EP0002870A1 - Chronometrische Einrichtung mit Fernsehaufnahmegerät - Google Patents

Chronometrische Einrichtung mit Fernsehaufnahmegerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0002870A1
EP0002870A1 EP78200381A EP78200381A EP0002870A1 EP 0002870 A1 EP0002870 A1 EP 0002870A1 EP 78200381 A EP78200381 A EP 78200381A EP 78200381 A EP78200381 A EP 78200381A EP 0002870 A1 EP0002870 A1 EP 0002870A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image
heads
television
video
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP78200381A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marcel René Gerber
Jean Yves Campiche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie des Montres Longines Francillon SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie des Montres Longines Francillon SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie des Montres Longines Francillon SA filed Critical Compagnie des Montres Longines Francillon SA
Publication of EP0002870A1 publication Critical patent/EP0002870A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F10/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electric means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C1/00—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people
    • G07C1/22—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people in connection with sports or games
    • G07C1/24—Race time-recorders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timing installation with television shooting, comprising time measurement means capable of starting, from a start injunction, a timing of timing time, television capture means which supply a video signal reproducing a television image at fifty images or half images per second, means for obtaining in the form of digital characters the timing time counted from the start command, and means for video overprinting superimposing on said video signal reproducing said image a complementary video signal establishing the images of digital characters superimposed on said television image.
  • This type of installation is known and does not pose any particular problem when it is simply a matter of providing viewers, at the same time as the images of the progress of a sports competition, with the indication of the passage of time without which the spectagle these sports contests would lose a good part of its interest.
  • the indication of tenths of a second is also given but evolves too quickly for the viewer to really understand it.
  • the indication of hundredths of a second it remains non-existent on the screen while the timing is in progress.
  • the complete display including the tenths and hundredths of a second is given on the screen, but it is then static and can be provided easily without regard to the sequential structure of the transmitted images.
  • a television image unlike a cinematographic film image, is not an instant image but an image apprehended using a scan which lasts a certain time.
  • the standard CCIR system there are twenty-five images per second, but each is formed by two interlaced partial images which last 1/50 sec and which cover, with a lesser definition, the entire viewing area. It is possible, and will be done throughout this presentation, to consider these partial images which follow one another at a rate of fifty per second as complete images, having regard to the aim pursued. However, fifty images per second are too few to ensure official timing which must be established to the hundredth of a second.
  • two television cameras with integration and storage of light values are used as television shooting means, these cameras operating in controlled synchronization, each dependent on an external synchronization signal comprising start-of-scan pulses. picture.
  • the synchronization signals are respectively supplied to the cameras with an offset equal to a quanta between their start-of-image pulses.
  • the embodiment proposed by the presentation is a rotary arrangement whose correct synchronous operation, not described in detail in this presentation, is certainly not easy to obtain.
  • this installation comprises, for each of the two cameras, a whole chain of video devices, comprising amplifiers, an overlay mixer, a video recorder or other storage device and a video reception apparatus.
  • this installation proposes the use of two devices for memorizing video information which one can presume to be video recorders according to the symbol used to represent them in the drawing. A reduction in size and cost could be obtained if the overall installation could be satisfied with a single video recorder, provided that it is not of a volume and a double price.
  • the presentation in question indicates that the two memories (no text expressly mentions what they are) can be combined into a single memory capable of simultaneously receiving two pieces of information on two separate information tracks.
  • the installation proposed by the French presentation 2 310 671 because it uses television cameras with integration and storage of light, cannot in any way do without the light shutter which complicates the construction thereof.
  • the aforementioned description expressly indicates that the use of this shutter introduced into the television image, capable of being recorded and / or sent over a television network, a gap between the first part (upper half of the image) which corresponds to the situation which existed during the previous opening of the shutter and the second half of the image which corresponds to a mixture of two partial integrations of light, one during the previous opening of the shutter and the other during the present opening of the shutter, the first being first preponderant then gradually giving way to the second (the aforementioned description only sees the second).
  • the object of the present invention by providing among other unpublished technical measures the use, for an installation of the type in question, of television cameras with transduction of instantaneous value of light, will provide an installation which will avoid disadvantages of the aforementioned "hiatus" and lack of clarity and will allow significantly safer timing to the hundredth of a second.
  • one of the first particular aims of the invention consists in achieving, in the installation in question, a substantial saving by the use of a single video recorder, an arrangement and a price. very similar to a standard video recorder, for recording and reproducing at will the images of the two cameras.
  • one aspect of the invention achieves an interesting performance by an arrangement from which results that each image is provided with an indication of hundredths of a second which is specific to it and which results jointly that one can see, and move at will in height, on each image, the level at which the events occur which coincide exactly with the time displayed superimposed on the image.
  • This will allow, with the cameras in place, to place the exact coincidence level at the location of the image where the event will actually occur, the time of intervention of which must be known with precision, and this will also allow, account given the known speed of image formation in the vertical direction, to know almost to the nearest thousandth of a second what time it was when the facts visible in the image occurred.
  • This analysis can be done by taking the different images apprehended image by image, which, something certainly advantageous, can be done without any difficulty even using a standard VCR and a standard television set.
  • Fig. 2 shows the development of a magnetic tape for a video recorder, also known as a video recorder. Also shown is the trajectory of the read and record heads. It must be realized that in reality this strip is arranged on a half-circumference, and that rotary heads run through this half-circumference, with a certain inclination which makes them pass from one edge to the other of the strip. along this half circumference. In a normal video recorder, the head holder carries two diametrically opposite heads, and one arrives at the start of the semi-circumferential course at the moment when the other leaves it. In fig.
  • the inclination of the video tracks is greatly exaggerated, since there is in reality only an angle of approximately 3 ° where the drawn inclination is close to 20 °.
  • the geometric relationships are such that when a head, at the end of the semi-circumferential course, is at the bottom of the track marked "0.02", the other head, diametrically opposite, is at the top of the track marked " 0.04 ". If the strip moved forward at normal speed, it would move during a semi-circumferential course, by an amount such that the diametrically opposite head would start its run just next to where the first head started the previous run. Since the speed is doubled here, the diametrically opposite head begins its course a certain distance downstream from the point where the first head started the previous course.
  • This greater spacing of the tracks leaves between two tracks a space which, in this case, is filled by the passage of an additional head arranged in quadrature with the first two and which begins its course at the moment where the first head is halfway from his.
  • a second quadrature head is diametrically opposite the first and will fill the next free space.
  • the speed of travel of the magnetic strip may be slightly less than twice the standard speed of travel; if the tolerances for other recording or playback parameters (inclination of the tape, active head size) are tight, a speed between 1.9 and 2.0 times the standard speed, or even between 1 , 8 and 2.0 times this standard speed, can still give satisfactory results.
  • the recording-reading heads are provided with a very small recording and magnetic reading slot.
  • the slit is perpendicular to the recording trace. It can however be given a certain angle, called azimuth, with respect to the perpendicular to the trace. In this case, it is observed that a recording made using a head having a certain azimuth can only be read with a head having at least approximately the same azimuth.
  • a recording made for example with a head whose slit has an azimuth of +25 is practically no longer read by a head whose slit has an azimuth of -25 0 . It follows that one can consider recording, almost in superposition, two traces, one with a head whose slit has a positive azimuth and the other with a head whose slit has a negative azimuth, in then having the possibility of reading each of these recordings independently of the other, provided that we use for reading, respectively, heads having azimuths of slit different from each other and corresponding respectively to the azimuths of slit during the recording.
  • the length of the tracks is actually 1.8% greater than the length of a half-circumference, in the case of a band advancing at normal speed.
  • the proposed modified VCR at double speed (the aforementioned variants, not considered here, would experience similar conditions, although not identical), the length of a track will be 3.6% greater than the length of a half-circumference. . If after having recorded a tape in the aforementioned manner, using four heads, we want to read this tape, we can play it at the same speed as it was recorded, using the two groups of heads which will provide each the video signal which had been recorded from a camera for group I and from the other camera for group II.
  • the tape is now scrolled at playback at half the speed, i.e. at the normal speed of a recorder - one of the two groups of heads can be deleted, and the heads of a single group, as in the case of an ordinary apparatus, will traverse a track at each course of a half-circumference, each of the tracks being traversed at following the previous one.
  • the length travel will be reduced by approximately 1.8%, that is to say that approximately fourteen television lines will be lost over the height of the image.
  • it will be necessary to modify the setting of the device very slightly so that the heads follow a track well and do not start on a track and end on the adjacent track.
  • the video information will include the image of digital characters indicative of time, it is important that all the video image reproduced is indeed the one to which this digital character of time corresponds.
  • a reference point which will say exactly which area of the height of the image corresponds strictly to the figure, for example 3 min 65 sec 18/100, which will be displayed on the image. If the place where the image of the locomotive front coincides with the vertical line of the pylon is located four slices below the place where the lair is located, this will mean that the locomotive was in front of the pylon exactly 4 thousandth of second after time 3 min 65 sec 18/100. We can therefore give the exact value 3 min, 65 sec, 184/1000.
  • Fig. 3 shows, very symbolically, the diagram of a television timing system of the type in question.
  • the installation includes an oscillator 1, followed by a binary divider 2 lowering the frequency to 1600 Hz, then a binary divider 3, with four stages, lowering the frequency to 100 Hz, then what has two BCD counters 4 and 5, which lower the frequency to 10 Hz, then 1 Hz.
  • the state of the first four stages of the counter 6 is compared to that of the four stages of the divider 3 using four doors OR EXCLUSIVE, the direct outputs of the stages of the divider 3 being compared to the reverse outputs of the stages of the counter 6.
  • the coincidences are detected by AND gates 8 and 9 connected to the output of the OR EXCLUSIVE gates. These gates 8 and 9 also have an input controlled from the last three stages of the divider 2, via an AND gate, so as to be pass-through for approximately 1/12 ms in the middle only of the signal slots at l '600 Hz.
  • the position given to the counter 6 makes it possible to establish the value ⁇ t (FIG. 1), or more exactly the 20 ms complement of 4t.
  • the first floor of counter BCD 4 alternately opens doors AND 8 and 9.
  • the door 8 can open when the first stage of the BCD 4 counter is at the low level while the door 9 can open when this stage is at the high level.
  • the door 8 can open when the first stage of the counter 4 is at the high level and the door 9 when it is at the level low.
  • the last stage of counter 6 adds or subtracts, therefore as the case may be, 10 ms to the value ⁇ t established by the first four stages of this counter 6. Since there is a cycle of 20 ms, the addition of 10 ms is identical to subtracting 10 ms.
  • the outputs of doors 8 and 9 will therefore be able to control the start of image scans as shown in FIG. 1, curve C.
  • the output of gate 8 will control the start of scanning of the images "0.02", “0.04", "0.06", etc.
  • the output of gate 9 will control the start of scanning images "O, Ol", "0.03", "0.05”, etc.
  • these outputs from doors 8 and 9 are applied to a control unit 10 for the video components, as SYNCHRO pulses respectively for the even images and for the odd images.
  • the outputs Q and Q of the first stage of the counter 4 supply, via two monostable flip-flops, the benchmark information to the control unit 10 which will incorporate it into the video signals, in a way not shown.
  • the gate 8 operates a counting chain comprising a five-position counter 11 and a BCD counter 12.
  • the five-position counter 11 provides the numerical values O, 2 , 4, 6 and 8 for displaying hundredths of a second on even images
  • the BCD counter 12 provides information of tenths of a second (or tens of hundredths of a second).
  • This information if necessary decoded, then coded for the seven-segment display, is supplied to the control unit 10, as "injection for even image".
  • the output of the BCD counter 12 also activates a counter 13, which in a conventional manner operates the counting of seconds, minutes and hours, and the output information of which, after passing through a BCD / 7SEGM transcoder, is also applied to the control unit 10 for "injection into the even images". Since this numerical value information representing a time changes each time an even image begins, it will always be available during the time that the scanning of this even image lasts.
  • the AND gate 9 acts similarly to the gate 8 for the odd images, at least with regard to the synchronization and the counting of hundredths of a second which is done in a five-position counter 14 and a BCD counter 15.
  • the counter 14 gives the numerical values 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, which are then coded for the seven-segment display, and the BCD counter 15 provides said information for tenths of seconds.
  • the information from the counters 14 and 15 is applied to the control unit 10 for the hundredths and tenths of a second of the "injection for odd image".
  • the counters 4 and 5 carry out the counting of the real moments of the best timing, which is not the case for the counters 10, 12, 14 and 15 which "start” with a certain advance on the current timing, or theoretical.
  • a reverse OR gate 17 detects the "O" state of all the stages of counters 4 and 5, with the exception of the first stage of counter 4, which must mean that the timing of hundredths of a second is in position "00" or "01". During these periods, the outputs Q and Q of the first stage of the counter 4 nevertheless supply the reference pulses, and these pulses are combined with the output level of the REVERSE gate 17, to ensure the exact phase position of the counters 11, 12, 14 and 15.
  • This phase should always be correct, it could be distorted when changing 4 t using the counter 6, but in this case, the aforementioned pulses will automatically return them to the correct phase, in one seconds maximum.
  • the counter 13 it cannot come into incorrect phase, its state being determined from the cessation of the general reset RZ, which will be considered below.
  • the BCD counters 4 and 5 also provide the information of hundredths of a second for the current timing, which is why it first passes into a lockable and resettable register 18. Then, after decoding, this information can be displayed if necessary on a display device annexed to the installation.
  • a register 19 is provided, also lockable and resettable and which is readjusted on the content of the counter 13 each time that a reference pulse for even image occurs, it is to say every time that the first stage of counter 4 switches in one direction. As the state of the counter 13 only changes every second, the registration of the register 19 is thus carried out quite frequently.
  • the information in register 19 is also decoded and can be displayed on the appropriate table previously mentioned.
  • the decoded information of registers 18 and 19 is also supplied to the control unit 20, as "CURRENT TIMING".
  • the installation comprises a stop circuit 20, formed of a flip-flop RS, which, when in the active state blocks the registers 18 and 19.
  • the counting of the current timing continues to take place, so that one can foresee an operation of the "catch-up" type, it is also possible to reset the timing after having stopped it.
  • the stop circuit 20 has stopped the current timing registers 18 and 19, it also acts on the control unit 10, in which it actuates a switch arrangement 21 which, for output on the TV network and on the monitors, replaces the superimposed display of the specific image timing with the superimposed display of the current timing, then in the stopped state.
  • the control unit 12 continues to apply the overlay of the image timing, so that the recorded information can if necessary serve as a witness.
  • the stop circuit 20 can be excited either manually by a STOP push-button, or more often than not, by an electrical device (photoelectric arrival cell) providing an IMP STOP pulse.
  • the general reset automatically deactivates the stop circuit 20, which can also be done by hand, using a RATTR push-button (catch-up). This push button acts through a vibrator, to prevent a continuous pressure on it disrupts automatic stopping.
  • the installation also includes a general reset circuit 22 which is formed by an RS flip-flop. This circuit cannot be activated until the stop circuit 20 is not activated, that is to say as long as the timing is not in a stop phase. When this is the case, a reset push-button acts on the circuit 22, by means of a vibrator. On the other hand, the deactivation of the circuit 22 can be caused at any time, either automatically by a start impulse IMP START, or by a start push-button START. In many races, it is a photoelectric or electro-mechanical device which automatically provides the precise moment when the timing must start.
  • the general reset signal RZ is also applied to the control unit 10 in which it operates an auxiliary generator for synchronization 23, which generates synchronization pulses with intervals of 20 ms, alternately on two outputs , the pulses on one output falling in the middle of the interval between two pulses on the other output.
  • a video recorder (or recorder) 24 connected to the control unit 10, on two outputs, one for a group of heads I (even images) and the other for a group of heads II (images odd).
  • the control unit 10 further comprises two outputs for monitors, always in correspondence, for one with heads and camera I (even images), and for the other with heads and camera II (odd images).
  • the video output intended for the standard TV network it is selectively connected either to the group and the camera I, or to the group and the camera II, using a "TV network" selector 25, operable manually and included in the control unit 10.
  • the video magnetic tape can then be read on any device. standard, operating at normal speed, but then on the screen the operations will take place in slow motion, just half the actual speed.
  • the two cameras can advantageously have a common electronic part, in particular the supply circuits and the circuits generating the line frequency. It should also be noted that even the special type recorder used for recording in the installation described can very easily be manufactured by inexpensive modification of a standard recorder.
  • time offset means providing the offset ⁇ t, like the rest of the installation's circuitry, could very well be produced in a manner different from what has just been described, without however depart from the scope of the present invention.
  • the time offset and time offset control means mainly comprising the divider 3, the counter 6 and the actuation keys 7, the OR gates 8 and 9, as well as four EXCLUSIVE OR gates and an AND gate, could very well be replaced by two timers, of the monostable multivibrator type, twin, controlled by the two outputs Q and Q of the first stage of the counter 4, and adjusted as for their timing by a common regulating member, so that the interval between the synchronization pulses for the even images and for odd images remains substantially equal to 10 ms.
  • ZERO could be performed in many other ways, including interlocking and security arrangements against false operations.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
EP78200381A 1977-12-27 1978-12-19 Chronometrische Einrichtung mit Fernsehaufnahmegerät Withdrawn EP0002870A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH16053/77 1977-12-27
CH1605377A CH629066B (fr) 1977-12-27 1977-12-27 Installation de chronometrage avec prise de vue de television.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0002870A1 true EP0002870A1 (de) 1979-07-11

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EP78200381A Withdrawn EP0002870A1 (de) 1977-12-27 1978-12-19 Chronometrische Einrichtung mit Fernsehaufnahmegerät

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EP (1) EP0002870A1 (de)
CH (1) CH629066B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0291627A2 (de) * 1987-05-21 1988-11-23 Augustin Imhof Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Zeit zwischen Start und Ziel von Wettkämpfern od. dgl.
EP0384496A3 (de) * 1987-05-21 1990-11-22 Augustin Imhof Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Zeit zwischen Start und Ziel von keine Lichtschranke auslösenden Wettkämpfern oder dergleichen
EP0402749A1 (de) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-19 Omega Electronics S.A. Zeitnahmevorrichtung für Rennen
EP0432352A2 (de) * 1989-11-15 1991-06-19 Augustin Imhof Verfahren und Vorrichtung Bestimmung der Zeit zwischen Start und Ziel von Wettkämpfern oder dergleichen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4797751A (en) * 1985-06-19 1989-01-10 Yamaguchi Cinema Corporation Electronic camera apparatus for recording and reproducing moving object images

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7505453A (nl) * 1975-05-09 1976-11-11 Philips Nv Tijdmeetinrichting voorzien van een televisie- kamera.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7505453A (nl) * 1975-05-09 1976-11-11 Philips Nv Tijdmeetinrichting voorzien van een televisie- kamera.
DE2620366A1 (de) * 1975-05-09 1976-11-18 Philips Nv Zeitmessanordnung mit einer fernsehkamera
FR2310671A1 (fr) * 1975-05-09 1976-12-03 Philips Nv Chronometre pourvu d'une camera de television

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0291627A2 (de) * 1987-05-21 1988-11-23 Augustin Imhof Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Zeit zwischen Start und Ziel von Wettkämpfern od. dgl.
EP0291627A3 (en) * 1987-05-21 1989-06-14 Augustin Imhof Method and device for determining the time between the start and finish of competitors and the like
EP0384496A3 (de) * 1987-05-21 1990-11-22 Augustin Imhof Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Zeit zwischen Start und Ziel von keine Lichtschranke auslösenden Wettkämpfern oder dergleichen
EP0402749A1 (de) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-19 Omega Electronics S.A. Zeitnahmevorrichtung für Rennen
FR2648594A1 (fr) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-21 Omega Electronics Sa Appareil pour le chronometrage de courses
US5136283A (en) * 1989-06-15 1992-08-04 Omega Electronics S.A. Apparatus for timing races
EP0432352A2 (de) * 1989-11-15 1991-06-19 Augustin Imhof Verfahren und Vorrichtung Bestimmung der Zeit zwischen Start und Ziel von Wettkämpfern oder dergleichen
EP0432352A3 (en) * 1989-11-15 1991-12-27 Augustin Imhof Method and device for determining the time between start and finish of athletes or suchlike

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Publication number Publication date
CH629066GA3 (de) 1982-04-15
CH629066B (fr)

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