EP0000136B1 - Vorrichtung zur Messung der Tonerkonzentration eines Entwicklergemisches - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Messung der Tonerkonzentration eines Entwicklergemisches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000136B1
EP0000136B1 EP78100137A EP78100137A EP0000136B1 EP 0000136 B1 EP0000136 B1 EP 0000136B1 EP 78100137 A EP78100137 A EP 78100137A EP 78100137 A EP78100137 A EP 78100137A EP 0000136 B1 EP0000136 B1 EP 0000136B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
coil
shaped coils
coils
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78100137A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0000136A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Prohaska
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Publication of EP0000136A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000136A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/0822—Arrangements for preparing, mixing, supplying or dispensing developer
    • G03G15/0848—Arrangements for testing or measuring developer properties or quality, e.g. charge, size, flowability
    • G03G15/0849—Detection or control means for the developer concentration
    • G03G15/0853—Detection or control means for the developer concentration the concentration being measured by magnetic means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S222/00—Dispensing
    • Y10S222/01—Xerography

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for measuring the toner concentration of a developer mixture of toner and ferromagnetic carrier material in an electrophotographic developing device with a tangential and inclined to a cylinder for applying the developer mixture to the photoconductive surface of a drum-running baffle for the non-applied developer mixture, on which one of a component-supported coil is arranged, the latter being part of a measuring oscillator.
  • the monitoring system for the toner concentration in a developer described in DE-QS 25 25 952 has all the features mentioned above.
  • a tubular component is wound with a helical coil and inserted into the deflector plate with the axis vertical.
  • the tube diameter is small, relative to the width of the baffle, so that only a small portion of the developer mixture trickling down over the baffle passes through the tubular coil carrier.
  • the measuring coil is connected to measuring devices for measuring the changes in inductance of the measuring coil as a measure of the change in the toner concentration in the developer.
  • a device for monitoring and regulating the concentration of a toner in a developer mixture in which samples of the developer mixture are guided past the turns of a coil which is arranged in an alternating voltage circuit, the output signals of which Inductance of the coil and thus the toner concentration in the samples of the developer mixture depend and in which an arrangement coupled to the AC voltage and responsive to the output signals is provided for determining the toner concentration.
  • the arrangement for guiding the samples of the developer mixture past the turns of the coil is a sample tube made of non-magnetic material passing through the coil.
  • DE-OS 19 36 815 relates to a device for measuring the toner concentration of a developer mixture, which consists of a coil with a ferromagnetic core, which forms a magnetic circuit of the coil together with part of the developer mixture.
  • the coil and its magnetic circuit form an inductance, the change of which influences the output frequency of an oscillating circuit, so that any change in the permeability of the developer mixture results in a change in frequency.
  • the core of the coil lies against the outside of the wall of the developer container, which at least in this area must consist of a non-magnetic material so that the magnetic field can penetrate through the wall into the developer container and the magnetic circuit of the coil extends over that part the developer mix that reads towards the core.
  • US Pat. No. 3,094,049 relates to a measuring device in which two layers of an electrically conductive film are applied to a transparent measuring plate made of insulating material and are connected to a voltage source whose output voltage is variable. A partial flow of the developer flows from this measuring plate, from which toner in an arrangement and strength corresponding to the applied voltage and the toner concentration in the developer mixture is deposited on the measuring plate. The measuring plate is then irradiated with light, the light transmittance of the plate is measured and compared with a reference pattern, and a difference signal is obtained therefrom, which regulates the supply of toner to the developer mixture.
  • no measuring coil is used, but rather an essentially optically working measuring device with the measuring plate, the light transmittance of which determines the regulation of the toner supply after the toner is deposited on the measuring plate.
  • the above-mentioned known electromagnetic devices for measuring the The toner concentration has in common that only too small subsets of the developer mixture are detected, which are not representative of the mean value of the toner concentration in the developer mixture.
  • Another disadvantage is that the coils used have a certain height, which allows installation only at certain points of the copying machine and that the small inner diameter of the coils or the tubes are a cause of blockages with developer mixture, which requires frequent cleaning .
  • the object of the invention is to improve a device according to the preamble of claim 1 so that a coil system is created which is adapted to the tightest space in the copier and which determines a representative average of the toner concentration of the photoconductive layer in the developer container backflowing developer mixture with great accuracy.
  • the advantages are achieved that the flat measuring coils used in the measuring device have a very low overall height, which means that there are no difficulties when installing them in a copier, in which generally little space is available, and that the developer flow through the measuring coils remains largely undisturbed, e.g. does not experience a narrowing, and is largely covered.
  • the developer mixture 7 is removed from a developer supply 8 in a developer tank 14 by means of a so-called magnetic brush and applied to the surface of the drum 2.
  • the magnetic brush consists of a cylinder 3 which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis 37 in the direction of arrow A.
  • a plurality of magnets 15, 16, 17, 18 are arranged radially in the interior of the cylinder 3, of which the magnets 16, 17 serve to convey the developer mixture 7 and the magnet 15 to apply the developer mixture 7 to the drum 2.
  • the cylinder 3 is about half immersed in the developer supply 8 and the developer mixture of toner and carrier particles is drawn to the surface of the cylinder 3 adjacent to the magnets 16, 17 and to develop the latent image on the surface of the drum 2 by the rotation of the Cylinder 3 promoted.
  • the ferromagnetic carrier particles align themselves in the direction of the lines of force of the magnetic field and, together with the toner, form a brush-like coating made of developer mixture on the surface of the cylinder 3.
  • a doctor blade 35 is used to limit the thickness of this coating attached to the right end edge of the developer tank 14 at a predetermined distance from the surface of the cylinder 3.
  • the magnets 15 to 18 are preferably bar magnets, the poles of which lie near the inside of the cylinder jacket have alternating polarity. The magnet 18 serves to keep the developer mixture 7 aligned after the contact between the cylinder 3 and the drum 2 like a magnetic brush.
  • the developing device 1 is fastened on a support frame 9 which is arranged on a console 36.
  • a cover 12 closes the developing device 1 upwards.
  • a mixer shaft 10, which rotates about its longitudinal axis 38, is provided near the bottom of the developer tub 14 and ensures appropriate mixing of the developer supply 8 in the developer tub 14.
  • a suction housing 13 of a suction 11 is connected in an integrated construction, which adjoins the developer tub 14 and ensures that free-floating developer mixture is sucked outside the developer tub 14.
  • the deflector plate 4 is attached to a fastening support 19 and can be designed, for example, over its width, ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, in a sawtooth manner, wherein the tips of the saw teeth 4 'can be bent up.
  • the developer mixture 7 trickles through the baffle 4 into the developer tank 14 back to the developer supply 8.
  • circuit board 21 which extends across the width of the deflector plate 4 and which carries a plurality of flat coils 6, 6 ', 6 "with its conductor tracks in the plane of the circuit board.
  • the lower end of the deflector plate 4 bears against a further fastening support 20, on which lateral limits of the deflector plate 4 are attached, which are not shown.
  • the coil system 6, 6 ', 6 is part of a circuit for determining changes in the inductance of the coil system 6, 6', 6" as a function of changes in the concentration of the toner in the developer mixture 7, the circuit also not actuating signals shown toner supply device generated.
  • the embodiment of a coil system shown in FIG. 2a has a plurality of flat coils 6, 6 ', 6 ",... With their conductor tracks in the plane of the circuit board, which are electrically connected to one another in series.
  • These flat coils 6, 6', 6" extend almost over the entire length of the circuit board 21 and thus also over the entire width of the diverter plate 4.
  • the conductor tracks 22 of these coils have the shape of non-closed rectangles, the individual conductor tracks each having a central part 23 of each coil 6, 6 'or . 6 ", ... go out and have side edges 24, 25 that become longer towards the outside.
  • the connection of the individual coils 6, 6 ', 6" from the via point, not shown, of the central part 23 of the individual coil to the splicing coil is partial shown in dashed lines.
  • the conductor tracks 22 of the coils 6, 6 ', 6 are obtained by etching the surface of an electrically conductive plate. This can be done, for example, in a known manner by coating the plate with a light-sensitive layer onto which a negative of the coil is copied The result is an overetch, ie the coil appears raised.
  • a metal foil, thin metal sheet or the like can also be used to produce the coil system, which is then connected to the board 21.
  • FIG. 2b shows a further embodiment of the coil system with a number of flat coils 6, 6 ', 6 "... With their conductor tracks in the plane of the circuit board, the conductor tracks 26 of which run spirally from the inside to the outside. These coils are likewise electrical in series with one another connected.
  • the conductor tracks of the individual coils can also be guided differently from the preferred exemplary embodiments, and that the manufacture of the individual coils can also be carried out by other etching processes or other methods, such as, for example, galvanizing the conductor tracks onto the circuit board. can be done.
  • FIG 2c shows a further embodiment of the coil system, which carries an inductance from a number of flat coils 6, 6 ', 6 ", ..., which are shown schematically in the drawing.
  • the shape of an individual flat coil corresponds to one of those shown in FIG 2a or 2b described coil forms.
  • the flat coils are arranged geometrically next to one another on both sides of a strip 39 and on each side. To avoid an electrically conductive contact between the developer mixture 7 and the coils, these are surrounded by a layer of electrically insulating, transparent material 27.
  • the strip 39 consists, for example, of a plastic film which is coated on both sides with copper.
  • the individual flat coils are etched out of the copper layer on each side of the strip 39.
  • the central part 23 of one of the flat coils 6, 6 ', 6 ", ... is electrically connected via a via point 40 to the corresponding, opposite flat coil 6, 6', 6", ... on the other side of the strip 39. As indicated schematically in FIG. 2c, the coils 6, 6 ', 6 ", ...
  • Matrix 41 are connected together in a matrix 41 in such a way that the coils in a single row 42 of the matrix 41 are electrically connected to one another in series Matrix 41, on the other hand, are electrically connected in parallel. If, for example, it is a square matrix, the total inductance of the matrix is equal to the inductance of the individual coils 6, 6 'or 6 "etc. In practice, there is a matrix of 25 coils , which are arranged in 5 rows of 5 coils, have proven their worth. Of course, you can also choose a matrix that is not square but rectangular. In addition, the most varied combinations of series and parallel connections are conceivable within the matrix.
  • the geometrical arrangement of the coils next to each other on each side of the strip 39 does not mean that coils lying next to one another must also be electrically connected to one another, since the coils can be interconnected to form a specific matrix.
  • Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the device for measuring the toner concentration of the developer mixture 7.
  • the flat coils on the circuit board are components of a measuring oscillator 34 which is connected to a reference oscillator 28.
  • the two oscillators are controlled by a timer 30, which either switches the measuring oscillator 34 or the reference oscillator 28, so that only the output frequency of one of the two oscillators is applied to a frequency / voltage converter 29.
  • the output voltage of the converter 29 is amplified accordingly in an amplifier 31 and controls a Schmitt trigger stage 32. This is set such that a motor 33 connected to it is switched on when it is necessary to replenish the developer mixture with toner to be replenished, and is switched off when the developer mixture has the desired toner concentration.
  • the motor 33 actuates a toner supply device, not shown.
  • the circuit structure of the measuring oscillator 34 is known per se and comprises an oscillating circuit, formed from a capacitor and the inductance of the coils of the circuit board 21.
  • This oscillating circuit is arranged in the collector path of a transistor, the base of which is connected to a voltage source.
  • the transistor is part of an oscillator circuit which has a further transistor.
  • the emitters of the two transistors are connected to the collector of a further transistor which works as a switching transistor and is opened or closed by the timer 30.
  • any change in the leakage inductance of the combination of coils 6, 6 ', 6 ", ... on the board 21 changes the frequency of the measuring oscillator 34.
  • the output frequency of the measuring oscillator 34 is compared with the fixed output frequency of the reference oscillator 28.
  • the setting is such that as the toner concentration in the developer mixture decreases, the resonance frequency of the measuring oscillator 34 increases and the deviation of this frequency from the fixed reference frequency of the reference oscillator 28 increases upwards.
  • the motor 33 is put into operation. As long as the output frequency of the measuring oscillator 34 is below the value of the fixed frequency of the reference oscillator 28, the Schmitt trigger stage 32 does not respond and motor 33 stands still, so that no toner is supplied to the developer mixture.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
EP78100137A 1977-06-18 1978-06-12 Vorrichtung zur Messung der Tonerkonzentration eines Entwicklergemisches Expired EP0000136B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2727402 1977-06-18
DE2727402A DE2727402C2 (de) 1977-06-18 1977-06-18 Vorrichtung zur Messung der Tonerkonzentration eines Entwicklergemisches

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000136A1 EP0000136A1 (de) 1979-01-10
EP0000136B1 true EP0000136B1 (de) 1982-09-22

Family

ID=6011739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100137A Expired EP0000136B1 (de) 1977-06-18 1978-06-12 Vorrichtung zur Messung der Tonerkonzentration eines Entwicklergemisches

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4257348A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0000136B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS547938A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1111491A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2727402C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS602599Y2 (ja) * 1978-11-15 1985-01-24 コニカ株式会社 トナ−濃度検出装置
JPS55121459A (en) * 1979-03-14 1980-09-18 Hitachi Ltd Developer supervising device
JPS6036585B2 (ja) * 1979-11-24 1985-08-21 株式会社日立製作所 現像装置
JPS5675662A (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-06-22 Hitachi Ltd Operating method of electrophotographic apparatus
JPS56102874A (en) * 1980-01-19 1981-08-17 Canon Inc Developer replenishing device
JPS56121068A (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-09-22 Mita Ind Co Ltd Developing device of electrostatic copying machine
GB2076314B (en) * 1980-05-02 1983-09-28 Gestetner Mfg Ltd Magnetic brush developer unit for photocopier
JPS5726879A (en) * 1980-07-23 1982-02-13 Mita Ind Co Ltd Control device for replenishing of developer
US4357901A (en) * 1981-09-03 1982-11-09 Bunnington Corporation Method and system for magnetically sensing and controlling toner concentration and optical density of copies in electrostatic reproduction
JPS5910814A (ja) * 1982-07-12 1984-01-20 Hitachi Metals Ltd トナ−レベルセンサ
US4706032A (en) * 1986-03-17 1987-11-10 Eastman Kodak Company Toner concentration monitor
US5196803A (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-03-23 Xerox Corporation Apparatus and method for determining the voltage breakdown and conductivity of particulate material
US11060155B2 (en) * 2016-04-01 2021-07-13 Pramet Tools, S.R.O. Surface hardening of cemented carbide body

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2368068A1 (fr) * 1976-10-16 1978-05-12 Hitachi Ltd Dispositif de detection de la concentration de la poudre dans un revelateur

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2547407A (en) * 1948-06-18 1951-04-03 Peyton J Nelson Apparatus for detecting metal objects on a moving belt
US3094049A (en) * 1961-02-03 1963-06-18 Xerox Corp Xerographic developer measuring apparatus
US3504276A (en) * 1967-04-19 1970-03-31 American Mach & Foundry Printed circuit coils for use in magnetic flux leakage flow detection
US3572551A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-03-30 Rca Corp Apparatus for monitoring and controlling the concentration of toner in a developer mix
US3588687A (en) * 1969-11-18 1971-06-28 Us Army Sensing coil arrangement for a metal detector
US3892672A (en) * 1970-08-21 1975-07-01 Addressograph Multigraph Automatic toner concentrate detector and control device
US3970036A (en) * 1974-07-17 1976-07-20 Savin Business Machines Corporation Toner concentration detector for dry powder magnetic brush toning system
JPS52123242A (en) * 1976-04-09 1977-10-17 Hitachi Ltd Detector for toner mixing ratio of developing agent

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2368068A1 (fr) * 1976-10-16 1978-05-12 Hitachi Ltd Dispositif de detection de la concentration de la poudre dans un revelateur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2727402B1 (de) 1978-08-17
CA1111491A (en) 1981-10-27
US4257348A (en) 1981-03-24
JPS623950B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1987-01-28
DE2727402C2 (de) 1979-04-19
JPS547938A (en) 1979-01-20
EP0000136A1 (de) 1979-01-10
DE2862038D1 (en) 1982-11-04

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