EA002651B1 - Light building panel, process and apparatus for continuos manufacturing of light building panels with mineral filling - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A light building panel, characterized in that it comprises at least one of the following: (a) shielding means for protection against environment; (b) formative means for giving form and strength; (c) a filling of mineral wool and/or glass wool and/or a combination of insulation materials; (d) connecting means for connecting shielding and/or formative means with filling. 2. The light building panel according to claim 1, characterized in that comprises at least one of the following characteristics: (a) at least one surface of the light building panel is equipped with at least one protrusion and/or at least one rib in longitudinal direction; (b) the upper and the lower shielding and/or formative means are symmetrical with regard to longitudinal axis of the light building panel; (c) the shielding and/or formative means feature endings and/or protrusions to facilitate interconnecting between adjacent light building panels during mounting and/or overlapping with adjacent light building panels during mounting; (d) interconnection between adjacent building panels is facilitated using sealing means. 3. The light building panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protrusions and/or the ribs on shielding and/or formative means feature trapezoidal cross sections with a width of narrower of both base sides of the trapezoid ranging from 20 mm to 30 mm, an inner angle of the trapezoid between 23 and 33 degree and distance between both base, parallel, sides ranging from 33 mm to 40 mm. 4. The light building panel according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mineral wool, glass wool, and/or other insulation material comprises one of the following densities: (a) between 115 kg/m<3> and 135 kg/m<3> for fireproof light building panels with appropriate mechanical characteristics; (b) between 135 kg/m<3> and 165 kg/m<3> for light building panels used for walkable essentially flat roofs or for those panels which should withstand usual loading during exploitation and/or local pressure load. 5. The light building panel according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the combination of the insulating materials is performed in at least two layers. 6. An apparatus for continuous manufacturing of light building panels with mineral filling with mineral filling as an insulation whereby said panels are manufactured by cutting of continuous band of the light building panel, characterized in that it comprises decoiling means for decoiling of shielding and/or formative means, profiling means for profiling of said shielding and/or formative means, insertion means for insertion of ribs of mineral filling, preheating means for heating of elements of the band of light building panel, application means for application of connecting means, a double band device (11), cutting means, cutting and arranging means for cutting and sorting of lamellas (26) into a band of lamellas (89) and/or unloading transporting means for loading of the light building panels on the pads (51) and elements of the light building panels comprising shielding means, formative means and/or filling of mineral wool and/or combinations of insulation materials connected thereto. 7. A process for continuous manufacturing of light building panels with mineral filling, said mineral filling serves as an insulation whereby said panels are manufactured by cutting of continuous band of the light building panel, characterized in that it comprises: assembling a continuous band of the light building panel comprised of elements of the light building panel comprising shielding means, formative means and/or filling of mineral wool and/or combinations of insulation materials using processes comprising of decoiling of shielding and/or formative means, cutting and arranging of lamellas (26) into a band of lamellas (89), inserting ribs of mineral filling, heating of elements of the band of the light building panel, application of connecting means on the elements of the band of the light building panel; connecting of the elements of the band of the light building panel within a double band device (11); cutting of the band of the light building panel into the light building panels of predetermined length; loading of finished light building panels on pads (51). 8. The process for continuous manufacturing of light building panels according to claim 1 using the mineral filling as an insulation whereby, said panels are manufactured by cutting of continuous band of the light building panel, characterized in that it enables manufacturing of fireproof light building panels, light building panels of modulus ranging from 200 mm to 1200 mm, light building panels using mineral wool fillings with various characteristics, light building panels for essentially flat roofs with flexible material bands and condensate shielding coating. 9. The process according to claims 7 and/or 8, characterized in that comprises: (a) decoiling with at least one decoiler (2) of upper shielding and/or formative means; (b) decoiling with at least one decoiler (1) of lower shielding and/or formative means; (c) changing of sheets with a double carriage at reduced velocities of the band of lamellas (89); (d) positioning of tools on cassettes enabling fast and simple changing of tools. 10. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that comprises: (a) cutting of mineral filling panels (81) with a set of at least two circular saws (33) into lamellas (26); (b) changing the direction from essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal lamella (26) axis to essentially parallel to the longitudinal lamella (26) axis; (c) separation into individual lamellas (26) or groups thereof using sorting feeder (84) and turning of individual lamellas (26) or groups thereof for essentially right angle around center of turning table (85); (d) transporting individual lamellas (26) to sorting feeder (84) with a velocity which exceeds accommodating velocity of sorting feeder (84) thereby ensuring longitudinal contact between individual lamellas. 11. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that comprises: (a) formation of a set of lamellas (86) comprising at least two one from another separated yet sidelong aligned lamellas by means of separators whereby said set of lamellas (86) is transported: -during a start-up until it reaches a rearranging device (87) whereby parquet-like assembly is assembled by rearranging of lamellas; -during normal operation until it reaches previously assembled set of lamellas; resulting in sidelong shifted set of lamellas (86); (b) establishment of continuous band of lamellas (89) comprising at least two adjacent and sidelong connected lamellas (26) whereby said band (89) is driven by at least one side guiding belt (88) which exerts side force and whereby the band of lamellas (89) features parquet-like appearance when observed from above; (c) establishment of longitudinal force via means of the side guiding belt (88) velocity which exceeds velocity of the band of lamellas (89). 12. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that comprising inserting corrective lamella (26) to remedy corrupted parquet-like order. 13. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a set of at least two circular saws (33) performs simultaneous cutting of mineral filling panel (81) into individual lamellas (26) of predetermined thickness. 14. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the trimming and milling process applied to the band of lamellas (89) comprises at least one of the following steps: (a) trimming using at least one circular saw (35) in longitudinal direction; (b) simultaneous trimming using at least two coaxially positioned circular saws (35), said saws (35) distanced for a width of the band of lamellas (89); (c) breaking of trimmed-off edges; (d) milling of at least one edge of the band of lamellas (89) with at least one milling tool (37). 15. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the trimming is followed by suction of remnants from the surface of mineral filling using suction means. 16. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that an application of connecting means is performed in a think layer whereby essentially uniformly applied quantity of connecting means does not exceed 500 g/m<2>. 17. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the application of connecting means is performed essentially uniformly in a film or droplets over essentially whole width of the band of lamellas (89) whereby the adhesive application device (9) applies a coating of the connecting means on upper and/or lower side of the band of lamellas (89) by periodic or oscillatory moves essentially perpendicular to the movement of the band of lamellas (89). 18. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the connecting means is an adhesive, and: (a) a quantity of applied adhesive ranges between 90 to 110 g/m<2>, or, alternatively (b) the use of adhesive ranges between 0.1 to 0.5 kg/m<2> and further the use of water is up to 45 % (weight) of adhesive; whereby said values are valid for individual layer of adhesive on one of the base surfaces of the band of lamellas (89) and whereby the adhesive features the following characteristics: viscosity up to 2 Pas; density up to 1500 kg/m<3>, reaction time in a laboratory: open time 15-20 sec, or, alternatively, open time over 64 sec; developing in a double band device (11) at temperature of up to 50 degree C for up to 3 minutes. 19. The process according to any of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that double band device (11) is comprised of two parallel bands of shielding and/or formative means supported and/or guided by supporting means and the band of lamellas (89) guided into between said parallel bands from the side whereby an angle formed by a projection of one of longitudinal edges

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to lightweight building panels and slabs; continuous method; production line; fastening technologies; integrated process for the manufacture of building panels and boards.

Technical issues to solve

The present invention provides for the resolution of the following technical problems.

The time-consuming and intermittent replacement of colored or colorless thin layers of various materials in the manufacturing process of lightweight building panels and slabs, united by the general term building panel (hereinafter - SP).

The inability when using well-known profiles of the joint venture to produce panels with thin layers of adhesives, and therefore their lack of fire resistance. Such (fire-resistant) panels are made with a filler or several fillers in a single or multi-layer shell of colored or colorless layers.

The problem of replacing tools and raw materials without stopping the production line in the manufacturing process of fire-resistant light SP.

Problems due to the design and layout of traditional systems for manufacturing fire-resistant lightweight building elements.

The limited ability of light SP with low mechanical characteristics to withstand the load when walking on them, for example on the roofs of such panels.

Poor quality of cutting thin strips of aggregate in light SP, which does not allow to apply thin layers of adhesive.

The contamination of the surface of the fillers in the lungs of the joint venture, in particular scraps and lumps of fiber, which prevents the melting of intact fibers from connecting effectively to each other and the filler connecting to the wall or walls of the sheath.

The thickness and number of thin strips of mineral aggregate in the known continuous production systems of fire-resistant light SP does not allow the manufacture of products of several standard widths.

Existing strip sorting systems do not provide automatic compensation in case of violation of the strip layout due to existing tolerances for the filler.

Modern systems require cutting and milling of the side edge during one step, which necessitates the use of several sets of tools for different thicknesses.

Heat loss during operation due to inaccurate alignment of two adjacent light SP during installation.

Existing systems provide for the direction of the strips using sliding guides, which causes the lateral strips to lag due to friction and subsequently heat loss during operation of the finished product.

Existing SP light calibration systems have been developed for polyurethane aggregate and therefore require different side guide chains or spacers for each SP thickness.

Manual packaging of finished products.

Cyclical regulation and synchronization of individual plant elements.

Uneven thickness of adhesive layers on the surface.

State of the art

Consumers of light joint ventures, i.e. of panels used in construction for thermal and hydraulic insulation or as dividing walls, solutions using polyurethane aggregate are well known. However, due to the fire resistance requirements, such panels were replaced by panels with other types of aggregates, i.e. mineral wool. For the purposes of this invention, the expressions mineral aggregate, mineral wool, mineral wool, glass wool are used to denote the same material known to specialists in the field of insulation. In addition, consumers require additional advantages from various aggregates (including mineral wool), such as increased fire resistance, soundproofing, environmental advantages in manufacturing, the possibility of reuse of internal materials, etc., depending on the accepted directions and regulations . Fillers that meet the specified requirements are placed inside the shell, and more specifically, between the two outer layers of the joint venture, in various ways known to specialists in this field.

Examples.

(a) A sandwich type construction with manufacture towards the front surface, i.e. to the facade. It is carried out by means of assembly, starting from metal sheets having a profile in accordance with the requirements of the assembly method, then fixing spacers, mineral wool sheets and profile coverings from shallowly shaped metal sheets. However, for horizontal roofs and roofs with a slope of up to 6 °, this design contains deeply profiled metal sheets, a vapor barrier made of impermeable materials, sheets of hard mineral wool and a final layer of flexible tape (for example, bitumen, thin sheets of metal or plastic) . A well-known example of the construction of this type is the Nooesi system.

(b) Sandwich type construction with manufacture away from the front surface. It is carried out by assembling pre-shaped metal sheets and mineral wool using manual or semi-automatic joining processes in molds using adhesives. An example of such a fairly simple and non-continuous method is the so-called Ragos system described in Slovenian patent document No. 9110235 A. The characteristic features of this method include stepwise displacement of glued strips, trimming the preformed aggregate to the desired length, coating metal sheets with adhesives and discrete overlay under pressure of adhesive-coated metal sheets onto the aggregate.

(c) A sandwich type construction with manufacturing away from the front surface using a continuous process that includes cutting mineral wool into thin strips and orienting the cotton fiber perpendicular to profiled metal sheets (the construction is widely used and is known from the reference buildings constructed by the applicant, and also shown at several fairs). The well-known continuous method is characterized mainly by the fact that it uses the lateral direction using straight-line sliding guides, which causes a displacement (violation of the layout) of the side strips and subsequent increased heat loss during operation of the finished product. Products made using this system can be easily recognized by their appearance resembling parquet, however, modern technology does not provide for the regulation of possible displacement due to inaccuracy of the process or system errors.

(b) Production of appropriately designed mineral wool sheets at the mineral wool production site, which would allow the assembly of the structure as a sandwich in the direction from the front surface without a cutting operation. In this direction, experiments conducted by Coeketoo1 Corporation are known.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to create a lightweight joint venture, a method and apparatus for the continuous manufacture of lightweight joint ventures with mineral aggregate, in which the solution of these technical problems is achieved as described below.

Fire-resistant light SP in accordance with the invention contain at least three layers: the upper metal sheet, the Central (middle) layer of aggregate, mainly made of mineral wool, and the lower metal sheet. The top and bottom sheets can be profiled. Both outer layers (i.e., top and bottom sheets) can be attached to the middle layer by permanent bonding, for example using appropriate adhesives.

Light SP in accordance with the invention contain at least three layers: two outer layers, i.e. the upper and lower layers, of which at least one is made of a metal sheet and the other is either a metal sheet or another material (for example, bitumen tape, paper, aluminum, plastic, etc.) and the middle layer of aggregate, preferably mineral wool. Both outer layers can be profiled.

The profile of any of the outer layers contains at least one side edge, which is performed by folding the material of the outer layer. This lateral edge limits the lateral (i.e., perpendicular to the direction of travel of the panel during its manufacture) movement of the aggregate and gives the panel strength.

The upper outer layer made of the above materials performs the function of the upper closing and / or forming means. The lower outer layer made of the above materials performs the function of the lower covering and / or forming means. For the purposes of this description of the expression, the upper outer layer, and / or the upper layer, and / or the upper metal sheet refers to the upper closing and / or forming means. The expressions lower outer layer and / or lower layer and / or lower metal sheet refer to a lower covering and / or forming means.

Manufacturers supply rolls of thin colored sheets of metal, preferably steel or aluminum, which can be coated with a layer of plastic. The metal sheet is unwound by means of unwinding drums and sent through compensation loops known in the art, cutting shears and rollers to profiling tools installed in so-called profiling machines. The term unwinding in this case means straightening the sheet from a folded state.

The profile of a particular product, manufactured on profiling machines, depends on several factors, in particular, such as the efficient use of the material, the special design at the request of the customer, and the manufacture of panels of satisfactory quality. Depending on these factors, the size of the rollers and the relationship between the use of the material and the strength of the finished product (panel) are determined taking into account the mechanical characteristics (i.e., elastic modulus) of the material.

Profiling tools are installed inside profiling machines that use profiling tool pairs or cassettes, characterized in that several profiling tool pairs are installed on a special platform (“cassette”), which makes it possible to quickly and easily replace profiling tools.

Replacement of materials during the manufacturing process is achieved using double unwinding reels, an unwinding drum with a double shaft, or a double carriage and a single unwinding drum. All these technical solutions are known to specialists in the field of production of lightweight joint ventures with polyurethane filler. Material flow control must be able to accelerate new material in order to compensate for the loss of material replacement time.

Further, in the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, a new solution to the technical problem of replacing thin colored or colorless layers from various materials in the manufacturing process of fire-resistant lightweight joint ventures will be described while minimizing interruptions in the production process due to a combination of technological methods allowing quick replacement of tools and materials.

A new solution for the manufacture of panel profiles containing one or more fillers in one or more shells of colored or colorless layers of various materials in the manufacturing process of fire-resistant lightweight joint ventures, which allows solving the problem of thin coating of the shell with adhesive (which is crucial for the fire resistance of panels), is characterized defining the shape of profiles. The profiles in question must be either trapezoidal, linear, or contain a combination of these forms.

The new solution for the fire resistance of panels is illustrated by the use of special mineral wool aggregates with a density of at least 115 kg / m ³ . In particular, mineral wool with a density of 115 to 135 kg / m ^{3 is} used for fire-resistant lightweight joint ventures with the corresponding mechanical characteristics (i.e. bearing capacity, compressive strength), and mineral wool with a density of 135 to 165 kg / m ^{3 is} used for light joint ventures of flat roofs that can be walked on and which must withstand the normal load during operation and local pressure (while walking) without permanent deformation.

The new technical solution provides for the manufacture of fireproof lightweight joint ventures with a length of 2000 to 14000 mm and a thickness of 60 to 200 mm. Such thickness values can be obtained by using the method and apparatus of the invention, and mineral wool sheets of up to 1200 mm length can be used. At the same time, the installation can be adjusted for the manufacture of finished panels with a width of 800 to 100 mm based on the supplied mineral wool sheets with a thickness of 70 to 76 mm and an even number of strips. So, for example, 14 strips 72 mm thick can be used to produce a ready-made fire-resistant light joint venture 1000 mm wide.

The supplied mineral wool sheets should be cut into strips, and then the strips connected to a system like parquet before assembling a lightweight joint venture. This is already known from the prior art, for example, for those buildings that were equipped by the applicant. The method according to the invention includes cutting mineral wool sheets into strips, rotating the strips by 90 °, forming a set of strips and reorienting the strips in the set until the set is formed in the form of parquet. Longitudinal and transverse forces are applied to this parquet set to form a continuous strip of strips used in the further manufacture of light SP.

Due to inaccuracies when cutting strips or due to the material properties of the strips in the parquet scheme, malfunctions may occur; in particular, a displacement of one or more strips can occur, which causes a change in the overlap of adjacent strips. These shortcomings are overcome by creating a feedback loop for introducing corrective strips that have an appropriate length and restore the parquet scheme when introduced.

The new solution provides such a quality of cutting during the manufacture of strips that a thin layer of adhesive can be applied to the mineral aggregate in the process of its connection with other layers.

Additionally, such a system of milling and cutting of mineral aggregate is provided that enables milling and trimming of each edge of the strip of strips during one step and using the same set of tools regardless of the thickness of the strip of strips.

To remove the waste of trimming and milling and other contaminants before the final assembly of the product, the surfaces of the strip tape are cleaned using a suction system. Following this, a thin coating (layer) of adhesive is applied to the respective surfaces of the tape strips for its connection with other layers in the assembly process. Both the properties of the adhesive and its application are important for achieving fire resistance (within the meaning of this term, which is known to specialists in the field of manufacturing light SP). The adhesive must be applied uniformly in the form of a film or drops or by spraying it over most of the area of the tape strips.

A strip of strips must be correctly inserted between the two outer layers. According to this new technology, the introduction of tape strips from the side is used. Next, the outer layers and mineral aggregate are collected in a two-tape device. However, before assembling, the tape of the strips must be aligned, as the previous operation could disrupt the relative orientation of adjacent strips.

In a two-tape device, the outer layers and mineral aggregate are connected into a continuous tape of a lightweight joint venture for cutting into lightweight joint ventures of an appropriate length after exiting the two-tape apparatus. If required, elements of overhangs (roofs) are made. Then, light SPs are checked and loaded for transportation using a new loading method. The loading method of this invention can be controlled by a microprocessor integrated in or attached to a control panel.

List of drawings

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a layout diagram of a plant that includes an unwinding drum 1 for the upper layer, an unwinding drum 2 for the lower layer, a profiling machine 3 for the lower layer, a profiling machine 4 for the upper layer, a device 5 for introducing sheets of mineral aggregate, a cutting device 6 for cutting mineral aggregate, device 7 for sorting and introducing mineral aggregate, preheating chamber 8, adhesive applying device 9, unwinding device 10 for unwinding the tape g bkogo material, the double band device 11, the band saw 12, the circuit 13 for the upper side, the circuit 16 to the lower side, and unloading system 19 packetizes device XX.

FIG. 2 shows a joint venture profile for roofs comprising an upper metal sheet 21, a mineral aggregate 22, a lower metal sheet 23 and an adhesive layer 29.

FIG. 3 depicts profiles of two adjacent joint ventures for roofs before joining and during the joining process, each panel comprising an upper metal sheet 21, mineral aggregate 22, a lower metal sheet 23 and an adhesive layer 29.

FIG. 4 shows a profile of a facade joint venture comprising an upper metal sheet 21, a mineral aggregate 22, a lower metal sheet 24 and an adhesive layer 29.

FIG. 5 depicts the profiles of two adjacent facade SPs before they are connected and during the connection, each panel containing an upper metal sheet 21, mineral aggregate 22, a lower metal sheet 24 and an adhesive layer 29,

FIG. 6 shows the profile and individual sections of the lower metal sheet 23 of the roof panel.

FIG. 7 depicts the profile and individual sections of the upper metal sheet 21 of the panel for roofs and / or facade.

FIG. 8 depicts a corrugated joint profile for roofs with mineral aggregate 22, a lower metal sheet 25 and an adhesive layer 29.

FIG. 9 shows profiles of two interconnected roof panels with mineral aggregate 22 and a lower metal sheet 25.

FIG. 10 depicts the insulation of a facade joint venture using sealing tape 30.

FIG. 11 shows the insulation of the roof joint venture using sealing tape 30.

FIG. 12 depicts two examples of cutting using a set of circular saws 33 sheets 81 of mineral aggregate with a width of b and b ₁ into thin strips of a width of 11 ₆ and 11 ₂ with the formation of many strips 26.

FIG. 13 depicts a mineral aggregate sheet 81 moving along a feeder 32 to a set η of circular saws 33 and a strip of strips 26, from the surface of which a suction head 39 removes particles, lumps and / or dust from mineral fibers.

FIG. 14 shows a storage section 82 with a set of circular saws 33.

FIG. 15 shows a change in the direction of movement of the strips in the direction changing portion 83.

FIG. 16 shows the division into individual strips or groups of strips using a sorting feeder 84 and the rotation of the strips 26 90 ° around the center using a turntable 85.

FIG. 17 shows a device 87 for rearranging strips into rows of even strips 26a and odd strips 26b, a set of 86 strips, a side guide tape 88, a tape 89 of strips and a transverse roller 90.

FIG. 18 shows a panel of mineral aggregate strips 26 as a portion of a strip of strips offset to overlap the even strips 26a and the odd strips 26b in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 19 shows a panel of strips 26 including correction strips 28 as a portion of a strip of strips containing even strips 26a and odd strips 26b.

FIG. 20 shows a mineral aggregate panel 36 as a strip band portion sliding along a feeder to circular saws 35 for trimming (cutting) and milling tools 37 for milling the edges of the mineral aggregate panel 36 as a strip band portion, and a suction head 39 for removing parts, particles and / or lumps of mineral fiber.

FIG. 21 shows a roof panel 22a or a facade panel 22b with mineral aggregate, the edges 38 of which are milled to better fit the metal sheet.

FIG. 22 shows the entrance of the tape 89 of the strips into the two-tape device 11, the side guide tape 88, the transverse roller 90, the freely rotating side roller guides 92, the profile of which corresponds to the profile of the edges of the tape 89 of the strips.

FIG. 23 shows a layout diagram of the connections between the preheating chamber 8, the adhesive applying device 9 and the two-tape device 11.

FIG. 24 shows the application of an adhesive coating to the lower surface of the tape 89 strips using the lower mixing head 41.

FIG. 25 shows the application of an adhesive coating on the upper and lower surfaces of the tape 89 strips using the upper mixing head 41 and the lower mixing head 42, showing the upper outer layer 21, the lower outer layer 23, 24, the double-bend radius K and the uncontrolled horizontal displacement δ.

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of a two-tape device 11 with upper side chains 13, 14 and lower side chains 16, 17, with the upper layer 21, the tape of 89 strips and the lower layer 23, 24 visible.

FIG. 27 shows a system for attaching a flexible material tape 45, which is unwound from an unwinder 44 and passes through a flexible material pre-heating system 46 (i.e., through a removable heating chamber 46) with an exhaust air or gas recovery system 47, also shown a tape of 89 strips, an upper mixing head 41 and a two-tape device 11.

FIG. 28 depicts loading of panels (finished products), i.e. the installation of supporting pads under them), the notation used: 51 - supporting pads, b _sue - the distance in the light between the supporting pads 51, b _{cancer the} length of the package of panels, including a certain clearance for loading at least two light SP, b _{po <1} - the length of the backing pad 51, N is the number of backing pads 51 in the package, T _{cancer is the} distance of the displacement of the edge of the backing pad from the edge of the panel.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention

To straighten the metal sheet, unwinding drums with a force of at least 2000 kg should be used, which allows the use of a metal sheet up to 1.50 m wide with a twist diameter of up to 1.5 m.

The metal sheet to be profiled is profiled in a profiling machine, namely, the upper metal sheet in the upper profiling machine 4, and the lower metal sheet in the lower profiling machine 3.

The thickness of the materials to be profiled in the upper profiling machine

4 is: Material type Thickness mm Colored steel sheet 0.4-0.9 Steel sheet with plastic coating 0.4-0.8 Color or colorless aluminum nyvy sheet 0.5-0.9 Stainless steel 0.4-0.8 Surface Finished Steel 0.3-0.7 Copper sheet 0.4-0.9

The thickness of the materials to be profiled in the lower profiling machine 3 is in the first preferred embodiment:

Material type Thickness mm Colored steel sheet 0.5-1.1 Steel sheet with plastic coating 0.5-0.9 Color or colorless aluminum sheet 0.5-1.1 Stainless steel 0.3-0.7 Surface Finished Steel 0.4-0.9 Copper sheet 0.4-0.9

The thickness of the materials to be profiled in the lower profiling machine 3 is, in a second preferred embodiment,

Re implementation: Material type Thickness mm Colored steel sheet 0.4-1.35 Steel sheet with plastic coating 0.4-0.8 Color or colorless aluminum sheet 0.5-1.35 Stainless steel 0.4-0.8 Surface Finished Steel 0.3-0.7 Copper sheet 0.4-0.9 Technological support let-

The ability to quickly change tools and materials while minimizing interruptions in the production process consists of the following technological combination: use one unwinding drum for the upper layer and one unwinding drum 1 for the lower layer using a double carriage, which allows sheet replacement during the production process with reduced speed. Tools are located on cassettes, which can be replaced quickly and easily. For example, a cassette for processing a facade panel contains two tools and allows replacement between two different pre-selected profiles of the facade panel without interruption and further replacement.

In order for the shell, consisting of one or several layers, to be covered with a thin layer of adhesive (which is crucial for the fire resistance of the panels), the profiles must be either trapezoidal or straightforward, or contain a combination of these forms. In a preferred embodiment, for the manufacture of panels for the construction of roofs, a panel is provided comprising upper and lower metal sheets 21 and 23 and mineral aggregate 22, all elements being interconnected via an adhesive layer 29. Such a panel is made with lower ribs or protrusions evenly spaced in increments of 200 to 300 mm and has edges of a special design. These features and profiles of two adjacent panel edges are shown in FIG. 2, 3, 6, 7, 10. The following is a preferred example of facade panels. The facade panel contains upper and lower metal sheets 21 and 24 and mineral aggregate 22. A new solution to increase the economy and optimize the manufacturing process is achieved by a) symmetry of the profiles of the upper and lower layers, and b) the same profiles of the upper part of the panels for roofs and facade panels shown in FIG. 4, 5, 7, 11. Next, a new solution of the corrugated panel for roofs is presented, which contains a filler 22 either from polyurethane or from a combination of polyurethane and mineral aggregate and a lower metal sheet 25, as shown in FIG. 8 and 9. In this exemplary embodiment, a combination of materials is achieved by alternating stacked materials. The drawings show a method for connecting two adjacent profiles by partially overlapping them. The protrusions that reinforce the panels and the edge structures that form the means for connecting adjacent panels in those cases where the protrusions are not provided on the panels for mutual partial overlap during connection are also shown there. In addition, profiles (metal sheets) of various materials are connected to the mineral aggregate by applying a thin layer 29 of adhesive. As indicated above, the structural details of these profiles are shown in FIG. 2-9 and are thereby included in the description, since their verbal description would be too complicated. As a mineral filler 22, an example is provided of a tape 89 of strips cut to an appropriate length, both terms (mineral filler and strip strips) being equivalent for the purposes of this description.

The protrusions and / or ribs 27 mentioned in the previous paragraph have a trapezoidal cross-section with a small trapezoid base from 20 to 30 mm, an internal angle of inclination of the side of 23 to 33 ° and a height of 33 to 40 mm.

Moreover, the greatest economic advantages were obtained when a trapezoidal protrusion with a smaller base of 25 mm wide, an internal angle of inclination of the side of 25 ° and a height of 37 mm was made on the outer layer of the original width of 1250 mm. By the internal angle of inclination of the lateral side is meant the angle between any of the lateral sides of the trapezoid and a line perpendicular to both bases of the trapezoid.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, it is proposed to use a vapor barrier between two adjacent panels in their lower connection. This barrier is accomplished by using appropriate sealing tape (e.g., O-ring) 30 from standard materials. For structures with less stringent requirements, this insulation in connection can be made by overlapping metal sheets with a layer of insulation wool.

The panels are manufactured using a method in which the mineral aggregate is pretreated and attached to the outer layers. In a preferred embodiment, the mineral aggregate is supplied in the form of sheets 81 of width b and length 8, wherein the aggregate is mineral wool. The sheets 81 are cut into strips 26 using the technology described here, the strips 26 are completed in sets 86, which contain many adjacent strips with adjacent long sides. After that, sets of 86 strips are converted into a parquet layout of the strips and then connected into a continuous parquet strip, hereinafter referred to as the tape 89 strips.

These sheets 81 are first cut into strips 26 using a set of at least two circular saws 33 to produce strips of a certain length, width and thickness at the output (Figs. 12-14). So, for example, for the manufacture of lightweight joint ventures with a width of 1000 mm and a thickness of 500 mm, a set of 9 circular saws is used to make strips 600 mm long, 150 mm wide and 72 mm thick. Then the groups of strips are directed with acceleration to the accumulation section 83 (Fig. 15). In this section, the direction of movement of the strips 13 is changed from longitudinal to transverse and fed to sorting feeder 84 (Fig. 16), which divides the groups of strips into separate strips and simultaneously feeds them to the unfolding table 85 so that each chamber of the rotary table is occupied by one strip 26. The transportation of the strips to the sorting feeder 84 is carried out using a conveyor belt whose speed is higher than the working speed of the sorting feeder 84, due to which the strips 26 are pressed against each other in the direction of movement Nia. The specific number of strips to form a set of strips after leaving the turntable 85 depends on the modular size of the finished product. So, for example, for a module 1000 mm long, 14 strips are required if sheet 81 has a thickness of 72 mm.

A group of strips 26, which contains at least two strips and extends from the turntable 85, is called a set of 86 strips. The set is characterized by the fact that the strips in it are separated by separators, such as guide tubes, etc., and move in the direction of their length with the same speed, while the strips are mainly aligned in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement (i.e. e. in transverse rows). A set of 86 strips is transported to the rearrangement device 87, which is used only to start the operation (Fig. 17). The specified rearrangement device 87 regroups the strips to form a parquet layout. After the initial stage of the operation, the use of this device is no longer required, since the strips follow one after another, in mutual contact, and further rearrangement occurs automatically. The rearrangement device is located at the end of the dividers, and behind the rearrangement device 87, the strips are no longer divided, but are adjacent to each other on the sides. Using at least one guide tape, lateral force is transmitted to the strips 26, converting the set of strips 26 into a continuous strip of strips with their parquet layout in a plan view. As an example, for strips with a length of 600 mm, the ideal rearrangement is the staggered displacement of the strips with an overlap of about 300 mm in length, i.e. half the length of the strip. The continuous tape 89 of the strips should be aligned vertically with a transverse roller 90, which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tape 89 of the strips. The lateral guide tape 88 is driven by an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, and the tape speed is higher than the tape speed of 89 strips, which ensures contact between the strips in the longitudinal direction and protection against violation of the parquet layout. The speed of the side guide tape 88 exceeds the speed of the tape 89 strips by 3-20%.

Due to inaccuracies when cutting strips or due to the material properties of the strips in the parquet scheme, malfunctions can occur; in particular, a displacement of one or more strips can occur, which causes a change in the overlap of adjacent strips. The new solution provides a feedback loop for introducing correction strips 28, the length of which differs from the length of the strips 26 (Fig. 19). The introduction of the strips 28 restores the above-described overlap if the relative displacement of the strips 26 exceeds a predetermined allowable value. So, for example, if the length of the strips 26 is 600 mm, the overlap is 300 mm, and the allowable range of values is 100 mm, then the overlap between adjacent strips should be no more than 400 mm and not less than 200 mm. The overlap between adjacent strips varies depending on the mechanical characteristics of the aggregate and the process parameters (for example, inaccurate cutting, etc.). If in this example, the overlap exceeds the tolerance, that is, 400 mm, or is less than 200 mm, then according to the method according to the invention requires the introduction of one correction strip 28 or several strips between two adjacent along the length of the strips 26. The length of such a correction strip 28 can be equal to 100 mm to restore the required range of overlap from 200 to 400 mm. It should be emphasized that examples with digital values are given solely as an illustration of an inventive idea and in no way limit the use of the technology of the invention. It is recommended to choose the length of the strips in the range from 300 to 1000 mm and the length of the corrective strips in the range from 50 to 300 mm. Actual overlap is measured using optical sensors. As the reference point, the position of the strip 26 in any column of strips can be used. In a preferred embodiment, the position of the strip 26 at the edge of the tape 89 of the strips is used.

Further, the cutting quality of the aggregate material in the cutting device 6 is achieved in such a way that a thin layer of adhesive can be successfully applied, and this thin layer is very important for ensuring the fire resistance of the finished product. A tolerance of ± 0.3 mm is recommended. In a preferred embodiment, the mineral aggregate sheet 81 of width b slides along the feeder 32 to a set of η circular saws 33 (FIG. 13), with η equal to or greater than two. The set of circular saws 33 provides simultaneous cutting of the specified sheet 81 of mineral aggregate into strips 26 of width b / (and + 1).

In a preferred embodiment, a new system for milling and trimming mineral aggregate using circular saws is also provided (FIG. 20). Trimming is necessary to obtain the required width of the light joint venture, and milling to achieve good contact between the side strips and the outer layer of the light joint venture. Using at least one circular saw 35, and usually with at least two circular saws 35, which are mounted on one shaft at a distance from each other equal to the width of the lightweight joint venture, cut the edges of the tape 89 strips to obtain a modular width (i.e. the width of the corresponding frame size or panel module). The thickness of the tape 89 strips usually lies in the range from 60 to 200 mm. In addition, the saw or saws 35 divides the cut edges of the tape 89 of the strips into pieces, which are then removed by the suction device described below. Accordingly, the normal to the plane of the circular saw 35 is located essentially perpendicular to the normal to the upper plane of the strip 89 of the strips. However, depending on the requirements of the consumer of the finished product, this angle between the normals can be chosen different. The projection of the plane of the circular saw 35 on the upper plane of the tape 89 strips is essentially parallel to the direction of movement of the tape 89 strips. This solution provides a solution to the technical problem of trimming the side edges, which required sets of tools configured for different sizes (thickness) of strips.

After trimming the edges, the tape 89 of the strips is transported to at least one milling section for processing one or more edges with at least one milling tool 37 (Fig. 20). Typically, in the manufacture of facade lightweight joint ventures, at least two milling tools 37 on one side (left) and two milling tools 37 on the other side (right) are used. In the manufacture of light joint ventures for roofs, at least one milling tool 37 is used on one side (left) and one milling tool 37 is on the other side (right). Using the milling tool 37, the corresponding edge profile of the light joint venture is performed in order to achieve the correct connection of two adjacent light joint ventures at the assembly stage (Fig. 21). As described above, using only four milling tools (milling cutters) and / or forms of milling tools (left and right milling tools for roof panels, left and right milling tools for facade panels), the entire range of different sizes for each type of light joint venture for roofs is covered or facade.

In a preferred embodiment, there is provided a method and apparatus for removing lumps or particles from the surfaces of a tape 89 of strips after trimming and edge milling operations (FIG. 20). The suction head 39 by means of the suction force created by it removes various particles, scraps and lumps from the surface of the tape 89 of strips, which improves the mechanical characteristics of these surfaces and allows a thin coating (layer) of adhesive to be applied to them. The coating is considered thin if each layer of adhesive does not exceed 500 g / m ² . Such suction heads 39 are used at the end of trimming and milling operations.

Special adhesives with appropriate characteristics and applied in a special way make it possible to produce fire-resistant light SP. The adhesive should be applied evenly in the form of a film or drops, or by spraying it onto a large part of the surface of the tape 89 strips using the device 9 for applying adhesive (Fig. 1). This device provides uniform application of adhesive to the upper and / or lower surfaces of the tape 89 strips by periodic passages or swings in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the tape 89 strips. For the purpose of (a) achieving sufficient strength of the joint between the mineral aggregate and the outer layer or layers and (b) increasing the fire resistance of the lightweight joint venture, it is extremely important that the amounts of applied adhesive remain in each area area within the recommended range from 90 to 110 g / m ² . As an example, the following quantitative data can be given: in a panel 1000 mm wide for connecting a tape of 89 strips with a lower outer layer (23, 24, 25), the adhesive consumption is from 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m ² , while the adhesive is mixed with water with a water content of up to 45% of the total weight of the adhesive. Adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the tape 89 strips, which is intended to be connected to the upper outer layer, using the mixing head 41 (Fig. 24, 25) and to the lower surface of the tape 89 strips, which is intended to be connected to the lower outer layer, by mixing head 42. The recommended speed of the tape 89 strips is in the range from 4 to 8 m / min. As an example, the following characteristics of the adhesive can be given (preferably Ροϊίοΐ CO2 Goashsb and ΙκοсуапаЮ-МЭГ '): viscosity up to 2 Pa-s; density up to 1500 kg / m ³ ; reaction time in the laboratory: the duration of the reaction in the open air is 15-20 s, the alternative reaction time in the open air is more than 64 s and the exposure time in the two-tape device 11 at a temperature of up to 50 ° C up to 3 min, while mixed in a weight ratio of 1: (1.1-1.5). In this particular embodiment, the upper and lower outer layers were made of metal sheets.

Further, a new technical solution is proposed in relation to the input of the tape 89 strips with its direction through the side guides (Fig. 22). The tape 89 of strips is introduced into the two-tape device 11 using side roller guides 92, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the edges of the tape 89 of the strips, while the guide rollers can rotate freely. By transmitting the vertical force, the two-tape device 11 facilitates a constant (i.e., stationary) connection with the tape 89 of the strips of the upper outer shell and / or forming means and the lower shell and / or forming means. At the output of the two-tape device 11, a design is obtained, called here a continuous tape light SP. Next, this tape is cut into the lungs of the joint venture (final product). However, before the introduction of the tape 89 strips into the two-tape device 11, alignment of the strips in the tape 89 of the strips is carried out, since they could shift due to double bending (Figs. 22, 25). The recommended input angle is in the range from 7 to 13 °, the best result is achieved with an angle from 9 to 10 °. This angle of entry allows you to enter tapes 89 strips with a thickness of 50 to 250 mm with the best result with a thickness of 60 to 200 mm. Before entering into the two-tape device 11, the tape 89 strips is not supported in accordance with the requirements of the device 9 for coating (i.e. mixing heads) in the free state of the tape 89 strips for smooth processing. Therefore, the input (direction) of the tape 89 strips is produced using freely rotating rollers, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the edges of the tape 89 strips. These side rollers provide the transmission of a predetermined lateral force and, accordingly, create sufficient friction between the strips to allow the introduction of 89 strips of tape without support and laying on the lower outer metal sheet.

The introduction of the tape 89 strips into the two-tape device 11 in the described manner creates another technical problem that needs to be solved, namely, the problem of double bending of the tape 89 strips, while the double bend in the side view has a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tapes in the two-tape device 11. Said double bend necessary in order to lower the level of the tape 89 strips from the level of laying strips in the tape to the level required for input into the two-tape device 11. Double bend along the radius B causes a failure ravlyaetsya horizontal displacement of the strips 26 at δ value at the inlet to the double band device 11. The problem is solved by the combination of the lateral forces and O longitudinal force (i.e. along axis or main direction of the tape strips 89). The longitudinal force is created by the increased speed of the tape 89 strips and additional driving rollers, which are located above the lateral edges of the strips in the milling area, while these driving rollers compensate for the additional friction created during milling. Lateral force is created by transmitting pressure through pre-installed side guide rollers 92, which can rotate freely. Lateral force is necessary (a) to create the appropriate frictional grip between adjacent strips 26, which prevents the strips from moving and / or gaps, and (b) to prevent the strips 26 from coming into each other under the action of an increased longitudinal force. Before the first bend, the tape 89 of the strips is aligned with at least one leveling roller, which is mounted above the tape 89 of the strips behind the first bend so that its center line lies in a plane parallel to the plane of the tape 89 of the strips and perpendicular to the direction of its movement. At the same time, the leveling roller limits the vertical displacement of adjacent strips in the tape of 89 strips. In addition, the two-tape device 11 transmits sufficient vertical force to compensate for the possible vertical displacement between adjacent strips 26 by partially deforming the strips in the vertical direction and partially pressing the adhesive into the strips. A prerequisite for the successful operation of one or more leveling rollers is a local decrease in lateral force with a corresponding decrease in friction between the strips.

Inside the two-tape device 11, the tape 89 of the strips is guided by at least one side chain (Fig. 26). As is well known to specialists in this field, when using a side chain, the technical problem is that for each size of the product requires a different side chain or spacer element. This problem is solved according to this invention using at least two synchronously moving side chains. Known systems developed for products with polyurethane fillers consist of a double tape (as a continuous device) and side chains for calibrating the finished product. As is known to those skilled in the art, the side chains are endless ribbons with a side profile along the desired side profile of the finished product. The tape limits the buckling of the polyurethane and forms the side of the polyurethane core.

In accordance with this invention, a method and apparatus for the manufacture of light SP, which uses two separate synchronously moving side chains. The side chains limit and guide the tape of the light SP so that the contacting element (i.e. the chain link) of the upper chain, due to its shape, is adjacent to at least one upper edge of the upper closing and / or forming means of the tape of the light SP, limiting her and, moreover, by means of friction transmitting to her a driving force. In turn, the contacting element of the lower chain, due to its shape, adjoins at least one lower edge of the lower closing and / or forming means of the tape of the lightweight joint venture, limiting it and, in addition, transmitting the driving force to it by friction. The edges of the upper and lower closing and / or forming means of the tape of light SP, which were formed before entering the two-tape device 11 using the corresponding profiling machines 4, 5, due to their shape limit (hold) the tape 89 strips and prevent the adhesive from exiting areas bounded by the edges of the upper and / or lower closing and / or forming means.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the upper metal sheet 21 is guided by the use of limiting elements (i.e., contacting elements) of at least two upper side chains 13,

14. Both chains can be adjusted in height to adapt to different thicknesses of a particular flame-retardant lightweight joint venture, as well as in width to adapt to various values of the width of the joint venture. At the same time, the limiting elements of the upper side chains 13, 14 are made in a simplified form, in the form of profiles additional to the edges of the upper metal sheet 21, i.e. the upper edges of the tape light SP. As another embodiment, the lower metal sheet 23 or the lower metal sheet 24 of the facade SP or the lower metal sheet 25 of the corrugated SP for roofs is guided by the limiting elements of the two lower side chains 16, 17, both chains being adjustable in the transverse direction to accommodate different values width of specific lungs SP. The limiting elements of the lower side chains 16, 17 are made in a simplified form, in the form of profiles additional to the edges of the lower metal sheet (23, 24, 25, depending on the particular lightweight joint venture), i.e. the lower edges of the tape light SP. Further, with similar profiles of both edges of the panels described above (Fig. 2-9), the same upper chains 13, 14 can be used, which eliminates the need to replace them when switching from one size of the manufactured panel to another. In addition, in the same two-tape device 11, instead of the upper metal sheet, bitumen tape 45 or other flexible material can be used.

At least one device for securing the lateral closure means is provided on one side of the strip 89 of strips before it is inserted into the two-tape device 11. This fastening is carried out along one of the lateral (i.e. non-main surfaces) tapes of 89 strips using polyethylene tapes, PVC tapes or tapes of another material, and these tapes serve for technological protection of side chains from contamination by adhesive, fiber particles or other mechanical or chemical waste, and also provide functional protection of the finished product (i.e. light SP) from moisture prior to its installation. The width of the tapes is adjusted in accordance with the thickness of the lightweight joint venture.

Instead of metal sheets, flexible tapes such as bitumen tapes, thin plastic sheets, paper or thin aluminum sheets can be used. In this case, the presented system (Fig. 27) allows you to fix the bottom surface of the tape 89 strips on the lower metal sheet, and on the upper surface of the tape 89 strips to fix soda paper, aluminum sheet, plastic sheet, bitumen tape. Further, these materials will be referred to in a generalized form as “flexible material”. Various materials can be replaced one to another without stopping the process through the use of a storage loop and / or connecting table. The system also requires a device for preheating the flexible material to soften it so as to achieve good bonding, but without significantly reducing the strength or tearing of the flexible material tape. An unwinding device 44 for unwinding flexible material, placed above a two-tape device 11 and equipped with unwinding drums developing a force of up to 2000 kg for a flexible material tape up to 1.3 m wide with a roll diameter up to 1.2 m, is presented as an example of execution.

In an exemplary embodiment using at least one flexible tape, bonding using adhesives is performed prior to entering into the two-tape device 11 using at least two mixing heads 41, 42 that are located on the swing devices. The heads 41, 42 move laterally in both directions and uniformly cover the lower and / or upper sides of the mineral aggregate 22 with an adhesive to ensure its connection with the upper and / or lower outer layers 23, 24, 25, taking into account the above options.

In the illustrated embodiment, the ribbon 45 of flexible material is straightened in the unwinder 44 and passed through a pre-heating system 46. The tape 45 is heated using hot air or another gas with a temperature of from 100 to 200 ° C, while the tape has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and is fed at a speed of 3 to 9 m / min, so that the tape is heated to a temperature of from 40 to 75 ° C. The tape is heated in a removable chamber 46, equipped with a suction system 47, into which cooling air or other gas is removed by suction and where it is again heated (restored), while the system is closed or semi-closed. Following the treatment in the heating chamber 46, the tape 45 is coated with an adhesive by spraying without using air uniformly over the entire width with a flow rate of, for example, from 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m ² for each individual coating layer. The coating is applied to the underside of the tape 45.

The adhesive is applied to the preheated surface, with the best results being obtained for the temperature of the preheated tape from 40 to 50 ° C. The final reaction process occurs inside the two-tape device 11 at temperatures up to about 50 ° C, after which the finished product is incubated for up to 24 hours at a temperature above 15 ° C.

In the case of manufacturing lightweight joint ventures using flexible tape instead of mineral aggregate, a coating can be used to protect against condensation. So, for example, a polyurethane coating can be used, and the amount of material of such a coating as a screen for protection against condensation should not exceed 1.5 kg / m ² . In this case, a tape of flexible material is used as a technological protective coating for the manufacture of lightweight joint ventures with a coating for protection against condensate with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, usually 8 mm. As an example of implementation, a coating for protection against condensation can be applied by expanding the adhesive between the upper layer of light SP (for example, a tape of flexible material) and the lower metal sheet. In this case, the tape of the flexible material serves as a screen between the coating and the two-tape device 11, and also performs an aesthetic function.

In a preferred embodiment, the tape of light SP or fire-resistant light SP is made using the method and devices described above. After exiting the two-tape device 11, this tape is cut into panels of a predetermined length using a band saw 12, and cutting is carried out in the direction from the bottom up to fill in the bumps inward, and the bumps on the upper metal sheet are removed with a special cutter (knife). At the same time, due to the damping of vibration, a high cut quality is achieved. The opposite direction of cutting or cutting with circular saws would cause vibration due to a softer middle layer of a lightweight joint venture with mineral aggregate. To reduce the effect of vibration, the movement of the panel during cutting is limited using special clamping and / or restrictive elements and due to this, a higher quality cut is obtained.

A preferred embodiment also includes the manufacture of overhangs. To do this, the lower layer is preliminarily separated from the mineral aggregate or another middle layer by means of separation agents (for example, by coating with a liquid a separation agent, which prevents the mineral aggregate from connecting to the lower outer layer), and this middle layer is cut transversely to the direction of movement of the tape of light SP. For the purposes of this description, the term overhang means the protruding part of the lower metal sheet, which can be used either to overlap with an adjacent panel during installation, or as a roof overhang (Fig. 3). Overhangs are made using a circular saw. So, for example, in the manufacture of overhangs with a length of 50 to 200 mm, the upper metal sheet and the middle layer (i.e., the filler between the upper and lower metal sheets) are first removed so that the lower metal sheet becomes longer than the upper sheet and the filler layer. The protruding part of the lower metal sheet serves as an overhang or an element of overlapping roof panels.

The manufactured panels are laid on pallets or other supporting surfaces (hereinafter referred to as supporting pads). Roof panels are folded in pairs, i.e. two panels form a single unit, with their flat surfaces facing outward, and the wavy surfaces (shown in Figs. 2-9) facing each other in order to protect them from deformation during transportation and increase transport efficiency. Finished products are laid on the support pads 51.

The new solution according to the invention provides a new arrangement of the support pads 51 in accordance with different lengths of the packages of panels and different weights, depending on various combinations of materials of finished products. Thus, the package contains at least one vertical row of light SPs stacked on top of each other. The method (algorithm) in the preferred embodiment is as follows (Fig. 28):

(ί) there are at least two support pads 51;

(ίί) the support pad 51 at the very end of the bottom panel (acting as the bottom surface of the bag) is pulled outward from the edge of the bottom panel by a distance T _cancer for use in packaging and protecting the panels, with a T _cancer value of 5 to 25 mm;

(ίίί) the distance between the support pads 51 is calculated by the formula

8UE = ((L _and k + 2 Tr * _ak) - (M * L _D0)) / (M-1), where L _Zue - the clear distance between the support pads 51

B _cancer - the length of the panels, including a certain clearance for loading at least two light SP,

B _rob - the length of the support lining 51,

N is the number of support pads 51 in the package,

Truck - indicated in (p);

(ίν) the values of specific parameters depending on the thickness of the bb panel and the density g of the mineral aggregate are summarized in the following table, where all quantities whose dimension is not indicated are given in meters, and the length corresponds to b _cancer according to item (ίίί):

Average bb = 80 mm g = 100 kg / m ³ Heavy bb = 60 mm g = 150 kg / m ³ Light bb = 200 mm g = 60 kg / m ³ The number of support pads N Panel Length Panel Length Panel Length (default) (maximum) (minimal) from before from before from before 2 2.00 3.60 2.00 3.20 2.00 4,50 3 3.61 6.30 3.21 5.30 4,51 7.00 4 6.31 9.20 5.31 7.20 7.01 10.00 5 9.21 12.00 7.21 9.20 10.01 14.00 6 12.01 14.00 9.21 11.40 - - 7 - - 11.41 14.00 - -

Based on this algorithm, a computer program performs the operations described above. One of three options can be selected, depending on the loading of light, medium or heavy panels. Next, a larger or smaller number of support pads 51 is selected (for example, by the operator of the described installation), while the support pads, which also serve as supports, are made of wood (pallets), polystyrene (styrofoma) and / or other suitable material.

As an example, the data for a panel with a thickness of 80 mm and a mineral wool density of 100 kg / m ³ can be taken from the columns of the “average” table.

Additionally, in a preferred embodiment, control and regulation are provided using a control algorithm using a microprocessor integrated in or connected to the control panel. In this case, the microprocessor uses instructions according to which it performs the following functions:

reads, controls and manages the physical data of the workflow;

sends and controls the data of the order of work, including data on the type and size of a particular product undergoing the processing process;

regulates the traceability data of the material embedded in the product, which is especially important for proving that the materials used in the product being checked for the purpose of obtaining the necessary certificates and / or licenses for the sale of products comply with the established requirements;

registers the presence of errors during the process and establishes their origin, and also performs a statistical analysis of errors by collecting and processing data.

Obviously, variations and details of the implementation of the described invention can be made without changing the essence and scope of the invention.

Claims (29)

1. A lightweight construction panel that contains (a) a cover to protect against external surroundings; (b) shaping means for shaping and strength; (c) mineral wool and / or glass wool aggregate and / or a combination of insulating materials; (b) connecting means for connecting the closing and / or forming means with a filler. 2. The lightweight building panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it has the following characteristics: (a) at least one surface of the lightweight building panel is provided with at least one protrusion and / or at least one rib in the longitudinal direction; (b) the upper and / or lower covering and / or forming means are symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the lightweight building panel; (c) closing and / or forming means are made with ends and / or protrusions to facilitate the connection of adjacent lightweight building panels to each other during assembly installation and / or to overlap with adjacent lightweight construction panels during assembly installation; (ά) The connection between adjacent building panels is facilitated by the use of sealing means. 3. Lightweight construction panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protrusions and / or ribs on the closing and / or forming means are made with the formation of trapezoidal cross sections, while the width of the smaller of the two bases of the trapezoid is from 20 to 30 mm, the internal angle of inclination of the lateral side of the trapezoid is from 23 to 33 °, and the distance between two bases or parallel sides is from 33 to 40 mm. 4. Lightweight construction panel according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the mineral wool, glass wool and / or other insulating material have one of the following density values: (a) from 115 to 135 kg / m ³ for fire-resistant lightweight building panels with appropriate mechanical characteristics; (b) from 135 to 165 kg / m ³ for lightweight building panels used for substantially flat roofs that can be walked on, and also for those panels which must withstand normal operating loads and / or local pressure. 5. Lightweight construction panel according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the combination of insulating materials is made in at least two layers. 6. A device for the continuous manufacture of lightweight building panels with mineral aggregate, said mineral aggregate serving as insulation, and said panels are made by cutting a continuous strip of lightweight construction panel, characterized in that it comprises unwinding means for unwinding closing and / or forming means profiling means for profiling said closing and / or forming means, input means for introducing mineral ribs filler, pre-heating means for heating the tape elements of a lightweight building panel, application means for applying connecting means, a two-tape device (11), cutting tools, cutting and positioning means, designed for cutting and sorting strips (26) with forming a tape (89) strips and / or unloading transporting means for loading lightweight building panels onto support pads (51), while the elements of lightweight building panels contain closing means, shaping means and / or mineral wool and / or a combination of insulating materials attached thereto. 7. A method for the continuous manufacture of lightweight building panels with mineral aggregate, said mineral aggregate serving as insulation, and said panels are made by cutting a continuous strip of lightweight building panels, characterized in that it comprises the following operations: assembling a continuous tape of a lightweight building panel containing elements of a lightweight building panel, including closure means, shaping means and / or mineral wool aggregate and / or a combination of insulating materials, using methods that include unwinding closure and / or shaping means, cutting and positioning strips (26) with the formation of a tape (89) of strips, the introduction of mineral filler ribs, heating of the tape elements of a light construction panel, application of connecting means on the ele cients tape light building panel; connecting the tape elements of a light construction panel inside a two-tape device (11); cutting the tape of a light construction panel into light construction panels of a predetermined length; stack ready-made lightweight building panels on support pads. 8. The method for the continuous manufacture of lightweight building panels according to claim 1 with a mineral aggregate, said mineral aggregate serving as insulation, and said panels are made by cutting a continuous strip of lightweight building panels, characterized in that it allows the manufacture of fireproof lightweight building panels, modules lightweight building panels ranging from 200 to 1200 mm, lightweight building panels using mineral wool aggregates with different characteristics, lightweight troitelnye panels for essentially flat roofs, comprising a strip of flexible material and a protective covering for protection against condensation. 9. The method according to claim 7 and / or 8, characterized in that it includes: (a) unwinding the upper closing and / or forming means using at least one unwinding device (2); (b) unwinding the lower closing and / or forming means using at least one unwinding device (1); (c) replacing sheets with a double carriage at a reduced speed of the tape (89) strips; (b) the installation of tools on cassettes, which provides quick and easy replacement of tools. 10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that (a) the mineral aggregate sheets (81) are cut into strips (26) using a set of at least two circular saws (33); (b) change the direction from essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the strip (26) to substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the strip (26); (c) divide the strips (26) into individual strips or groups thereof using a sorting feeder (84) and unfold the individual strips (26) or groups thereof essentially at a right angle around the center of the turntable (85); (b) transporting individual strips (26) to the sorting feeder (84) at a speed that exceeds the receiving speed of the sorting feeder (84), thereby providing longitudinal contact between the individual strips. 11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that (a) using the separators form a set (86) of strips containing at least two strips separated from each other but aligned along their longitudinal sides, with this specified set (86) of strips is transported during the start-up phase until it reaches the rearrangement device (87), with which help a parquet-like circuit is formed by rearranging the strips; in the process of normal working transportation, until it reaches the previous formed set of strips, which causes the formation of a set (86) of strips with an offset along their longitudinal sides; (b) form a continuous strip (89) of strips, which contains at least two adjacent and connected by their longitudinal sides strips (26), while the specified tape (89) of the strips is driven by at least one lateral guide tape (88), which transmits lateral force, so that the tape (89) of the strips looks like a parquet in a plan view; (c) create a longitudinal force using the lateral guide tape (88), the speed of which exceeds the speed of the tape (89) of the strips. 12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that in order to correct the distorted parquet layout, correction strips (28) are introduced. 13. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that by means of a set of at least two circular saws (33), the mineral aggregate sheet (81) is simultaneously cut into individual strips (26) of a predetermined thickness. 14. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that they use the process of trimming and milling the strip (89) of the strips, which contains at least one of the following operations: (a) trim in the longitudinal direction using at least one circular saw (35); (b) simultaneously cutting using at least two coaxially arranged circular saws (35), and these saws are spaced apart by the width of the strip (89) of strips; (c) destroy the cut edges; (b) milling at least one edge of the strip tape (89) of the strips by means of at least one milling tool (37). 15. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, after milling with the help of suction means, the residues are sucked from the surface of the mineral aggregate. 16. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the application of the connecting means is carried out in a thin layer, while the substantially evenly applied amount of the connecting means does not exceed 500 g / m ² . 17. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the application of the connecting means is carried out essentially uniformly in the form of a film or small drops, essentially across the entire width of the tape (89) of the strips, while the device (9) for applying the adhesive, a layer of connecting means is applied to the upper and / or lower side of the strip (89) of the strips by periodic or oscillatory movement in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the tape (89) of the strips. 18. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the connecting means is an adhesive and (a) the amount of adhesive applied is from 90 to 110 g / m ² or alternatively (b) the use of an adhesive is from 0 , 1 to 0.5 kg / m ² , and the use of water is up to 45% (by weight) of the adhesive; at the same time, the indicated values are valid for an individual layer of adhesive on one of the main sides of the strip (89) of strips, and the adhesive has the following characteristics: viscosity up to 2 Pa-s (Pas29 cal-second); density up to 1500 kg / m ³ ; reaction time in the laboratory: the duration of the reaction in the open air is 15-20 s or the alternative reaction time is more than 64 s; and the exposure time in a two-tape device (11) at a temperature of up to 50 ° C for up to 3 minutes 19. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the two-tape device (11) consists of two parallel tapes of closing and / or forming means supported and / or guided by supporting means, and the tape (89) of the strips is directed inward between these parallel tapes on the side, and the angle formed between the projection of one of the longitudinal edges of the tape (89) of the strips on the lower of two parallel tapes and one of the edges of one of the two parallel tapes, is in the range from 7 to 13 °, while tapes and (89) the strips have no support in front of the entrance to the specified two-tape device (11). 20. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that before entering the two-tape device (11), the tape (89) of the strips has a double bend, while the effect of this double bend on the constituent tape (89) of the strips is individual strips (26 ) is compensated by using at least one of the following elements: longitudinal pushing force created by the speed difference of the transporting means and the tape (89) of the strips; lateral pushing force generated by lateral clamping means along the length of the double bend; at least one alignment roller, which is installed in a plane parallel to the plane of the surface of the strip (89) of the strips, and the center line of the alignment roller is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tape (89) of the strips, so that the alignment roller limits the vertical displacement of two adjacent strips in the composition strips (89) of strips; vertical force, which is transmitted by the two-tape device (11) to the tape (89) of the strips and causes vertical deformation of the individual strips (26) in the composition of the tape (89) of the strips and / or pressing the adhesive into the tape (89) of the strips. 21. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that at least two side chains are simultaneously actuated, the contacting element of the upper chain adjoining due to its shape, limiting and transmitting a driving force through frictional force, at least one upper edge of the upper closing and / or forming means in the composition of the tape of light building panels, and the contacting element of the lower chain adjoins due to its shape, limits and transfers by frictional force the driving force of at least one lower edge of the lower closing and / or forming means in the composition of the tape of light building panels. 22. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the upper closing and / or forming means (21) is guided by the use of contacting elements of at least two upper side chains (13, 14), both of which can adjustable in height to adjust the thickness of a particular fire-resistant lightweight building panel and can be adjusted in width to adjust the various width of a specific lightweight construction panel, and the lower covering and / or forming tool (23, 24, 25) is guided by the use of contacting elements of at least two lower side chains (16, 17), both chains being adjustable in width to adjust to different widths of a particular lightweight building panel, wherein said contacting elements (13, 14, 16, 17) represent profiles that are complementary to the corresponding edge profiles of the closing and / or forming means with which they are in contact. 23. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that lateral protective means are attached along the length of the side surfaces of the strip (89) of the strips to protect the two-tape device (11) from pollution and protect the finished lightweight construction panel from moisture. 24. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the upper closing and / or forming means comprise at least one of the following: soda paper, aluminum sheet, plastic sheet and / or bitumen tape. 25. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the upper closing and / or forming means of flexible material (45) are heated with hot air or another gas at a temperature of from 100 to 200 ° C, while the tape has a thickness from 1 to 5 mm and a feed speed of 3 to 9 m / min, as a result of which the tape is heated to a temperature of 40 to 75 ° C, while the tape (45) is heated in a removable chamber (46) equipped with a suction system (47) for absorption and / or recovery of the specified air and / or other gas, while the tape (45) is coated with will contain at least one of the following substances: (a) from 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m ^{2 of} adhesive for each individual layer; (b) up to 1.5 kg / m ² polyurethane coating; moreover, the specified coating is applied to the surface of the preheated tape (45) at a temperature of from 40 to 50 ° C. 26. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that it contains at least one of the following operations: (a) cutting the tape of a lightweight building panel into lightweight building panels of a predetermined length, the cutting being carried out by means of at least one band saw (12) with a cutting direction from the lower closing and / or forming means to the upper closing and / or forming means , (b) the manufacture of overhangs using a circular saw through the preliminary use of separation means to prevent the connection of the mineral aggregate with closing and / or forming means E. 27. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the packages consisting of a vertical stack of lightweight building panels are installed on at least two support pads (51) that perform the functions of forming a base and / or support and which produce in compliance with at least one of the following characteristics: the support pad (51) at the very end of the bottom panel, acting as the bottom surface of the bag, is offset by a distance of 5 to 20 mm from the edge of this bottom panel; the distance between adjacent support pads (51) is calculated using the following formula: ^ _δ νΕ = ((^ cancer + 2 * Tr _ak ) - (N * ^ roa)) / (N-1), where L _8UE is the distance in the light between the support pads (51), FIG. one FIG. 2 B _cancer - the length of the panels, including a predefined clearance for loading at least two lightweight building panels, B _rob - the length of the support lining (51), N is the number of support pads (51) in the package, Track - the distance from the edge of the support lining to the edge of the panel; while the operator of the specified device selects L _cancer in accordance with the thickness of the BB panels and the density g of the mineral aggregate. 28. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the manufacturing process of lightweight building panels is controlled by microprocessor-based control means and comprises reading, regulating and controlling physical data of the process; direction and control of data on the process execution process, including the size and type of a particular product undergoing the specified process; regulation of traceability data of material embedded in the product; registration of the manifestation of errors during this process. 29. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a condensation protection coating of 2 to 10 mm thick is applied to the lower outer layer of the building panel by expanding the adhesive between the upper tape of flexible material (45) and the lower outer layer of light building panel.