EP0004690A1 - Procédé de coulée continue d'un métal et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procédé de coulée continue d'un métal et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004690A1
EP0004690A1 EP79200153A EP79200153A EP0004690A1 EP 0004690 A1 EP0004690 A1 EP 0004690A1 EP 79200153 A EP79200153 A EP 79200153A EP 79200153 A EP79200153 A EP 79200153A EP 0004690 A1 EP0004690 A1 EP 0004690A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
cavity
signal
photosensitive element
optical system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP79200153A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfons Emerantia Lemmens
Hendrik Alfons Leonard Gielen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
METALLURGIE HOBOKEN-OVERPELT SA
Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt SA
Societe Generale Metallurgique de Hoboken SA
Original Assignee
METALLURGIE HOBOKEN-OVERPELT SA
Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt SA
Societe Generale Metallurgique de Hoboken SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by METALLURGIE HOBOKEN-OVERPELT SA, Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt SA, Societe Generale Metallurgique de Hoboken SA filed Critical METALLURGIE HOBOKEN-OVERPELT SA
Publication of EP0004690A1 publication Critical patent/EP0004690A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
    • B22D11/185—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by using optical means

Definitions

  • the above-mentioned signal is created by subjecting a photosensitive element to radiation transmitted to it by an optical system housed outside the cavity and targeting an area of one of the lateral barriers, this area being located on either side of the border between the cast metal and the part of this barrier not covered by the metal and the sensitivity of the photosensitive element being essentially in the visible spectrum and being low for infrared radiation.
  • the three conditions are necessary so that the signal created responds in a sufficiently faithful manner to the variations in the level of the liquid at the entrance of the cavity and can be of sufficient intensity to control the pouring so as to maintain said level between acceptable lower and upper limits.
  • the sensitivity of the element is not mainly located in the visible spectrum and is not low for infrared radiation, the efficiency of the optoelectronic device is not sufficient, as will be demonstrated with respect to the example described below.
  • the photosensitive element is not subjected to radiation through an optical system housed in outside the cavity but for example by means of a quartz rod housed at the very entrance of the molding cavity, this system, more particularly the quartz rod, is then necessarily close to the surface of the metal cast and a jet of molten metal entering the mold cavity; it is then easily soiled by metal splashes and thus becomes unfit for the transmission of radiation.
  • the optical system does not target the area of one of the lateral barriers located on either side of the border between the cast metal and the part of this barrier not covered by the metal, the variations in signal intensity are too low to allow effective casting control based on this signal.
  • the cavity is normally supplied by a set of two chutes having a fairly high inertia, which means that the control requires the detection of a relatively small change in the level of the metal poured into the cavity.
  • This control is only reliable thanks to the discharge by the upper belt of the molten metal along the lateral dams at the entrance of the cavity.
  • This backflow gives rise to greater changes in the coverage of the lateral dams by the molten metal than would be the case if one were only to take into account the rise and fall of the horizontal level of the molten metal.
  • a controlled continuous casting of non-ferrous metals melted in a molding cavity delimited by movable walls is known according to the American patent n ° 2,246,907. On the one hand it is not a matter of pouring into a cavity of the kind determined above. On the other hand, the transmission of radiation to the photosensitive element takes place via a quartz rod, which has the disadvantage already described above.
  • the invention relates not only to the casting method determined above, but also to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • the element capable of producing the signal is a photosensitive element capable of producing a signal which is a function of received radiation and whose sensitivity is essentially in the visible spectrum and is low for infrared radiation, a system optical system being housed outside the cavity and targeting an area of one of the lateral dams situated on either side of the border between the cast metal and the part of this dam not covered by the metal, this optical system transmitting the radiation received to the photosensitive element.
  • FIG. 14 is a front view on a larger scale of a part of the device of FIG. 13.
  • the apparatus shown comprises a continuous casting machine 1 of the type with twin belts.
  • a continuous casting machine 1 of the type with twin belts.
  • Such a machine comprises an upper mobile endless belt 2 and a lower mobile endless belt 3.
  • the upper belt 2 is driven by rollers not shown in the direction of arrow 4, and the lower belt 3 in the direction of arrow. 5.
  • Two endless mobile lateral barriers 6 and 7 are located partly between the lower strand of the upper belt 2 and the upper strand of the lower belt 3.
  • Each of the lateral dams 6 and 7 consists of a large number of blocks of metal strung on an endless ribbon.
  • These side dams 6 and 7 define with the upper belt 2 and with the lower belt 3 a cavity or molding area 8 between an inlet 9 and an outlet not shown, this molding area being inclined 15 ° downward from the inlet towards the exit.
  • the upper strand of the lower belt 3 constitutes a supporting surface for casting, and the lower strand of the upper belt 2, an upper delimiting surface for casting.
  • Cooling of the molten metal in the molding zone 8 is carried out by spraying a coolant on the one hand on the belts 2 and 3, as described in American patents No. 3,036,348 and No. 3,041,686 , and on the other hand on the lateral dams 6 and 7, outside of the molding zone 8, as described in American patents n ° 3,865,176 and n ° 3,955,615.
  • Each of the lateral dams 6 and 7 therefore constitutes a movable wall of the molding cavity 8, this movable wall being cooled before being brought into contact with the molten metal.
  • the distance between the belts 2 and 3 is 6 cm and that between the lateral dams 6 and 7 is 12 cm.
  • the optoelectronic device 17 comprises a tube 18 provided with a biconvex objective 19 having a focal distance of 650 mm and a tube 20 provided with a mat glass 21, a diaphragm 22, a photosensitive element 23 and a support 24 for the photosensitive element 23, this support having a guide groove 25.
  • the objective 19 is fixed at 26 and the mat glass 21 at 27.
  • the tube 20 can slide in the tube 18 and be fixed there using the screw 28.
  • the diaphragm 22, the photosensitive element 23 and its support 24 form an assembly 29, which can slide in the tube 20 and be fixed there using the screw 30.
  • the tube 18 is fixed on a movable pointing support 31.
  • On the mat glass 21 are drawn a rectangle 32 of 5 x 1 mm and two markers 33.
  • In the diaphragm 22 is made a rectangular opening 34 of 5 x 1 mm, which coincides with the rectangle 32 of the mat glass 21, when the assembly 29 is fixed in the tube 20 against the mat glass 21 using the screw 30, the end of the latter being housed in the guide groove 25.
  • the device 17 is pointed at the part of the machine 1, which is surrounded by dotted lines in FIG. 3, so that the right half of the rectangle 32 is illuminated by the liquid copper 11 when it is at its normal level N , as shown in FIG. 9, in which 35 denotes the illuminated fraction of the rectangle 32, and 36 denotes the dark fraction, the latter corresponding to a part of the molding face 16 which is black.
  • N normal level
  • a lowering of the copper level below the N level will decrease the illuminated fraction of the rectangle 32 ( Figure 10) and an increase in the level of. copper above level N will increase the illuminated fraction of rectangle 32 (figure 11).
  • the device 17 remove the assembly 29 and look at the mat glass 21, on which appears the reverse image of the targeted part of the machine 1.
  • This image is brought into focus by sliding the tube 20 in the tube 18, and tube 20 is fixed when a clear image has been obtained.
  • the tube 18 is then pointed so as to obtain the above-mentioned result, that is to say the image of Figure 12.
  • To facilitate the pointing can be made two marks (not shown) on a fixed part (not shown) of the casting machine 1, with which must coincide the marks 33 of the mat glass 21 to ensure a clean pointing.
  • the photosensitive element 23 is a resistance to cadmium sulphide, which has a sensitive surface 37 of 5 ⁇ 1 mm coinciding with the rectangular opening 34 formed in the diaphragm 22; this diaphragm 22 serves to screen the light reflections on the mat glass 21.
  • the resistance to CdS 23 has a maximum sensitivity between 500 and 650 nanometers, that is to say in the visible spectrum.
  • the CdS resistance 23 is connected by the wires 38 and 39 to the adjustment circuit 40. It is supplied via a series resistor 41 by a stabilized current source 42. Changes in resistance at 23 cause changes in the current I. The voltage across the resistor 41 therefore depends on the resistance changes at 23, that is to say the light intensity or the copper level. The voltage obtained across the resistor 41 is leveled a little using the capacitor 43 to eliminate the wave motion of the copper, and introduced into the regulator 44 of the PID type. This controls via the valves of the hydraulic system 45, the movement of the piston of the cylinder 46 which is connected to the stopper 15 by the rods 47 and 48.
  • the cylinder 49 is a follower cylinder, which is mounted in series with the cylinder 46 This cylinder 49 is connected to a potentiometer 50, which returns the position of the cylinder 49 and therefore that of the cylinder 46 in the form of an electrical signal to the regulator 44.
  • the opto-electronic device 17 has an efficiency of 70%, which means that if a current I of 100 units is measured when the copper level is raised to that the rectangle 32 is just fully illuminated, only a current I of 30 units is measured when the level of the copper is lowered until the rectangle 32 is just completely dark.
  • the efficiency of the optoelectronic device drops - notwithstanding the fact that the liquid copper is at a temperature of approximately 1120 ° C and the molding face 16 at a temperature of only approximately 130 ° C - at 20%, which no longer allows the casting to be regulated, given that 'at this moment the influence of disturbing signals of all kinds becomes too great.
  • a variant 51 of the optoelectronic device 17 comprises a cylindrical chamber 52, provided with a biconvex objective 53, a semi-transparent mirror in an inclined position 54, an eyepiece 55, a diaphragm 56 and a resistance to CdS 57.
  • On the eyepiece 55 is drawn a rectangle 58 and in the diaphragm 56 is made a rectangular opening 59.
  • the diaphragm 56 is housed so that its opening 59 receives via the lens 53 and the mirror 54, the radiation emitted by the target field through the objective 53, the mirror 54 and the rectangle 58 of the eyepiece 55.
  • This device 51 can be easily constructed from a conventional optical pyrometer. Indeed, we only have to modify the shape of the figure on the eyepiece and the opening in the diaphragm, this shape being round in a conventional optical pyrometer, and replacing the photosensitive element, the latter being particularly sensitive to infrared radiation in a conventional optical pyrometer.
  • the resistance to CdS 19 can be replaced by any photosensitive element (photoconductive element, photovoltaic element, photodiodes, etc.), which, optionally provided with a filter absorbing the infrared rays, reacts in substance only on visible light.
  • photosensitive element photoconductive element, photovoltaic element, photodiodes, etc.
  • this signal can also be made to act on the device controlling the rate of casting, that is to say the speed of the mold walls of the casting machine.
  • the movable side dams 6 and 7 can be replaced by stationary dams and provided inside with means allowing a coolant to circulate there.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
EP79200153A 1978-04-06 1979-03-29 Procédé de coulée continue d'un métal et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre Ceased EP0004690A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU79390 1978-04-06
LU79390A LU79390A1 (fr) 1978-04-06 1978-04-06 Procede de coulee continue d'un metal et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0004690A1 true EP0004690A1 (fr) 1979-10-17

Family

ID=19728881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79200153A Ceased EP0004690A1 (fr) 1978-04-06 1979-03-29 Procédé de coulée continue d'un métal et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4276921A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0004690A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS54136537A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU523449B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1135471A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES479293A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1117649B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU79390A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL214711A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA791626B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2236876A (en) * 1989-10-12 1991-04-17 Bpb Industries Plc Control of the manufacture of plaster board

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4621675A (en) * 1982-09-24 1986-11-11 Hazelett Strip-Casting Corporation Process and apparatus for continuous casting
US4597048A (en) * 1983-09-07 1986-06-24 United States Steel Corporation Digital flow regulation of liquid-level control for a continuous casting mold
JPS6096358A (ja) * 1983-10-28 1985-05-29 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 薄鋳片連続鋳造設備の操業方法
US4600047A (en) * 1984-03-29 1986-07-15 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Process for controlling the molten metal level in continuous thin slab casting
EP0205646A1 (de) * 1985-06-27 1986-12-30 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Doppelbandstranggiesskokille, insbesondere zum Vergiessen von Stahl
JPS62289354A (ja) * 1986-06-09 1987-12-16 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 移動鋳型式連鋳機の鋳型空間内圧制御方法
US4712602A (en) * 1986-09-11 1987-12-15 Hazelett Strip-Casting Corporation Pool-level sensing probe and automatic level control for twin-belt continuous metal casting machines
US4744407A (en) * 1986-10-20 1988-05-17 Inductotherm Corp. Apparatus and method for controlling the pour of molten metal into molds
US4724894A (en) * 1986-11-25 1988-02-16 Selective Electronic, Inc. Molten metal pour control system
US4977951A (en) * 1990-01-10 1990-12-18 Ribbon Technology Corporation Apparatus for flow control of molten material by force detection
US5103892A (en) * 1990-02-28 1992-04-14 Asarco Incorporated Continuous casting of discrete shapes
RU2081724C1 (ru) * 1990-02-28 1997-06-20 Асарко Инкорпорейтед Устройство для непрерывного литья металлических заготовок
WO1991017009A1 (en) * 1990-05-01 1991-11-14 The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited The inspection of continuously cast metals
US5343932A (en) * 1993-04-26 1994-09-06 Reynolds Metals Company System for feeding molten metal stream to continuous strand caster
US5961797A (en) * 1996-05-03 1999-10-05 Asarco Incorporated Copper cathode starting sheets
EP1057557B1 (de) * 1999-06-03 2004-08-11 ALUMINIUM RHEINFELDEN GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Giessen von Metall
US6868861B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2005-03-22 Credence Engineering, Inc. Level control system for sheet casting process
JP5718132B2 (ja) * 2011-04-07 2015-05-13 古河電気工業株式会社 金属鋳塊製造方法
CN108067595B (zh) * 2017-08-04 2020-05-26 骆驼集团蓄电池研究院有限公司 一种铅酸蓄电池正极铅坯成型工艺及专用设备

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2506190A1 (de) * 1974-09-26 1976-04-08 Ceda Spa Vorrichtung zum kontrollieren des pegels einer fluessigkeit, die infrarotstrahlen emittiert
DE2637421B1 (de) * 1976-08-17 1977-07-14 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum anzeigen des giessendes beim vergiessen von metallen aus giessgefaessen
CH595167A5 (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-01-31 Fischer Ag Georg Casting molten metal in moulds
FR2361180A1 (fr) * 1976-08-12 1978-03-10 Poncet Pierre Perfectionnements aux regulateurs de niveau pour installations de coulee continue

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US2246907A (en) * 1940-04-12 1941-06-24 William R Webster Continuous molding machine
US2825104A (en) * 1954-03-16 1958-03-04 Askania Regulator Co Method and apparatus for controlling gravity liquid flow, and for continuous metal billet casting
US3123874A (en) * 1958-03-17 1964-03-10 Metal casting apparatus
NL126966C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1959-12-21
DE1235520B (de) * 1962-11-14 1967-03-02 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen Abfuellen schmelzfluessiger Metalle aus einem kippbaren Tiegel
US3459949A (en) * 1964-12-01 1969-08-05 Pierre Poncet Detection of the level of the metal bath in the moulds for continuous casting
US3842894A (en) * 1973-01-17 1974-10-22 American Metal Climax Inc Automatic means for remote sweep-scanning of a liquid level and for controlling flow to maintain such level
US3921697A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-11-25 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Method and apparatus for controlling the operating conditions in continuous metal casting machines having a revolving endless casting belt
US3838727A (en) * 1973-07-16 1974-10-01 I Levi Normalized optical input level control in continuous casting process and apparatus
US3865176A (en) * 1973-09-28 1975-02-11 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Casting method for twin-belt continuous metal casting machines
US3955615A (en) * 1973-09-28 1976-05-11 Hazelett Strip-Casting Corporation Twin-belt continuous casting apparatus
SU486225A1 (ru) 1974-02-18 1975-09-30 Предприятие П/Я В-8772 Способ измерени уровн жидкого металла в кристаллизаторе
FR2296482A1 (fr) 1975-01-06 1976-07-30 Hazelett Strip Casting Corp Procede et appareil de determination des conditions de fonctionnement d'une machine de moulage metallique en continu
FR2313156A1 (fr) 1975-06-04 1976-12-31 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede et dispositif pour le controle et le reglage de l'intensite du mouvement de rotation de produits metalliques obtenus par coulee centrifuge
LU76077A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-10-26 1978-05-16
JPS5539429A (en) * 1978-09-13 1980-03-19 Fujitsu Ltd Monitoring system for signal transmission line

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2506190A1 (de) * 1974-09-26 1976-04-08 Ceda Spa Vorrichtung zum kontrollieren des pegels einer fluessigkeit, die infrarotstrahlen emittiert
FR2361180A1 (fr) * 1976-08-12 1978-03-10 Poncet Pierre Perfectionnements aux regulateurs de niveau pour installations de coulee continue
DE2637421B1 (de) * 1976-08-17 1977-07-14 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum anzeigen des giessendes beim vergiessen von metallen aus giessgefaessen
CH595167A5 (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-01-31 Fischer Ag Georg Casting molten metal in moulds

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
Publication "Sthal u. Eisen" 97, No. 7, 7 Avril 1977, Dusseldorf "Automatische Giessspiegelregelung fur Stranggiesskokillen". * Page 354, colonne 2; fig. * *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2236876A (en) * 1989-10-12 1991-04-17 Bpb Industries Plc Control of the manufacture of plaster board

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS54136537A (en) 1979-10-23
ES479293A1 (es) 1980-08-16
ZA791626B (en) 1980-04-30
AU523449B2 (en) 1982-07-29
IT7967726A0 (it) 1979-04-05
US4276921A (en) 1981-07-07
PL214711A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-01-14
AU4571079A (en) 1979-10-11
CA1135471A (en) 1982-11-16
JPS6252663B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1987-11-06
LU79390A1 (fr) 1979-11-07
IT1117649B (it) 1986-02-17

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Inventor name: LEMMENS, ALFONS EMERANTIA

Inventor name: GIELEN, HENDRIK ALFONS LEONARD