EP0000321A1 - Lastbe- und Entladevorrichtung für Transportfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Lastbe- und Entladevorrichtung für Transportfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000321A1
EP0000321A1 EP78850004A EP78850004A EP0000321A1 EP 0000321 A1 EP0000321 A1 EP 0000321A1 EP 78850004 A EP78850004 A EP 78850004A EP 78850004 A EP78850004 A EP 78850004A EP 0000321 A1 EP0000321 A1 EP 0000321A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
goods
conveyer
load handling
handling apparatus
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP78850004A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000321B1 (de
Inventor
Claes Fredrik Nordström
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apl System Te Gotenburg Zweden AB
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0000321A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000321A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000321B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000321B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
    • B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
    • B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
    • B65G67/20—Loading covered vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G13/00—Roller-ways
    • B65G13/11—Roller frames
    • B65G13/12—Roller frames adjustable

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a goods-handling method and apparatus for loading and unloading of transport vehicles, particularly palletized goods but also other goods which like palletized goods permit the insertion of life arms beneath the goods between said gocas and a base.
  • the problem underlying the invention is that the loading and unloading systems utilized at present require an expensive and relatively heavy equipment which is fixedly mounted on the vehicle platform; besides they are relatively slow and require heavy manual work. By their fixed mounting on the vehicle they restrict the usefulness of the vehicle for transporting goods of varying kind, such. as gravel in alternation with palletized goods.
  • a mobile conveyer comprising a frame and a longitudinally extensible, so-called “bellows type” structure, viz. a structure which can be extended to several times its collapses length and is provided with a roller or wheel path which receives the goods from a conveyer on the frame and on which. the goods can be conveyed onto the road vehicle where they are transferred manually from the end of the "accordion conveyer".
  • This device can also be used for unloading and then requires that the goods are lifted onto the "bellows type” conveyer.
  • a variant of this loading apparatus includes instead of the "bellows type” conveyer a pivotally mounted belt conveyer, the loading apparatus being positioned laterally of the vehicle with the conveyer pivoted so as tc inwardly over the platform. This conveyer the vehicle platform is accessible from the necessitates heavy manual work for lifting off and on goods, on loading and unloading.
  • belt conveyers which can be moved in over a vehicle platform longitudinally thereof either with a cantilever arm or an arm supported on the vehicle platform. Also in this caso heavy manual work is required for lifting the goods, at least when unloading is to be effected.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus which permit relatively rapid and easy loading and unloading of goods of the kind indicated in the foregoing. Said method and apparatus eliminate heavy manual work and do not bind the vehicle to the transport of unitized goods, such as palletized goods or goods equivalent from the view point of handling.
  • the method and apparatus according to the invention facilitate, by means of at least one lift arm, loading and particularly unloading of palletized or other goods which in relation to a base on which the goods are deposited, like the pallet of palletized goods, define at least one open-ended through channel of restricted width and height.
  • An elongated conveyer of smaller width and considerable smaller height than the channel is mounted as a raisable and lowerable lift arm on a likewise elongated supporting base structure of smaller width than the channel and of so small a height that the supporting structure and the lift arm/conveyer constitutes an elongated lifter and conveyer unit of a height that in the lowermost position of the lift arm/conveyer relative co the supporting structure is smaller and in the uppermost sition qreater than the height of the channel.
  • ted, narrow and low lifter and conveyer unit for or unloading the goods is relatively moved into said channel to a position beneath the goods with structure of the unit resting on the base.
  • the lift arm/ conveyer is then positively raised in relation to the supporting structure and the base so that the goods are lifted from the base.
  • the goods are moved in their lifted position on the raised lift arm/conveyer longitudinally thereof and the goods are lowered at the selected position at a distance from the place of lifting, which is restricted by the reach of the lift arm/conveyer, by lowering of the lift arm/conveyer, after which if desired, said unit is retracted or moved out of said channel to be used for lifting and conveying other goods.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a goods terminal with a warehouse and a number of loading docks
  • Fig. 2 shows one of the loading docks in Fig. 1 and fragmentarily a transport vehicle or trailer into which palletized goods are loaded in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a variant of a loading dock and in connection therewith a vertically adjustable transfer conveyer and a load handling apparatus according to the invention
  • Figs. 4 and 5 fragmeniarily show two embodiments of an apparatus including a loading and unloading conveyer according to the invention, the cross-sectional height of which can be increased and reduced
  • Fig. 6 shows a modification of the apparatus in Fig. 5
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a goods terminal with a warehouse and a number of loading docks
  • Fig. 2 shows one of the loading docks in Fig. 1 and fragmentarily a transport vehicle or trailer into which palletized goods are loaded in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a variant of a loading dock and in
  • FIG. 7 shows a load handling apparatus with a main conveyer and two conveyer arms projecting therefrom;
  • Fig. 8 is a section on the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 shows a load handling apparatus with sloping front end;
  • Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view of a transport system in which a load handling apparatus according to the invention is included,
  • Fig. 1 shows by way of example of the application of the invention a covered transport vehicle 1 in position at a loading dock 2 to be loaded with palletized goods which are discharged from a so-called automatic or roller compartment store 3 to which the goods are moved on a roller belt conveyer 4 and lifted by means of a so-called coordinate crane 5 and sorted into the roller compartments 6 of the store.
  • Loading and unloading of the store can be controlled by computer in conventional manner.
  • the bottle neck in the unloading operation is the transfer of the goods from the conveyers (e.g. the roller conveyers or roller tracks) to the transport vehicle (cargo truck, trailer, semitrailer)
  • the idea underlying the invention is to make use of the platform of the truck (trailer, semitrailer) as an unloading point when the goods are moved onto the platform, which makes it possible to use load handling (lifting and transporting) apparatus of a lightweight construction.
  • load handling lifting and transporting
  • this load handling construction or apparatus can be attended to by one operator, e.g. the driver, because of its simplicity and flexible adaptability to conventional conveyers on loading docks.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example of how goods carried on pallets 7 are transferred from the loading dock 2 to the vehicle platform (here shown as an open platform) by e.g. electrical control pulses to electrical drive motors for the conveyers from a control stand 8, and Fig. 3 shows a load handling apparatus 9 according to the invention placed on the vehicle platform.
  • this load handling apparatus may be embodied in different ways, all embodiments having in common that the apparatus can readily be placed on the vehicle platform and that after the loading of the it may easily be withdrawn from the underside goods without changing the position thereof.
  • Fig. 3 shows a load handling apparatus 9 according to the invention placed on the vehicle platform.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown by way of example another type of loading dock 2' on which goods can be conveyed from two opposite directions to a reversible conveyer 10, turntable or the like from which the goods are transferred to a vertically adjustable conveyer 11 and from there to a loading dock 2' which may be vertically adjustable and from which the goods are transferred to the load handling apparatus 9 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows an example of a load handling lifter and conveyer apparatus according to the invention.
  • This apparatus comprises a subframe 15 and a conveyer 16 which is raisable and lowerable in relation to the subframe and may be in the form of a roller conveyer.
  • One or more or all rollers 17 may be driven, e.g. by electric motors, and should preferably be drivable in opposite directions to permit both loading and unloading.
  • the subframe 15 may be in the form of a carriage having a number of supporting rollers or wheels 18, which may advantageously be connected to drive means (not shown).
  • the subframe 15 includes two laterally spaced beams 19 (only one shown in Fig. 4) which may be interconnected only at the.
  • the conveyer 16 may fundamentally be of the same construction as the frame, and in the embodiment in Fig. 4 the load handling apparatus can therefore be Ln the form of a fork with two elongated horizontal arms.
  • the subframe 15 and the conveyer 16 are interconnected movably in relation to each other such as by means of a number of longitudinally spaced levers or links 21 which are pive- cally connected to both the subframe and the conveyer.
  • these links 21 constitute draw links by means of which the conveyer 16 ray be raised in relation to the subframe 15 by exerting a force on the conveyer 16 in the longitudinal direction with respect to the subframe 15.
  • Fig. 4 these links 21 constitute draw links by means of which the conveyer 16 ray be raised in relation to the subframe 15 by exerting a force on the conveyer 16 in the longitudinal direction with respect to the subframe 15.
  • said force can be exerted by means of one or more hydraulic cylinders 22 which are supported in que or both beams 19 which may be for example inverted 1-beams.
  • the piston rod 23 has a head 24 which extends upw ardly for exerting pressure against an abutment 25 fixel to the corresponding conveyer beam 20 when the piston road is retracted into the cylinder 22.
  • the load handling apparatus 9 should be so dimensioned that-its width and height (the height between the undersides of the wheels 18 of the subframe 15 and the upper sides of the rollers 17 of the conveyer 16) allows the introduction of the load handling apparatus with its elongated conveyer and lifting arms into such channels 30 which are usually arranged in the subframes of pallets to facilitate handling of the pallets by forklift trucks, and it shall be possible to realize this introduction of the conveyer and lifting arms of the load handling apparatus when the pallets 7 are positioned on a base.
  • the conveyer 16 of the load handling apparatus should be raised relative to the subframe 15 to a height sufficient to allow the pallets 31 to go free from the vehicle platform when they are transferred to it.
  • the loading dock 2' shall therefore be set to such a height position that the roller conveyer or roller track conveyer on the loading dock 2' has its loading plane on a level with that of the conveyer 16, i.e. on a level with the upper sides of the rollers 17 when the conveyer 16 is raised sufficiently relative to the subframe 15 of the loading apparatus to allow the pallets to go free from the vehicle platform.
  • the conveyers of the loading dock 2' can simultaneously transfer two double rows of pallets with goods thereon to the conveyers 16 of the two load handling apparatuses 9.
  • the conveyers 16 are then lowered onto the respective subframes 15. In this position the dimensions of the load handling apparatuses shall be such that the pallets rest on the vehicle platform.
  • the load handling apparatuses on the vehicle platform can without any difficulty be withdrawn from the undersides of the pallets, and it is even conceivable for the load handling apparatuses to be withdrawn from the vehicle platform on the support wheels 18 or by the conveyer rollers 17 if any one of these are driven.
  • the rollers 17 are to be used for this purpose the height positions of the conveyers 16 are first so adjusted that the rollers 17 only engage the undersides of the pallets with driving friction while the pallets with the majority of their weight rest on the vehicle platform.
  • the load hanaling apparatus fragmantarilly and schematically shown in Fig. 5 is a modification of the embodiment of Fig. 4 and differs therefrom in that hydraulic cylinders 35 are used for lifting the conveyer portion 16 in relation to the subframe portion 15. It is readily seen from Fig. 5 how the conveyer 16 can be raisea and, lowered in relation to the subframe 15.
  • the load handling apparatuses shown in Figs. 4 and 5 are intended for so-called "short side handling" of palletized goods, which means that use is made of conventional pallet channels for insertion of conventional lift forks of forklift trucks, and which channels are wholly open downwardly and at the short sides of the pallet.
  • the loading and unloacine is carried out by means of the apparatus having a subframe and a raisable roller track or other conveyer track, which apparatus is moved in or placed on the vehicle platform and can be vertically adjusted so that the pallets when placed or transferred on to the apparatus according to the invention do not with their undersides touch the vehicle platform on which the apparatus is placed.
  • the pallets with the goods thereon can be easily transported on the apparatus in the longitudinal direction thereof, and when the pallets have reached the intended position on the platform, the upper conveyer portion of the a p para- tus is lowered so that the pallets will stand on the platform and the apparatus which preferably is fork-shaped with elongated arms can then be withdrawn.
  • the load handling apparatus in over the vehicle platform and for returning the apparatus from the vehicle platform use may be made of for example a rack transmission, a hydraulic cylinder or other suitable means, instead of using driven wheels 18 or rollers 17 as described above,
  • handling for example, handling of goods on pallets of the type "Europa-pall", container-loaded goods etc.
  • the full effective loading height of the transport vehicles can be exploited because the pallets move only some centimetres over the surface of the vehicle platform during the loading and unloading operations.
  • the load handling apparatuses described in the foregoing can be adapted for handling of goods without making use of the channels of the pallets, in which case the pallets should be placed on longitudinal supports (for example beams) on the base, for example the vehicle platform, whereby channel-like spaces are obtained between the base and undersides of the pallets and handling operations equivalent to that described above may be effected.
  • longitudinal supports for example beams
  • the base for example the vehicle platform
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a load handling apparatus 9a according to the invention, which is intended for this purpose.
  • the conveyer of This conveyer is operable by means of a piston and cylinder unit 44 which may be of the hydraulic type and may have the form of a telescoping cylinder if a large stroke length is desired.
  • the fork arms 42 are provided at their front ends with retractable abutments which may be the front rollers 17c of the extension conveyer 16c. In the normal position of the conveyer 16c its conveying rollers 17c are on a level with the rollers 17a, 17b of the conveyer 16a, 17b.
  • the conveyer 16a, 16b can be of decreasing height towards the front end thereof, which applies also to the extension conveyer 16c which, however, in an embodiment of the type shown in Fig. 5 can be lowered more at one end by its cylinders 35 (cf. Fig. 5) if an inclination is desired when the goods are discharged.
  • said fork conveyer 16c can be moved away from a pallet deposited onto the vehicle platform in the manner earlier described, and in the former case (with the pallet placed transversely of the fork conveyer, i.e. so-called ''long side handling") the fork conveyer 16c cannot be entirely unloaded before it has been retracted from the delivered goods. However the fork conveyer 16c can be lowered with its conveying section (conveying section 16 in Fig.
  • this sectic can be inclined in a forward direction to permit retraction of the fork conveyer 16c without carrying the pallet along in its retraction movement.
  • the rollers o. the fork conveyer 16c may during the retraction movement be driven "forwardly" at the same rate as the fork conveyer is retracted in
  • the load handling apparatus illustrated in Fig. 6 can without any difficulty be used for unloading palletized goods if the pallets are positioned with their channels facing in the proper direction, at is, such that the it is necessary first to create space for inserting the fork arms of the fork converer 16c beneath the bottom boards 50 of the pallet, e.g. by placing the pallets on longitudinal rails or like members on the vehicle platform supporting conveyer surface which may be in the form of small rollers or, optionally, balls.
  • the pallets supplied can slide on the sloping surface of the wedge, the outer end of which may optionally be pressed in beneath pallets placed on the vehicle platform by suitable means also in such cases in which the roller wedge cannot be inserted beneath the conveyer without the latter being lifted.
  • Fig. 10 shows a conveying system including a connecting track 2 with a switch 70 for reversing the direction of motion of the pallets, and in conjunction with the switch 70 there is arranged a transfer conveyer 71 for conveying pallets or like goods to a vertically adjustable table 72.
  • Said table 72 is carried on a fram which is operable in conventional manner by means of a hydraulic cylinder for moving the table 72 in horizontal position upwards and downwards. From said table 72 the conveyer 16, 16a/16b, 16c or 16c' can be moved onto a vehicle platform or the like in correct level position.
  • the table 72 and its frame 73 constitute parts of the load handling apparatus according to the invention.
  • an arm 16 in Figs. 4 and 5 could be used as a load handling apparatus in certain simple cases without forming a part of a fork. of the pallets.
  • the arms 42' of the fork conveyer 16c' can simply be of the same design as the arns of the conveyer section 16 in the load handling apparatuses in Figs. 4 and 5. However, these arms 42' are raisable and lowerable at their rear ends for instance by means of hydraulic cylinders 51 with pistons 52 shown in Fig. 8 which engage a bottom plate 53 of the conveyer 16a/15b.
  • the rear ends of the arms 42' are widened so as to form heads 54 which are guided in the grooves 41 and which in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 can be fixed on two different levels between the fork arms 40a, b, c of the conveyer 16a/16b, such as the arms 40a and 40b in Fig. 8.
  • For this fixation use can be made of hydraulically operated wedges or guide rollers 60 which by the action of a hydraulic cylinder can be moved in opposite directions into guide grooves 61, 62 in the side walls of arms 40a, 40b.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 51 as well as the hydraulic cylinder 60' are housed in the arm head portion 54 is of a suitable hollow construction hereror.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
EP78850004A 1977-06-27 1978-06-26 Lastbe- und Entladevorrichtung für Transportfahrzeuge Expired EP0000321B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7707375A SE414019B (sv) 1977-06-27 1977-06-27 Lasthanteringsanordning
SE7707375 1977-06-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000321A1 true EP0000321A1 (de) 1979-01-10
EP0000321B1 EP0000321B1 (de) 1982-12-08

Family

ID=20331692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78850004A Expired EP0000321B1 (de) 1977-06-27 1978-06-26 Lastbe- und Entladevorrichtung für Transportfahrzeuge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0000321B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5442774A (de)
AU (1) AU3750478A (de)
BR (1) BR7804101A (de)
DE (1) DE2862115D1 (de)
SE (1) SE414019B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0114343A1 (de) * 1982-12-20 1984-08-01 Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH Kombiniertes Verteilergerät für Stückgut
FR2575446A1 (fr) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-04 Loir Atel Chaudron Tolerie Ind Dispositif de chargement-dechargement rapide de vehicule
GB2248822A (en) * 1990-07-14 1992-04-22 Robin Matthews Loading and unloading containers
DE9203913U1 (de) * 1992-03-24 1992-07-02 HaRo-Förderelemente Hackländer Rollen GmbH, 5632 Wermelskirchen Staubahn, insbesondere Rollenbahn für flächige Lager- und/oder Transportgüter mit Vereinzelungseinrichtung
EP3020663A1 (de) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-18 TNT Holdings B.V. Warenumschlaglager mit ladebuchten
CN107651356A (zh) * 2017-10-17 2018-02-02 贵州莱利斯机械设计制造有限责任公司 一种阳极托盘输送机及输送方法
CN108163437A (zh) * 2018-01-22 2018-06-15 浙江恒天凡腾科技股份有限公司 一种染料粉末立体式仓储称量系统

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA3056894C (en) 2017-03-20 2023-10-03 Berkshire Grey, Inc. Systems and methods for processing objects including transport vehicles
US11267662B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2022-03-08 Berkshire Grey, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling the disgorging of objects in containers by vibratory motion
CN115352905B (zh) * 2022-10-19 2023-02-07 四川藏区高速公路有限责任公司 可变距离公路物料输送装置
EP4431169A1 (de) 2023-03-17 2024-09-18 Siegfried AG Methode zur reinigung von cannabinoid-komponenten aus pflanzenextrakten

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2065039A5 (de) * 1969-10-07 1971-07-23 Pluimveeslachterij Wezep
FR2122015A5 (de) * 1971-01-12 1972-08-25 Chapuis Transports
GB1316267A (en) * 1969-07-15 1973-05-09 Sieder J S Load handling devices
FR2219094A1 (de) * 1973-02-22 1974-09-20 Japan National Railway

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1316267A (en) * 1969-07-15 1973-05-09 Sieder J S Load handling devices
FR2065039A5 (de) * 1969-10-07 1971-07-23 Pluimveeslachterij Wezep
FR2122015A5 (de) * 1971-01-12 1972-08-25 Chapuis Transports
FR2219094A1 (de) * 1973-02-22 1974-09-20 Japan National Railway

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0114343A1 (de) * 1982-12-20 1984-08-01 Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH Kombiniertes Verteilergerät für Stückgut
FR2575446A1 (fr) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-04 Loir Atel Chaudron Tolerie Ind Dispositif de chargement-dechargement rapide de vehicule
GB2248822A (en) * 1990-07-14 1992-04-22 Robin Matthews Loading and unloading containers
GB2248822B (en) * 1990-07-14 1995-03-22 Robin Matthews Load handling
DE9203913U1 (de) * 1992-03-24 1992-07-02 HaRo-Förderelemente Hackländer Rollen GmbH, 5632 Wermelskirchen Staubahn, insbesondere Rollenbahn für flächige Lager- und/oder Transportgüter mit Vereinzelungseinrichtung
EP3020663A1 (de) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-18 TNT Holdings B.V. Warenumschlaglager mit ladebuchten
CN107651356A (zh) * 2017-10-17 2018-02-02 贵州莱利斯机械设计制造有限责任公司 一种阳极托盘输送机及输送方法
CN108163437A (zh) * 2018-01-22 2018-06-15 浙江恒天凡腾科技股份有限公司 一种染料粉末立体式仓储称量系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5442774A (en) 1979-04-04
SE7707375L (sv) 1978-12-28
EP0000321B1 (de) 1982-12-08
BR7804101A (pt) 1979-01-16
SE414019B (sv) 1980-07-07
AU3750478A (en) 1980-01-03
DE2862115D1 (en) 1983-01-13

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