EA022604B1 - Coating producing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to construction, namely, to coating producing equipment, in particular, from rubber crumb. The coating can be used to make sidewalks, children's playgrounds, sports and other grounds, and as a facing material. The coating producing equipment comprises a silo for mixture, a press, moulds, each having a lower area with a bottom part limiting the loading zone D of said bottom area from below, and a top area providing the possibility of entrance to the loading zone D of the lower area of the mould. The novelty is the mould installation on a rotatable table, the bottom part of each mould being movable vertically inside the lower area that is provided with a heating device. The top area of each mould has a heating device and movement restrictors that limit movement of said top area into the loading zone D of the lower area of the mould. The technical result is provision of a continuous coating producing process using adjustable moulds.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to equipment for the production of coatings, in particular from rubber crumb. The coating can be used for the construction of sidewalks, children's, sports and other playgrounds, as well as in the form of facing material.

State of the art

The equipment for the production of rubber crumb tiles, known from the Internet, was chosen as the closest analogue: 1i1p: // \ y \ y \ u.a1Ga-ro15k.sot / oBogiboua1poa_b1ua_1 / do1ou1sshua_gs. and implemented by Alfa-SPK LLC. Known equipment contains one or more mixers for the preparation of mixtures of rubber crumb and polyurethane binder; hot forming multistory press with mold holding devices; a heating cabinet in which the molds are defended before the final properties are acquired by the manufactured tiles; measuring vessels for mixtures. Each of the molds contains lower and upper sections, while the lower section is box-shaped and is intended to be filled with a mixture. The equipment described above allows the manufacture of single or double layer tiles.

The disadvantages of the above equipment include a relatively low performance, because Mold loading is carried out by measuring vessels. Also, the equipment does not allow for the adjustment of molds for certain tile parameters.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is directed to the development of reliable equipment designed for the production of rubber crumb coatings, while ensuring an efficient and continuous coating process with a minimum of staff.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed equipment is to provide a continuous process for the manufacture of coatings on adjustable molds.

To achieve a technical result, the equipment for coating production comprises a hopper for a mixture, a press, and molds, each of which is equipped with a lower section with a bottom part, which restricts the loading zone Ό of the lower section from below, and the upper section, which can enter the loading zone Ό the lower portion of the mold, and the molds are mounted on a table made for rotation, while the bottom part is made with the possibility of vertical movement inside the lower portion provided on a heating device, and the upper section of each mold is equipped with a heating device and limiters for moving said upper section into the loading zone Ό of the lower section of the mold.

Each mold can be equipped with a rod connected to one end section with the bottom of the lower section, and the opposite end section - with a roller designed to move along a rail, inclined mounted under a table with an increased height of 1 in the direction of the hopper, while on the rod the limiter for its movement up is installed.

The lower section of each mold can be equipped with downward movement stoppers, which are screws or bolts connected by a chain transmission.

The limiters of movement of the upper section of the mold can be installed with the possibility of adjustment in height relative to the plane AA of the location of the lower part of the upper section of the mold, and the said limiters are screws or bolts connected by a chain transmission.

On the table next to each lower portion of the mold can be installed at least two clips that prevent spontaneous lifting up the upper portion of the mold. Each of these latches can be made L-shaped with a rotatable upper section.

The hopper is mounted above the table and the mold, designed to load the mixture.

The set of features of the claimed invention is in a causal relationship with the achieved technical result and is presented in an independent claim.

A brief description of the explanatory drawings

FIG. 1 - schematically shows the proposed equipment for the production of coatings; FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. one;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the open lower portion of the mold;

FIG. 4 - schematically shows the process of filling the lower portion of the mold;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a mold with a fixed upper portion;

FIG. 6 is a view C in FIG. 5 with a local section;

FIG. 7- schematically shows the latch.

The drawings show:

- table;

- base;

- Press form;

- press;

- hopper;

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5a - the right side of the hopper;

5b - the left side of the hopper;

- elements;

- lower section of the mold;

a - the lower part;

7b - bottom part;

7c - side walls;

- the upper section of the mold;

8a - the lower part of the upper section;

8b - sidewalls of the upper section;

- casing;

- heating device;

- limiters;

- chain transmission;

- stock;

- movie;

- rail;

- limiter;

- spring;

- mechanism;

18a - rotary lever;

- longitudinal elements;

- grip handle;

- limiters;

- chain transmission;

- protrusions;

- the upper end of the side walls;

- supports;

- rollers of supports;

- clamps;

27a - the upper portion of the latch;

- vibrator;

- thermal insulation material;

B is the axis of the bearing.

It should be understood that those skilled in the art will be able to propose other embodiments of the invention and that some of its details can be changed in various other aspects without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, explanatory drawings and a detailed description of equipment for the production of coatings are illustrative, but not restrictive.

The best embodiment of the invention

Equipment (see Fig. 1, 2) for the production of coatings, in particular tiles made of crumb rubber, contains a table 1 made with the possibility of rotation and revolution about the axis b; base 2; molds 3 for the manufacture of the aforementioned coating; press 4 for compaction of the mixture or mixtures of which respectively a single-layer, or two-layer, or other multilayer coating is made; hopper 5 for mixture / mixtures.

Turning the table 1 means turning it through an angle of 360 °.

Table 1 is connected to the base 2 by means of radially arranged elements 6, which are beams. Elements 6 can be made in the cross section of a rectangular or I-shaped, or U-shaped, or other shape, while they must be strong and reliable. In a specific embodiment, each of the elements 6 is made in a cross section of an I-shaped.

The base 2 contains a cylindrical section, inside which a bearing is mounted, with which the elements 6 and, accordingly, the table 1 rotate about the bearing axis b in one direction, in particular direction B (see Fig. 2).

Due to the fact that all molds 3 have the same design, the construction of one of the molds 3 in which the coating is made will be described below.

The mold 3 contains the lower 7 and upper 8 sections, while the upper section 8 is configured to lift (tilt) up above said lower section 7.

The hopper 5 for the mixture is installed above the table 1 and above the lower portion 7 of the mold 3. Moreover, the hopper 5 is connected to a vibrator 28, which allows efficiently unloading the mixture / mixtures from the hopper 5 directly into the lower portion 7 of the mold 3. In a specific embodiment the vibrator 28 is mounted on the hopper 5.

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The lower section 7 (see Figs. 3, 4) is box-shaped and is formed by the lower part 7a, the bottom part 7b, side walls 7c located around the perimeter of the said bottom part 7b. Moreover, the said bottom part 7b is located between the side walls 7c with the possibility of vertical movement (in the direction)) in the lower section 7 of the mold 3, and the lower part 7a is made stationary and extends beyond the side walls 7c. The aforementioned bottom part 7b restricts from below the loading zone Ό1 of the lower portion 7 with the mixture for the upper layer and, accordingly, the common loading zone Ό with mixtures for the upper and lower coating layers.

The lower section 7 of the mold 3 is installed in a metal casing 9, covering the side walls 7c with a gap Ζ. Said casing 9 is fixedly connected to the lower part 7a, wherein said connection can be made one-piece, for example, by means of a welding connection, or detachable, for example, by means of fasteners, in particular bolts or screws.

The lower section 7 of the mold 3 is equipped with heating devices 10, one of which is located in the gap Ζ between the casing 9 and the side walls 7c, and the second is installed in the bottom 7b. In the aforementioned gap Ζ, an insulating material 29, for example mineral wool, can be installed to reduce the heat loss of the mold 3. In a specific embodiment, each heating device 10 is a heating element.

To control the volume of filling of the зоны loading zone of the lower section 7 with a mixture (for a single layer coating) or with mixtures for the upper and lower layers (for a two-layer coating) in the fixed lower part 7a, stoppers 11 for moving down the bottom part 7b are installed. The volume of filling of the зоны loading zone of the lower section 7 can affect the thickness of the produced coating, namely, the more mixtures / mixtures are loaded, the thicker the manufactured coating can be, and vice versa.

The stops 11 are connected to each other by a chain gear 12 located on the outside of the lower section 7, which allows you to simultaneously adjust the position of all four stops 11 when at least one of them rotates. The stops 11 may be made in the form of bolts, or screws, or other devices. In a specific embodiment, screws are used as limiters 11. This design provides simultaneous and uniform movement up or down of all the stops 11, limiting the downward movement of the bottom part 7b with the mixture / mixtures for the upper and lower layers of the coating.

To regulate the volume of filling of the loading zone Ό1 of the lower section 7 with the mixture for the upper coating layer, the bottom part 7b of the bottom section 7 is connected to the rod 13, which is connected to the bottom part 7b by one end section and connected to the roller 14 intended for movement along the rail 15. The aforementioned rod 13 is installed in the hole of the lower part 7a and is equipped with a limiter 16 movement, designed to abut the outer surface of the lower part 7a, thereby limiting the movement of the aforementioned the plunger 13 and the bottom portion 7b upwards (toward §). In a specific embodiment, the aforementioned limiter 16 is made in the form of a set of washers fixed on the rod 13.

The limiter 16 can be installed on the rod 13 at different heights from the bottom 7b, which allows you to change the height I1 of the load and, accordingly, the filling volume of the lower section 7 with the mixture for the upper coating layer (see Fig. 4, position I). This adjustment allows you to produce on the same mold 3 coating with different thicknesses of the upper layer.

The above-described rod 13 can serve as an ejector of the manufactured coating from the lower portion 7 of the mold 3.

The rail 15 is mounted on the springs 17 under the table 1 and, accordingly, under the mold 3, intended to be filled with the mixture / mixtures. The mentioned rail 15 is installed at an angle to the plane XX of the location of the base 2 of table 1, while the height And the rise of the rail 15 is increased in the direction of the hopper 5, and the section of the rail 15, as close as possible to the hopper 5, is horizontal. In front of the mixture discharge zone for the lower coating layer, i.e. in front of the left side 5b of the hopper 5, said rail 15 is interrupted and during the rotation of the table 1 and the movement of the mold 3, the rod 13 with the bottom part 7b and the mixture for the upper coating layer falls down and abuts against the stops 11, which prevent the bottom part 7b from moving downward, loaded mixture for the upper layer, and subsequently the mixture for the lower coating layer (see Fig. 4, position II).

The lower sections 7 of the mold 3 together with the casings 9 are placed in the table 1 at a distance from each other between the adjacent installed elements 6. Moreover, each of the mentioned lower sections 7 is fixedly connected to the elements 6, between which it is located.

The upper section 8 is connected to the lower section 7 by means of a mechanism 18 provided with a spring-loaded pivoting lever 18a for opening the mold 3, namely, the raising (folding) of the upper section 8 (see Fig. 5).

The upper section 8 of the mold 3 is box-shaped and provided with longitudinal elements 19 located above and outside, connected to each other by a gripping handle 20 for lifting (folding) the upper section 8. The longitudinal elements 19 are sections that absorb the load of the press 4, which is distributed over the entire area of the upper section 8 for compaction of the loaded mixture / mixtures.

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A heating device 10 is installed inside the upper portion 8 and a heat-insulating material can be placed to reduce heat loss (see Fig. 6). The heating device 10 heats the lower portion 8a of the upper portion 8 and, accordingly, the mixture located in the mold 3, which speeds up the coating process.

To control the density and / or thickness of the produced coating, said upper portion 8 is provided with limiters 21 for its movement. The said stops 21 are made with the possibility of adjustment in height relative to the plane FJ of the location of the lower part 8a of the upper section 8 and with the possibility of abutment against the upper end 24 of the side walls 7c of the lower section 7 of the mold 3, which restricts the entry of the upper section 8 into the loading zone Ό of the lower section 7 and accordingly limits the pressure of the press 4 on the mixture during the pressing process.

The stops 21 are mounted on the outer side of the upper section 8 and are interconnected by a chain gear 22. This design provides simultaneous and uniform movement up or down of all the stops 21 when adjusting at least one of them. The stops 21 can be made in the form of bolts, or screws, or other devices. In a specific embodiment, screws used in the holes of the local protrusions 23 formed on the sidewalls 8 of the upper portion 8 and as close as possible to its corners are used as stops 21. And as the protrusions 23, nuts are used, connected by welding to the sides 8 of the upper section 8.

Under the table 1, supports 25 are installed with rollers 26, contributing to the rotation of the table 1. Mentioned supports 25 also prevent the local distortions of the table 1, which can be caused by the relatively large size of the table 1 and the loads that are transferred to the table 1 during the pressing of the mixture / mixtures into the press form 3.

On the table 2, at least two latches 27 are installed next to each lower section 7, preventing the spontaneous opening of the mold 3, i.e. lifting up (folding), the upper section 8 in the manufacturing process of the coating. Each of the latches 27 is made in the form of a G-shaped element with a rotatable upper section 27a (see Fig. 7). An advantageous option is the presence of two opposite pairs of latches 27 located on opposite sides of the lower section 7 of the mold 3. This design allows you to reliably fix at four points the horizontal position of the upper section 8 of the mold 3 during the manufacture of the coating, which improves the quality of the latter.

The following describes the operation of the equipment in the manufacture of a two-layer coating.

Pre-prepare the mixture for the lower and upper layers of the coating. Mixtures include crumb rubber filler and a polyurethane-based binder. Pigment dye or colored chips may be added to the mixture for the topcoat.

Simultaneously with the process of preparing mixtures, the inner surface of the lower portion 7 and the lower part 8a of the upper portion 8 are lubricated with a non-stick composition, this avoids the adhesion of the mixtures to the mold 3 and facilitates the removal of the manufactured coating from the lower portion 7 of the mold 3.

The prepared mixture is loaded into the hopper 5, in particular, the mixture for the upper coating layer is loaded into the right side 5a of the hopper 5, and the mixture for the lower coating layer is loaded into the left side 5b of the hopper 5. Before the coating is made, the upper 8 and lower 7 sections of the mold 3 are heated using heating devices 10 to a temperature ranging from 100 to 160 ° C.

It should be noted that the process of heating the molds 3 and the mixtures loaded into them is carried out continuously throughout the entire process of manufacturing the coating. This allows you to make a coating for one revolution of the table 1.

Throughout the manufacture of the coating, the heating temperature of the molds 3 and the rotation speed of the table 1 can be adjusted by the operator. For example, the heating temperature of the molds 3 does not change throughout the entire period of time the coating is made: in this case, if you want to make a relatively thick coating in one revolution of table 1, then the rotation speed of table 1 is reduced, thus the heating time of the mixture increases; if you want to make a relatively thin coating in one revolution of the table 1, then the rotation speed of the table 1 increases, thus reducing the heating time of the mixture.

The situation of manufacturing coatings of different thickness and / or density on different molds 3 for one revolution of table 1 is not ruled out. In this case, the heating temperature and the parameters of each mold 3 are controlled by the operator; namely, the bottom part 7b rises up to a level corresponding to the mixture loading height H1 for the upper coating layer, then a limiter 16 is installed on the rod 13; the position of the downward movement stops 11 of said bottom part 7b is adjusted; in the upper section 8, the position of the limiters 21 is regulated, while the set distance N between the extreme lower point O of the limiter 21 and the Zh-Zh plane of the lower part 8a of the upper section 8 during pressing (compaction) of the loaded mixtures will correspond to the height of the entrance of the upper section 8 into the zone Ό loading the lower section 7. For example, to increase the density of the coating, you need to increase the distance Ν, and vice versa.

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In the process of rotation of the table 1 as you approach the hopper 5, the roller 14 enters the rail 15 and the rod 13 rises. Near the hopper 5, the inclined section of the rail 15 goes into the horizontal section and the lower section 7 of the mold 3 goes under the right side 5a of the hopper 5 under the hole for unloading the mixture for the upper coating layer, while the limiter 16 abuts against the outer surface of the lower part 7a, and the bottom part 7b is raised up. In this position, the lower portion 7 is loaded with the mixture for the upper coating layer (see Fig. 4, position I).

Further, during the rotation of the table 1 in the direction B, the lower part 7 of the mold 3 filled with the mixture for the upper coating layer moves to the left side 5b of the hopper 5. In front of the left part 5b, the rail 15 is interrupted and the bottom part 7b with the mixture for the upper layer goes down until it hits the stops 11. Next, the mixture is unloaded for the lower coating layer from the left side 5b of the hopper 5 to the lower section 7 (see FIG. 4, position II). Unloading is carried out until the loading area зоны is completely filled.

After that, during the rotation of the table 1 in the direction B, the loaded lower portion 7b leaves the beneath the left side 5b of the hopper 5, is closed by the upper portion 8 of the mold 3 and moves under the press 4, which exerts pressure on the upper portion 8. In a specific example The press 4 exerts pressure on the longitudinal elements 19 of the upper section 8. After the stops 21 of the upper section 8 abut against the upper end 24 of the side walls 7c of the lower section 7, the compaction of the mixtures in the mold 3 stops.

Further, the position of the upper section 8 of the mold 3 is fixed using latches 27, the upper sections 27a of which overlap the longitudinal elements 19 from above, thereby preventing the spontaneous lifting (folding) of the upper section 8 during the period of manufacture of the coating.

After that, during the rotation of the table 1 in the direction B by an angle exceeding 200 °, the mold 3 loaded with mixtures, constantly heated by the heating elements 10, moves towards the hopper 5, in front of which the upper section 8 is released from the latches 27 and rises up ( leans back). When the roller 14 enters the rail 15, the rod 13 begins to rise up together with the bottom part 7b and the made coating. Attendants retrieve the finished coating and move it to the warehouse. And the lower section 7 freed from the manufactured coating, together with the table 1 rotating in the direction B, moves to the right side 5a of the hopper 5 for further filling with the mixture for the upper coating layer and the entire coating production cycle is repeated again for one press of table 1 installed on each table 1 forms 3.

Thus, for one revolution of the table 1, a full cycle of manufacturing the coating is carried out, while the rod 13 at the end of the mentioned cycle performs the function of an ejector of the manufactured coating.

Industrial applicability

The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to equipment for the production of coatings, in particular from crumb rubber, which can be used for the construction of sidewalks, children's, sports and other playgrounds, as well as in the form of facing material.

The above equipment provides a continuous process of coating production on adjustable molds 3, high productivity with a minimum number of service personnel, namely two people: one of which, located in front of the hopper 5, controls the rotation of table 1, also opens the upper section 8 and unloads from the lower section 7 fabricated coating; the second person, located between the hopper 5 and the press 4, closes the upper section 8 loaded with mixtures with the upper section 8 and fixes the position of said upper section 8 with latches 27. The ability to adjust the equipment, namely the loading zone Ό of the lower section 7, the position of the limiters 21 of the upper section 8, the heating temperature of the mold 3, allows you to make a coating of different thickness and / or density. Moreover, the aforementioned coating can be made in one revolution of the table 1.

Claims (7)

CLAIM 1. Equipment for the production of coatings containing a hopper for the mixture, a press, molds, each of which is equipped with a lower section with a bottom part, which restricts the loading zone Ό of the lower section from below, and the upper section, which can enter the lower loading zone Ό section of the mold, characterized in that it contains a table made for rotation, while the molds are mounted on the table, the hopper for the mixture is installed above the table and above the lower portion of the mold, the bottom part is made with the possibility w vertical movement within the lower portion provided with a heating device, and the upper portion of each mold is provided with heating means and stops movement of said upper portion in the loading zone Ό lower portion of the mold. 2. Equipment for the production of coating according to claim 1, characterized in that each mold is equipped with a rod connected by one end section to the bottom of the lower section, and the opposite end section - with a roller designed to move along a rail inclined under the table with a height b increasing in the direction of the hopper, when - 5 022604 a limiter for its upward movement is installed on the rod. 3. Equipment for the production of coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower section of each mold is equipped with limiters for moving down the bottom. 4. Equipment for the production of coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the limiters of movement of the upper portion of the mold are mounted with height adjustment relative to the plane of the lower part of the upper portion of the mold. 5. Equipment for the production of coating according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two locks are installed on the table next to each lower portion of the mold, preventing the spontaneous lifting of the upper portion of the mold. 6. Equipment for the production of coatings according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the limiters are screws or bolts connected by a chain transmission. 7. Equipment for the production of rubber crumb coating according to claim 5, characterized in that each of the latches is made of a L-shaped with a rotatable upper section.