EA015018B1 - Mixture of minerals and fluxes for obtaining metallurgical coke (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns chemical production of coke, in particular compositions for preparing metallurgical coke. Mixture for obtaining metallurgical coke with an optimal ratio of components from all-in-one coals of different types, which contain: 25-65% in mass of fat or gaseous-fat coals and 35-75% in mass of lean coke coals; 25-40% in mass of fat coals, 35-60% in mass of low-agglomerating coke coals and 5-35% in mass of lean coke coals; 30-55% in mass of gaseous-fat coals, 30-60% in mass of low-agglomerating coke coals and 5-20% in mass of lean coke coals; 35-40% in mass of fat coals, 5-15% in mass of gaseous-fat coals and 50-55% in mass of low-agglomerating coke coals; 10-30% in mass of fat coals, 20-30% in mass of gaseous-fat coals, 20-60% in mass of low-agglomerating coke coals and 5-25% in mass of lean coke coals.

Description

The invention relates to coke production, in particular to compositions for the manufacture of metallurgical coke.

Coking coals are characterized by high sintering ability, characterized by an index of free expansion - Ρ8Ι, and a low yield of volatile substances or a high reflectivity of vitrinite - I ₀ , which determine a high yield of coke. Initially, such coals were coke grades - K and fatty coke - KZh. However, at present, in connection with the depletion of coking coal grades of grades K and KZh, it became necessary to use mixtures of ordinary coals of various grades.

Various compositions of charge mixtures from coals of various grades for producing coke are known. Most often, to improve the sintering ability of the mixtures, various additives are used in them, such as coal sands, oil tar and sands, crushed rubber and other additives.

So, according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2124548, СВВ 57/04, publ. 01/10/1999, petrocoke fines, prepared according to a special technology, are added to a coal mixture with a reduced amount of well-sintering component.

In the charge used in the method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2135543, СВВ 53/08, СВВ 57/08. publ. 08/27/1999, containing coals of grades: gas, fatty, lean sintering and low-ash, slightly sintering coals, an additive of phthalopec-containing waste of coke production was used.

According to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2186823, С10В 57/06, СВВ 53/08, publ. 08/10/2002, in a mixture containing coals of various grades: gas-fatty and fatty, coke, lean weakly sintering and low-coking coke, an additive is added from the waste of coke production, deposited on the rubber crumb of waste rubber products.

However, the use of additives requires special preparation, and also complicates the technology of preparation of charge mixtures. In addition, it is known that pecks are currently fully used in the electrode industry, and are scarce and expensive. Petroleum products are also expensive raw materials. The use of rubber introduces an additional amount of sulfur, the content of which in coke is limited.

The mixture closest to the mixture proposed by composition of coals is a mixture for producing metallurgical coke (RF patent No. 2224782, IPC СВВ 57/04, publ. 02.27.2004), containing, wt.%: Coals of grades 20-30; gas-fatty coals - 15-20; slightly coking coke - 20-40; thin-caked, as well as including a sintering additive, made from a pitch-like product obtained by special technology from coal with an additive that is mixed with plastic waste.

The main disadvantage of the mixture of this composition is the need to use sintering additives, complicating the manufacturing technology and increasing the cost of obtaining the mixture.

The objective of the invention is to obtain the composition of the mixture with the optimal ratio of components from ordinary coals of various grades for the production of high-quality coke without the use of additives that complicate and costly the technology of preparation of the charge, as well as the expansion of the raw material base for the production of the charge.

The problem is solved by the fact that the following options for the composition of the charge:

charge for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty (G) or gas-fatty (GF) and coke low-sintering (KS) coals, in which coals are introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%: fatty or gas-fatty coals - from more than 25 to 65, low coking coals from 35 to less than 75;

charge for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty and coke low-sintering coals, which additionally contains coke lean coals in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

fat coals 25 - 40 coke low-caking coals 35 - 60 coke lean coals 5 - 35;

charge for producing metallurgical coke containing gas-fatty and coke low-sintering coals, which additionally contains coke lean coals in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

gas-fat coals 30-55 coke low-sintering coals 30-60 coke lean coals 5-20;

charge for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty, gas-fatty and low-coking coking coals, in which coals are introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

- 1 015018 fatty coals 35-40 gas-fatty coals 5-15 coke low-caking coals 50 - 55;

charge for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty, gas-fatty and coke low-caking coals, which additionally contains coke lean coals in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

fat coals 10-30 gas-fat coals 20-30 coke low-caking coals 20-60 coke lean coals 5-25.

In the experimental selection of the composition of the charge with the optimal ratio of the components, the property of coals of various grades was used to strengthen the sintering properties of each other by finding the optimal ratio of free expansion index Ρ8Ι and reflectance of vitrinite - K ₀ , required for the production of high-quality coke. Mixtures of coals of various grades having an index of Ρ8Ι 5-7 and a value of K ₀ 1.15-1.25%, corresponding to the characteristics of coke and coke fat coals, have satisfactory qualities for producing coke.

The quantitative ratios of the components in the mixture variants are selected so that they satisfy the above conditions (see table). To ensure greater freedom of choice in the preparation of mixtures, the approach of compensating the properties of one component by replacing it with two other components in combination was used.

With a two-component mixture G and KS, the best sintering behavior is obtained, but the cost of the mixture increases and the maximum value of K ^ is hardly reached.

A mixture of two coals GZ and KS has a lower cost, but worse sintering ability and a lower value of K ₀ .

A mixture of the three components GJ, KS and KO has a greater value K). But its sintering ability is low, which narrows the use of the resulting coke.

A mixture of the other three components W, KS and KO has good sintering ability, has a greater value of K ₀ . But it is more expensive than the previous mixture.

A mixture of four components GZH, Zh, KS and KO allows to obtain a sufficiently high sinterability and K ₀ values, changing the ratio of components. But at the same time, the process of preparing the mixture is somewhat complicated.

At the same time, the preparation of all types of mixtures described above does not require additional technological operations at coke plants, unlike other methods of preparation and composition of mixtures. Therefore, the given compositions of coking mixtures allow one to obtain high-quality coke and significantly expand the raw material base for producing a charge.

An example of the preparation of the charge mixture

The coking mix is prepared from ordinary grade Zh coal mined at the Chertinskaya mine; Coke and ordinary grade KO coal mined at the Novobachatsky open pit. Ordinary coals from ordinary coal silos at the Belovskaya Central Processing Plant are dosed to the assembly line layer by layer in the proportion of 40% of grade Zh coal and 60% of grade KO. The two-layer mixture obtained on the conveyor is fed to primary crushing to a fineness of less than 200 mm and then to hydroclassification, where the class is separated by a fineness of less than 0.5 mm and transferred to flotation. The class size of 13-200 mm is fed to enrichment in heavy-medium separators. A class of 0.5-13 mm is fed to enrichment on jigging machines. Concentrates from jigging machines and flotation are fed together for drying. After drying, the concentrate is mixed on a collection conveyor with concentrate from heavy-medium separators that have been dehydrated on vibrating screens. The mixture of concentrates has a ratio of grades Zh and KO equal to 30:70, taking into account the degree of enrichment of each brand. The finished mixture has a vitrinite reflectance of 1.20%, a free expansion index of 6, and a plastic layer thickness of 17 mm, which makes it suitable for coking both independently and in a mixture with other coals.

Other examples of the preparation of the mixture, performed in a similar way, with quantitative values of the components for the options shown in the table.

Claims (5)

CLAIM 1. The mixture for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty or gas-fatty and low-coking coking coals, characterized in that the coals are introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Fatty or gas-fatty coals - from more than 25 to 65; low coking coals from 35 to less than 75. 2. The mixture for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty and coke low-sintering coals, characterized in that it additionally contains coke lean coals in the following ratio of components, wt.%: fat coals 25 - 40 coke low-caking coals 35 - 60 coke lean coals 5-35 3. The mixture for producing metallurgical coke containing gas-fatty and low-coking coke coals, characterized in that it additionally contains coke lean coals in the following ratio of components, wt.%: gas-fat coals 30-55 coke low-sintering coals 30-60 coke lean coals 5-20 4. The mixture for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty, gas-fatty and low-coking coke coals, characterized in that the coals are introduced in the following ratio of components, wt.%: fatty coals 35-40 gas-fatty coals 5-15 coke low-sintering coals 50 - 55 5. The mixture for producing metallurgical coke containing fatty, gas-fatty and coke - 3 015018 low-caking coals, characterized in that it additionally contains coke lean coals in the following ratio of components, wt.%: fat coals 10-30 gas-fat coals 20-30 coke low-caking coals 20-60 coke lean coals 5-25. 4 ^^ Eurasian Patent Organization, EAPO Russia, 109012, Moscow, Maly Cherkassky per., 2