Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
  • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
  • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
  • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
  • C10M143/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/02—Bearings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

• patent 3,135,564, issued June 2, 1964 discloses an anti-friction bearing and a method of making it which contains a formed-in-place, unitary, solid, plastisol containing a lubricant completely filling an annular space to provide lubrication.
• Scott and Swartz U.S. patent 3,913,992, issued October 21, 1975 discloses a method and apparatus employing a mass of grease placed on a dispensing surface on a rotating member in such a way that the centrifugal force of the grease against the dispensing surface causes oil to be released from the grease under use conditions.
• compositions and articles formed therefrom consist essentially of about 50 to 90% by weight of an oil of lubricating viscosity and from about 50 to about 10%. by weight of polymethylpentene (PMP) having an average molecular weight in the range from about 3 to about 5 million.
• PMP polymethylpentene
• These compositions are provided in the form of firm tough, solid gels having an oily surface provided by the exudation of oil from the gels.
• the preferred compositions of the invention are made from synthetic hydrocarbon oils having a viscosity in the range from about 20 to about 260 mm 3 /s measured at a temperature of 38°C (100°F).
• Naturally occuring mineral oils may also be employed, but less desirably, since they tend to deteriorate at the high temperatures employed in the preparation of the new lubricating compositions.
• Especially preferred compositions are obtained . from synthetic hydrocarbon oils having a viscosity in the range from about 30 to about 170 mm 2 /s.
• the polymeric component of the new compositions is known in commerce as polymethylpentene (hereinafter PMP) and generally has an average molecular weight in the range from about 3 to about 5 million; polymer having an average molecular weight of about 4 million having been found to provide excellent products. This ; material is available and useful in finely particulate form, i.e. about 60 to about 140 mesh.
• PMP polymethylpentene
• the PMP is simply blended with the oil in a conventional blender to form a physical mixture.
• this mixture may contain about ; 50 to about 90% oil and about 50 to about 10% PMP, based on the weight of the total mixture.
• Preferred proportions are about 65 to about 75% oil and about 35 to about 25% PMP; especially desirable products contain about 70% oil and about 30% PMP in the mixture and in the final product.
• the physical mixture of oil and PMP is then introduced to a mold or into the cavity of a bearing or other article in which it is desired to produce a lubricating mass in situ.
• the mixture is then cured by heating it to a temperature in the range from about 220°C (428°F) to about 260°C (500°F); the exact temperature in the range from about 10°C (18°F) to about 50°C (90°F) above the initial softening temperature of the particular PMP polymer in the mixture, depending on the liquid phase used.
• This curing temperature is maintained for about 45 to about 75 minutes until the mixture becomes transparent and sticky. This end point may be determined visually, by trial and error, or by testing the mixture with a metal rod to which the mixture will adhere when properly cured.
• the final product is then obtained by allowing the cured mixture to cool whereupon it forms a firm, tough, solid gel conforming in shape to the mold or cavity of a bearing or other article in which it was heated.
• the shaped lubricating mass is formed in situ in a bearing, for example, it is used in that form.
• Molded shaped articles may be shaped further, if desired, by conventional cutting, abrading or other procedures.
• the resulting composition or article has an oily surface provided by the exudation of oil from the gel. This exudation of oil . continues until the oil supply is exhausted, thus providing prolonged lubrication of any surface in contact with the gel.
• the new compositions have been found capable of withstanding prolonged use at operating temperatures of up to 145°C (293°F) and, for shorter periods, at up tp 160°C (320°F).
• the oil-polyethylene gel lubricating compositions of the prior art are inoperable at such elevated temperatures, since they become sticky and are discharged from bearings, leaving a dry bearing, at operating temperatures of only about 105°C (221°F) to 110°C (230°F). It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, . therefore, that the new PMP containing lubricant compositions and articles,constitute a distinct improvement over the prior art for use at operating temperatures above 105°C (221°F).
• the physical characteristics of the gels of the present invention vary somewhat depending upon the average molecular weight of the PMP and the proportion of that material in the final lubricating composition. Increasing the molecular weight and concentration of PMP in the composition increases the firmness, toughness and rigidity of the gel. These characteristics are correspondingly decreased by decreasing the molecular weight and concentration of the PMP in the composition. It will be seen, therefore, that by varying the molecular weight and concentration of the PMP, lubricating compositions can be produced which are especially adapted for use in particular application.
• a shaped mass of lubricating gel was prepared containing 70% oil and 30% PMP by weight of the total composition. More specifically 40 grams of PMP was mixed with 93 grams of lubricating oil in a conventional blender for about one minute until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.
• the PMP was in the form of a 60-120 mesh powder which is commercially available under the trade name "TPX Polymer” from Mitsui Petrdchemical Industries, Mitsui & Company Incorporated. This PMP has an average molecular weight of 4 million.
• the oil was a synthetic hydrocarbon oil available from Mobil Oil Corporation under the trade name "SHC624" and had a viscosity of 33 mm 2 /s at 38°C (100°F).
• the oil-PMP mixture was charged to a suitable mold with provision for heating, heated to 218°C (425 F) and maintained at that temperature for 60 minutes. The end is reached when the mixture becomes transparent and self-cohesive.
• Example 1 The general procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that 10% PMP was mixed with 90% Mobil SHC 624.
• the resulting shaped lubricating gel mass was similar to that obtained in Example 1 but was much more flexible due to the decreased percentage of polymer present.
• Example 2 The general procedure of Example 2 was repeated with the exception that 50% PMP was mixed with 50% Mobil SHC 624. The cure temperature was again 218°C (425°F). However, the end point was not obtained until 180 minutes of cure. The resulting shaped lubricating gel mass was similar to that obtained in Example 1 but was much harder and less oil exuding. These effects are attributable to the increase in polymer content.
• Example 3A The general procedure of Example 3A was repeated with the exception that the cure was 232°C (450 F) for one hour. A similar lubricating gel mass was obtained. The reduction in curing time was related to the increase in curing temperature. ,
• Example 1 The general procedure of Example 1 was repeated using the same PMP but substituting Mobil "SHC 629" for the oil used previously. This oil differs primarily.in having a viscosity of 160 mm 2 /s at 38°C (1]00°F). No end point of the cure cycle was reached after 240 minutes using a 218°C (425°F) cure temperature. No shaped mass was formed. This is attributable to the greatly increased viscosity of the lubricant which hinders intimate mixing during the cure cycle at 218°C (425°F).
• Example 4 The general procedure of Example 4 was repeated except a cure temperature of 254°C (490°F) was employed. An end point was reached in 45-50 minutes. The resulting shaped lubricating gel was similar to that obtained in Example 1.
• Example 1 The general procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that diester lubricant Exxon 2380 was substituted for the previously used oil. The cure cycle was 25.2°C (485°F) for. 60 minutes. The resultant shaped mass was obtained in the form of a tough, resilient solid gel with an oily surface caused by the exudation of oil from the gel.
• Example 2 The general procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that Mobil DTE XH, a mineral oil based lubricant, with a viscosity of 138 mm 2 /s at 38°C (100°F) was substituted for the previously used oil.
• Mobil DTE XH a mineral oil based lubricant, with a viscosity of 138 mm 2 /s at 38°C (100°F) was substituted for the previously used oil.
• the resultant shaped mass was grainy and discolored due to substantial oxidation of the Mobil DTE XH.
• a functional test was designed in order to assess the relative merits of the new lubricating compositions and similar oil-polyethylene lubricating gels of the prior art.
• a standard 6205 Ball bearing having a fixed outer ring and a rotatable inner ring was provided with an intermediate lubricant mass to be tested having a surface in contact with the rotating inner ring. This apparatus was then used in a series of tests as follows:
• the speed of rotation of the inner ring of the bearing was increased step-wise in 3600 rpm increments, allowing the apparaturs to run until the operating temperature had stabilized at each step. No extraneous heat was supplied, i.e. the test was. run under ambient temperature conditions.
• the bearing speed reached 7200 rpm at which speed the oil-polyethylene gel lubricant failed by the lubricant mass being expelled from the bearing.
• the bearing temperature was 49°C (120°F) at 7200 rpm.
• Example 8 (d) The procedure of Example 8 (c) was repeated substituting an oil-PMP lubricating mass according to Example 5. In this test the bearing was run at ambient temperature for 140 hours. Then the temperature was raised in controlled increments over a period of four hours until an operating temperature of 149°C (300°F) was reached. The bearing was permitted to run for an additional 670 hours at a speed of 3600 tpm and 149°C (300°F) operating temperature before terminating the test, without failure.
• oil-PMP lubricating compositions of the present invention are markedly superior to the oil-polyethylene compositions of the prior art at operating temperatures above 93°C (200°F) .
• oils of lubricating viscosity in the range of 15 to ; 300 mm 2 /s or more can be employed in the compositions of the present invention.
• the invention is operable with lubricants , having a mineral oil base, diester oil base, or synthetic hydrocarbon oil base and all three types are represented in the examples.
• the , PMP-oil mixtures can be stabilized so that they may be shipped in that form prior to being fully gelled by the purchaser or final user. This is done by partially curing the PMP-oil mixture by heating to a temperature of about 28° to 42°C (50° to 75°F) below the curing temperature of the particular mixture and maintaining this temperature for a period of about 15 to 20 minutes to form a partially gelled and atabilized product of grease-like consistancy. After shipping and/or storage such stabilized products are curable in the usual way to provide the shaped relatively rigid gels of the invention.
• the PMP oil mixture of Example 5, containing Mobil SHC 629 which cured at 254°C (490°F) would be heated to about 224°C (435°F) for 15 to 20 minutes to obtain a stabilized mixture for shipping.
• the curing temperature of the PMP-oil mixtures varies somewhat depending on the identity of the particular oil and its viscosity. In general the higher the viscosity of the oil, the higher the temperature required to achieve an adequate cure.
• the optimum curing temperature for any particular PMP-oil mixture can ' of course, be determined by trial and error or by experience. Inasmuch as the compositions of the present invention are curable at temperatures within the range of about 220°C (428°F) to about 260°C (500°F), they may be stabilized by heating for 15 to 20 minutes at temperatures within the range from about 178°C (353°F) to about 218°C (425°F).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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Cited By (5)

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• 1977
  • 1977-07-20 US US05/817,147 patent/US4146487A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1978
  • 1978-06-26 AU AU37455/78A patent/AU515161B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-29 SE SE7807345A patent/SE442872B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-29 NL NL7806999A patent/NL7806999A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1978-06-29 EP EP78100269A patent/EP0000697B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1978-07-08 DE DE19782830136 patent/DE2830136A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1978-07-17 IT IT25740/78A patent/IT1112280B/it active
  • 1978-07-17 JP JP8618678A patent/JPS5422415A/ja active Granted
  • 1978-07-19 DK DK322578A patent/DK153085C/da active
  • 1978-07-19 CA CA307,676A patent/CA1096367A/en not_active Expired

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