EA036078B1 - Brake beam reinforcement system for 18-9996 model freight car truck - Google Patents

Abstract

The brake beam reinforcement system for 18-9996 type freight car truck relates to railway transport, in particular, to freight car truck rigging brake beams. The system consists of a string, bracing, beam, bracket, shoe, polymer journal sleeve of the brake beam. The beam and the string are connected together with a welded bracket. For beam flange thickness reinforcement, a 15-mm thick channel is used with a cover plate inside it and a 10 mm thick embedded piece across the channel, as a result the shoe attachment beam is 25 mm thick. To prevent any increase in the distance between the brake beam ends and the shoe centers, the string is replaced by a 36 mm diameter round steel bar. The essence of invention is characterized by the technical result: a bracket is added to the beam and string attachment design to prevent loading of stationary shoes and their further weakening in riveting points; beam flange thickness is increased up to 25 mm in shoe attachment points; 36 mm round steel bar is used instead of a string to prevent any increase in the distance between the brake beam ends and the shoe centers of one brake beam, said round steel bar being bent according to the brake beam shape.

Description

The claimed invention relates to railway transport, namely to triangles of brake linkage of freight car bogies. Triangel is an element of the brake linkage of a freight car bogie, designed to transfer the force developed by the piston of the brake cylinder or the hand brake drive to the friction elements (brake pads) to evenly press them against the rolling surface. The Triangel is pivotally suspended on the trolley by a frame structure, at the end parts of which, at a distance corresponding to the size between the rolling circles of the wheels of the wheel pairs, shoes with brake pads are fixed. To press the pads to the wheels and release the triangel, it is set in motion using the lever transmission of the car brake. The structure of the triangel frame must withstand the tensile load without permanent deformation. Shoe fastening elements or elastic elements and triangel shoe fastening elements must exclude the movement of the shoe along the pivot axis from the action of operational loads. The design of the triangel, together with the design of the bogie, should exclude the possibility of the triangel falling onto the track when the suspension breaks.

Known device Brake triangel containing a beam, a string, which are separated in the middle by a spacer, and at the end parts are connected by means of a force transmission unit. The force transmission unit contains a consistently installed thrust bracket, a tab, a brake shoe with a shoe and a tip. This unit is fixed against longitudinal movements by means of a device that contains an elastic element that presses its wedge ring, fixed with crackers in conical grooves. A threaded hole is made on the end surface of the triangel string. The assembly of the triangel is carried out in the following sequence. A beam with a string, divided in the middle by a spacer, is connected at the end parts with a thrust bracket by welding. Then, one by one, put on a bookmark, a brake shoe with a shoe, a tip, and install an elastic element and a wedge ring. A squeeze device consisting of a shaft with a nut is screwed into the threaded hole. A bowl is placed between the wedge ring and the nut. After that, the nut is screwed onto the shaft, tightening the elastic element. When the elastic element is pressed in, crackers are installed in the conical grooves, then the nut is loosened and the release device is removed. To prevent the formation of rust, the threaded hole is covered with a thick grease (description of the invention to patent RU 2254254, IPC В61Н 13/34, authors: Yelenevsky I.N. (RU), Malykh N.A. (RU), Belousov K.A. (RU ), Andronov V.A. (RU), Efimov V.P. (RU), Samsonov A.V. (RU), Pranov A.A. (RU), Levin A.B. (RU), Nechaev P. M. (RU), Danileko D.V (RU), Nikitin G.B. (RU). Declared 01/08/2004. Published 06/20/2005 Bull. No. 17).

The disadvantages of this design are:

the mechanical properties of the elastic element depend on the ambient temperature and in case of sharp changes in the outside air temperatures, the compression force of the elastic element changes, which can lead to the weakening of the pressed wedge ring and the loss of crackers, which reduces the reliability of fastening the shoe on the triangel;

for mounting and dismantling the mount, it is necessary to use a squeeze device, which complicates maintenance;

for assembly and disassembly of the shoe, threaded holes are made on the end surfaces of the string, which reduces the mechanical properties of the string.

Known Triangel brake linkage of a bogie of a railway vehicle, containing interconnected beam with shoes, a string and a spacer with a hole for fastening a vertical lever, which is made coaxial with the lugs of the shoes, and their axes are aligned with the center of gravity of the triangel. Ensuring the coincidence of the axis of the hole in the spacer with the center of gravity of the triangel and the axes of the lugs in the shoes allows you to eliminate the moment of gravity of the linkage, which turns the triangel around the axis of the lugs in the shoes, thereby eliminating the contact of the brake pads with the rolling surface of the wheels when the brake is released (description of the invention to ed. SU 1006293, IPC V61N 13/36, V60T 11/04 Authors: EA Drozdov, EA Kravchenko, AI Turkov, VG Matvievsky. Declared 27.10.81. Published on 23.03. 83. Bulletin No. 11).

This design of the triangel has the following disadvantage due to the design of mounting the shoes on the triangel using a threaded connection. The nut of the threaded fastening of the shoe in the longitudinal plane is not locked in any way and during operation this connection weakens due to the shaking that occurs during the movement of the car, which requires constant monitoring of the fastening tightening. Looseness of the fastening leads to skewing of the shoe during braking, which leads to increased wear of the brake pads.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the Triangel assembly for the bogie model 18-9996 of Chinese-made freight cars. This triangel is taken as a prototype of the claimed invention. The triangel consists of a string, a spacer, a beam, a shoe, a polymer sleeve of the triangel trunnion. FIG. 1 shows a triangel assembled for a bogie model 18-9996 of freight cars made in China, showing: 1 - string, 2 - spacer, 3 - beam, 4 - shoes, 5 - polymer bushing of the triangel trunnion. The brake triangel of the freight car bogie is installed on the side frames of the bogie with the help of special protrusions on the shoes of the brake shoes, on which wear-resistant bushings are put on, with which the triangel is held in the grooves on the side frames of the bogie. Pads

- 1 036078 fixed at the ends of the beam. The beam is a rolled profile - section A-A. On shelves measuring mm in size, a shoe is fastened with two rivets - section B-B, where 6 is a beam, 7 are rivets, 8 is a shoe. The string is made in the form of a rolled strip 30 mm wide. During the operation of this triangel, during scheduled maintenance with a mileage of 37360 km, the following shortcomings were identified:

loosening of shoe fastening rivets;

deformation of the flanges of the 8 mm profile beam at the points of fastening of the shoes;

increasing the distance between the ends of the triangel beyond the permissible;

increase in the distance between the centers of the shoes of one triangel beyond the permissible limits.

The essence of the invention is characterized by the technical result:

the structure of fastening the beam and strings with a bracket was added, which excludes the load on the fixed shoes and their further weakening at the points of fastening of the rivets;

the thickness of the flange of the profile beam was increased to 25 mm at the points of fastening the shoes

To prevent an increase in the distance between the ends of the triangel and the centers of the shoes of one triangel, instead of a string made in the form of a rolled strip, a round metal with a diameter of 36 mm, bent according to the design of the triangel, was used.

The problem is solved by the fact that after a change in the design of the fastening of the beam and the string with a bracket, there is no weakening of the rivets of fastening the shoes;

to increase the thickness of the beam flanges, a standard rolled channel with a thickness of 15 mm was used, inside of which an overlay is inserted and a 10 mm thick tab is applied across the entire width of the channel, as a result, the profile beam flange is 25 mm, an increase in the thickness of the beam flanges prevented deformation of the shelves at the shoe attachment points for everything operating time of the triangel;

To prevent the string from stretching due to operational loads during braking, the material of the string, made in the form of a rolled strip, was replaced by round metal with a diameter of 36 mm. curved by the triangel design, which prevents an increase in the distance between the ends of the triangel and the centers of the shoes.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 2 shows a device that reinforces the triangel structure, which consists of the following: 1 - string, 2 - spacer, 3 - beam, 4 - bracket, 5 - shoe, 6 - polymer sleeve of the triangel trunnion, 7 - channel, 8 - pad, 9 - bookmark, 10 - string. FIG. 3 shows in section В-В the fastening of the shoe, where 1 is an assembled beam, consisting of a channel, a lining and a tab with a total thickness of 25 mm, 2 - rivets 3 - a shoe.

The proposed invention is used as follows. The device that reinforces the triangel structure consists of: strings, struts, beams, braces, shoe, polymer sleeve of the triangel trunnion. The beam and the string are connected by a bracket by welding. This connection guarantees the connection of the string with the channel and prevents loosening of the shoe fastening rivets. To increase the thickness of the beam flanges, a 15 mm thick channel was used, inside which an overlay was inserted and a 10 mm thick tab was applied across the entire channel width, as a result, the profile beam was 25 mm, which prevents deformation of the shelves at the shoe attachment points for the entire period of operation. To prevent an increase in the distance between the ends of the triangel and the centers of the shoes during operation, the string was replaced with round metal with a diameter of 36 mm. At present, all technical documentation has been developed for the claimed invention, prototypes have been made and all replaced parts have passed technical tests during operation, laboratory studies, capillary flaw detection, tensile testing of the triangel on special equipment with the result of GOOD.

Claims (1)

CLAIM A device that reinforces the assembly of the triangel structure for a bogie model 18-9996 of freight cars, consisting of a string, a spacer, a beam, a shoe, a polymer sleeve of a triangel trunnion, characterized in that the beam and the string are connected by a bracket by welding, to increase the thickness of the beam flanges a channel with a thickness of 15 mm was used, inside of which an overlay was inserted, a tab with a thickness of 10 mm was applied along the entire width of the channel, and the total thickness of the beam was 25 mm, the string was replaced with round metal with a diameter of 36 mm.