EA034150B1 - Insulating element for heat insulation of facades of buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulating element (1) consisting of at least one insulating body (10) substantially in the form of a cuboid, which has a first, outer cover surface (3) and a second, inner cover surface (8) which are substantially parallel to one another and are connected to one another via an upper surface (40), a lower surface (41) and two lateral transverse surfaces (42, 42'), wherein the first, outer cover surface (3) points away from a component (2) to be insulated in the mounted state and the second, inner cover surface (8) faces towards the component (2) to be insulated in the mounted state, wherein the insulating element (1) is covered by at least one contiguous layer (4) of hardened adhesive at least in the region of its edges (50) and corners (51). The invention further relates to a method for the production of such an insulating element (1).

Description

The invention relates to an insulating element consisting of at least one essentially rectangular insulating unit, which has a first outer front surface and a second inner front surface lying essentially parallel to each other and connected to each other by means of an upper, lower and two lateral transverse surfaces, while the first outer front surface in the mounted state is directed from the insulated building element, and the second inner front surface is mounted rated state is located in the direction oriented to the insulated building element. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such an insulating element.

Improving the technology of thermal insulation of the facades of existing buildings today makes an important contribution to saving energy and at the same time protecting the environment. In particular, by reducing heat transfer losses, i.e. losses that occur as a result of heat transfer through the shell of buildings, an additional reduction in the energy requirement for heating the existing construction fund can be achieved. Such a reduction is carried out, for example, by insulating the exterior walls of buildings with appropriate insulating elements.

For this, in particular, hinged facades with cavity ventilation and composite thermal insulation systems are used.

Pre-fabricated insulating elements on the market are most often made in the form of a sandwich construction, i.e. of two covering layers with a core of insulating material between them. The coating layers are made of wood, metal or polymeric material. At least one of the covering layers may be provided with a layer of plaster. The insulation systems known so far, on the one hand, are labor-consuming to manufacture, on the other hand, they are heavy and require a lot of manual labor at the construction site to install them. In addition, for residents of an isolated building, installation is associated with noise and pollution. Since sandwich constructions often also include a high proportion of window surfaces, their manufacture is technically laborious and therefore expensive.

Fastening to insulated facades or, accordingly, building elements is carried out by means of point or busbar fastening systems, most often through dowel joints. In point mount systems, the insulating element is supported by at least four points. In busbar systems, the element is attached to the facade by two tires: one in the upper region and one in the lower region of the element. For both types of fastening in the element’s structure, forces arising under the action of external loads (suction, wind pressure and temperature), as well as their own weight, are directed at relatively large distances indirectly through the layer of insulating material to the fastening points. As another type of fastening, gluing over a large area is also known.

The facade insulating element of the multilayer structure, equipped with transversely directed holes for fixing mortar, which are made in such a way that, when applying the mortar, the space behind them for ventilation of the cavities remains free, describes DE 29623381 U1. Such an insulating element can be easily transported and only when used is provided with a layer of mortar. Similar insulating elements of a layered structure of reinforcing fibers, provided with impregnation layers that inhibit steam, are described in DE 102004038447 A1.

DE 10 2007 018 774 A1 describes an insulating element of a multilayer structure in which layers containing an increased proportion of a binder are provided to increase the mechanical strength. AT 385805 B describes a method and a building board made in this way, where a foamed polymer adhesive is applied to a primer layer onto which a plaster base is applied in the form of fiberglass fabric, so that the plaster base is at a distance from the primer layer.

The common feature of all these solutions is that they are laborious in manufacturing and installation, since they are fixed on the facade by point fixing using dowels, etc. This is time consuming and requires several drilling processes for each insulating element. To solve this problem, for example, DE 19946395 A1 describes an insulating element, which on its outer side has a template for installing insulating material holders, provided with a corresponding number of insulating material holders, the number of markings that are located at a distance from the edges of the insulating element.

All known solutions are very time-consuming to install: for point or bus mounting in the facade, corresponding holes must be made with great accuracy; gluing also requires many technological steps, in addition, with incorrect application, adjustment is no longer possible. Then the individual insulating boards are attached one after another to the wall; thereafter, a coating layer, for example, mortar and the like, must be applied before the insulation boards are also provided with a protective layer, if necessary.

In addition to the laborious installation, the known insulation boards are also relatively heavy and, when mounted, have unsatisfactory static properties.

- 1 034150

To facilitate at least the installation of facade elements, EP 1697601 B1 describes a support bracket for attaching facade elements to the exterior walls of buildings by means of support strips which are mounted on this support bracket. A similarly made mounting angle is shown in AT 506588 B1. Common to both documents is that they do not indicate solutions for fixing insulation boards. Moreover, they serve only for the installation of facade panels, which, however, must be installed in a laborious manner.

Therefore, the object of the invention is to provide a durable insulating element that can be mounted simply and quickly.

In accordance with the invention, this problem is solved by the above-mentioned insulating element due to the fact that the insulating element, at least in the region of its edges and corners, is covered with at least one continuous layer of curable adhesive. Also always, when in this context we are talking about glue, this does not mean that this glue necessarily serves to adhere one part to another. Moreover, after curing the adhesive, its mechanical properties in the cured state are important. Curable adhesive gives the insulating element mechanical stability. However, the glue can serve to glue two insulating blocks into one larger insulating element, while in turn, the glue gives the insulating element additional stability at the junction between the individual insulating blocks.

The invention makes it possible to obtain a particularly strong insulating element, which, thanks to a continuous layer of curable adhesive, forms a favorable, spatially effective static system, which is particularly well suited to absorb static loads (for example, due to air leaks) arising on the mounted insulating element. For this, this layer is located at least in the region of the corners and edges of the insulating element. The aim is, as described above, an insulating element which, thanks to a statically efficiently made layer of curable adhesive, is resistant to environmental conditions during use.

The adhesive used is characterized in that after the fastest possible cure, it has high stability with, accordingly, sufficient fire resistance. As the main material, this adhesive may contain essentially cement and sand. In addition, the adhesive is flexible and has the properties of a viscous material. For example, adhesive putty from those known for composite thermal insulation systems can be used. Used adhesives may, for example, contain cement, organic adhesives, sands and other additives or, accordingly, consist of them.

The layer thickness is preferably from 0.5 to 12 mm. The insulating block of the insulating element may consist of various known insulating materials, such as, for example, mineral wool and the like, which are preferably non-combustible. In one embodiment of the invention, the coating layer may already be applied to the insulating element, which eliminates the laborious work of applying the coating on site. At the same time, thanks to pre-fabrication, the shortest possible construction periods can be realized and less inconvenience can be created for residents of buildings that are isolated during repair.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least one or more of the front and / or transverse surfaces is coated / covered with a curable adhesive layer, and the proportion of the surface coated with this layer leaves 30 to 100% of this front or transverse surface. Those. along with corners and edges, additional areas of the insulating element are covered with a layer of curable adhesive. This surface is always at least 30% coated with this layer, but any higher surface fraction is also possible, up to and including coating over the entire surface. Moreover, when covering several surfaces, some may be covered over the entire surface, others in lower percentages. Thus, the static properties of the insulating element can be brought into line with this field of application.

In another embodiment of the invention, the region of edges and corners, the first outer front surface, the second inner front surface, upper, lower, and lateral transverse surfaces are covered with a continuous layer of curable adhesive. Those. in this embodiment, the insulating element is surrounded on all sides by a layer of curable adhesive, resulting in a very stable insulating element.

To increase stability, the layer is reinforced with reinforcing devices, in particular fiberglass fabric or reinforcing fibers. This may include, for example, light aggregates and / or reinforcing fibers, such as, for example, special aramid fibers.

In another embodiment of the invention, at least one reinforcing element is arranged on the insulating element, preferably inside the insulating element, which is substantially flat and rigidly connected to the curable adhesive layer at least in the region of the edge and / or in the region of the corner and / or the front surface and / or the transverse surface of the insulating element. By flat here it is understood that this element has a greater transverse extent than thickness. These additional reinforcing elements are statically effective and increase the stability of the insulating element with respect to suction and wind pressure or, accordingly, its ability to bear the load from its own weight. Due to the connection with the curable adhesive layer, the loads arising in the region of the edge and / or angle and / or the front or transverse surface are transferred to the insulated building element. Additional reinforcing element can be made in various ways. For example, the reinforcing element is oriented normal to the front surfaces of the insulating element. In embodiments, the reinforcing element may also extend at an acute angle to the front surfaces. Variants are also possible in which reinforcing elements extending parallel to the transverse surfaces are further provided. Variants are also possible in which the reinforcing element is oriented in a direction normal to the upper and lower transverse surfaces and / or normal or parallel to the front surfaces.

Preferably, the reinforcing element is made in the form of a curable adhesive layer or in the form of a curable adhesive layer provided with reinforcing devices, in particular fiberglass fabric or reinforcing fibers (for example, polymer or fiberglass mesh). In addition, metal parts, such as, for example, perforated sheets, expanded metal sheets or metal fabrics, can be used for reinforcing.

In one embodiment of the invention, the insulating block consists of several substantially rectangular or prismatic, rigidly connected to each other elements of the insulating block, and these elements of the insulating block are preferably at least in the region of their edges and corners. a layer of curable glue. Due to this, on the one hand, simply carried out manufacturing processes can be realized, on the other hand, the reinforcing elements can be inserted very well into the insulating element. In this case, the connection points are oriented essentially in the vertical direction. The prismatic elements of the insulating block can have horizontal projections with a different number of angles, for example also triangular or hexagonal, to name only two possible options. Coating with a layer of curable adhesive contributes to the favorable static properties of the insulating element, and then the insulating element consisting of insulating block parts, in addition, at least in the area of its corners and edges, in turn, may have a continuous layer of curable adhesive. But, in principle, due to the presence of a layer in the region of the corners and edges of the elements of the insulating block after their assembly in one insulating block, the corners and edges are covered with a layer of curable adhesive.

The elements of the insulating block are preferably connected by means of reinforcing elements, which, in particular, are made in the form of flat layers of curable adhesive and are preferably reinforced with reinforcing devices, in particular fiberglass cloth. Reinforcing elements increase the stability of the insulating element and at the same time allow connecting the elements of the insulating block. The bonding points may also be provided with reinforcing fabric, for example fiberglass fabric, metal elements and the like. Due to this, their stability can be further enhanced. As already mentioned above, any adhesives are suitable if, when cured, they exhibit sufficient stability for use as reinforcing elements.

Preferably, a final surface coating is made on the first outer front surface of the insulating element, for example at least one facade plate, and / or at least one colored plaster surface, and / or at least one plaster layer reinforced with reinforcing devices, and / or at least one tensile layer of insulating material, and / or on the second, inner face surface, at least one layer of soft insulating material is located. Moreover, in the presence of several of the above-mentioned layers, the sequence from the inside out is any, for example, a plaster layer reinforced with reinforcing devices and a colored plastered surface can be made on a tensile layer of insulating material. The insulating elements provided in this way with prefabricated surfaces can reduce the installation time of insulating elements on an insulated building or building elements, as the work performed is limited by the substantially clean installation time, and other work steps are carried out under optimized constant conditions. Other options are, for example, the presence of vapor barrier film layers that are located inside the insulating element. In addition, in the insulating element behind the outer face under the surface coating, ventilation ducts may be provided for venting the cavities of the surface coating, and the surface coating may have openings by which these ventilation ducts are connected to the surrounding air. If there is at least one layer of soft insulating material on the second inner front surface, any known insulating materials that preferably have the above-mentioned properties, such as fire resistance, etc., can be used. This layer of insulating material is particularly preferred for compensating for irregularities on the surface of the insulated building item. In addition, with its help, ventilation of the cavities of the insulating element can be prevented.

In one embodiment, the surface coating by means of at least one spacer is installed at a distance from the outer front surface, and this spacer is made, for example, in the form of a pin or a metal profile element. Due to this, the surface coating can also be performed with ventilated cavities. The spacer can, for example, be made in the form of a pin, which is rigidly connected to at least one reinforcing element, or in the form

- 3 034150 (metal) profile element, the main axis of which runs parallel to the coating layer, and is also rigidly connected to at least one reinforcing element or, respectively, a layer of cured adhesive. The profile element can be made in the form of a rod with an I-profile or similar.

In addition, in one embodiment, at least one window or doorway is made in the insulating block, in which windows or doors can be fastened together with accessories, such as roller shutter boxes, blinds, guide rails and external window sills, preferably one or several surfaces of slopes of a window or doorway are made in the form of reinforcing elements. Thus, it is possible to provide the possibility of joining windows and doors or, accordingly, to facilitate the isolation of facades having windows and doors. For this, the surfaces of the slopes are, for example, in the form of a layer of cured adhesive.

In one embodiment of the invention, at least one upper anchor element is provided, located in the region of the upper transverse surface of the insulating element, rigidly connected to the insulating block, which has a first shelf extending preferably parallel to the upper transverse surface, and this upper anchor element is on the side of the inner front the surface has at least one mounting device for connection with an insulated building element, and preferably in the lower region internally The first front surface has at least one lower retaining rib rigidly connected to the insulating block and protruding substantially beyond the lower transverse surface at a substantially right angle to the lower transverse surface. In this case, the insulating element can be mounted especially simply, since it can be installed on an insulated building element without great efforts and connected to other, similarly made insulating elements into one continuous insulation. In this case, it is preferable that the fastening of the insulating element is completely in a warm area (i.e., on the insulated building element, not on the outside of the insulating element) and therefore does not form a thermal bridge. The dominant lower holding rib can be located between the insulated building element and the second inner face surface of the insulating element mounted underneath, whereby the upper insulating element can be attached.

In contrast to the previously known solutions that must be mounted on insulated building elements by means of several point or bus connections, in this solution, it is sufficient to connect the reinforcing element of the mounting device to the building element, while also not making too high demands on the accuracy of the joints, as it happens with known solutions. Those. An anchor element is used to fasten an insulating element to other insulating elements or, respectively, to an insulated building element. Anchor elements can, for example, be made in the form of reinforced plaster layers, from aluminum profiles, etc. It is also possible to use layers containing a high proportion of glue, while additional layers of preferably mineral and / or metallic nature are additionally provided for reinforcing or, respectively, reinforcing.

In one embodiment of the invention, the upper anchor element further has at least one upper retaining rib. Due to this, the next insulating element can be inserted obliquely and then slam towards the building element, then the insulating element, on the one hand, is fastened by means of the upper retaining ribs of the lower insulating element, on the other hand, then the next mounted insulating element is mounted by mounting the mounting device.

In another embodiment of the invention, the upper retaining rib extends between the inner and outer front surface substantially parallel to the outer front surface and, in addition, at least one lower anchor element is provided that is located on the lower transverse surface of the insulating element and is directed from the lower a transverse surface extending parallel to the front surfaces of the locking device, which is made in order to interact with the upper holding rib p an adjacent insulating element. Those. the upper retaining rib extends, not as described above, in the region of the outer front surface, but in the middle region of the upper transverse surface between the outer and inner front surface; or, accordingly, the upper retaining rib protrudes from the insulating element in the middle of the transverse surface perpendicular to the transverse surface; in addition, a second anchor element is provided, which is located on the lower transverse surface of the insulating element.

Thus, it is possible to work with alternately mounted insulating elements so that the later mounted insulating element is mounted on the previous insulating element so that the locking device interacts with the upper holding rib of the previous insulating element and secures the newly mounted insulating element. Then, the installation ends with the fastening of the anchor element of the mounting devices of the newly mounted insulating element.

The lower anchor element can be mounted on the insulating element in various ways, on

- 4,034,150 example by gluing, screwing, riveting or other forms of bonding that allow a durable, durable bonding.

Said at least one mounting device may, on the one hand, be detachably connected to at least one upper anchor element, or said at least one mounting device is made integrally with at least one upper anchor element. The detachable connection can be carried out due to the fact that the mounting device, which, for example, can be installed in the form of a keyway, is screwed to the anchor element or is locked in another way. It should be noted that options are also included here in which one upper anchor element is combined with several mounting devices.

The reinforcing elements located in the insulating element may also be connected to said anchor elements in order to further contribute to the static properties of the insulating element.

The objective of the invention is also solved using the above method of manufacturing the above insulating elements through the following steps:

a) preparing an insulating element having at least one substantially rectangular insulating block;

b) applying a layer of curable adhesive, at least in the region of the edges and corners of the insulating element, and this layer is preferably performed continuous.

In one embodiment of the invention, in step b), a layer is further applied to at least one or more of the front and / or transverse surfaces, wherein the proportion of the surface coated with the layer is preferably from 30 to 100% of the corresponding front and / or transverse surface.

In another embodiment of the invention, in step b), a layer of curable adhesive is applied in the region of edges and corners and on the front, upper, lower and side transverse surfaces of the insulating element.

Preferably, in step b), before applying the curable adhesive layer, at least one flat reinforcing element is formed inside the insulating block, which is connected to the then deposited adhesive layer of at least one edge and / or one corner and / or one front surface, and / or one transverse surface of the insulating element. Preferably, the reinforcing element is in the form of a layer of curable adhesive, which is preferably reinforced with reinforcing devices, in particular fiberglass cloth or reinforcing fibers.

In one embodiment of the invention, step a) is divided into the following separate steps:

a0) preparation of rectangular or prismatic elements of the insulating block;

a1) applying a layer of curable adhesive to the side surfaces of rectangular or prismatic elements of the insulating block, reinforced, for example, with reinforcing devices, in particular fiberglass cloth or reinforcing fibers;

a2) joining rectangular or prismatic elements of the insulating block into one insulating block by combining the side surfaces provided with a layer of adhesive and curing the adhesive layer.

Preferably, in step a0), the rectangular or prismatic elements of the insulating block, at least in the region of their edges and corners, are covered with at least one layer of curable adhesive, which is preferably solid.

In another embodiment, in step c), at least one upper anchor element is installed in the region of the upper transverse surface of the insulating element, and this upper anchor element preferably has at least one mounting device for connecting to the insulated building element on the side of the inner face surface.

Preferably, said at least one upper anchor element is integrally formed with several mounting devices. The installation of the anchor element can be carried out in various ways, for example by gluing, screwing, pin connections and the like. It is preferable, if the anchor element is connected with at least one reinforcing element of the insulating element.

Preferably, in addition to step c), at least one protruding retaining rib is fixedly connected to the insulating block in the lower region of the inner face and protruding substantially at a right angle to the lower transverse surface from this lower transverse surface.

In one of the steps of the method, preferably the final surface coating, for example at least one facade plate, and / or at least one colored plaster surface, and / or at least one plaster layer reinforced with reinforcing devices, and / or at least one durable in tension, a layer of insulating material is applied to the first outer face of the insulating element, and / or at least one layer of soft insulating material is applied to one of the transverse and / or front surfaces, preferably a second inner face of the insulating element.

- 5,034,150

In one embodiment of the invention, before applying a surface coating, spacers on which the surface coating is applied are connected to the at least one upper anchor element and / or the reinforcing element.

Preferably, in one of the steps of the method, paint is applied on the side of the first, outer front surface. In this step of the method, any patterns or images can be applied to the insulating element.

Below the invention is explained in more detail in one of the non-limiting examples of implementation, which is shown in the drawings. They are schematically shown in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a second embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 2B is a perspective view of a third embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a sixth embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a seventh embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of an eighth embodiment of an insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the insulating element of FIG. 6A;

FIG. 7 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an insulating element provided with a first embodiment of an anchor element and a mounting device;

FIG. 8 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an insulating element provided with a second embodiment of the anchor element and the mounting device;

FIG. 9 is a detailed cross-sectional view of an insulating element provided with a third embodiment of the anchor element and the mounting device;

FIG. 10 is one embodiment of the insulating element of FIG. 6;

FIG. 11 is another embodiment of an insulating element provided with another embodiment of the anchor element and mounting device;

FIG. 12 is an insulating element of FIG. 11 provided with reinforcing elements;

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of an insulating element consisting of several elements of an insulating block;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of two insulating elements in accordance with FIG. 13 in the mounted position;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the inventive insulating element of a layered structure having a covering layer;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an embodiment of the insulating member shown in FIG. fifteen;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an insulating element in accordance with FIG. 12 in the mounted position;

FIG. 18-20 are top views of cross-sections of different variants of the insulating element of the invention;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an inventive insulating element having a coating layer mounted on spacers;

FIG. 22 is a variant of FIG. 21, equipped with profile elements as spacers;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a mounting sequence of insulating elements of the invention; and FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a sequence of a manufacturing method of an insulating element of the invention.

The figures depict various examples of the implementation of the invention of the insulating element 1. To facilitate understanding, equally executed parts in all figures are denoted by the same reference signs. It is indicated that, in principle, all options can be implemented using the various described embodiments (in particular, the anchor element and the mounting device). For clarity, they abandoned the corresponding full image; the principle of operation is repeatedly explained by only one example.

In FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of an insulating element 1 of the invention. The insulating element 1 consists of a substantially rectangular insulating unit 10 that has a first outer face 3 and a second inner

- 6 034150 the main surface (hidden in FIG. 1) lying essentially parallel to each other and connected to each other by means of the upper 40, lower 41 (hidden in FIG. 1) and two lateral transverse surfaces 42, 42 '(one from the transverse surfaces in Fig. 1 is hidden). The first outer face 3 in the mounted state is directed from the insulated building element (not shown in FIG. 1), and the second inner face 8 in the mounted state is oriented towards the insulated building element.

The insulating element 1 is made in the form of a flat structure, i.e. it has a negligible thickness in comparison with the length of the plane. The front surfaces 3, 8 are parallel to each other, the transverse surfaces 40, 41, 42, 42 'are oriented essentially normal to the front surfaces 3, 8.

In accordance with the first embodiment depicted, the insulating element 1, at least in the region of its edges 50 and corners 51, is covered with at least one continuous layer 4 of curable adhesive. By expression in the field, it should be understood here that the layer 4 is made not only at the edges 50 and corners 51, but also outside the edges 50 and corners 51 so that the resulting layer 4 is a statically supporting structure.

The adhesive used is, for example, adhesive putty, as well as any other, most quickly cured adhesives, which, on the one hand, are fireproof and hydrophobic, and on the other hand, exhibit the viscous properties of the material. The components of the adhesive may be cement, organic adhesives, sand and other additives. Layer 4 can be reinforced with reinforcing devices of a known kind, in particular, fiberglass cloth or reinforcing fibers. The cured adhesive layer 4 in the cured state preferably has a thickness of 0.5 to 12 mm. An additional surface coating (see below) leads to an additional increase in thickness by about 3-12 mm.

In FIG. 1, said at least one continuous layer 4 is depicted over the entire region of edges 50 and angles 51. For clarity, the figures do not show variants of several continuous layers with places of their interruptions in the region of edges 50 and angles 51.

In FIG. 2A in accordance with the second embodiment, in addition to the regions of angles 51 and edges 50, the upper 40, lower 41 and lateral transverse surfaces 42, 42 ′ are also covered by layer 4. In FIG. 2B in accordance with the third embodiment, the additional outer face 4 is additionally covered with a layer 4. In principle, other variants are possible in which at least one or more of the front and / or transverse surfaces is partially or over the entire surface covered with a continuous layer of curable adhesive. But these options are not shown in the figures.

Partial coating, along with covering the entire surface of the front 3, 8 and transverse surfaces 40, 41, 42, 42 ', means that the proportion of coverage of this surface is from 30 to 100%; in principle, it must be said that various combinations of the above options are possible: for example, a partial coating in the region of angles 50 and edges 51 and a front surface 3, 8, one or more transverse surfaces 40, 41, 42, 42 ', which are each over the entire surface or with different percentages in excess of 30%, are coated with a curable adhesive.

In FIG. 3 shows a fourth embodiment in which the entire insulating element 1 is covered with a layer 4, i.e., along with the edges 50 and angles 51, there is also a first outer face 3, a second inner face 8, upper 40, lower 41 and lateral lateral surfaces 42, 42 '.

Layer 4 makes it possible to obtain a particularly resistant insulating element, which forms a favorable, spatially effective static system, which is particularly suitable for absorbing static loads (for example, due to air leaks) arising on the mounted insulating element 1.

In FIG. 4 shows a fifth embodiment in which three reinforcing elements 12 are provided inside the insulating element 1, which provide additional stability to the insulating element 1. The reinforcing elements 12 are made essentially flat and are connected to the curable adhesive layer 4 - in the illustrated embodiment, the insulating element 1 is covered with a layer 4 in the region of its edges 50 and angles 51, respectively, the reinforcing elements 12 are connected to the layer 4 at the edges 50. Of course , depending on the performance of layer 4, other options are possible, which, however, are not shown in the figures. Like layer 4, the reinforcing elements can also be reinforced with reinforcing devices, as described above.

The reinforcing element 12 in FIG. 4 extends over the entire cross section of the insulating element 1, but variants are also possible where the reinforcing element 12 covers only part of the surface of the cross section. Then the reinforcing element 12 is made, for example, so that it connects only the first outer front surface 3 and the second inner front surface 8, if these surfaces 3, 8 are covered with a layer 4 of curable adhesive. In FIG. 5 shows another, sixth embodiment of the insulating element 1 according to the invention: in it, the insulating unit 10 consists of several substantially rectangular or prismatic elements 10 'of the insulating block rigidly connected to each other. In the depicted embodiment, the elements 10 'of the insulating block in the region of their edges and corners are covered with a continuous layer of curable adhesive, but this layer may

- 7 034150 is absent. The connection of the elements 10 'of the insulating block is carried out by means of reinforcing elements 12, which, as described above, are made in the form of flat layers of curable adhesive, possibly reinforced with a reinforcing fabric. Of course, additional reinforcing elements 12 may also be provided.

In FIG. 6 shows an exploded perspective view of a seventh embodiment of the insulating element 1 of the invention. For purposes of illustration, the curable adhesive layer 4 in the following figures is only indicated or, accordingly, not shown, but the insulating elements depicted in each case can, of course, be equipped with the options described above layer 4. The fastening of the insulating element 1 to the insulated building element is carried out by means of at least one upper anchor element 5, 5 ', each of which is equipped with shey least one mounting device 9, 9 '. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the upper anchor element 5, 5 ′ includes a first shelf 70, 70 ′, which extends parallel to the upper surface 40, and an upper holding rib 7, 7 ′, which extends substantially at right angles, which runs parallel to the outer face 3. This upper retaining rib 7, 7 'may also be absent. The mounting device 9, 9 'is made integrally with the upper anchor element 5, 5' and has a hole through which through a screw or the like (not shown) is connected to an insulated building element. The hole can be made in the form of an elongated hole to allow horizontal, vertical and lateral alignment of the mounting device 9, 9 '(or, respectively, the insulating element 1).

Anchor elements 5 can be made in various ways, for example, in the form of a reinforced layer of plaster, which is made in such a way that it can be supplied or, accordingly, connected to the mounting device 9, 9 '. Embodiments in the form of an aluminum profile or the like are also possible. Thanks to the anchor elements 5, 5 'and the mounting devices 9, 9', the loads of the insulating element 1 (for example, air leaks, etc.) can be directed to the building element, which increases the resistance force of the insulating element 1. Of course, options are also possible, in which for each transverse surface provides several anchor elements. For illustrative purposes, such options are not shown in this and subsequent figures.

In FIG. 6, thus, it can be seen that the upper anchor element 5, on the one hand, secures the upper part of the insulating element 1 provided for it in the building element, and on the other hand, holds the lower part of the insulating element connected above (see in this connection, for example, Fig. 14), i.e. the upper anchor element 5 'of the lower insulating element 1', on the one hand, holds the upper side of the lower insulating element 1 ', and at the same time the lower side of the upper insulating element 1.

The upper anchor element 5, 5 'and the mounting device 9, 9' can be made in various ways, as shown in FIG. 7-9.

In FIG. 6A shows one embodiment of the insulating element 1 of FIG. 6, in which upper anchor elements 5, 5 ′ are also provided, but without upper retaining ribs 7, 7 ′, however. Instead, lower holding ribs 77, 77 'are provided which are located in the lower region of the inner face 8 and are rigidly connected to the insulating unit 10. The lower holding ribs 77, 77' are essentially at right angles to the lower transverse surface 4 ' lower transverse surface 4 'and protrude from it. Using these lower holding ribs 77, 77 ′, the insulating element 1 can be quickly and easily mounted on the insulating element 1 located below it, as can be seen in FIG. 6B, it can be seen here that the lower holding rib 77 ′ grips the second, inner face of the insulating element 1 located below it and is between the insulating element 1 and the insulated building element.

.e. the insulating element 1 simply slides on top, then the upper anchor element 5 'of the insulating element 1 or, accordingly, its mounting device 9' is connected to the insulated building element, for example, by screw connection.

In FIG. 7 shows a first embodiment in which the upper anchor element 5 and the mounting device 9 are again integral. The upper holding rib 7 extends at right angles to the first shelf 70 up. The first shelf 70 is connected to the insulating unit 10 of the insulating element 1, for example, by means of an adhesive layer 28. The upper retaining rib 7 extends in the region of the outer face 3 of the insulating element.

In FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the upper anchor element 5 and the mounting device 9 are respectively separately made and connected by a detachable connection. The detachable connection is made here in the form of a clamping screw connection, in which the mounting device 9 is clamped on the upper anchor element 5 and screwed, and at this time, alignment is also possible. Other detachable connections can, for example, be realized by means of a keyway or, respectively, generally by means of clamping and screw mechanisms. Other options are possible.

The mounting device 9 is substantially L-shaped and connected to the first shelf 70 of the anchor element 5. Otherwise, the upper anchor element 5 is made in the same way as in FIG. 7.

- 8 034150

In FIG. 9, another embodiment is now shown in which the anchor element 5 does not reach the outer face surface 3. Moreover, the upper holding rib 7 is located in the middle region of the upper transverse surface 40. The first shelf 70 is again connected to the insulating block 10 through the adhesive layer 28. For fastening the subsequent elements, the insulating element located above on its lower transverse surface now has a lower anchor element 5 ″ having a locking device 27. The locking device 27 is directed from the lower transverse surface 41 runs parallel to the front surfaces 3, 8 and is configured to interact with the upper holding rib 7 of the insulating element adjacent to it, as also seen in FIG. 9.

In FIG. 10 shows an exploded view of one embodiment of the insulating element 1 of FIG. 6, reinforcing elements 12 being further provided here. The reinforcing elements 12 serve essentially to improve the static properties of the insulating element 1. They are (at least partially) connected to the upper anchor elements 5, 5 ', whereby the loads are removed through proper mounting devices 9, 9 'in an insulated building element. The reinforcing elements 12 are explained in more detail below. In FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the insulating element 1 according to the invention, the differences being particularly related to the anchor element 5 or, accordingly, the mounting devices 9, 9 ′. Only one anchor element 5 and two mounting devices 9, 9 'are shown. In accordance with the image of FIG. 8, the anchor element 5 and the mounting device 9, 9 'are depicted as separate elements having a detachable connection.

The anchor element 5 again has a first shelf 70, which in this case extends over a large area of the upper transverse surface 40. The anchor element 5 is rigidly connected to the insulating unit 10. Mounting devices 9, 9 'can be put on the anchor element 5 by means of clamping joints. In FIG. 12 shows the insulating element 1 of FIG. 11 in an embodiment including reinforcing elements 12, as already described in connection with FIG. 10. The reinforcing elements 12 are rigidly connected to the anchor element, which, however, is not visible here due to an exploded view.

In FIG. 13 now shows an embodiment of the insulating element 1 of FIG. 12 provided with reinforcing elements 12. As already mentioned above, the reinforcing elements 12 can be made in various ways: it can be made in the form of a layer of glue, but a reinforcing fabric in the form of fiberglass can also be applied. Depicted in FIG. 13, the insulating element 1 has an insulating block 10, which consists of several elements 10 'of the insulating block. These elements 10 'of the insulating block have a substantially rectangular or prismatic shape (in principle, any polygonal surface of the base, for example, also triangular or hexagonal) and in the manufacture of the insulating element 1 can be connected to each other by means of adhesive joints. As mentioned above, these adhesive joints can be performed so that they function as reinforcing elements 12; this function is generally already ensured by the use of proper glue, which exhibits a certain rigidity upon curing; however, reinforcing material, such as fiberglass canvas, may also be embedded in adhesive bondings.

The reinforcing elements 12 are oriented essentially normal to the upper and lower transverse surfaces 40, 41 and are connected to the anchor element 5 to remove the loads of the insulating element 1. This provides increased static stability of the insulating element 1. Possible loads can be transmitted through the anchor element 5 and mounting devices 9, 9 'into an insulated building element 2 (not shown in FIG. 13).

The reinforcing elements 12 in the illustrated embodiment are located normal to the front surfaces 3, 8 and normal to the upper and lower transverse surfaces 40, 41. But embodiments are also possible in which the reinforcing elements 12 are made normal to the upper and lower transverse surfaces 40, 41, but parallel or oblique to the front surfaces 3, 8; execution is also possible, normal to the front surfaces 3, 8 and parallel to the upper and lower transverse surfaces 40, 41; mixed forms of different options are also possible. Embodiments may also be implemented in which the reinforcing elements 12 are oriented at an acute angle to the upper and lower transverse surfaces 40, 41 and to the front surfaces 3, 8.

In FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of two insulating elements 1, 1 ′ that are mounted on an insulated building element 2. The design of the anchor elements 5, 5 ′ and the mounting devices 9, 9 ′ corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 and 11-13. It can be seen that the anchor element 5 of the upper insulating element 1 is connected to the building element 2 by means of mounting devices 9, 9 '. The lower part of the upper insulating element 1 (or, accordingly, the region of the lower transverse surface 41) is held by the upper holding rib 7' of the anchor element 5 'of the lower insulating element 1'.

In FIG. 15 shows an exploded view of one embodiment of the insulating element 1, here, similarly to the example shown in FIG. 10, reinforcing elements 12 are provided. They can be (at least partially) connected to the upper anchor element 5, whereby loads are transferred through appropriate mounting devices 9, 9 ′ to the insulated building element. Anchor element 5 is connected to mounting devices 9, 9 ', for example screwed (see

- 9,034,150 cross-sectional degradation in FIG. 16). The anchor element 5 includes an upper holding rib 7 and a lower holding rib 6, which, respectively, can hold the insulating element on the insulated building element 2. In contrast to the example of FIG. 12-14, in the present case, it is not necessary to fasten the anchor elements 5 to the insulating element. Moreover, the anchor element holds two insulating elements 1, 1 ′ arranged one above the other on an insulated building element, as shown in FIG. 16 cross section.

In FIG. 17 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an insulating element 1 according to the invention, which, by means of an anchor element 5 and mounting devices 9, 9 ′, is fixed on an insulated building element (variant according to FIGS. 8 and 11-13). With the insulating element 1 in accordance with FIG. 17, a layer 13 of soft insulating material is applied on the inner face surface 8, which serves to compensate for irregularities and tolerances on the surface of the building element. At least one coating layer (or surface coating) is applied to the outer face 3. In the illustrated embodiment, a tensile layer of insulating material 14 and a reinforced plaster layer 15 are applied. The figures are not shown, but in embodiments it is also possible the presence of additional film layers that act as a vapor barrier. Several of the above layers may also be performed.

In this case, a prefabricated insulating element can be realized that meets the requirements of building physics and, depending on the embodiment, functions well even on defective ones from the point of view of building physics, i.e., for example, vapor-permeable building elements, as well as at joints.

A weatherproof and UV-resistant film (not shown in the figures) can also be applied as an outermost layer, which acts as a coating layer and can be provided with color printing. In general, the coating layer may be provided with a seal. Printing on the finished coating layer (even with stucco or with ventilation of the cavities) can be carried out in such a way that, using appropriate devices, ink is applied to the coating layer (which is also referred to as surface coating) of the individual insulating elements.

In FIG. 18 shows a section parallel to the transverse surfaces of another embodiment of the inventive insulating element 1, which is located on an insulated building element 2. It again depicts a layer of soft 13 insulating material deposited on the inner face 8, while the outer face 3 shows a durable stretching the layer 14 of insulating material and the layer 15 of the stucco (covering layer or, respectively, surface coating). In the tensile layer of insulating material 14, ventilation ducts 16 are made that extend parallel to the outer face 3 and are normal to the transverse surfaces. These ventilation ducts 16 serve to ventilate the cavities of the stucco layer 15. Through holes 17, the ventilation ducts 16 are connected to the environment.

In the insulating unit 10 in parallel and normal to the front surfaces 3, 8 are reinforcing elements.

In FIG. 19 shows a section parallel to the transverse surfaces of two inventive insulating elements 1, 1 ″, which are located next to each other. The cross section shows the execution of the area 18 of the junction of two adjacent insulating elements 1, 1 ''. To compensate for tolerances, the joint region 18 on both insulating elements 1, 1 ″ is made with soft heat-insulating material, for example, a layer 13 of soft insulating material can be stretched forward on the inner face 8 towards the outer face 3.

To further compensate for tolerances and to protect against penetrating rain, the front joint area 18 adjacent to the region of the stucco layer 15, and when performed in the region of the tensile layer of insulating material 14, can be made with restrictive profiles 19 for joints and hollow profiles 20 for joints or, respectively, tapes for joints.

In FIG. 20 shows a top view of a cross-section of one embodiment of an insulating element 1 according to the invention, in which a shaft 21 for mounting wires 22 is made in the insulating block 10, while the shaft 21 is provided with a water and fireproof enclosure. Partially insulating elements may be provided with such shafts having inspection holes 23 through which there is access to the shaft 21 or, respectively, the installation wires. Advantageously, such insulating elements arranged one above the other, provided with a shaft 21, have such inspection openings not at each insulating element, but at reasonable distances.

Another embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in FIG. 21 and 22, shows a perspective view of the insulating elements 1, 1 ′, which are provided with an additional cladding layer 24. The cladding layer 24, which preferably consists of slab building materials, is connected to the outer face 3 of the insulating element 1 by spacers (for example, in the form of fixed on the reinforcing elements 12 of the pins 25, as in Fig. 19, or fixed at least

- 10 034150 pe on one anchor element 5, 5 'of metal profile elements 25', as in FIG. 20). Between the facing layer 24 and the outer front surface 3, an air layer is thus formed, which is connected to the outside air through corresponding openings (not shown in FIG. 19). Due to this, air leakage acts on the plate cladding layer 24, which can be deformed without tearing the insulating element 1 from the insulated building element 2. Due to this, a relatively larger version of the insulating elements is possible.

In FIG. 21 spacers are made in the form of pins 25. In accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 20 they are implemented in the form of profile elements 25 '. The main axis of the profile elements 25 'extends essentially parallel to the plane of the coating layer 24. The profile elements 25' can be made in the form of rods or with an I-profile. Preferably, the profile element 25 ′ is connected to both the upper and lower anchor element 5 ″. When rigidly connected to anchor elements 5 or reinforcing elements 12 (not shown separately in FIGS. 19 and 20) with these spacers 25, 25 ′, it can be achieved that the insulating block 10 is firmly pressed against the insulated building element 2. The static between the reinforcing elements is practically completely carried out by spacers 25, 25 '.

Particularly preferred for the inventive insulating element and all the described options is common, along with the preferred statics, simple and quick installation on an insulated building element. In this regard, reference is made to a perspective view of FIG. 23 (the anchor element and the mounting device are made in accordance with FIGS. 12 and 13, however, provided with additional retaining ribs on the anchor element 5; of course, the following versions are also valid for other options) and, in particular, located on them in the extreme position on the right from the outside insulating elements 1, 1 '. The lower insulating element 1 'is already finally mounted. For this, it was fixed with its anchor element 5 'or, accordingly, its mounting device 9' ', 9' '' on the building element 2. For this, the mounting device 9 '', 9 '' 'can be mounted by means of screw dowels (not pictured). Mounting can be facilitated by an adhesive joint, while a layer of glue is applied between the inner face and the insulated building element 2.

Thus, the lower insulating element through its mounting device 9 ″, 9 ″ ″ and the anchor element 5 ′ and its lower holding rib 6 ′, which grips the outer front surface 3 ′, is pressed against the insulated building element 2.

The upper retaining rib 7 'of the upper anchor element 5' of the lower insulating element 1 'can now accommodate the nearest upper insulating element 1 in its lower region. To do this, the upper insulating element 1 is mounted at an angle to the lower insulating element 1 'and then slams in the direction of the insulated building element 2. The axis of rotation around which this process of collapse occurs lies in the region of the lower transverse surface of the upper insulating element 1. As soon as the upper insulating element lies on the insulated building element 2, the upper anchor element 5 of the upper insulating element 1 is connected to the building by means of its mounting device 9, 9 ' Yelnia element 2. This compound may be applied to facilitate the process of mounting the adhesive layer on the inner face 8 of the upper insulation element 1.

Thus, the upper insulating element 1 is now fixed on the insulated building element 2 by the upper holding rib 7 'of the upper anchor element 5' of the lower insulating element 1 'and by its own anchor element 5.

The upper holding rib 7 of the anchor element 5 of the upper insulating element 1 is now ready for placement of the next insulating element.

It should be noted that the described installation is only one of several possibilities; in principle, it is also possible to mount from left to right or vice versa, and from top to bottom, with a corresponding rotation of the insulating elements.

In another embodiment (see pictorial illustration in FIG. 23), at least one window or doorway 26 may also be provided in the insulating element, i.e. so that an insulating element having such a window can be embedded in a node of insulating elements. Preferably, the window or doorway 26 is dimensioned so that windows or doors can be fastened together with accessories such as roller shutter boxes, blinds, guide rails and exterior window sills. The surface 29 of the slopes of the window or doorway 26 can be in this case made in the form of reinforcing elements 12, for example, in the form of layers of cured adhesive, possibly provided with reinforcing elements.

But in principle, windows and doors can also be taken into account by the fact that insulating elements of appropriate sizes are inserted that end flush with the windows and doors (or, correspondingly, the corresponding connecting frames).

An illustrative method for manufacturing the inventive insulating element in accordance with an illustrative embodiment is shown in FIG. 24. The individual steps of the method are indicated on it according to the reference symbols given below in parentheses. Depending on

- 11 034150 of the layered version of the insulating element, process steps may also be skipped. We refer to the already mentioned other technological steps (see also the claims).

At the first stage, the prismatic elements 10 'of the insulating block are cut to the required dimensions (100) and provided with a layer of glue (110) and appropriate reinforcing elements (120), for example, fiberglass. After that, the individual elements 10 'of the insulating block are glued into one insulating element 1 (130). At the same working stage, the insulating elements 1 may be provided with a layer 4 of curable adhesive; depending on the variant, this layer 4 is applied either only in the region of angles 51 and edges 50 of the insulating element 1, or additionally on the front 3, 8 or transverse surfaces 40, 41, 42, 42 '. Layer 4 covers from 30 to 100% of this surface. As already mentioned, the insulating element 1 should not consist of several elements 10 'of the insulating block, but may also have only one single insulating block 10.

After that, the application and trimming of the layer 13 of soft insulating material (140) is carried out.

At another working stage, an anchor element and an integrated or, respectively, separate mounting device are installed and corners (protruding from the side of the layers of soft insulating material) are cut out and edges (protruding from the side) are bent (= edge strips) (or, respectively, the transverse sides of the insulating block are provided with an additional a layer of soft insulating material) (150). Other technological steps follow, such as installing a reinforcement or, respectively, tensile insulation (160), installing edge profiles for joints (170), applying a coating layer in the form of a layer of plaster (180), and applying paint to the outer covering layer. Depending on whether the anchor elements are made integral or detachable with mounting devices, mounting devices of the anchor elements can also be installed at this stage.

Essentially, the manufacturing method of the inventive insulating element 1 consists of preparing an insulating element 1 including at least one substantially rectangular insulating unit 10. In the first embodiment, a continuous layer 4 is applied in the region of the edges 50 and angles 51 of the insulating element 1 curable adhesive. In other embodiments, this layer can be additionally applied to the front 3, 8 and / or upper 40, lower 41 and lateral transverse surfaces 42, 42 'over the entire surface or in fractions equal to 30% of the surface and above. The layer may also completely cover the insulating element 1.

Inside the insulating block 10, before applying the curable adhesive layer 4, flat reinforcing elements 12 can be installed. The reinforcing elements 12 can also be in the form of a curable adhesive layer, possibly provided with reinforcing devices.

In another embodiment, which is described above, the insulating block 10 is composed of rectangular or prismatic elements 10 'of the insulating block, which are rigidly connected by means of reinforcing elements 12 in the form of layers of cured adhesive (possibly provided with reinforcing devices). Elements 10 'of the insulating block in the area of their edges and corners can also be covered with a layer of curable adhesive.

In accordance with the new standard of insulation of large thickness, the invention thus offers, by means of at least one continuous layer 4 of curable adhesive and by means of corresponding interlayers in the insulation layer (in the insulating block), to give them static rigidity so that they are prefabricated and ready for installation insulating elements could be made with prefabricated coating layers and mounted on buildings outside using an appropriately integrated fastening system a short time.

Claims (23)

CLAIM 1. An insulating element (1) for thermal insulation of building facades, having at least two essentially rectangular insulating blocks (10), each of which has a first outer front surface (3) and a second inner front surface (8) lying, essentially parallel to each other and connected to each other by means of an upper (40), lower (41) and two lateral transverse surfaces (42, 42 '), and the first outer front surface (3) in the mounted state is directed from the insulated building element ( 2), and the second inner l the face surface (8) in the mounted state is located in the direction oriented to the insulated building element (2), each insulating block (10), at least in the region of its edges (50) and angles (51), covered with at least one a continuous layer (4) of curable adhesive, characterized in that it further comprises at least one upper anchor element (5), which is located in the region of the upper transverse surface (4) of at least one insulating block (10) and is rigidly connected to the specified insulating block (10) moreover, the anchor element (5) has a first shelf (70) extending parallel to the upper transverse surface, and this upper anchor element (5) on the side of the inner face surface (8) has at least one mounting device (9, 9 ') for connections to an insulated building element (2), and - 12 034150 and the upper anchor element (5) additionally has at least one upper retaining rib (7, 7 ') extending parallel to the outer front surface (3) of said blocks (10), the first shelf (70) of the anchor element (5 ) is rigidly connected to the specified at least one insulating unit (10), and the retaining rib (7, 7 ') extends at right angles upward to the first shelf (70), and at least one upper retaining rib (7, 7') located in the middle of the upper transverse surface (40) of the underlying insulating block (1 0) and interacts with a locking device (27), which is directed from the lower transverse surface (41) of the overlying insulating block (10) and runs parallel to the front surfaces (3, 8), and the insulating element further comprises at least one reinforcing element (12 ), which is connected to the anchor element (5). 2. The insulating element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating element (1) in the lower region of the inner front surface (8) has at least one rigidly connected to the insulating block (10) and, essentially, under the direct angled to the lower transverse surface (4 '), the lower holding rib (77, 77') protruding beyond this lower transverse surface (4 ') or has an additional anchor element (5') on its lower transverse surface having a locking device (27) and made to interact with the upper retaining rib (7) located next to it an insulating block (10). 3. The insulating element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in addition at least one of the transverse surfaces (40, 41, 42, 42 ') is covered with a layer (4) of curable adhesive, and the proportion coated with this layer ( 4) the surface is from 30 to 100% of the corresponding front (3, 8) or transverse (40, 41, 42, 42 ') surfaces. 4. The insulating element (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the region of the edges (50) and angles (51), the first outer front surface (3), the second inner front surface (8), upper (40) lower ( 41) and lateral transverse surfaces (42, 42 ') are coated with a continuous layer (4) of curable adhesive. 5. The insulating element (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the layer (4) is reinforced with a fiberglass fabric or reinforcing fibers. 6. The insulating element (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one reinforcing element (12) is located inside the insulating block (10), while the element (12) is made essentially flat and rigidly connected to a curable adhesive layer (4) in at least one edge (50) and / or one corner (51) and / or one front surface (3, 8) and / or one transverse surface (40 41, 42, 42 ') of the insulating element (1). 7. The insulating element (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcing element (12) is made in the form of a layer of curable adhesive or in the form of a layer of curable adhesive provided with a fiberglass fabric or reinforcing fibers. 8. The insulating element (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one insulating block (10) consists of several essentially rectangular or prismatic, rigidly connected to each other elements (10 ') of the insulating block, moreover, these elements (10 ') of the insulating block are preferably at least in the region of their edges and corners covered with at least one continuous layer of curable adhesive. 9. An insulating element (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the elements (10 ') of the insulating block are connected by means of reinforcing elements (12), which, in particular, are made in the form of flat layers of cured adhesive and are preferably reinforced with reinforcing devices, in in particular fiberglass fabric or reinforcing fibers. 10. The insulating element (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that on the first outer front surface (3) of the insulating element (1) a final surface coating is made, for example at least one facade plate, and / or at least one a colored plastered surface, and / or a plaster layer (15) reinforced with reinforcing devices, and / or a tensile layer of insulating material (14), and / or at least one soft layer (13) of soft insulation and / or on the second inner face surface (8) insulation mate iala. 11. The insulating element (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the surface coating is installed at a distance from the outer face (3) by means of at least one spacer (25, 25 '), and this spacer is made, for example, in the form a pin (25) or a metal profile element (25 '). 12. An insulating element (1) according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that at least one insulating block (10) has at least one window or doorway (26) for fastening a window or door together with accessories such as like roller shutter boxes, blinds, guide rails and external window sills, preferably one or more slope surfaces (29) of the slopes of a window or doorway (26) are made in the form of reinforcing elements (12). 13. A method of manufacturing an insulating element (1) according to claim 8, comprising the following steps: - 13 034150 a) trimming the prismatic elements (10 ') of the insulating block to the required dimensions, supplying with a layer of glue and appropriate reinforcing elements and gluing the individual elements (10'), forming at least two insulating blocks (10); b) applying a layer (4) of curable adhesive, at least in the region of the edges (50) and angles (51) of at least one insulating block (10), and this layer (4) is continuous, characterized in that c) install at least one upper anchor element (5, 5 ') in the region of the upper transverse surface (40) of at least one insulating block (10), the upper anchor element (5, 5') on the side of the inner front surface ( 8) has at least one mounting device (9, 9 ') for connecting to an insulated building element (2), and the upper anchor element (5) additionally has at least one upper holding rib (7, 7') running in parallel the outer front surface (3), and the first shelf (70) anchor element (5) is rigidly connected to the insulating unit (10), and the holding rib (7, 7 ') extends at right angles upward to the first shelf (70), and at least one upper holding rib (7, 7') is located in the middle of the upper transverse surface (40) of the underlying insulating block (10) for interacting with the locking device (27), which is directed from the lower transverse surface (41) of the overlying insulating block (10) and runs parallel to the front surfaces (3, 8), at least a reinforcing element (12) which is inyayut with the anchoring element. 14. The method according to item 13, characterized in that then, at step c), at least one rigidly connected to the insulating block (10) and essentially at right angles to the lower transverse is installed in the lower region of the inner face surface (8) surface (4 ') protruding beyond this lower transverse surface (4') lower holding rib (77), while on the transverse surface establish an anchor element (5 '') having a locking device (27) for interacting with the specified upper holding rib ( 7) another isolator located next to it guide block (10). 15. The method according to item 13 or 14, characterized in that in step b) the layer (4) is additionally applied to at least one of the transverse surfaces (40, 41, 42, 42 '), while the proportion coated with a layer (4 ) the surface preferably comprises from 30 to 100% of the corresponding front (3, 8) and / or transverse surface (40, 41, 42, 42 '). 16. The method according to one of claims 13-15, characterized in that in step b) the cured adhesive layer (4) is applied in the region of the edges (50) and angles (51) and on the front (3, 8), upper (40 ), the lower (41) and lateral transverse surfaces (42, 42 ') of the insulating block (10). 17. The method according to one of claims 13-16, characterized in that in step b) at least one flat reinforcing element (12) is connected to the applied layer before applying the cured adhesive layer (4) inside the insulating block (10) then a layer (4) of curable adhesive of at least one edge (50), and / or one corner (51), and / or one front surface (3, 8), and / or one transverse surface (40, 41, 42, 42 ') of the insulating element (1). 18. The method according to 17, characterized in that the reinforcing element (12) is made in the form of a layer of curable adhesive, which is preferably reinforced with reinforcing devices, in particular a fiberglass cloth or reinforcing fibers. 19. The method according to one of paragraphs.13-18, characterized in that step a) is divided into the following separate steps: a0) preparation of rectangular or prismatic elements (10 ') of the insulating block; a1) applying a layer of curable adhesive to the side surfaces of the rectangular or prismatic elements (10 ') of the insulating block, reinforced, for example, with reinforcing devices such as fiberglass fabric or reinforcing fibers; a2) joining the rectangular or prismatic elements (10 ') of the insulating block into one insulating block (10) by combining the side surfaces provided with the adhesive layer and curing the adhesive layer. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that at step a0) the rectangular or prismatic elements (10 ') of the insulating block, at least in the area of their edges and corners, are covered with at least one layer of curable adhesive, which is preferably made continuous . 21. The method according to one of paragraphs.13-20, characterized in that in one of the stages of the method, preferably the final surface coating, for example at least one facade plate, and / or at least one colored plastered surface, and / or at least at least one layer of plaster reinforced with reinforcing devices, and / or at least one tensile layer of insulating material, is applied to the first outer face (3) of the insulating element (1) and / or at least one layer (13) of soft insulating material on the wear on one of the transverse (40, 41, 42, 42 ') and / or front surfaces (3, 8), preferably on the second inner front surface (8) of the insulating element (1). 22. The method according to item 21, characterized in that before applying the surface layer of the spacer (25, - 14 034150 25 ′) is connected to said at least one upper anchor element (5, 5 ′) and / or a reinforcing element (12) to which a surface coating is applied. 23. The method according to one of paragraphs.13-22, characterized in that at one of the stages of the method carry out the application of paint on the side of the first outer front surface (3).