EA023386B1 - Composition for treatment of maize and lupine seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to means improving viability of plants and yield of agricultural crops (maize, lupine). Various compositions are proposed for incrustation of maize and lupine seeds including a disinfectant, liquid complex fertilizers containing microelements including those in the chelate form, a plant growth regulator Hydrogumate (produced on a peat basis), or a plant growth stimulator (Tubelak), or a plant protection means (Tuberit) produced from starch production waste, and binders. It has been found that application of the invented compositions increases seed germination energy (an increase in germ plant length and biomass), which later increases the yield of green mass, dry substance and grains of maize and blue lupine.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to means that increase the viability of plants and crop yields (corn, lupine).

In crop cultivation technologies, a mandatory agrochemical technique is seed dressing. In advance or before sowing, but no later than 10-14 days before sowing, seed dressing is carried out with the method of inlaying with chemical preparations (dressing agents), possibly with protective-stimulating compounds containing microelements, growth regulators, microbiological preparations and other components, which is why in early The stages of ontogenesis of plants create favorable conditions for their growth and development [1].

A wide range of preparations is known for presowing seed treatment in order to reduce the incidence of various diseases and increase crop yields.

The following preparations are allowed for seed treatment in the State Register of Plant Protection Products (Pesticides) and Fertilizers Permitted for Use in the Republic of Belarus: for corn - Semaphore TPS (2.0-2.5 l / t), Agrovital, KS (0 , 5 l / t), Aulsal, KS (4-5 l / t), Gaucho, KS (4-5 l / t), Coyote, Ks (4-5 l / t), Commander, VRK (7.0 l / t), Nuprid 600, KS (4-5 l / t), Pikus, KS (4-5 l / t), Tabu VSK (5-6 l / t), Pancho, KS (2.5-3 l / t), Scarlet, ME (0.4 l / t); Treasure, Ks (0.6 l / t), Lamador, KS (0.2 l / t), Kruizer, KS (6-9 l / t), Force 2ea, KS (0.125 l / per sowing unit), Royalfo 42С (2 l / t), TMTD (4 l / t), Corriolis, KS (0.25 l / t), Premium, 200 (0.25 l / t), Inshur Perform, KS (0.5 l / t), Kinto Duo (2.5 l / t), Maxim Xb (1.0 l / t), Vincit Extra (1.0 l / t), Signal, 3% SE (3.5-4.0 l / t); for narrow-leafed lupine seeds - Royalfo 42C (2 l / t), TMTD (3 l / t), Kinto Duo (1.5-2.0 l / t), Maxim Xb (1 l / t), Wiener, KS ( 2 l / t), Vincit, CS (2.0 l / t), Vincit Forte (1.0 l / t) [2].

It is also known that in order to stimulate plant growth and increase the yield of the above crops, the following plant growth regulators are used in seed treatment with seed dressing: for corn - Fitostimofos (5 l / t), Hydrohumate (0.2-0.5 l / t), Oksigumat (0.2-0.5 l / t), seed incrustation agent Incor (0.8 l / t), Ecosil 5% VE (0.1 l / t); for lupine seeds of narrow-leaved Ecosil 5% VE (0.04 l / t) [2].

It is known to use the composition of the company Yara (Norway) TensoKokteyl (B, Ca, Si, Pe, Μη, Ζη, Mo) to stimulate the germination of corn seeds. The disadvantage of this composition is too large a set of trace elements, not always justified for this culture [3].

It is also known that the treatment of corn seeds with microelements, in particular boron fertilizers (20-40 g of boron per 1 ton of seeds), increased grain yield from 1.1 to 10.4 c / ha; molybdenum (20-40 g) - 1.12.6 q / ha; zinc (40 g) - by 3.7-8.8 kg / ha; copper (15-20 g) - 1.65 c / ha; manganese (20-30 g) - 0.5-3.9 kg / ha [4].

The closest to the proposed solution for the achieved result and technical essence is the use of a dressing agent for inlaid corn seeds in conjunction with a plant growth regulator, where humic nature regulators - Hydrohumate (0.2-0.5 l / t) or Oxyhumate are used as plant growth regulator (0.2-0.5 l / t) - prototype [2].

When developing the inlaid formulations for the pre-sowing treatment of corn and lupine seeds, we used approved dressing agents and other modifying additives, including: for corn, a complex liquid fertilizer with chelated forms of trace elements - = 8: 4: 9 with boron, zinc and molybdenum (zinc and molybdenum in chelated form); for lupine - grades ΝΡΚ = 5: 7: 10 with boron and molybdenum (molybdenum in chelated form); plant growth regulator Hydrohumate obtained from peat, or Tuberlac plant growth stimulator, or Tuberit plant protection product obtained from starch wastes.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of encrusting seeds to increase the yield of green mass and grain of corn and lupine.

This goal is achieved by the fact that before sowing the seeds of corn and lupine are treated with a composition including dressing agent (any of those allowed for corn, Maxim Xb (10% by weight of the inlaid composition) and Gaucho, KS - 50% by weight of the composition) and liquid nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer with trace elements, including in chelate form (for corn - B, Ζη and Mo; for lupine - B, Mo), and, if necessary, plant growth regulator (Hydrohumate) or plant growth stimulator (Tubelak) or plant protection product (Tuberite) and when not cost of the binder.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Inlaid formulations for corn.

Example 1. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%) and water (the rest) - the basic version.

Example 2. The prototype, corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), plant growth regulator Hydrohumate (5%) and water ( rest).

Example 3. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), a Gisinar binder or a water-soluble polymer (5%) and water (the rest )

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Example 4. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 10%) and water (the rest).

Example 5. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 20%) and water (the rest).

Example 6. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 10%), a binder (5%) and water (the rest).

Example 7. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 10%), plant growth regulator Hydrohumate (5%) and water (rest).

Example 8. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 10%), plant growth stimulator Tubelac (5-10%) and water (the rest).

Example 9. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polessky-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 10%), a plant protection product Tuberite (510%) and water (the rest).

Example 10. Corn seeds Dolphin and Polesskiy-212 were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 ton of corn seeds), including dressing agent (2.5-50.0%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron, zinc and molybdenum in chelate form ( 10%), plant growth regulator Hydrohumate (5%), or Tuberlak plant growth stimulator (5-10%), or Tuberit plant protection product (5-10%), a binder (5%) and water (the rest).

Inlaid compositions for lupine.

Example 1. The basic version, the seeds of the narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20% by weight of the inlaid composition) and water (the rest).

Example 2. The seeds of narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 L of solution per 1 ton of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), Gisinar binder or a water-soluble polymer (5%) and water (the rest).

Example 3. The seeds of narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron and molybdenum in chelated form (10%) and water (the rest) .

Example 4. The seeds of narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron and molybdenum in chelated form (10%), a binder (5% ) and water (the rest).

Example 5. The seeds of narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron and molybdenum in chelated form (10%), plant growth stimulator Tubelak (5-10%) and water (the rest).

Example 6. The seeds of lupine narrow-leaved Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron and molybdenum in chelated form (10%), plant growth stimulator Tubelak (5-10%), a binder (5%) and water (the rest).

Example 7. The seeds of narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron and molybdenum in chelated form (10%), plant protection product Tuberite (5-10%) and water (the rest).

Example 8. The seeds of narrow-leaved lupine Pershatsvet or Khvalko were treated with an inlaid composition (10 l of solution per 1 t of seeds), including dressing agent (10-20%), complex liquid fertilizer with boron and molybdenum in chelated form (10%), plant protection product Tuberite (5-10%), a binder (5%) and water (the rest).

Agrochemical tests of the effectiveness of encrusting compounds were carried out in laboratory and field conditions. When assessing the effect of encrusting compounds on seed germination, the biotest method was used, according to which the percentage of germinated seeds, the length of the sprouts and the accumulation of biomass were taken into account. A seed germination biotest characterizes the phytotoxic effect of the compounds at the earliest stage of plant development. The phytotoxic effect is estimated by the number of germinating seeds, the length of the shoots and their biomass. Formulations intended for pre-sowing seed treatment have phytotoxic effect if seed germination is less than 80% of the control or seed does not germinate at all.

The essence of the methodology was as follows: before the test, the seeds of corn and lupine (100 g) in glass cups were soaked in various compositions and kept for 24 hours. After this time, the seeds were placed in 20 pieces (4-fold repetition) in previously prepared, sterile Petri dishes that were previously sterilized with filter paper and cotton in an oven at a temperature of 120 ° C for two hours. The seeds were distributed evenly over the surface of the plate and then wetted with 10 ml of sterile water.

Seeds were kept in the thermostat for three days for germination. Further, such indicators as the length of the sprouts and the biological mass of the seed sprouts were taken into account. The control was seeds soaked in the same volume of sterile distilled water.

The data obtained in laboratory experiments (2007-2008 and 2011-2012) indicate that the claimed inlaid compositions for corn seeds were more effective and contributed to an increase in the length of seedlings (2007-2008 - by 5.8-27 , 9 mm, 2011-2012 - by 0.68-2.79 mm) and, accordingly, the accumulation of their biomass (by 7-65 and 10-75 mg) compared with the control, where the seeds were treated only with sterile distilled water. The proposed inlaid compositions were more effective and compared with the basic version and prototype, table. 12.

Table 1. The effect of inlaid compounds on the biometric indicators of seedlings of corn seeds (according to laboratory experiments for 2007-2008)

Options Sprout length, cm Sprout biomass mm +, - to control MG +, - to control 1, Control without fertilizer (seeds soaked in sterile distilled water) 33.9 - 142 - 2. Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%), example 1 - the basic version 33.6 -0.3 130 -12 3. Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + plant growth regulator Hydrohumate (5%), example 2 - prototype 39.0 5.1 160 eighteen 4, Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%), example 4 47.9 14.0 149 7 5, Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + complex liquid fertilizers (20%), example 5 47.0 13.1 177 35 6. Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant growth stimulator (Tubelak, 510%), example 7 61.8 27.9 207 65 7. Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant protection agent (Tuberite, 510%), example 8 57.1 23,2 167 35 NDS „5 2.25 10,4 -

Table 2. The effect of inlaid compounds on the biometric indicators of seedlings of corn seeds (according to laboratory experiments for 2011-2012)

Option Length seedlings Biomass weight mm +, - to var. 1 mg +, - to var. 1 1. Control without fertilizers (seeds soaked in sterile distilled water) 3.40 0 132 0 2. Dresser Gaucho, KS (40-50% by weight of the inlaid composition), example 1 - the basic version 3.36 -0.04 130 -2 3. Protravitel Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + plant growth regulator Hydrohumate (5%), example 2 - prototype 4.02 0.68 141 eleven 4. Dresser Gaucho, COP (40-50%) + binder (5%), example 3 4.80 1.40 149 17 5. Protravitel Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%), example 4 4.68 1.28 177 45 6. Treater Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + complex liquid fertilizers (20%), example 5 4.85 1.45 142 10 7. Treater Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + binder (5%), example 6 5.10 1.70 160 28 8. Treater Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant growth stimulator Tubelak (5-10%), example 7 6.19 2.79 207 75 9. Treater Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant protection products Tuberite (5-10%), example 8 5,0 1,60 142 10 10. Treater Gaucho, KS (40-50%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant protection products Tuberite (5-10%) + binder (5%), example 9 4.2 0.8 137 5 НСРо5 0.29 - 9.1 -

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When treating corn seeds, the most favorable effect on test parameters (sprout length and biomass accumulation) was exerted by a protective-stimulating composition, including dressing, liquid complex fertilizers, and Tubelak plant growth stimulator (Example 7) - 2.79 mm and 75 mg.

Seed dressing for production is carried out on machines KPS-10 or PS-10A, PPSh-5, Mobitoks-Super, etc.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of individual inlaid compounds in the field was carried out in 2007-2008. Field experiments were carried out at the experimental site of the Scientific and Production Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for farming in Zhodino on sod-podzolic light loamy soil with the following agrochemical indicators in the arable horizon: content of mobile forms P ₂ O ₅ - 245-325 and K ₂ O - 250-348 mg / kg of soil, organic matter - 2.4-2.8%, pH in KS1 - 6.3-6.5. The effectiveness of encrusting compounds was studied against the background of organic fertilizers (50 t / ha) and Ν ₁₁₀ + ₄₅ Ρ ₆₀ Κ ₉₀ . Hybrid of corn: Polessky 212СВ, FAO 210 Belarusian breeding. Seeding rate -160 thousand seeds / ha, sowing method wide-row, row spacing 70 cm.

In the field experiment, a positive effect of inlaid compounds on the field germination of seeds, yield of dry matter (when harvesting on green mass and corn grain was also established. However, their positive effect on the height of plants and plant resistance to damage by bladder smut were not revealed, Table 3.

Table 3. The effect of inlaid compositions on the height of plants and the yield of corn in a field experiment (average for 2007-2008)

Option processing Field germination seed% The defeat of the bubbly smut,% Stem lodging % Height plants cm Productivity, t / ha green Noah masses dry substance grain 14% noah humidity 1. Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%), example 1 - basic option 90 3 5 251 354 140 60.5 2. Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + plant growth regulator Hydrohumate (5%), example 2 - prototype 91 4 7 250 346 139 62,2 3, Protravitel Maxim Xb (10%) + liquid fertilizers complex (10%), example 4 92 2 6 252 350 140 63,4 4. Protectant Maxim Xb (10%) + liquid fertilizers complex (10%) + plant growth stimulator Tubelac (5- ] 0%), example 7 93 4 6 248 356 144 64,4 NDS ₀₅ - 10 32 2.6 3.2

Narrow-leafed lupine seeds were also treated with disinfectants that were approved for use, together with liquid complex fertilizers with chelated forms of microelements, plant growth regulators or stimulants, plant protection products, and in some cases binders were also included.

It was established in laboratory conditions that the claimed inlaid compositions for narrow-leafed lupine seeds contributed to an increase in lupine seedlings by 4.5-10.5 mm and the accumulation of their biomass by 4-36 mg, table. 4.

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Table 4. The effect of inlaid compositions on the biometric indicators of seedlings of narrow-leaved lupine (according to laboratory experiments for 2011-2012)

Option The length of seedlings Biomass weight mm +, - to var. one mg +, - to var. one 1. Control without fertilizers (seeds soaked in sterile distilled water) 35.5 0 307 0 2. Protectant KINTO DUO (15-20% by weight of the composition), example 1- basic version 43,4 7.9 340 33 3. Protectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + binder Gisinar or GRP (5%), example 2 42.9 7.4 321 14 4. Chemical disinfectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%), example 3 40,0 4,5 319 12 5. Chemical disinfectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + binder (5%), example 4 41.1 5,6 324 17 6, Protectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant growth stimulator Tubelac (5-10%), example 5 46.0 10.5 343 36 7. Treater KINTO DUO (15-20% by weight of the composition) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant growth stimulator Tubelac (510%) + binder (5%), example 6 41.5 6.0 311 4 8. Chemical disinfectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant protection products Tuberite (5-10%), example 7 40,2 4.7 326 nineteen 9. KINTO DUO etchant (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant protection products Tuberite (5-10%) + binder (5%), example 8 41.3 5.8 342 35 HCP05 2,3 - 11,4 -

In the field experiment with narrow-leaved Pershatsvet, inlaid compositions were tested against the background of the introduction of complex, with B, Mn, Mo at a dose of Ν ₁₅ Ρ ₅₀ Κ ₈₀ .

Accounting for the yield of green mass of lupine indicates that the use of the claimed compounds in the technology of cultivation of narrow-leafed lupine allows increasing productivity by 54-78 kg / ha compared with the control and by 15-24 kg / ha compared with the basic version, table. 5.

Table 5. The effect of inlaid compositions on the productivity of the green mass of the narrow-leaved larch (Perschotsvet) (field experiment data, 2012)

Options The yield of green mass, kg / ha when cleaning +, - to control 1 Control (without treatment of lupine seeds) 541 - 2. Treater KINTO DUO (15-20%), example 1 - basic version 595 54 3, Protectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%), example 3 619 78 4. Chemical disinfectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant growth stimulator Tubelak (5-10%) + binder (5%), example 6 610 69 5. Chemical disinfectant KINTO DUO (15-20%) + complex liquid fertilizers (10%) + plant protection products Tuberite (5-10%) + binder (5%), example 8 614 73 НСРо ₅ 14.6 -

These data indicate the prospects of the proposed inlaid compositions for the treatment of corn seeds and lupine narrow-leaved.

Introduction to the inlaid composition for treating corn and lupine seeds with narrow-leaved dressing, complex liquid fertilizers with chelated forms of microelements, Tubelak plant growth stimulant or Tuberite plant protection products and binders in the claimed amounts allows to increase the seed germination energy (increase the length of seedlings and the accumulation of their biomass), which subsequently affects the increase in the yield of dry matter and grain of corn and green mass of narrow-leaved lupine in comparison with the basic options and otipom.

The proposed inlaid compositions for treating maize seeds and narrow-leaved lupins meet the criteria of novelty, which consists in the combination, proportions and quantitative content of ingredients in the composition and provide a positive effect on the growth and growth of plants and increase their productivity.

The proposed inlaid formulations for treating maize and narrow-leaf lupine seeds meet the criteria of an inventive step, they allow to obtain new formulations that include not only disinfectant, but also liquid complex fertilizers with chelated forms of microelements, and if necessary, plant growth regulator Hydrohumate or plant growth stimulator Tubelak or agent

- 5 023386 plant protection Tuberite, and, if necessary, binders, which generally contributes to the creation of favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants in the early stages of ontogenesis and has a positive effect on increasing the yield of green mass and grain.

The proposed inlaid compositions for treating maize and lupine narrow-leaved seeds meet the criterion of industrial applicability on the basis that the preparation of the proposed compositions is possible at any of the seed dressing stations, as the proposed dressing agents, binders are included in the State Register of Plant Protection Products (Pesticides) and Fertilizers permitted for use on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, and complex liquid fertilizers with chelated forms of microelements are produced at Gomel Chemical Plant OJSC plant, industrial production of plant growth regulator Hydrohumate, plant growth stimulator Tubelak, plant protection products Tuberit is carried out in the republic and these preparations are also approved for use under certain crops.

Literature

1. Privalov F.I. Techniques for improving the quality of winter grain sowing material / F.I. Privalov, G.V. Budevich, I.G. Bruy // Bulletin of BSHN. - 2008.-№ 8. - S. 40 - 45.

2. The state register of plant protection products (pesticides) and fertilizers approved for use on the territory of the Republic of Belarus. - Minsk, 2011 .-- 544 p. - prototype.

3. Practical-methodical manual ’Tiegshad / 1p1egshad δρ.ζ.ο.ο. - 2006.

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. A composition for treating corn and lupine seeds, including a dressing agent and a plant growth regulator of humic nature (hydrohumate or oxyhumate), characterized in that it additionally contains liquid nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer with trace elements, including in chelated form (for corn - B, Ζη and Mo; for lupine - B, Mo), with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Protectant (depending on the protectant) - 10-50; liquid nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer with trace elements in chelated form - 10-20; water is the rest. 2. The composition for treating corn and lupine seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally, if necessary, contains a plant growth stimulator (tubelac) or plant protection product (tuberite), obtained on the basis of starch waste, in an amount of up to 10 wt. .% and / or, if necessary, contains a binder in an amount of up to 5 wt.%, protectant (depending on the protectant) - 10-50; liquid nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer with trace elements in chelated form 10-20; plant growth regulator or stimulator or plant protection product - 0-10; a binder is 0-5; water is the rest.