich in radialer Richtung weit nach aussen über den Umfang des Rotors hinaus erstreckt.A wind sifter is also known (US Pat. No. 2,968,401), the rotor of which is loaded with visible material from outside at one point on the circumference. The fine material flows together with the classifying air through the rotor from the outside inwards and is discharged through a suction housing arranged in a fixed axial extension of the rotor, while the coarse material fails in the space surrounding the rotor. The winged outer part of the rotor is bounded towards the top by a fixed wall of the suction housing, which extends radially outwards beyond the circumference of the rotor.

Ein wesentlicher Nachteil dieses bekannten Sichters liegt in der höchst ungleichmässigen Verteilung des nur an einer Umfangsstelle zugeführten Sichtgutes über den Rotorumfang. Bedingt durch die weit über den Rotorumfang vorgezogene Wand des Absauggehäuses, die den von Feingut und Sichtluft durchströmten Raum zwischen den Rotorflügeln sowie den Raum ausserhalb des Rotors nach oben begrenzt, ergibt sich ferner eine sehr ungleichmässige Verteilung der von unten her zuströmenden Sichtluft über die axiale Höhe der Sichtzone (d.h. des Bereiches am Umfang des Rotors). Beide Einflüsse führen bei dem bekannten Sichter zu einer vehältnismässig schlechten Trennschärfe der Sichtung.A major disadvantage of this known classifier lies in the highly uneven distribution of the visible material that is fed in only at one peripheral point over the rotor circumference. Due to the wall of the suction housing which extends far beyond the rotor circumference and which limits the space between the rotor blades and the space outside the rotor, through which fine material and sifting air flow, there is also a very uneven distribution of the sifting air flowing in from below over the axial height the viewing area (ie the area around the circumference of the rotor). In the known sifter, both influences lead to a vehemently poor selectivity of the sighting.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Windsichter der eingangs genannten Art unter Beibehaltung seiner grundsätzlichen Vorzüge (bezüglich Sichtgut-Durchsatz, Aufbau und Trennschärfe) dahin weiterzuentwickeln, dass die Verschleissprobleme im äusseren Bereich des Rotors verringert werden, das erwähnte Problem der Dichtspalt-Einstellung zwischen Rotor und Absauggehäuse entfällt und schliesslich der freie Strömungs-Querschnitt für die Sichtluft bei gleichbleibenden Gesamtabmessungen des Sichters vergrössert wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a wind sifter of the type mentioned at the outset while maintaining its basic advantages (in terms of throughput, structure and selectivity) in such a way that the wear problems in the outer area of the rotor are reduced, the mentioned problem of setting the sealing gap between the rotor and the suction housing is eliminated and finally the free flow cross-section for the classifying air is increased while the overall dimensions of the classifier remain the same.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Kombination folgender Merkmale gelöst:

  • a) Der zwischen dem äusseren Ende der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle und den Absaugöffnungen befindliche, von Feingut und Sichtluft durchströmte Raum zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen wird auf wenigstens einer Seite axial durch einen die äussere Ringzone des Rotors überdeckenden ortsfesten Flansch des Absauggehäuses begrenzt;
  • b) die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle enden dicht am äusseren Umfang der Grundplatte des Rotors bzw. des Flansches des Absauggehäuses, die den von Feingut und Sichtluft durchströmten Raum zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen axial begrenzen.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by combining the following features:
  • a) The space between adjacent visual material supply channels, located between the outer end of the visual material supply channels and the suction openings and through which fine material and visual air flows, is axially delimited on at least one side by a fixed flange of the suction housing covering the outer ring zone of the rotor;
  • b) the material feed channels end close to the outer circumference of the base plate of the rotor or the flange of the suction housing, which axially delimit the space through which fine material and air is flowing between adjacent material feed channels.

Der ohnehin vorhandene ortsfeste Flansch des Absauggehäuses ersetzt somit erfindungsgemäss einen Teil (nämlich die eine Deckscheibe) des Rotors und übernimmt an Stelle dieses Rotorteiles die Funktion, den Strömungsweg von Sichtluft und Feingut axial zur Seite des Absauggehäuses hin zu begrenzen. Durch den Wegfall dieses Verschleissteiles ergibt sich eine beträchtliche Vereinfachung der Wartung.The already existing fixed flange of the suction housing thus replaces part of the invention (namely the one cover plate) of the rotor and takes over the function of this rotor part to limit the flow path of classifying air and fine material axially towards the side of the suction housing. The elimination of this wearing part considerably simplifies maintenance.

Vorteilhaft ist bei der erfindungsgemässen Lösung ferner, dass die Notwendigkeit entfällt, zwischen der dem Absauggehäuse zugewandten Seite des Rotors und dem Absauggehäuse einen Dichtspalt genau einzustellen. Für die angestrebte Leistungsvergrösserung wirkt sich schliesslich die durch den Wegfall der einen Rotordeckscheibe erzielte Vergrösserung des freien Sichtluft-Strömungsquerschnittes günstig aus.It is also advantageous in the solution according to the invention that there is no need between the one facing the suction housing Side of the rotor and the suction housing to set a sealing gap exactly. Finally, the enlargement of the free visible air flow cross section, which is achieved by eliminating one rotor cover disk, has a favorable effect on the desired increase in performance.

Im Unterschied zu der eingangs erläuterten bekannten Ausführung (gemäss US-A- 29 68 401) ragt beim erfindungsgemässen Windsichter der ortsfeste Flansch des Absauggehäuses nach aussen nicht über den Rotor vor. Dieser ortsfeste Flansch des Absauggehäuses sowie die Grundplatte des Rotors, die den von Feingut und Sichtluft durchströmten Raum zwischen benachbarten Sichtluft-Aufgabekanälen axial begrenzen, besitzen vielmehr einen äusseren Umfang, dicht an dem die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle enden. Dadurch wird im Bereich dieses äusseren Umfanges, d.h. in der eigentlichen Sichtzone, eine sehr gleichmässige Verteilung der Sichtluft über die axiale Höhe des Sichtraumes erreicht. Zusammen mit der gleichmässigen Verteilung des Sichtgutes über den Rotorumfang gewährleistet dies eine hohe Trennschärfe der Sichtung.In contrast to the known embodiment described at the outset (according to US Pat. No. 2,968,401), in the wind classifier according to the invention the fixed flange of the suction housing does not protrude outward beyond the rotor. Rather, this fixed flange of the suction housing and the base plate of the rotor, which axially delimit the space through which fine material and sifting air flows between adjacent sifting air supply channels, have an outer circumference, close to which the sifting material supply channels end. As a result, in the area of this outer circumference, i.e. in the actual viewing zone, a very even distribution of the viewing air over the axial height of the viewing area is achieved. Together with the even distribution of the material to be viewed over the circumference of the rotor, this ensures a high degree of selectivity of the sighting.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche und werden in Verbindung mit der Beschreibung einiger Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.Further features of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail in connection with the description of some exemplary embodiments.

In der Zeichnung zeigenShow in the drawing

  • Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der für die Erfindung wesentlichen Teile (Rotor und Absauggehäuse) eines erfindungsgemässen Windsichters;1 shows a vertical section through a first exemplary embodiment of the parts (rotor and suction housing) of an air classifier according to the invention which are essential for the invention;
  • Fig. 2 eine Teilaufsicht auf den Rotor gemäss Fig. 1;FIG. 2 shows a partial top view of the rotor according to FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie 111-111 der Fig. 2;Fig. 3 is a section along the line 111-111 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt durch ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Sichtgut-Aufgabekanales;4 shows a section through a modified exemplary embodiment of a visible material feed channel;
  • Fig. 5 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit längs einer Kegelfläche angeordneten Absaugöffnungen;5 shows a vertical section through an exemplary embodiment with suction openings arranged along a conical surface;
  • Fig. 6 einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Windsichters mit beidseitiger Absaugung.Fig. 6 is a vertical section through an embodiment of an air classifier according to the invention with bilateral suction.

Der in den Fig. 1 bis 3 schematisch in den zum Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elementen veranschaulichte Windsichter enthält einen zentralen von oben über ein Gutaufgaberohr 1 mit Sichtgut beschickten Rotor 2 und ein in axialer Verlängerung des Rotors über diesem ortsfest angeordnetes Absauggehäuse 3.The wind sifter illustrated schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3 in the elements essential for understanding the invention contains a central rotor 2 which is supplied with visible material from above via a feed tube 1 and a suction housing 3 which is arranged in an axial extension of the rotor above this.

Der von unten über eine Welle 4 angetriebene Rotor 2 trägt auf einer Grundplatte 5 eine Anzahl von Sichtluft-Aufgabekanälen 7, 7a, 7b usw., die sternförmig nach aussen verlaufen und deren Achse 8 an einen im äusseren Bereich der zentralen Sichtgut-Aufgabe (Rohr 1) liegenden, gedachten Kreis 9 tangential anschliesst. Die Gutaufgabekanäle 7, 7a, 7b usw. sind in Drehrichtung des Rotors (Pfeil 10) rückwärts geneigt.The rotor 2, driven from below via a shaft 4, carries on a base plate 5 a number of visible air supply channels 7, 7a, 7b etc., which run in a star shape to the outside and whose axis 8 is directed to an outer area of the central visible material task 1) adjoins horizontal imaginary circle 9 tangentially. The feed channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. are inclined backwards in the direction of rotation of the rotor (arrow 10).

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss den Fig. 1 bis 3 werden die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle 7, 7a, 7b usw. durch allseitig geschlossene Hohlprofilteile 11 gebildet (vgl. Fig. 3).In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, the visible material feed channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. are formed by hollow profile parts 11 which are closed on all sides (cf. FIG. 3).

Das ortsfest angeordnete Absauggehäuse 3 besitzt auf der dem Rotor 2 zugewandten Seite im äusseren Bereich einen Flansch 12, der die äussere Ringzone des Rotors 2 überdeckt. In Fig. 2 ist die Innenkante 13 des Absauggehäuses 3 gestrichelt angedeutet.The fixedly arranged suction housing 3 has on the side facing the rotor 2 in the outer region a flange 12 which covers the outer ring zone of the rotor 2. In Fig. 2, the inner edge 13 of the suction housing 3 is indicated by dashed lines.

Damit ergibt sich folgende Funktion:This results in the following function:

Das über das Rohr 1 dem Rotor 2 aufgegebene Sichtgut (Pfeile 14) wird durch die Drehbewegung des Rotors in den Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen 7, 7a, 7b nach aussen geschleudert (Pfeile 15) und wird beim Verlassen dieser Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle von der Sichtluft erfasst, die von aussen angesaugt wird (Pfeile 16). Während das Grobgut (Pfeil 17) nach aussen geschleudert wird, erfasst die Sichtluft das Feingut (Pfeile 18) und nimmt es mit in den Strömungsraum zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen. Der von der Sichtluft und dem Feingut zunächst durchsetzte Teil dieses Strömungsraumes wird nach oben hin durch den Flansch 12 des ortsfesten Absauggehäuses 3 begrenzt. Hat dann die Sichtluft die Kante 13 des Absauggehäuses 3 erreicht, so kann sie mit dem Feingut durch die nun gegebene Absaugöffnung 19 in das Absauggehäuse 3 abströmen. In Fig. 2 ist die zwischen den Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen 7 und 7a bestehende Absaugöffnung 19 hervorgehoben; zu beachten ist, dass diese Absaugöffnung mit der Drehung des Rotors 2 umläuft.The visible material that is fed into the rotor 2 via the pipe 1 (arrows 14) is thrown outwards by the rotary movement of the rotor in the visible material supply channels 7, 7a, 7b (arrows 15) and is captured by the visual air when leaving these visual material supply channels. which is sucked in from the outside (arrows 16). While the coarse material (arrow 17) is thrown outwards, the classifying air detects the fine material (arrows 18) and takes it into the flow space between adjacent classifying material feed channels. The part of this flow space initially penetrated by the sifting air and the fine material is limited at the top by the flange 12 of the stationary suction housing 3. When the sight air has reached the edge 13 of the suction housing 3, it can flow into the suction housing 3 with the fine material through the suction opening 19 which is now provided. In FIG. 2, the suction opening 19 existing between the visible material feed channels 7 and 7a is highlighted; it should be noted that this suction opening rotates with the rotation of the rotor 2.

Bei dem erfindungsgemässen Windsichter wird also der zwischen dem äusseren Ende der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle 7, 7a, 7b usw. und den Absaugöffnungen 9 befindliche Raum zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen auf der dem Absauggehäuse 3 zugewandten Seite durch ein ortsfestes Element, nämlich durch den Flansch 12 des Absauggehäuses begrenzt.In the wind classifier according to the invention, the space located between the outer end of the visible material supply channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. and the suction openings 9 between adjacent visual material supply channels on the side facing the suction housing 3 is closed by a fixed element, namely by the flange 12 of the suction housing limited.

Wie Fig. 2 erkennen lässt, enden die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle 7, 7a, 7b usw. dicht am äusseren Umfang der Grundplatte 5 des Rotors 2 bzw. des Flansches 12 des Absauggehäuses 3. Durch die damit erzielte Verlängerung der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle ergibt sich eine bessere Auflösung und Beschleunigung des Sichtgutes, was bei gleicher Sichtwirkung eine Verringerung der Rotor-Drehzahl ermöglicht. Ausserdem erreicht man auf diese Weise eine Vergrösserung des äusseren Umfanges der Absaugöffnungen 19 und damit eine Vergrösserung des kritischen Strömungs-Querschnittes für die Sichtluft.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the visible material feed channels 7, 7a, 7b etc. end close to the outer circumference of the base plate 5 of the rotor 2 or the flange 12 of the suction housing 3. The elongation of the visible material feed channels thus achieved results in a better resolution and acceleration of the material to be viewed, which enables the rotor speed to be reduced with the same visual effect. In addition, an enlargement of the outer circumference of the suction openings 19 and thus an enlargement of the critical flow cross section for the classifying air are achieved in this way.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Sichtgut-Aufgabekanales 7', der durch ein auf einer Seite offenes, etwa C-förmiges Hohlprofil 20 gebildet wird. Der Rotor bewegt sich hierbei in Richtung des Pfeiles 21; die offene Seite des Hohlprofiles 20 eilt somit in Drehrichtung des Rotors voraus. Bei geeigneter Wahl von Anordnung und Drehzahl wird das Sichtgut bei seiner Bewegung im Aufgabekanal 7' nach aussen durch die Coriolis-Kraft im Aufgabekanal 7' gehalten und geführt. Eine solche offene Bauweise der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Betriebssicherheit (Vermeidung jeglicher Verstopfungen) und einen besonders geringen Verschleiss aus.Fig. 4 shows a modified embodiment of a visible material feed channel 7 ', which is open on one side, approximately C-shaped ges hollow profile 20 is formed. The rotor moves in the direction of arrow 21; the open side of the hollow profile 20 thus hurries ahead in the direction of rotation of the rotor. With a suitable choice of arrangement and speed, the visible material is held and guided outward by the Coriolis force in the feed channel 7 ' during its movement in the feed channel 7'. Such an open design of the visible material feed channels is characterized by a high level of operational reliability (avoidance of any blockages) and particularly low wear.

Während bei den bisher beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen die Absaugung der Sichtluft nach oben erfolgt, zeigt Fig. 5 ein Ausführungsbeispiel mit Absaugung der Sichtluft nach unten. Das Absauggehäuse 33 ist hier unter dem Rotor 32 angeordnet. Dieser Rotor 32 enthält im wesentlichen einen zentralen Streuteller 34, eine kegelförmige Haube 35 sowie eine Anzahl von sternförmig verlaufenden Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen 37, die durch geradlinig oder gekrümmt verlaufende, geschlossene oder offene Hohlprofilteile gebildet werden.While in the exemplary embodiments described so far, the visual air is extracted upwards, FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment with the visual air being extracted downwards. The suction housing 33 is arranged here under the rotor 32. This rotor 32 essentially contains a central spreading plate 34, a conical hood 35 and a number of star-shaped visible material feed channels 37, which are formed by straight or curved, closed or open hollow profile parts.

Im Unterschied zu den erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen liegen bei der Ausführung gemäss Fig. 5 die Absaugöffnungen 39 des Rotors längs einer gedachten Kegelfläche, deren Spitze vom Absauggehäuse 33 zum Rotor 32 weist. Man erkennt aus Fig. 5 unschwer, dass sich dadurch eine besonders günstige Luftverteilung und ein besonders glattes, turbulenzfreies Einströmen der Sichtluft (Pfeile 40) in das Absauggehäuse 33 ergibt. Durch die Vergleichmässigung der Luftströmung wird dieTrennschärfe verbessert.In contrast to the exemplary embodiments explained, in the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the suction openings 39 of the rotor lie along an imaginary conical surface, the tip of which points from the suction housing 33 to the rotor 32. 5 that it results in a particularly favorable air distribution and a particularly smooth, turbulence-free inflow of the visible air (arrows 40) into the suction housing 33. The uniformity of the air flow improves the selectivity.

Die Neigung der kegelförmigen Haube 35 entspricht bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel der Neigung der erwähnten Kegelfläche, längs der die Absaugöffnungen 39 angeordnet sind; es versteht sich jedoch, dass die Neigung der kegelförmigen Haube 35 auch kleiner sein kann; möglich ist auch, die obere Begrenzungsfläche des Rotors 32 durch eine senkrecht zur Rotorachse liegende, ebene Scheibe zu bilden. In diesem Falle erweitert sich der Querschnitt der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle von innen nach aussen.In this embodiment, the inclination of the conical hood 35 corresponds to the inclination of the conical surface mentioned, along which the suction openings 39 are arranged; however, it is understood that the inclination of the conical hood 35 can also be smaller; it is also possible to form the upper boundary surface of the rotor 32 by a flat disk lying perpendicular to the rotor axis. In this case, the cross section of the material feed channels widens from the inside to the outside.

Auch bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 5 wird im übrigen der zwischen dem äusseren Ende der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle 37 und den Absaugöffnungen 39 befindliche Raum zwischen benachbarten Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen durch einen Flansch 42 des ortsfesten Absauggehäuses 33 begrenzt. Die Ausführung nach Fig. 5 kann auch dahin abgewandelt werden, dass die untere Kante der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle im äusseren Bereich und damit auch der Flansch 42 waagerecht verlaufen.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, moreover, the space between adjacent visible material feed channels between the outer end of the visible material feed channels 37 and the suction openings 39 is delimited by a flange 42 of the stationary suction housing 33. 5 can also be modified such that the lower edge of the material feed channels in the outer region and thus also the flange 42 run horizontally.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem auf beiden Seiten des Rotors 52 je ein Absauggehäuse 53 bzw. 53a angeordnet ist. Der von unten über eine Welle 54 angetriebene Rotor 52 trägt auf einer zugleich als Streuteller dienenden Grundplatte 55 eine Anzahl von sternförmig verlaufenden Sichtgut-Aufgabekanälen 57, die wie bei den zuvor erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen geradlinig oder gekrümmt verlaufen und durch offene oder geschlossene Hohlprofilteile gebildet sein können.Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which a suction housing 53 or 53a is arranged on both sides of the rotor 52. The rotor 52, which is driven from below via a shaft 54, bears on a base plate 55 which also serves as a spreading plate, a number of star-shaped feed material channels 57 which, as in the exemplary embodiments explained above, run in a straight line or curved manner and can be formed by open or closed hollow profile parts.

Der Raum zwischen dem äusseren Ende der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle 57 und den Absaugöffnungen 59 bzw. 59a wird auf der Ober- und Unterseite des Rotors durch einen Flansch 62 bzw. 62a der Absauggehäuse 53 bzw 53a begrenzt. Die Absaugung der Sichtluft (Pfeile 63) erfolgt nach oben und unten.The space between the outer end of the material feed channels 57 and the suction openings 59 and 59a is delimited on the top and bottom of the rotor by a flange 62 and 62a of the suction housing 53 and 53a. The visual air (arrows 63) is extracted upwards and downwards.

Bei allen beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen können die die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle bildenden Hohlprofilteile aus Strangprofilmaterial hergestellt werden. Dies ist insbesondere bei geradlinigem Verlauf der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle zweckmässig (vgl. Fig. 2), da in diesem Falle die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle durch einfaches Abschneiden von Strangmaterial gefertigt werden können.In all the exemplary embodiments described, the hollow profile parts forming the visible material feed channels can be produced from extruded profile material. This is particularly expedient in the case of a straight line of the visible material feed channels (cf. FIG. 2), since in this case the visible material feed channels can be produced by simply cutting off strand material.

Die die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle bildenden Profilteile können auch aus Kunststoff hergestellt werden, sofern eine ausreichende Temperaturbeständigkeit und Verschleissfestigkeit gewährleistet ist. Zu diesem Zweck können Kunststoff-Profilteile an den einem erhöhten Verschleiss ausgesetzten Flächen armiert werden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle bildenden Profilteile aus hochverschleissfestem Material (wie keramischen Werkstoffen, Schmelzbasalt usw.), vorzugsweise im Strangguss-Verfahren, herzustellen.The profile parts forming the visible material feed channels can also be made of plastic, provided that sufficient temperature resistance and wear resistance are guaranteed. For this purpose, plastic profile parts can be reinforced on the surfaces exposed to increased wear. However, it is also possible to produce the profile parts forming the visible material feed channels from highly wear-resistant material (such as ceramic materials, molten basalt, etc.), preferably using the continuous casting process.

Von Bedeutung für eine optimale Funktion des Sichters ist ferner die richtige Wahl des Verhältnisses der Weite der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle in axialer Richtung des Rotors (Höhe H, vgl. Fig. 3) zum Rotordurchmesser (Mass D gemäss Fig. 1). Bei einseitiger Absaugung der Sichtluft (Ausführungsbeispiele der Fig. 1 bis 5) wird das Verhältnis H/D zweckmässig zwischen 1:4 und 1:15, vorzugsweise zwischen 1:7 und 1:12, gewählt.The correct choice of the ratio of the width of the material feed channels in the axial direction of the rotor (height H, see FIG. 3) to the rotor diameter (dimension D according to FIG. 1) is also important for an optimal function of the classifier. In the case of one-sided suction of the visual air (exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 5), the ratio H / D is expediently chosen between 1: 4 and 1:15, preferably between 1: 7 and 1:12.

Bei beidseitiger Absaugung der Sichtluft (Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 6) liegt das Verhältnis H:D zweckmässig zwischen 1:2 und 1:10, vorzugsweise zwischen 1:3,5 und 1:7.When the classifying air is extracted on both sides (exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6), the ratio H: D is expediently between 1: 2 and 1:10, preferably between 1: 3.5 and 1: 7.

Eine weitere Abwandlung der Erfindung besteht darin, die äussere Mündung der Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle gegenüber der Sichterachse etwas zu neigen, so dass der der Absaugöffnung abgewandte Rand dieser Mündung auf einem etwas kleineren Durchmesser als der der Absaugöffnung zugewandte Mündungsrand liegt. Dadurch erreicht man eine Kompensation der bei grösserer Kanalhöhe etwas ungleichmässigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Luft (nahe der Absaugöffnung etwas grösser als auf der der Absaugöffnung abgewandten Seite), was zu einer Erhöhung der Trennschärfe führt.Another modification of the invention is to slightly incline the outer mouth of the material feed channels with respect to the classifier axis, so that the edge of this mouth facing away from the suction opening lies on a somewhat smaller diameter than the mouth edge facing the suction opening. This achieves a compensation for the somewhat uneven flow velocity of the air at a higher duct height (slightly larger near the suction opening than on the side facing away from the suction opening), which leads to an increase in the selectivity.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es schliesslich möglich, dass die Sichtgut-Aufgabekanäle gekrümmt sind und in Drehrichtung des Rotors rückwärts geneigt verlaufen. Durch die gekrümmte Anordnung läst sich die gewünschte Sichtfeinheit mit niedrigerer Drehzahl erzielen; man erreicht ferner einen maximalen Austrittswinkel des Gutes gegenüber dem Radiusvektor, was den Wirkungsgrad der Sichtung verbessert.Finally, within the scope of the invention it is possible that the visible material feed channels are curved and incline backwards in the direction of rotation of the rotor. Due to the curved arrangement, the desired visual fineness can be achieved at a lower speed; one also achieves a maximum exit angle of the material with respect to the radius vector, which improves the efficiency of the sighting.

Claims (9)

1. Air sifter, containing a rotor (2) which is centrally supplied with material for sifting and has channels (7, 7a, 7b) extending outwards in star formation to deliver material for sifting and extraction apertures (19) arranged between the channels (7, 7a, 7b) for the delivery of material for sifting, and also containing at least one stationary extractor housing (3) which is arranged as an extension of the rotor (2) and connected to the extraction apertures (19) of the rotor, in which material for sifting flows essentially inwards from the outside to the space located between adjacent material delivery channels (7, 7a, 7b) and together with the fine material passes through the extraction apertures (19) of the rotor (2) and enters the extractor housing (3), whilst the coarse material is spun outwards, characterised by the combination of the following features:
a) The space between adjacent channels (7, 7a, 7b) for the delivery of material for sifting which is located between the outer end of the said channels (7, 7a, 7b) and the extraction apertures (19) and through which fine material and air for sifting flow is axially defined on at least one side by a stationary flange (12) of the extractor housing (3) which covers the outer annular zone of the rotor (2);
b) the channels (7, 7a, 7b) for the delivery of material for sifting end close to the outer periphery of the base plate (5) of the rotor (2) or of the flange (12) of the extractor housing (3) which axially define the space between adjacent channels (7, 7a, 7b) for the delivery of material for sifting through which the fine material and air for sifting flow.
2. Air sifter as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that an extractor housing (53, 53a) is provided on each side of the two sides of the rotor (52) and the space between adjacent channels (57) for the delivery of material for sifting through which fine material and airfor sifting flow is axially defined on both sides by a stationary flange (62, 62a) of the appertaining extractor housing (53, 53a).
3. Air sifter as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the channels for the delivery of material for sifting are curved and are inclined backwards in the direction of rotation of the rotor.
4. Air sifter as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the channels (7') for the delivery of material for sifting formed by hollow section parts (20) are at least partially open on their leading side in the direction of rotation (21) of the rotor.
5. Air sifter as claimed in claim 1, in which air for sifting is extracted on one side, characterised in that the ratio of the width (H) of the channels (7b) for the delivery of material for sifting in the axial direction of the rotor (2) to the diameter (D) of the rotor is between 1:4 and 1:15, preferably between 1:7 and 1:12.
6. Air sifter as claimed in claim 2, in which air for sifting is extracted on both sides, characterised in that the ratio of the width of the channels for the delivery of material for sifting in the axial direction to the diameter of the rotor is between 1:2 and 1:10, preferably between 1:3.5 and 1:7.
7. Air sifter as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the extraction apertures (39) of the rotor (32) lie along a covered conical surface the apex of which points from the extractor housing (33) to the rotor sifting (32).
8. Air sifter as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the wall which axially defines the space between the channels (37) for the delivery of material for sifting through which fine material and air for sifting flow is formed by a conical cap (35) of the rotor (32) the inclination of which is at most equal to that of the covered conical surface along which the extraction apertures (39) of the rotor (32) tie.
9. Air sifter as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the outer opening of the channels (7, 37, 57) for the delivery of material for sifting is somewhat inclined relative to the sifter axis, and the edge of this opening facing away from the extraction aperture (19, 39, 59) lies on an edge of the opening having a somewhat smaller diameter than the extraction aperture.
EP79100767A 1978-04-22 1979-03-14 Wind sifter Expired EP0004865B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2817725 1978-04-22
DE19782817725 DE2817725A1 (en) 1978-04-22 1978-04-22 WINDSECTOR

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EP0004865A2 EP0004865A2 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004865A3 EP0004865A3 (en) 1979-11-28
EP0004865B1 true EP0004865B1 (en) 1983-02-23

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US (1) US4236997A (en)
EP (1) EP0004865B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS54141457A (en)
DE (1) DE2817725A1 (en)
ES (1) ES479796A0 (en)

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DE3044063A1 (en) * 1980-11-22 1982-07-15 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum Wind sifter for powdery material - has rotor, supply channels and suction chambers, suction housings and collecting funnel
JPS594477A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-01-11 日清製粉株式会社 Powder classifier
IT1171172B (en) * 1983-06-03 1987-06-10 Umberto Manola DEVICE PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR PLANTS USED FOR THE PHYSICAL SEPARATION OF FLOUR COMPONENTS FOR FOOD USE OR FOR OTHER USES
GB8415190D0 (en) * 1984-06-14 1984-07-18 Smidth & Co As F L Separator
JPS61262198A (en) * 1985-05-16 1986-11-20 カシオ計算機株式会社 Small-sized x-y plotter
DE3521491A1 (en) * 1985-06-14 1986-12-18 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE FINE SIZING OF GOODS
WO1987006279A1 (en) * 1986-04-11 1987-10-22 Beloit Corporation Rotating separator
DE3622413C2 (en) * 1986-07-03 1995-08-03 Krupp Polysius Ag Classifier
US6739456B2 (en) 2002-06-03 2004-05-25 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Apparatus and methods for separating particles
JP7134440B2 (en) * 2016-07-29 2022-09-12 ９７５４７４１ カナダ エルティーディー． Method and apparatus for singulating particles in a stream
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Also Published As

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US4236997A (en) 1980-12-02
EP0004865A3 (en) 1979-11-28
DE2817725A1 (en) 1979-11-08
EP0004865A2 (en) 1979-10-31
ES8100617A1 (en) 1980-07-01
JPS54141457A (en) 1979-11-02
JPS5728306B2 (en) 1982-06-16
ES479796A0 (en) 1980-07-01

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