EA009961B1 - Residential building of a secondary development - Google Patents

Abstract

The inventive residential building of a secondary development comprises the elder part of a multistory building, an integrated part, a common reinforced concrete floor and a multistory raised part. A basement for the integrated and raised parts is embodied in the form of at least two rows of pillars which are remotely arranged along the external carrying walls of the elder part of the building. Twin columns are raised on the pillars at the entire height of the building, wherein the edge column is raised at the entire height of the building and the other column along the perimeter of elder part at the height thereof. A common reinforced concrete floor is mounted on the columns above the elder building roof, the floors of each storey of the raised part and floors of the additional integrated surface areas form an independent carrying framework for the integrated and raised part of the building. The floors are provided with sash bracings and interstorey shear stiffnesses, for example in the form a pretensioned cable reinforcement arranged in diagonal and orthogonal directions in each cell of the bearing framework in such a way that a three-dimensional stiffness is formed. The structural design of the framework makes it possible to carry out construction works without evacuating inhabitants of the elder building, to provide comfort conditions for them, to increase the building carrying capacity and to minimise the accident risk of erection operations and of the use of the building.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the construction, namely, the reconstruction of residential buildings, with the superstructure and extension of residential floors, floors of administrative and public buildings, parking lots.

State of the art

The construction of secondary buildings is known, consisting of the old part and the superstructure of the building in height and width while maintaining the internal structure of the old building. The reconstructed building contains an old reinforced foundation and / or additional for the attached parts, which allows a superstructure of no more than 2-3 floors / 1 /.

The closest design to the proposed one is a secondary building, including the old part, consisting of a five-story building containing a strip foundation, bearing and non-bearing walls, floors, residential and auxiliary premises, staircases, an attached part consisting of a foundation, supporting pylon elements erected to the entire height of the residential building, located along the wall of the old part of the building, on the opposite side of the pylons, common to the attached and old parts of the building of reinforced concrete erekrytiya mounted at the old coating of the building, and overbuilt parts throughout the common overlapping area with the outer and inner walls, beams, while the attached part of the building is provided with lestnichnoliftovymi nodes to service all homes / 2 /.

The disadvantages of the known design solutions are the bulkiness of the structure due to the need to use beam structures, the need to strengthen the foundation and build an additional one, ensuring its joint work with the foundation of the old building, as well as the well-known option with the construction of pylons provides for the obligatory resettlement of residents for the period of reconstruction of the house, since involves the expansion and conversion of old residential and auxiliary premises, staircase elevators and other premises.

Disclosure of invention

The technical task is to simplify the structure while increasing its reliability and increasing the building density of existing residential quarters in the central regions of large cities without resettling residents from the premises of the old part of the building, observing the safety procedures and comfort conditions of residents in the old part of the building and minimizing the degree of accident during construction -installation work.

The problem is solved in such a way that in a secondary building, including the old part, consisting of a multi-storey building containing a foundation, load-bearing elements and curtain walls, floors, residential and auxiliary premises, staircases, an annexed part consisting of a foundation, supporting elements located along the outer walls of the old part of the building, attached additional areas and staircase elevators, the general reinforced concrete ceiling mounted over the coating of the old part of the building, and The upper part of several floors, according to the invention, the foundation of the attached and superstructure parts of the house is made in the form of at least two rows of piles located around the perimeter of the old part at a calculated distance from the walls and at a distance of one span between the rows, the supporting elements are erected on separate piles in in the form of paired columns, the last of which is made to the entire height of the building, the other, along the perimeter of the old part, to the height of the old part of the building, the general overlap, overlap of each floor of the built-in part and the extension additional areas are made with horizontal stiffness bonds and stiffness bonds from interfloor displacements and mounted on paired columns with the construction of an autonomous load-bearing frame without transferring load to the old part of the building, while the overlap of the superstructure is mounted with support on the extreme columns, and the general overlap and overlaps of the attached additional areas are mounted on paired columns with the formation of spatial rigidity. At the same time, the foundation of the attached and superstructure part can be made in the form of injection piles. Paired columns of an autonomous frame are mounted on piles by means of an elastic connection. Paired columns are mounted on piles with the possibility of forming open supporting frame elements for an additional superstructure. The general overlap and overlap of superstructure floors and additional areas of the attached part are made with stiffness bonds in the form of prestressed cable fittings located in the diagonal and / or orthogonal directions, anchored on the columns. General overlap, overlappings of superstructure floors and additional areas of the attached part are made monolithic with stiffness bonds in the form of reinforcing mesh frames located in each cell of an autonomous framework in diagonal and orthogonal directions, tightened along the chord along the lower belt with cable-stayed reinforcement anchored on columns. The general overlap, overlappings of superstructure floors and additional areas of the attached part are made monolithic with stiffness bonds in the form of a prefabricated metal frame. The general overlap can be performed precast-monolithic with prestressed cable-stayed fittings located in diagonal and orthogonal directions, anchored on the columns. In this case, the general overlap is made with monolithic crossbars connected to the columns with prestressed cable fittings and filling between the crossbars from monolithic concrete. The general overlap is made with monolithic crossbars connected to columns and

- 1 009961 prefabricated reinforced concrete beams in diagonal and orthogonal directions with prestressed cable-stayed reinforcement and filling between beams made of lightweight monolithic concrete or proportional lightweight concrete blocks. Overlappings of additional areas built on the floors of the old part of the house are prefabricated monolithic with prestressed cable fittings located in diagonal and orthogonal directions. In addition, load-bearing elements and floors of the old part of the building are reinforced with cable-stayed fittings in diagonal and orthogonal directions, anchored on columns around the perimeter of the old part of the building. The old part of the building is reinforced with cable-stayed fittings located on the surface of load-bearing walls or crossbars in diagonal and orthogonal directions and anchored on columns. The old part of the building is reinforced with cable-stayed fittings located on the bottom surface of the floor in diagonal directions and orthogonally to the bearing walls or crossbars and anchored on the columns. The supporting structures of the autonomous frame are made of reinforced concrete or metal with a fire retardant coating.

The proposed construction of a residential building differs from the known one in that the foundation of the attached and superstructure parts of the house is made in the form of at least two rows of piles located along the perimeter of the old part at a calculated distance from the walls and at a distance of one span between the rows, supporting elements are erected on separate piles in the form of paired columns, the last of which is made to the entire height of the building, the other, along the perimeter of the old part, to the height of the old part of the building, the general overlap, the overlap of each floor of the built-in part and the cross The holes of the attached additional areas are made with horizontal stiffness bonds and stiffness bonds from interfloor displacements and mounted on paired columns with the erection of an autonomous load-bearing frame without transferring the load to the old part of the building, while the overlap of the superstructure is mounted based on the extreme columns, and the general overlap and overlap attached additional areas are mounted on paired columns with the formation of spatial rigidity.

The proposed design due to the formation of a deep-seated independent foundation of an autonomous load-bearing frame of the superstructure and annexed parts of the house eliminates the load on the elements of the old part of the building and increases the reliability and load-bearing capacity of the entire structure, due to the presence of horizontal ties and stiffness ties from interfloor displacements at the level of floors made in the form of prestressed cable-stayed fittings anchored on columns, or a prefabricated metal frame. In addition, installation work is simplified by reducing the amount of work to strengthen the existing foundation, load-bearing walls. The implementation of the general overlap of the prefabricated-monolithic or monolithic proposed construction will provide the possibility of installation work on the coating of the old part of the building without preliminary dismantling, which will increase the safety and comfort of residents at the time of construction work on the reconstruction of the house. The design of the general overlap with the connecting elements in the form of prestressed cable-stayed fittings in orthogonal and diagonal directions and the construction of paired columns of different sizes gives additional rigidity to the supporting frame of the superstructure of the building and reduces the volume of reinforcement and formwork. In this case, after the erection of the building part of the building on an autonomous frame, the residents of the old part of the house can be relocated to comfortable apartments of the built-in part, and the old part of the building can be reinforced with prestressed cable fittings, restore bearing capacity and extend the life of the unit. To ensure the safety of operation of the building, it is advisable to cover the columns, floors and load-bearing walls with a fireproof coating, for example fireclay brick. When performing the construction of the proposed building in seismic regions, the columns of the autonomous frame are mounted by means of elastic coupling, which eliminates critical bending moments in vertical load-bearing structures. Reinforcing the old part of the building by compressing the ceilings and wall panels with cable-stayed fittings into a coupled hinged-elastic column-panel-column system in orthogonal and diagonal directions works especially well under dynamic loads. When tensioning an additionally skipped cable stayed on reinforced concrete or metal columns of cable-stayed reinforcement, additional spatial stability of the entire newly created frame is created. The initial working and design diagram of the deformed spatial structure of an existing building is recreated, at the same time, the ultimate deformations (stretched zones of the elements) developed during operation are eliminated and the ultimate stress values that arise in the supporting structures during operation are reduced or neutralized. The restoration and strengthening of the bearing capacity and spatial stability of the wall panels of multi-storey buildings is rational to produce in diagonal directions, and from different sides of the bearing reinforced concrete wall.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a section of a residential building of secondary development;

FIG. 2 is the same as in FIG. 1, plan of the 2nd floor;

FIG. 3 - precast-monolithic overlap;

FIG. 4-1-1 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 - fragment reinforcement of the bearing walls;

- 2 009961 Fig. 6 - fragment reinforcement overlap;

FIG. 7 - rigid carrier cell monolithic overlap;

FIG. 8 - fragment of reinforcing the bearing part of the floor;

FIG. 9 - connection stiffness of the overall overlap;

FIG. 10 - node I of FIG. one.

The residential building consists of the old part of the panel building 1, the attached part 2 and the superstructure part 3. The old part of the building 1 contains the foundation 4, load-bearing elements 5 and curtain walls 6, floors 7, residential 8 and auxiliary rooms 9, staircases 10. The attached part 2 consists of piles 11, paired columns 12, a general reinforced concrete floor 13 mounted above the coating of the old part of building 1, and floors 14 of attached additional areas. The superstructure part 3 over the entire area of the general overlap 13 consists of several floors. Overlapping 15 of each floor of the superstructure part 3 is mounted on the extreme columns 12, erected to the entire height of the apartment building with the formation of the supporting frame 16 of the attached and superstructure parts 2 and 3 of the house mounted on paired columns. Overlappings 13, 14 and 15 are made with horizontal stiffness bonds and stiffness bonds from interfloor displacements 17 in the form of prestressed cable stay 18, prefabricated metal frame 19 or reinforcing mesh frames 20, tightened along the chord by cable fittings 18.

Embodiments of the invention

The ceilings 13, 14 and 15 are made monolithic with prestressed cable-stayed fittings 18, located in diagonal and orthogonal directions with the creation of stiffness disks at the level of the floors, in each cell 30 of the autonomous supporting frame 16. Elevator nodes 21 and stairs are attached to the front side of the apartment building and elevator assemblies 22. On the first and last floors, dwellings 8 are placed with a through corridor connecting the staircase and elevator assemblies 22. In the old part of the building, additional solid residential or non-residential squares and loggias 14. Overlaps of additionally attached squares and loggias 14 are made monolithic with stiffeners 17 in the form of a prefabricated metal frame 19 or prefabricated monolithic with orthogonal pre-stressed cable-stayed fittings 18. The old part of the building is reinforced with a prestressed cable-stayed cable reinforcement 18, fixed on the columns 12 with anchors 31. The supporting structures of the autonomous frame 16, the columns 12 and the general overlap 13 are made with a fireproof coating 32, n for example, fireclay brick 21. Column 12 is supported on a pile 11 by means of an elastic cushion 24 and has articulated connections 25. The columns are made of metal or reinforced concrete.

The general overlap can be made precast-monolithic from monolithic crossbars 26, precast prestressed beams 27 connected to columns 12 by cable-stayed fittings 18. The gaps between the beams are filled with light concrete or light-concrete blocks 28.

If the secondary development is carried out in seismic-quiet areas and the issue of cost is relevant, then the diagonal and orthogonal connections 17 are made by insulated cable-stayed ropes 18, which connect the columns 12 in the transverse and longitudinal axes and are located in the forming concrete layer in each cell 30 of the supporting autonomous framework 15. If secondary development is carried out in seismic areas or the question of the cost of work is not relevant, then the diagonal connections 17 are made of prefabricated metal frames 19, in each cell 30 of the supporting autonomous frame 16, which connect the columns 12 in the transverse and longitudinal axes and hide in a monolithic reinforced concrete floor 29, which is reinforced by the usual method.

The task of creating spatial stiffness, eliminating interfloor displacements, is solved by the device of orthogonal and diagonal connections 17 in each cell 30, of an autonomous frame 16, according to the rule of rigid geometrically unchanged triangles: reinforcing mesh frames 20 laid in a forming concrete layer along the contour of a vaulted arch with tightening by cable fittings , or prefabricated structures 19 of factory manufacture, which connect the columns 12 in the longitudinal and transverse axes and hide in the interroom partitions, the general per Covering 13 and overlapping superstructure floors and additional areas of the attached part 14 are made with stiffness bonds 17 in the form of prestressed cable fittings 18 located in diagonal and / or orthogonal directions, anchored on columns 12 with the formation of spatial stiffness. It is most optimal in terms of bearing capacity, spatial stability and cost to perform reinforcement of monolithic overlap 29 (see Fig. 7, 8) with reinforcing mesh frames 20 laid in the forming concrete layer along the contour of the vaulted arch with tightening cable-stayed reinforcement 18 along the chord in the lower belt of the monolithic overlap and anchored on the columns. The load-bearing parts of the plate 19 are reinforced with reinforcing mesh frames laid along the contour of the vaulted arch with tightening by the prestressed reinforcement 18 necessarily along the chord in the lower belt anchored on the columns, cable-stayed reinforcement is introduced in the prestressed state 16, in all the bearing parts of the floor slab 19 in orthogonal and diagonal directions (see Fig. 7) in each cell 30 of a monolithic slab in the period of construction and installation works. The self-supporting parts 29 of each cell 30 of the floor slab are reinforced in the usual way, with a reinforcing mesh.

- 3 009961

Industrial applicability

Residential building of secondary development is mounted as follows. Reconstruction is carried out without resettlement of residents. Along the outer walls 5 of the existing building (old part 1) with a constructive indent from the existing foundations 4 and with a step in orthogonal axes 3.0; 6.0; 9.0 m on drill piles 11 erect paired columns 12, to full height for built-up residential floors, another height up to the level of the roof ridge or flat covering of the existing building and mount the general precast-monolithic ceiling 13 on paired columns 12 with prestressed cable-stayed fittings 18 located in diagonal and orthogonal directions or prefabricated metal structures 19, diagonal ties. After the concrete reaches its design strength, the cable-stayed reinforcement 18 is pulled and fixed at the ends of the floor and columns 12. After that, monolithic floors 29 of the built-in part of the house with cable-stayed reinforcement 18 are mounted in orthogonal and diagonal directions in each cell of the supporting frame 30 formed, followed by the installation of the enclosing elements in accordance with the free layout of residential premises. After completion of construction and installation works on the erection of the superstructure of the building, 2 residents of the old part of the building are moved to comfortable new apartments of the superstructure of building 2 and work is carried out to strengthen the supporting structures of the old part of the building 1 with cable-stayed fittings 18 located on the surface of the load-bearing walls 5 and floors 7, subsequent redevelopment of the first floors, for example, under administrative and public buildings. Cable-stayed fittings 18 are placed on the surface of the panels of the bearing walls 5 in diagonal directions 17 from different sides and orthogonal on the inside, and also are located on the bottom surface of the ceilings 7 in the diagonal directions and orthogonally to the bearing walls 5. Cable-stayed fittings 18 are passed through the body of the old parts of the column building 12 are pulled with jacks until the load-bearing capacity of the structures is restored and fixed with anchors 31. In the future, the connection system of cable-stayed fittings 18 remains open for seismic their areas or monolithic with the panels of the building as a whole in non-seismic areas. Reconstruction is carried out in a building site, without dismantling the structures. The dismantling of the roof of the old part of building 1 is carried out after the completion of construction and installation work with the formation of a technical floor. And over the surface of the superstructure, open parts of the frame are left for possible further superstructure of building elements or sites. The technical result of the proposed design is to simplify installation work, increase the load-bearing capacity of the building, while observing safety precautions and minimize the degree of accident of installation work and operation of the building, ensure comfort for residents of the old part of the building by eliminating the need to dismantle the old part of the building, and therefore resettlement of residents, the possibility of expansion residential and auxiliary premises, the arrangement of parking and recreation areas and the possibility of construction in a tight city oh building.

Information sources

1. Kutuzov V.N. Reconstruction of buildings, M. Higher School, 1981, p. 244-245.

2. RF patent No. 2112850, cl. E046 23/00, BI No. 16, 06/10/98

Claims (15)

CLAIM 1. Residential building of secondary construction, including the old part consisting of a multi-storey building containing the foundation, load-bearing elements and non-load-bearing walls, floors, residential and auxiliary rooms, stair nodes, the attached part consisting of the foundation, supporting elements located along the external walls of the old parts of the building, attached additional areas and stair-elevator nodes, total reinforced concrete flooring, mounted above the covering of the old part of the building, and the built-in part of several floors, differing that the foundation of the attached and built-in parts of the house is made in the form of at least two rows of piles located along the perimeter of the old part at the calculated distance from the walls and at a distance of one span between the rows, the supporting elements are erected on separate piles in the form of paired columns, the outermost of which made to the entire height of the building, the other, along the perimeter of the old part, to the height of the old part of the building, the total overlap, the overlap of each floor of the overbuilt part and the overlap of the attached additional areas are made with the horizon with fixed stiffeners and stiffness ties from interfloor displacements and mounted on paired columns with erection of an autonomous bearing frame without transferring the load to the old part of the building, while overlapping of the superstructured part are mounted with support on the outermost columns, and the total overlap and overlaps of the attached additional areas are mounted on paired columns with the formation of spatial rigidity. 2. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the foundation of the attached and built-in parts is made in the form of brown injection piles. 3. Residential building under item 1, characterized in that the twin columns of an autonomous frame are mounted on piles by means of an elastic connection. 4. Residential building under item 1, characterized in that the paired columns are mounted on piles with the possibility of the formation of open supporting frame elements for additional superstructure. - 4 009961 5. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the total overlap and overlap of the overlaid floors and additional areas of the attached part are made with stiffeners in the form of prestressed cable-stayed fittings arranged on the columns in diagonal and / or orthogonal directions. 6. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the total overlap, overlap of the overlaid floors and additional areas of the attached part are made monolithic with stiffeners in the form of autonomous frame located in each cell in diagonal and orthogonal directions of reinforcing mesh frames that are tightened along the chord the lower belt is a cable-stayed reinforcement anchored on columns. 7. Residential building under item 1, characterized in that the total overlap, the overlap of the overbuilt floors and additional areas of the attached part are made monolithic with stiffeners in the form of a prefabricated metal frame. 8. Residential building under item 1, characterized in that the total overlap is made precast-monolithic with prestressed cable-stayed reinforcement located in the diagonal and orthogonal directions anchored on the columns. 9. Residential building under item 8, characterized in that the total overlap is made with monolithic bolts connected to the supporting elements of a pre-stressed cable-stayed reinforcement and filling between the bolts of monolithic concrete. 10. Residential building under item 8, characterized in that the total overlap is made with monolithic bolts connected to the columns and precast reinforced concrete beams in diagonal and orthogonal directions with prestressed cable reinforcement and filling between the beams of light monolithic concrete or proportional light concrete blocks. 11. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the overlap of additional areas attached on the floors of the old part of the house is made precast-monolithic with prestressed cable-stayed reinforcement located in diagonal and orthogonal directions. 12. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the load-bearing elements and the overlap of the old part of the building are reinforced with cable-stayed reinforcement in diagonal and orthogonal directions anchored on the columns along the perimeter of the old part of the building. 13. Residential building according to claim 12, characterized in that the old part of the building is reinforced with cable-stayed reinforcement located on the surface of the bearing walls or beams in the diagonal and orthogonal directions and anchored on the columns. 14. Residential building according to claim 12, characterized in that the old part of the building is reinforced with cable-stayed reinforcement located along the lower surface of the ceiling in diagonal directions and orthogonal to the bearing walls or beams and anchored on the columns. 15. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structures of the autonomous frame are made of reinforced concrete or a metal with a fire-retardant coating.