EP0000295B1 - Lift truck - Google Patents

Lift truck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000295B1
EP0000295B1 EP78400003A EP78400003A EP0000295B1 EP 0000295 B1 EP0000295 B1 EP 0000295B1 EP 78400003 A EP78400003 A EP 78400003A EP 78400003 A EP78400003 A EP 78400003A EP 0000295 B1 EP0000295 B1 EP 0000295B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
chassis
lift truck
load
truck according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78400003A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0000295A1 (en
Inventor
Georges Itey-Bernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Publication of EP0000295A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000295A1/en
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Publication of EP0000295B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000295B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/065—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S414/00—Material or article handling
    • Y10S414/13—Handlers utilizing parallel links

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a forklift of the type comprising a chassis, a mast which can be lifted relative to the chassis, a cylinder for controlling the lifting and lowering of the mast, a load-carrying plate secured to the mast, a hinge pin carried by the base of the mast and which is integral with a movable slide guided horizontally on the chassis.
  • US patent A-1 623 194 discloses an orientable loading device mounted on rails which maneuvers a stationary shovel excavator. The overhang of the load is here permanent during the work of the machine regardless of its orientation.
  • US-A-2 310 284 describes a loading shovel adaptable to a crawler tractor whose lifting cylinder guides all of the shovel support arms between horizontal and vertical beams.
  • the main object of the invention is therefore a lift truck with improved stability in which all of the means designed to improve the stability of the truck do not in any way modify the size of the truck or its mass.
  • the invention also relates to a forklift whose arrangement of the lifting device allows a significant improvement in visibility.
  • the invention also relates to a forklift whose organs of the lifting device occupy a position favorable to the reduction of the masses located at the front of the drive axle, to the lowering of the center of gravity, and to the increased driver's visual field.
  • the base of the lifting mast carries a hinge pin secured to a slide mounted in longitudinal translation at the lower part of the chassis of the carriage under the action of a control means.
  • the lifting mast can occupy any inclined position, a substantially horizontal position, and its center of gravity is located between the axles of the truck, which greatly increases its static balance and the visual field of the driver.
  • the trolley is rendered insensitive to the dynamic forces generated as a result of its acceleration or deceleration.
  • the carriage shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a chassis 1, drive wheels 2, steerable or drive wheels 3 forming part of two axles respectively located at the front and at the rear of the carriage.
  • the chassis 1 essentially comprises at its base, two lateral beams 5, 6 which support a connecting plate 7 and which are braced by three crosspieces 8, 9, 10.
  • Each beam extends between the front and rear wheels 2, 3 and is composed of a "1" profile with horizontal wings oriented towards the longitudinal axis of the carriage.
  • the wings of the two aforementioned sections constitute raceways as will be seen below.
  • Two vertical uprights 11, 12 are integral with each spar 5 and 6.
  • the front uprights 11 support the axis of the driving axle, while the rear uprights 12 anchor the two bodies of jacks whose role we will examine more far.
  • a number of ribs give the chassis the rigidity and resistance necessary to absorb the overturning torque of the carriage and the reaction force of the control cylinder.
  • the drawing shows schematically the control battery 13 of the drive motor 14, the oil tank 15, the counterweight 16, part of the driver's protective casing and the steering mechanism 17.
  • the lifting device shown in more detail in Figure 1, essentially comprises at least one lifting mast 19 constituted, for example, by a beam resistant to torsional and bending forces.
  • the end of the mast carries a load-carrying plate constituted by a fork 20 with variable spacing, supported by two crosspieces 21 and 22, connected by gussets 23, and which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the carriage.
  • the length of the crosspieces 21, 22 is substantially less than the width of the carriage.
  • the spacing of the fork arms is effected in a conventional manner by sliding these arms on the crosspieces 21, 22.
  • the load-bearing plate is made integral with the lifting mast by means of an axis 24 carried by the gussets 23.
  • the lifting mast cooperates with a set of means which allow it to occupy their horizontal position when the load-bearing plate is lowered.
  • the base of the mast 19 carries a hinge pin 25 integral with a slide 26.
  • the latter is produced in the form of a small guided carriage and essentially comprises two small braced beams carrying four rollers of bearing "g", guided by the surface of the profile in "1" of the side members 5 and 6.
  • the rollers "g” therefore allow the translation of the guide carriage 26 and, consequently, the displacement of the axis 25 in a horizontal plane.
  • the guide carriage 26 also carries the hinge pin 30 of a main positioning rod 28, the ends of which rotate about an articulation axis 27 and around the axis 30.
  • the axis d the articulation 27 is fixed to a pair of gussets 29 secured to the upper crosspiece 22.
  • the distance between the axes 25 and 30, carried by the guide carriage 26, is equal to the distance between the axes 24 and 27.
  • the axes 25, 30 and 24, 27 are, moreover, parallel to each other, included in parallel planes and consequently constitute edges of a non-deformable parallelepiped during the movements of the carriage 26.
  • the chassis 1 carries the fixed articulation axis 31, of a support rod 32, the length of which is equal to half of the distance separating the articulation axis 25 from the lifting mast 19 on the guide carriage 26, from the articulation axis 24 of the load-bearing platform with forks 20.
  • the articulation axis 31 is coaxial with axis 24 when the load-bearing plate occupies a low position.
  • the support rod 32 is, moreover, articulated on the mast 19 about an axis 0 'situated midway between the parallel axes 25, 24 and in the plane defined by these axes.
  • the lifting mast 19 carries the anchor of a traction member coupled to a jack.
  • the anchoring of the traction member consists of a yoke 37 welded to the mast.
  • the yoke 37 carries the axis of rotation 36 of an articulated tenon 38.
  • the tenon 38 is integral with the traction member constituted according to the example chosen by a chain 39 which cooperates with the contact surface of a rotating cam 40.
  • Two actuating cylinders 41 here ensure the lifting or lowering movement of the mast.
  • the body of each jack 41 is articulated on an upright 12, and the push rod 42 of the jack carries a tension roller 43 of the traction chain 39, the ends of which are respectively anchored on the lug 38 and on the cylinder body.
  • the tensile or tensioning force on the chain 39 is supported by the axis of rotation 45 of the cam 40.
  • the axis 45 is carried by a yoke attached to an element of the chassis 1 of the carriage.
  • the profile of the surface of the cam 40 is such that the control force imparted to the mast 19 by the chain 39 is substantially perpendicular to said mast.
  • the chain position 39 between the tension roller 43 and the pin 38 is wound during a fraction of the mast travel around the cam 40, while retaining the coupling with play between the pin 38 and a mortise 46 of said cam 40.
  • the tenon 38 has left the mortise 46 and this tenon-mortise coupling becomes effective again when the mast is lowered.
  • the carriage 26 moves along the longitudinal members 5, 6. This movement is accompanied by a rotation of the support rod 32 around the fixed axis 31.
  • the axis of articulation 0 'of the connecting rod 32 on the mast 19 therefore describes an arc of a circle around the axis 31 and the fork load carrier plate 20 moves vertically parallel to the vertical passing through said axis 31.
  • Two vertical parallel sheets G respectively bolted to the longitudinal members 5 and 6 and on the vertical uprights 11, placed at the front of the carriage, ensure the guidance of the mast during its lifting or lowering movement and avoid accidental lateral offsets of the mast and of his charge.
  • the positioning rod 28 can carry, if desired, an additional protective frame which extends vertically in front of the driver's knees during the evolutions of the carriage with its mast lowered.
  • an additional protective frame which extends vertically in front of the driver's knees during the evolutions of the carriage with its mast lowered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un chariot élévateur du type comportant un châssis, un mât relevable par rapport au châssis, un vérin de commande du relevage et de l'abaissement du mât, un plateau porte-charge solidaire du mât, un axe d'articulation porté par la base du mât et qui est solidaire d'un coulisseau mobile guidé horizontalement sur le châssis.The present invention relates to a forklift of the type comprising a chassis, a mast which can be lifted relative to the chassis, a cylinder for controlling the lifting and lowering of the mast, a load-carrying plate secured to the mast, a hinge pin carried by the base of the mast and which is integral with a movable slide guided horizontally on the chassis.

On connaît par le brevet US-A-1 623 194 un engin de chargement orientable monté sur rails qui manoeuvre à poste fixe une pelle excavatrice. Le porte à faux de la charge est ici permanent pendant le travail de l'engin quelle que soit l'orientation de celui-ci.US patent A-1 623 194 discloses an orientable loading device mounted on rails which maneuvers a stationary shovel excavator. The overhang of the load is here permanent during the work of the machine regardless of its orientation.

Le brevet US-A-2 310 284 décrit une pelle de chargement adaptable à un tracteur à chenilles dont le vérin de relevage guide l'ensemble des bras supports de la pelle entre des poutres horizontales et verticales.US-A-2 310 284 describes a loading shovel adaptable to a crawler tractor whose lifting cylinder guides all of the shovel support arms between horizontal and vertical beams.

Ces structures connues conduisent donc à la construction de chariots élévateurs chargés à l'avant de l'essieu moteur, que l'on doit également alourdir au niveau de l'essieu arrière directeur, dans le but de repositionner le centre de gravité du chariot dans son polygone de sustentation. Ce polygone est généralement un triangle isocèle, dont les sommets constituent la projection au sol de l'axe d'articulation de l'essieu directeur et les points de contact des roues motrices. Les chariots élévateurs connus sont, de ce fait, relativement volumineux et lourds et dépensent une quantité substancielle d'énergie lors de leur évolution. La position du centre de gravité au dessus du sol augmente les risques de basculement du chariot, par exemple lors des changements de direction et des décélérations. On conçoit également que l'accroissement de la masse du chariot, sa répartition et la position de son centre de gravité engendrent des inerties verticales, transversales et longitudinales et, par voie de conséquence, des mouvements parasites dangereux pour le conducteur et la charge transportée.These known structures therefore lead to the construction of forklifts loaded at the front of the drive axle, which must also be weighed down at the rear steering axle, in order to reposition the center of gravity of the carriage in its lift polygon. This polygon is generally an isosceles triangle, the vertices of which constitute the projection on the ground of the articulation axis of the steering axle and the contact points of the drive wheels. Known forklifts are, therefore, relatively bulky and heavy and spend a substantial amount of energy during their evolution. The position of the center of gravity above the ground increases the risk of the truck tipping over, for example during changes of direction and decelerations. It is also understood that the increase in the mass of the carriage, its distribution and the position of its center of gravity generate vertical, transverse and longitudinal inertias and, consequently, parasitic movements dangerous for the driver and the load transported.

L'invention a donc pour principal objet un chariot élévateur à stabilité améliorée dans lequel l'ensemble des moyens visant à améliorer la stabilité du chariot ne modifie aucunement l'encombrement du chariot ni sa masse.The main object of the invention is therefore a lift truck with improved stability in which all of the means designed to improve the stability of the truck do not in any way modify the size of the truck or its mass.

L'invention a également pour objet un chariot élévateur dont l'agencement du dispositif de levage, permet une amélioration notable de la visibilité.The invention also relates to a forklift whose arrangement of the lifting device allows a significant improvement in visibility.

L'invention a encore pour objet un chariot élévateur dont les organes du dispositif de levage occupent une position favorable à la réduction des masses situées à l'avant de l'essieu moteur, à l'abaissement du centre de gravité, et à l'augmentation du champ visuel du conducteur.The invention also relates to a forklift whose organs of the lifting device occupy a position favorable to the reduction of the masses located at the front of the drive axle, to the lowering of the center of gravity, and to the increased driver's visual field.

Selon l'invention, la base du mât de levage porte un axe d'articulation solidaire d'un coulisseau monté à translation longitudinale à la partie inférieure du châssis du chariot sous l'action d'un moyen de commande.According to the invention, the base of the lifting mast carries a hinge pin secured to a slide mounted in longitudinal translation at the lower part of the chassis of the carriage under the action of a control means.

Dans le chariot élévateur ainsi réalisé, le mât de levage peut occuper toute position inclinée, une position sensiblement horizontale, et son centre de gravité est situé entre le essieux du chariot, ce qui augmente dans une large mesure son équilibre statique et le champ visuel du conducteur.In the lift truck thus produced, the lifting mast can occupy any inclined position, a substantially horizontal position, and its center of gravity is located between the axles of the truck, which greatly increases its static balance and the visual field of the driver.

De plus, comme le centre de gravité du chariot se trouve placé très bas à faible hauteur au-dessus du sol, on insensibilise le chariot aux efforts dynamiques engendrés à la suite des accélérations ou décélérations de celui-ci.In addition, as the center of gravity of the trolley is placed very low at a low height above the ground, the trolley is rendered insensitive to the dynamic forces generated as a result of its acceleration or deceleration.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages du chariot ressortiront de la description d'un exemple de réalisation de celui-ci faite en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel:

  • -la figure 1 est une vue en élévation du châssis du chariot montrant le mât de levage et le plateau porte-charge en position haute,
  • -la figure 2 est une vue en élévation latérale du dispositif de commande, montrant le mât de levage et le plateau porte-charge en position basse,
  • -la figure 3 est une vue en plan du chariot avec son dispositif de commande du plateau porte-charge représenté en position basse.
Other characteristics and advantages of the trolley will emerge from the description of an exemplary embodiment of it made with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of the chassis of the carriage showing the lifting mast and the load-carrying plate in the high position,
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the control device, showing the lifting mast and the load-carrying plate in the low position,
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the carriage with its device for controlling the load-carrying plate shown in the low position.

Le chariot représenté aux figures 1 et 2 comprend un châssis 1, des roues motrices 2, des roues directrices ou motodirectrices 3 faisant partie de deux essieux respectivement situés à l'avant et à l'arrière du chariot.The carriage shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a chassis 1, drive wheels 2, steerable or drive wheels 3 forming part of two axles respectively located at the front and at the rear of the carriage.

Le châssis 1 comprend essentiellement à sa base, deux longerons latéraux 5, 6 qui supportent une tôle de liaison 7 et qui sont entretoisés par trois traverses 8, 9, 10. Chaque longeron s'étend entre les roues avant et arrière 2, 3 et est composé d'un profilé en "1" à ailes horizontales orientées vers l'axe longitudinal du chariot. Les ailes des deux profilés précités, constituent des chemins de roulement ainsi qu'on le verra plus loin.The chassis 1 essentially comprises at its base, two lateral beams 5, 6 which support a connecting plate 7 and which are braced by three crosspieces 8, 9, 10. Each beam extends between the front and rear wheels 2, 3 and is composed of a "1" profile with horizontal wings oriented towards the longitudinal axis of the carriage. The wings of the two aforementioned sections constitute raceways as will be seen below.

Deux montants verticaux 11, 12 sont solidaires de chaque longeron 5 et 6. Les montants avant 11 supportent l'axe de l'essieu moteur, tandis que les montants arrière 12 assurent l'ancrage des deux corps de vérins dont nous examinerons le rôle plus loin.Two vertical uprights 11, 12 are integral with each spar 5 and 6. The front uprights 11 support the axis of the driving axle, while the rear uprights 12 anchor the two bodies of jacks whose role we will examine more far.

Un certain nombre de nervures, non représentées, confèrent au châssis la rigidité et la résistance nécessaires pour absorber le couple de renversement du chariot et la force de réaction du vérin de commande.A number of ribs, not shown, give the chassis the rigidity and resistance necessary to absorb the overturning torque of the carriage and the reaction force of the control cylinder.

Sur le dessin, ont été schématisés la batterie de commande 13 du moteur d'entraînement 14, le réservoir d'huile 15, le contrepoids 16, une partie du carter de protection du conducteur ainsi que le mécanisme de direction 17.The drawing shows schematically the control battery 13 of the drive motor 14, the oil tank 15, the counterweight 16, part of the driver's protective casing and the steering mechanism 17.

Le dispositif de levage, représenté plus en détail à la figure 1, comprend essentiellement au moins un mât de levage 19 constitué, par exemple, par une poutrelle résistant aux efforts de torsion et de flexion. L'extrémité du mât porte un plateau porte-charge constitué par une fourche 20 à écartement variable, supportée par deux traverses 21 et 22, reliées par des goussets 23, et qui s'étendent transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du chariot. La longeur des traverses 21, 22 est sensiblement inférieure à la largeur du chariot. L'écartement des bras de fourche se fait de manière conventionnelle par coulissement de ces bras sur les traverses 21, 22. Le plateau porte-charge est rendu solidaire du mât de levage au moyen d'un axe 24 porté par les goussets 23.The lifting device, shown in more detail in Figure 1, essentially comprises at least one lifting mast 19 constituted, for example, by a beam resistant to torsional and bending forces. The end of the mast carries a load-carrying plate constituted by a fork 20 with variable spacing, supported by two crosspieces 21 and 22, connected by gussets 23, and which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the carriage. The length of the crosspieces 21, 22 is substantially less than the width of the carriage. The spacing of the fork arms is effected in a conventional manner by sliding these arms on the crosspieces 21, 22. The load-bearing plate is made integral with the lifting mast by means of an axis 24 carried by the gussets 23.

Pour satisfaire l'objet principal de l'invention, le mât de levage coopère avec un ensemble de moyens qui lui permettent d'occuper leur position horizontale lorsque le plateau porte-charge est abaissé.To satisfy the main object of the invention, the lifting mast cooperates with a set of means which allow it to occupy their horizontal position when the load-bearing plate is lowered.

Selon l'invention, la base du mât 19 porte un axe d'articulation 25 solidaire d'un coulisseau 26. Ce dernier est réalisé sous la forme d'un petit chariot guidé et comprend essentiellement deux petits longerons entretoisés et porteurs de quatre galets de roulement "g", guidés par la surface du profil en "1" des longerons 5 et 6. Les galets "g" permettent donc la translation du chariot de guidage 26 et, par voie de conséquence, le déplacement de l'axe 25 dans un plan horizontal. Le chariot de guidage 26 porte, par ailleurs, l'axe d'articulation 30 d'une bielle de positionnement principale 28 dont les extrémités tournent autour d'un axe d'articulation 27 et autour de l'axe 30. L'axe d'articulation 27 est fixé à une paire de goussets 29 solidaires de la traverse supérieure 22. Par construction, la distance entre les axes 25 et 30, portés par le chariot de guidage 26, est égale à la distance entre les axes 24 et 27. Les axes 25, 30 et 24, 27 sont, par ailleurs, parallèles entre eux, compris dans des plans parallèles et constituent par voie de conséquence de arêes d'un parallélépipède indéformable lors des déplacements du chariot 26.According to the invention, the base of the mast 19 carries a hinge pin 25 integral with a slide 26. The latter is produced in the form of a small guided carriage and essentially comprises two small braced beams carrying four rollers of bearing "g", guided by the surface of the profile in "1" of the side members 5 and 6. The rollers "g" therefore allow the translation of the guide carriage 26 and, consequently, the displacement of the axis 25 in a horizontal plane. The guide carriage 26 also carries the hinge pin 30 of a main positioning rod 28, the ends of which rotate about an articulation axis 27 and around the axis 30. The axis d the articulation 27 is fixed to a pair of gussets 29 secured to the upper crosspiece 22. By construction, the distance between the axes 25 and 30, carried by the guide carriage 26, is equal to the distance between the axes 24 and 27. The axes 25, 30 and 24, 27 are, moreover, parallel to each other, included in parallel planes and consequently constitute edges of a non-deformable parallelepiped during the movements of the carriage 26.

Dans le but d'obtenir un déplacement vertical des axes 24, 27 lors de la translation du chariot, le châssis 1 porte l'axe d'articulation fixe 31, d'une bielle de soutien 32, dont la longueur est égale à la moitié de la distance séparan l'axe d'articulation 25 du mât de levage 19 sur le chariot de guidage 26, de l'axe d'articulation 24 du plateau porte-charge à fourches 20. L'axe d'articulation 31 est coaxial à l'axe 24 lorsque le plateau porte-charge occupe une position basse. La bielle de soutien 32 est, par ailleurs, articulée sur le mât 19 autour d'un axe 0' situé à mi-distance des axes parallèles 25, 24 et dans le plan défini par ces axes.In order to obtain a vertical displacement of the axes 24, 27 during the translation of the carriage, the chassis 1 carries the fixed articulation axis 31, of a support rod 32, the length of which is equal to half of the distance separating the articulation axis 25 from the lifting mast 19 on the guide carriage 26, from the articulation axis 24 of the load-bearing platform with forks 20. The articulation axis 31 is coaxial with axis 24 when the load-bearing plate occupies a low position. The support rod 32 is, moreover, articulated on the mast 19 about an axis 0 'situated midway between the parallel axes 25, 24 and in the plane defined by these axes.

Les caractéristiques constructives précitées assurent la levée de la charge dans un plan vertical sous l'action d'un moyen de commande que nous allons maintenant décrire en référence des figures.The aforementioned constructive characteristics ensure the lifting of the load in a vertical plane under the action of a control means which we will now describe with reference to the figures.

Le mât de levage 19 porte l'ancrage d'un organe de traction attelé à un vérin. L'ancrage de l'organe de traction est constitué par une chape 37 soudée sur le mât. La chape 37 porte l'axe de rotation 36 d'un tenon articulé 38. Le tenon 38 est solidaire de l'organe de traction constitué selon l'exemple choisi par une chaîne 39 qui coopère avec la surface de contact d'une came tournante 40. Deux vérins de manoeuvre 41 assurent ici le mouvement de levée ou d'abaissement du mât. A cet effet, le corps de chaque vérin 41 est articulé sur un montant 12, et la tige de poussée 42 du vérin, porte un galet de tension 43 de la chaîne de traction 39, dont les extrémités sont respectivement ancrées sur le tenon 38 et sur le corps du vérin. L'effort de traction ou de tension sur la chaîne 39 est supporté par l'axe de rotation 45 de la came 40. A cet effet, l'axe 45 est porté par une chape rapportée sur un élément du châssis 1 du chariot. Le profil de la surface de la came 40 est tel que l'effort de commande communiqué au mât 19 par la chaîne 39 soit sensiblement perpendiculaire audit mât. A cet effet, la position de chaîne 39 comprise entre le galet de tension 43 et le tenon 38 s'enroule pendant une fraction de la course du mât autour de la came 40, tout en conservant le couplage avec jeu entre le tenon 38 et une mortaise 46 de ladite came 40. En fin de course du mât, le tenon 38 a quitté la mortaise 46 et ce couplage tenon-mortaise devient de nouveau effectif lors de la descente du mât.The lifting mast 19 carries the anchor of a traction member coupled to a jack. The anchoring of the traction member consists of a yoke 37 welded to the mast. The yoke 37 carries the axis of rotation 36 of an articulated tenon 38. The tenon 38 is integral with the traction member constituted according to the example chosen by a chain 39 which cooperates with the contact surface of a rotating cam 40. Two actuating cylinders 41 here ensure the lifting or lowering movement of the mast. To this end, the body of each jack 41 is articulated on an upright 12, and the push rod 42 of the jack carries a tension roller 43 of the traction chain 39, the ends of which are respectively anchored on the lug 38 and on the cylinder body. The tensile or tensioning force on the chain 39 is supported by the axis of rotation 45 of the cam 40. To this end, the axis 45 is carried by a yoke attached to an element of the chassis 1 of the carriage. The profile of the surface of the cam 40 is such that the control force imparted to the mast 19 by the chain 39 is substantially perpendicular to said mast. To this end, the chain position 39 between the tension roller 43 and the pin 38 is wound during a fraction of the mast travel around the cam 40, while retaining the coupling with play between the pin 38 and a mortise 46 of said cam 40. At the end of the mast stroke, the tenon 38 has left the mortise 46 and this tenon-mortise coupling becomes effective again when the mast is lowered.

Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif est le suivant:

  • A la mise en pression du ou des vérins 41, les tiges de poussée 42 correspondantes exercent une tension sur la chaîne 39 et, par voie de conséquence, un effort de traction sur le tenon 38. Le profil de la came 40 permet de limiter les eforts sur le vérin et sur le mât. Selon le mode de réalisation préférentiel du chariot, les efforts de flexion sur le corps du vérin pourront être réduits considérablement et on établira une vitesse de manoeuvre du mât 19 en fonction d'une loi de variation de la pression de commande du vérin. Les déplacements verticaux du plateau porte-charge et les déplacements correspondants des tiges de poussée 42 des vérins sont liés par une loi de variation qui tient compte du profil de la came et des points d'ancrage 37. Il sera en particulier possible de manoeuvrer le mât avec une dépense réduite d'énergie et d'emmagasiner une partie de cette énergie lors de la descente du mât, soit sous la forme d'énergie oléopneumatique stockée dans un réservoir branché sur le vérin 41, soit sous la forme d'effort de compression d'un ressort logé dans le coprs du vérin.
The operation of this device is as follows:
  • When the actuator (s) 41 are pressurized, the corresponding push rods 42 exert tension on the chain 39 and, consequently, a tensile force on the stud 38. The profile of the cam 40 makes it possible to limit the eforts on the cylinder and on the mast. According to the preferred embodiment of the carriage, the bending forces on the cylinder body can be reduced considerably and an operating speed of the mast 19 will be established according to a law of variation of the control pressure of the cylinder. The vertical displacements of the load-bearing plate and the corresponding displacements of the push rods 42 of the jacks are linked by a law of variation which takes account of the profile of the cam and of the anchoring points 37. It will in particular be possible to maneuver the mast with a reduced expenditure of energy and to store part of this energy during the descent of the mast, either in the form of oleopneumatic energy stored in a tank connected to the jack 41, or in the form of effort of compression of a spring housed in the cylinder body.

Sous l'action de l'effort de traction communiqué par la chaîne 39, le chariot 26 se déplace le long des longerons 5, 6. Ce déplacement s'accompagne d'une rotation de la bielle de soutien 32 autour de l'axe fixe 31. L'axe d'articulation 0' de la bielle 32 sur le mât 19 décrit donc un arc de cercle autour de l'axe 31 et le plateau porte-charge à fourches 20 se déplace verticalement parallèlement à la verticale passant par ledit axe 31.Under the action of the tensile force communicated by the chain 39, the carriage 26 moves along the longitudinal members 5, 6. This movement is accompanied by a rotation of the support rod 32 around the fixed axis 31. The axis of articulation 0 'of the connecting rod 32 on the mast 19 therefore describes an arc of a circle around the axis 31 and the fork load carrier plate 20 moves vertically parallel to the vertical passing through said axis 31.

Deux tôles parallèles verticales G respectivement boulonnées sur les longerons 5 et 6 et sur les montants verticaux 11, placés à l'avant du chariot, assurent le guidage du mât durant son mouvement de levée ou de descente et évitent les déports accidentels latéraux du mât et de sa charge.Two vertical parallel sheets G respectively bolted to the longitudinal members 5 and 6 and on the vertical uprights 11, placed at the front of the carriage, ensure the guidance of the mast during its lifting or lowering movement and avoid accidental lateral offsets of the mast and of his charge.

La bielle de positionnement 28 peut porter, si on le désire, un cadre de protection additionnel qui s'étend verticalement devant les genoux du conducteur pendent les évolutions du chariot avec son mât abaissé. Lorsque le plateau porte-charge est, au contraire, en position haute représentée à la figure 1, le cadre additionnel est placé automatiquement au-dessus de la tête du conducteur et le protège contre la chute éventuelle d'une charge.The positioning rod 28 can carry, if desired, an additional protective frame which extends vertically in front of the driver's knees during the evolutions of the carriage with its mast lowered. When the load-bearing plate is, on the contrary, in the high position shown in FIG. 1, the additional frame is automatically placed above the driver's head and protects it against the possible fall of a load.

Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, il sera bien entendu possible d'utiliser des vérins de commande à double effet intégrés dans la bielle de positionnement 28. De tels vérins auraient pour fonction d'écarter ou de rapprocher l'axe 27 de l'axe 30. Un tel mouvement autoriserait donc, pour une position du mât 19, une légère rotation des fourches 20 autour de l'axe 24, notamment pour faciliter la saisie de la charge.Without departing from the scope of the invention, it will of course be possible to use double-acting control cylinders integrated in the positioning rod 28. Such cylinders would have the function of spreading or bringing the axis 27 of the 'axis 30. Such a movement would therefore allow, for a position of the mast 19, a slight rotation of the forks 20 around the axis 24, in particular to facilitate the entry of the load.

Il sera également possible d'envisager de nombreuses variantes relatives à l'agencement du mât de charge et de son vérin de commande. En effet, on peut aisément imaginer une commande utilisant un vérin de manoeuvre dont l'organe de traction actionne simultanément un ensemble de deux mâts de levage disposés de part et d'autre de vérin.It will also be possible to envisage numerous variants relating to the arrangement of the load mast and its control jack. Indeed, one can easily imagine a command using an actuating cylinder whose traction member simultaneously actuates a set of two lifting masts arranged on either side of the cylinder.

Claims (9)

1. A lift truck of the type comprising a chassis (1), a mast (19) which can be raised with respect to the chassis (1), an actuating jack (41) for raising and lowering the mast (19), a load-carrier platform (20) which is fixed with respect to the mast (19), a pivot axis (25) which is carried by the base of the mast (19) and which is fixed with respect to a movable slide member (26) which is guided horizontally in the lower part of the chassis (1), characterised in that the slide member (26) carries the pivot axis (30) of a positioning link (28) for the load-carrier platform (20) and that a support link (32) whose length is equal to half the distance between the pivot axis (25) pivoting the mast (19) to the slide member (26) and the pivot axis (24) pivoting the load-carrier platform (20) to the mast (19) is respectively pivoted to the mast (19) and to the lower part of the chassis (1) forwardly of the slide member (26).
2. A lift truck according to claim 1 characterised in that the slide member (26) is guided on a guide track which is formed by lateral longitudinal members (5, 6) of the truck.
3. A lift truck according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the mast (19) carries the anchorage (37) of a traction member (39) which co-operates with a reaction axis (45) fixed to the chassis (1), under the action of the actuating jack (41).
4. A lift truck according to claim 3 characterised in that the body of the actuating jack (41) carries the anchorage of one end of the traction member (39) and that the latter co-operates with a tension roller (43) which is actuated by the actuating jack (41), while a cam (40) is fixed with respect to the chassis (1).
5. A lift truck according to claim 4 characterised in that the cam (40) is mounted rotatably about the reaction axis (45) which is fixed to the chassis (1) and that the cam (40) is provided with a mortise slot (46) which receives with clearance a tenon member (38) carried by the traction member (39).
6. A lift truck according to claim 5 characterised in that the force imparted by the traction member (39) is substantial perpendicular to the mast (19).
7. A lift truck according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the mast (19) is disposed between two lateral guides (G) formed by two vertical plate members which are fixed with respect to lateral longitudinal members (5, 6) and the front uprights (11) of the chassis.
8. A lift truck according to claim 1 characterised in that the positioning link (28) for the load-carrier platform (20) is associated with a means for adjusting the length of said link (28), co-operating in rotary movement of the load-carrier platform (20) about its pivot axis (24) carried by the mast (19).
9. A lift truck according to claim 1 or claim 8 characterised in that the positioning link (28) carries an additional protection frame for protecting a driver of the truck from bumps or falling material.
EP78400003A 1977-06-29 1978-06-01 Lift truck Expired EP0000295B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7719913 1977-06-29
FR7719913A FR2395939A1 (en) 1977-06-29 1977-06-29 PERFECTED FORKLIFT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000295A1 EP0000295A1 (en) 1979-01-10
EP0000295B1 true EP0000295B1 (en) 1981-06-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78400003A Expired EP0000295B1 (en) 1977-06-29 1978-06-01 Lift truck

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US (1) US4215971A (en)
EP (1) EP0000295B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5413181U (en)
AU (1) AU519105B2 (en)
DE (1) DE2860801D1 (en)
DK (1) DK290478A (en)
ES (1) ES470725A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2395939A1 (en)
HU (1) HU179291B (en)
IT (1) IT1109731B (en)
TR (1) TR20655A (en)
ZA (1) ZA783288B (en)

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US4822237A (en) * 1985-11-21 1989-04-18 The Gradall Company Extended reach materials handling apparatus
FR2690895A1 (en) * 1992-05-07 1993-11-12 Manitou Bf Electric forklift with telescopic arm.
US5375963A (en) * 1993-01-19 1994-12-27 Wohlwend; Clayton E. Multipurpose lifting apparatus
DE4320988C2 (en) * 1993-06-24 1995-10-26 Josef Paul Transport vehicle for loading and moving containers
US5709523A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-01-20 Ware; Emmet P. Material handling lift
BE1012693A3 (en) * 1999-06-01 2001-02-06 Callens Ludo Genoemd Ludwig Wi Forklift truck.
US6757958B1 (en) 2000-05-11 2004-07-06 Jlg Omniquip, Inc. Load handler with modular frame assembly
ITMO20030021A1 (en) * 2003-01-30 2004-07-31 Manitou Costr Ind Srl ARTICULATION OF EXTREMITY FOR ELEVATORS WITH TELESCOPIC ARMS.
GB2575825B (en) * 2018-07-24 2022-04-20 Cargotec Res & Development Ireland Limited A truck mounted forklift
CN110482447A (en) * 2019-08-20 2019-11-22 戚春凤 A kind of side fork mechanism suitable for fork truck

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4215971A (en) 1980-08-05
TR20655A (en) 1982-03-25
IT7868294A0 (en) 1978-06-05
DK290478A (en) 1978-12-30
ZA783288B (en) 1979-06-27
HU179291B (en) 1982-09-28
EP0000295A1 (en) 1979-01-10
AU519105B2 (en) 1981-11-05
DE2860801D1 (en) 1981-10-01
FR2395939A1 (en) 1979-01-26
FR2395939B1 (en) 1981-07-24
IT1109731B (en) 1985-12-23
AU3723678A (en) 1980-01-03
JPS5413181U (en) 1979-01-27
ES470725A1 (en) 1979-01-16

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