EP1409810A1 - Building element - Google Patents

Building element

Info

Publication number
EP1409810A1
EP1409810A1 EP02758312A EP02758312A EP1409810A1 EP 1409810 A1 EP1409810 A1 EP 1409810A1 EP 02758312 A EP02758312 A EP 02758312A EP 02758312 A EP02758312 A EP 02758312A EP 1409810 A1 EP1409810 A1 EP 1409810A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
building element
element according
building
adhesive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02758312A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Nowack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20114964U external-priority patent/DE20114964U1/en
Application filed by Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH and Co OHG filed Critical Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH and Co OHG
Publication of EP1409810A1 publication Critical patent/EP1409810A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/06—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B32B19/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B19/041—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/358—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation with at least one of the layers being offset with respect to another layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/108—Rockwool fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/20—Zinc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building element for the creation of interior walls, exterior walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consisting of an insulation layer forming an insulation core made of mineral fibers bound with a binder, in particular rock wool bound with a synthetic resin. and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer, which is arranged on a large surface of the insulation layer, an adhesive being arranged between the cover layer and the insulation layer, which glues the cover layer to the insulation layer.
  • Sandwich elements of this type are known from the prior art and are also referred to as sandwich elements.
  • Sandwich elements with metallic cover layers and a non-combustible insulation core, for example made of rock wool, are known in a large number of variants on the market today. Due to the generally used polyurethane adhesives, which connect the insulation core with the cover layers, these sandwich elements cannot be classified in building material class A (non-combustible), so that they only meet the requirements of building material class B1 (flame-retardant) ,
  • sandwich elements with an insulation core made of polyurethane are also classified in building material class B1, it is not immediately apparent to users of these building elements what advantages building elements with an insulation core made of fiber insulation materials have.
  • sandwich elements with an insulating core made of polyurethane are not suitable for classified fire protection solutions F30 - F120. Tests of the sandwich elements with insulating cores made of mineral fibers, in particular stone wool, have been passed several times up to fire protection class F120.
  • both the standardized fire pit test and the standardized furnace test or the determination are required to achieve building material class A. of the lower calorific value of the construction product.
  • the construction product is checked for its smoke release behavior.
  • Organic adhesives based on polyurethane have proven to be suitable for the production of soft sanding elements with an insulating core made of mineral wool and cover layers made of sheet metal, because their simple handling and fast reaction times do not slow down the production process and an additional dormant storage (hardening time) is not necessary.
  • the one- or two-component adhesives usually foam up in order to completely compensate for tolerances in the thickness of the insulation material or the unevenness of the partially profiled cover layers and to fill in unintentional voids between the cover layer and the insulation core.
  • the amount and properties of the foaming adhesives used today deteriorate the excellent non-combustible properties of the insulating core made of mineral fibers (building material class A1) and the metallic cover layers (building material class A2).
  • building material class A1 the insulating core made of mineral fibers
  • building material class A2 the metallic cover layers
  • the calorimetric parameters of the adhesives commonly used today are more than 30 MJ / kg.
  • Usual amounts of adhesive applied per side and per m 2 of the sandwich element are over 0.25 kg. Lower adhesive applications are not possible with building elements according to the state of the art due to the required minimum strengths.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a generic building element in such a way that it can be classified at least into building material class A2.
  • the (organic) adhesive has a calorific value of less than 25 (m) MJ / kg, in particular between 5 and 12 (m) MJ / kg.
  • one- or two-component polyurethane adhesives can be used, such as those offered under the "Casco” or “Teroson” brands.
  • Adhesives of this type are distinguished by the fact that they have a significantly lower calorific value, only up to 12 MJ / kg, than the polyurethane adhesives previously used.
  • the insulating elements forming the insulating layer preferably have a binder content reduced to a necessary minimum, which is dimensioned in such a way that sufficient tensile strength of the individual fibers is ensured under tensile stress and at the same time the required compressibility of the insulating layer is guaranteed.
  • the insulation elements to be used also have very good thickness tolerances, so that the amount of organic adhesive can be reduced to the minimum required. Such insulation elements are offered, for example, by Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG under the "CONROCK" brand. These are large-format rock wool insulation boards.
  • the thickness tolerance in this context describes the thickness of the core material, ie the insulation layer.
  • organically coated metal sheet cover layers make a further contribution to the fire load of the entire building element. If organic anti-corrosion coatings are used, they must be reduced to the required minimum or replaced by non-combustible coating systems. It is therefore preferable to use galvanized or zinc alloy cover sheets made of sheet metal.
  • the cover layers can be smooth or slightly profiled.
  • the adhesive preferably has foaming properties in order to compensate for uneven surfaces of the insulating layer and profile cavities of up to 1.1 mm.
  • the classification into building material class A can take place.
  • supplementary applications in building construction in particular in industrial hall construction, can be opened up, which have not hitherto been achieved due to the classification into building material class B1.
  • Exemplary applications are non-combustible partition walls or facades, fire walls, complex partition walls and non-combustible roof structures that can be created with the building element according to the invention.
  • a building element 1 shown in the drawing for the creation of inner walls, outer walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building consists of an insulating layer 2 which forms an insulating core and consists of mineral fibers bonded with a binder, in particular with a Resin-bonded rock wool and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer 3, which is arranged on a large surface 4 of the insulation layer 2, an adhesive 5 being arranged between the cover layer 3 and the insulation layer 2, which glue the cover layer 3 with the insulation layer 2 bonded.
  • the (organic) adhesive 5 has a calorific value of less than 12 (m) MJ / kg and is designed as a one or two-component polyurethane adhesive.
  • the foaming adhesive 5 is to be applied over the entire surface of the insulation layer 2 or the cover shell 3 in a thickness of 1 mm, a maximum of 4MJ / kg of adhesive 5 being arranged on the insulation layer 2 and / or the cover shell 3.
  • the insulation layer 2 consists of large-format mineral fiber boards.
  • a cover layer 3 is arranged on each of the two large surfaces 4 of the insulation layer 2.
  • the inner layer 3 in the building is in the form of a smooth sheet metal layer 6 and the outer layer 3 in the building is in the form of a profiled sheet layer 7, the sheet layer 7 having a bead geometry.
  • Alternative profiles, such as microlining or other micro structures, can also be used.
  • the sheet metal layers 6, 7 of the two cover layers 3 consist of galvanized and / or a zinc alloy metal plates.
  • the insulation layer 2 can have a fiber course essentially at right angles to the large surfaces 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a building element for constructing inner walls, outer walls, and/or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, comprising an insulating layer forming an insulating core and consisting of mineral fibres which are bonded by means of a bonding agent, especially rock wool and or glass wool fibres which are bonded by a synthetic resin, and at least one metallic covering layer which is arranged on a large surface of the insulating layer. An adhesive element is arranged between the covering layer and the insulating layer, which adheres the covering layer to the insulating layer. In order to further develop one such building element in such a way that it can be classed in at least construction material class A2, the organic adhesive element (5) has a useful output of less than 25 MJ/kg, especially between 5 and 12 MJ/kg.

Description

Gebäudeelement building element
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gebäudeelement für die Erstellung von Innenwänden, Aussenwände und/oder Decken bzw. Dächern, vorzugsweise flachen oder gering geneigten Dächern eines Gebäudes, bestehend aus einer einen Dämmkern bildenden Dämmschicht aus mit einem Bindemittel gebundenen Mineralfasern, insbesondere mit einem Kunstharz gebundenen Steinwolle- und/oder Glaswollefasern, und zumindest einer metallischen Deckschicht, die auf einer großen Oberfläche der Dämmschicht angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen der Deckschicht und der Dämmschicht ein Kleber angeordnet ist, der die Deckschicht mit der Dämmschicht verklebt.The invention relates to a building element for the creation of interior walls, exterior walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consisting of an insulation layer forming an insulation core made of mineral fibers bound with a binder, in particular rock wool bound with a synthetic resin. and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer, which is arranged on a large surface of the insulation layer, an adhesive being arranged between the cover layer and the insulation layer, which glues the cover layer to the insulation layer.
Derartige Gebäudeelemente sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und werden auch als Sandwichelemente bezeichnet. Sandwichelemente mit metallischen Deckschichten und einem nichtbrennbaren Dämmkern, beispielsweise aus Steinwolle, sind heute in einer Vielzahl von Varianten im Markt bekannt. Aufgrund der in der Regel eingesetzten Polyurethan-Klebstoffe, die den Dämmkern mit den Deckschichten verbinden, können diese Sandwichelemente nicht in die Baustoff kl asse A (nichtbrennbar) eingestuft werden, so dass sie nur die Anforderungen der Bau- stoffklasse B1 (schwer entflammbar) erfüllen.Building elements of this type are known from the prior art and are also referred to as sandwich elements. Sandwich elements with metallic cover layers and a non-combustible insulation core, for example made of rock wool, are known in a large number of variants on the market today. Due to the generally used polyurethane adhesives, which connect the insulation core with the cover layers, these sandwich elements cannot be classified in building material class A (non-combustible), so that they only meet the requirements of building material class B1 (flame-retardant) ,
Da derartige Sandwichelemente mit einem Dämmkern aus Polyurethan (PUR) ebenfalls in die Baustoffklasse B1 eingestuft sind, ist es für Anwender dieser Gebäudeelemente nicht ohne weiteres erkennbar, welche Vorteile Gebäudeelemente mit einem Dämmkern aus Faserdämmstoffen haben. So sind Sandwichelemente mit einem Dämmkern aus Polyurethan im Gegensatz zu Sandwichelemente mit einem Kern aus Faserdämmstoffen nicht für klassifizierte Brandschutzlösungen F30 - F120 geeignet. Prüfungen der Sandwichelemente mit Dämmkernen aus Mineralfasern, insbesondere aus Steinwolle wurden inzwischen mehrfach bis zur Brandschutzklasse F120 bestanden.Since such sandwich elements with an insulation core made of polyurethane (PUR) are also classified in building material class B1, it is not immediately apparent to users of these building elements what advantages building elements with an insulation core made of fiber insulation materials have. In contrast to sandwich elements with a core made of fiber insulation, sandwich elements with an insulating core made of polyurethane are not suitable for classified fire protection solutions F30 - F120. Tests of the sandwich elements with insulating cores made of mineral fibers, in particular stone wool, have been passed several times up to fire protection class F120.
Zur Erlangung der Baustoffklasse A sind nach DIN 4102 Teil 1 sowohl der genormte Brandschachttest als auch der genormte Ofentest oder die Bestimmung des unteren Brennwertes des Bauproduktes zu bestehen. Zusätzlich wird das Bauprodukt noch auf sein Rauchfreisetzungsverhalten überprüft.According to DIN 4102 Part 1, both the standardized fire pit test and the standardized furnace test or the determination are required to achieve building material class A. of the lower calorific value of the construction product. In addition, the construction product is checked for its smoke release behavior.
Organische Kleber auf Polyurethanbasis haben sich zur Herstellung von Sand- Wichelementen mit einem Dämmkern aus Mineralwolle und Deckschichten aus Blechtafeln als geeignet erwiesen, weil durch deren einfache Handhabung und der schnellen Reaktionszeiten der Produktionsablauf nicht gebremst und eine zusätzliche ruhende Lagerung (Härtungszeit) nicht erforderlich ist.Organic adhesives based on polyurethane have proven to be suitable for the production of soft sanding elements with an insulating core made of mineral wool and cover layers made of sheet metal, because their simple handling and fast reaction times do not slow down the production process and an additional dormant storage (hardening time) is not necessary.
Die Ein - oder Zweikomponentenkleber schäumen in der Regel auf, um Toleranzen in der Dicke des Dämmstoffes oder die Unebenheiten der zum Teil profilierten Deckschichten vollständig auszugleichen und unbeabsichtigte Hohlräume zwischen Deckschicht und Dämmstoffkern zu verfüllen.The one- or two-component adhesives usually foam up in order to completely compensate for tolerances in the thickness of the insulation material or the unevenness of the partially profiled cover layers and to fill in unintentional voids between the cover layer and the insulation core.
Menge und Eigenschaft der heute verwendeten aufschäumenden Kleber verschlechtern allerdings die hervorragenden nichtbrennbaren Eigenschaften des Dämmstoffkerns aus Mineralfasern (Baustoffklasse A1) und der metallischen Deckschichten (Baustoffklasse A2). Mit der Verwendung organischer Kleber werden in das Sandwichelement Brandlasten implementiert, die eine Einstufung in die Baustoffklasse A nach deutscher Brandschutznorm gemäß DIN 4102 nicht mehr zulassen. Typischerweise liegen die kalorimetrischen Kennwerte der heute gebräuchlichen Kleber bei mehr als 30 MJ/kg. Übliche Kleberauftragsmengen pro Seite und pro m2 des Sandwichelementes liegen bei über 0,25 kg. Geringere Kleberaufträge sind bei Gebäudeelementen gemäß dem Stand der Technik aufgrund der geforderten Mindestfestigkeiten nicht möglich.However, the amount and properties of the foaming adhesives used today deteriorate the excellent non-combustible properties of the insulating core made of mineral fibers (building material class A1) and the metallic cover layers (building material class A2). With the use of organic adhesives, fire loads are implemented in the sandwich element, which no longer allow a classification in building material class A according to the German fire protection standard according to DIN 4102. Typically, the calorimetric parameters of the adhesives commonly used today are more than 30 MJ / kg. Usual amounts of adhesive applied per side and per m 2 of the sandwich element are over 0.25 kg. Lower adhesive applications are not possible with building elements according to the state of the art due to the required minimum strengths.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die A u f g a b e zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Gebäudeelement derart weiterzuentwickeln, das eine Einstufung zumindest in die Baustoffklasse A2 möglich ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a generic building element in such a way that it can be classified at least into building material class A2.
Die L ö s u n g dieser Aufgabenstellung sieht bei einem gattungsgemäßen Gebäudeelement vor, dass der (organische) Kleber einen Brennwert von weniger als 25 (m)MJ/kg, insbesondere zwischen 5 und 12 (m)MJ/kg aufweist. Zu diesem Zweck können beispielsweise ein- bzw. zweikomponentige Polyurethan-Kleber eingesetzt werden, wie sie beispielsweise unter den Marken „Cas- co" oder „Teroson" angeboten werden. Derartige Kleber zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie einen deutlich geringeren Brennwert aufweisen lediglich bis 12 MJ/kg als die bisher verwendeten Polyurethan-Kleber.The solution to this problem in a generic building element provides that the (organic) adhesive has a calorific value of less than 25 (m) MJ / kg, in particular between 5 and 12 (m) MJ / kg. For this purpose, for example, one- or two-component polyurethane adhesives can be used, such as those offered under the "Casco" or "Teroson" brands. Adhesives of this type are distinguished by the fact that they have a significantly lower calorific value, only up to 12 MJ / kg, than the polyurethane adhesives previously used.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteranprü- chen und werden nachfolgend erläutert.Further features and advantages of the invention result from the subclaims and are explained below.
Vorzugsweise weisen die die Dämmschicht bildenden Dämmelemente einen auf ein notwendiges Minimum reduzierten Bindemittelgehalt auf, der so bemessen wird, dass bei Zugbeanspruchung ein ausreichender Zusammenhalt der einzelnen Fasern gewährleistet ist und gleichzeitige die erforderliche Kompressibilität der Dämmschicht garantiert ist. Die zu verwendenden Dämmelemente weisen zusätzlich sehr gute Dickentoleranzen auf, so dass die Menge der organischen Kleber auf das erforderliche Minimum reduziert werden kann. Derartige Dämmelemente werden beispielsweise von der Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG unter der Marke „CONROCK" angeboten. Hierbei handelt es sich um großformati- ge Steinwolle-Dämmstoffplatten. Die Dickentoleranz beschreibt in diesem Zusammenhang die Dicke des Kernmaterials, somit der Dämmschicht.The insulating elements forming the insulating layer preferably have a binder content reduced to a necessary minimum, which is dimensioned in such a way that sufficient tensile strength of the individual fibers is ensured under tensile stress and at the same time the required compressibility of the insulating layer is guaranteed. The insulation elements to be used also have very good thickness tolerances, so that the amount of organic adhesive can be reduced to the minimum required. Such insulation elements are offered, for example, by Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG under the "CONROCK" brand. These are large-format rock wool insulation boards. The thickness tolerance in this context describes the thickness of the core material, ie the insulation layer.
Zur Herstellung eines nichtbrennbaren Gebäudeelementes mit metallischen Deckschichten und einem Dämmkern aus Steinwolle können heute Dämmplatten ver- wendet werden, die geringste Dickentoleranzen aufweisen. Glatte metallische Deckschichten in Form von Blechen gewährleisten ein vollflächiges Aufliegen auf dem normalerweise unkaschierten nichtbrennbaren Dämmkern aus Steinwollefasern. Werden profilierte Bleche verwendet (Sickengeometrie, Mikrolinierungen, MikroStrukturen) so ist es nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgese- hen, dass der Abstand zwischen der Deckschicht und der Oberfläche des Dämmkerns an keiner Stelle mehr als 1 ,1 mm aufweist. Die Menge der organischen Kleber (Brennwert von maximal 15 mJ/kg) wird zusätzlich auf 0,3 kg/m2 eingestellt. Weiterhin ist zu berücksichtigen, dass organisch beschichtete Deckschichten aus Metallblechen einen weiteren Beitrag zur Brandlast des gesamten Gebäudeelementes beitragen. Werden organische Anti-Korrosionsbeschichtungen verwendet, so sind diese auf das erforderliche Minimum zu reduzieren oder durch nichtbrenn- bare Beschichtungssysteme zu ersetzen. Vorzugsweise werden daher verzinkte oder mit Zinklegierungen versehene Deckschichten aus Metallblechen eingesetzt.Today, insulation boards with the smallest thickness tolerances can be used to manufacture a non-combustible building element with metallic cover layers and an insulation core made of rock wool. Smooth metallic cover layers in the form of metal sheets ensure that the entire surface of the non-combustible, non-combustible insulation core made of stone wool fibers is in full contact. If profiled sheets are used (bead geometry, microlining, microstructures), it is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the distance between the cover layer and the surface of the insulating core is never more than 1.1 mm at any point. The amount of organic glue (calorific value of maximum 15 mJ / kg) is additionally set to 0.3 kg / m 2 . It should also be borne in mind that organically coated metal sheet cover layers make a further contribution to the fire load of the entire building element. If organic anti-corrosion coatings are used, they must be reduced to the required minimum or replaced by non-combustible coating systems. It is therefore preferable to use galvanized or zinc alloy cover sheets made of sheet metal.
Die Deckschichten können glatt oder leicht profiliert ausgebildet sein. Der Kleber weist vorzugsweise aufschäumende Eigenschaften auf, um Oberflächenuneben- heiten der Dämmschicht und Profilhohlräume von bis zu 1 ,1 mm auszugleichen.The cover layers can be smooth or slightly profiled. The adhesive preferably has foaming properties in order to compensate for uneven surfaces of the insulating layer and profile cavities of up to 1.1 mm.
Durch das überraschend optimale Zusammenwirken von Dämmstoffkern aus Mineralfasern, Deckschichten aus Metallblechen und den erfindungsgemäß zwischen dem Dämmstoffkern und den Deckschichten angeordneten Klebern kann die Einstufung in die Baustoffklasse A erfolgen.Due to the surprisingly optimal interaction of the insulation core made of mineral fibers, cover layers made of sheet metal and the adhesives arranged according to the invention between the insulation core and the cover layers, the classification into building material class A can take place.
Mit derartigen Gebäudeelementen können ergänzende Anwendungen im Gebäudebau, insbesondere im Industriehallenbau erschlossen werden, die bislang aufgrund der Einstufung in die Baustoffklasse B1 nicht erreicht wurden. Beispielhafte Anwendungen sind nichtbrennbar ausgeschriebene Trennwände oder Fassaden, Brandwände, Komplextrennwände und nicht nichtbrennbare Dachkonstruktionen, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Gebäudeelement erstellbar sind.With building elements of this type, supplementary applications in building construction, in particular in industrial hall construction, can be opened up, which have not hitherto been achieved due to the classification into building material class B1. Exemplary applications are non-combustible partition walls or facades, fire walls, complex partition walls and non-combustible roof structures that can be created with the building element according to the invention.
Der Nachweis der Nichtbrennbarkeit (A2) wurde beispielsweise mit Gebäudeele- menten mit einem Dämmstoffkern aus „Conrock-Platte" erbracht. Denkbar sind aber auch andere Dämmplatten, beispielsweise großformatige Platten oder Kernmaterialien (Dämmplatten) mit Lamellenaufbau, die mit höchster Präzision gefertigt werden.Proof of non-combustibility (A2) was provided, for example, with building elements with an insulation core made of "Conrock panel". Other insulation panels, for example large-format panels or core materials (insulation panels) with lamellar structures, which are manufactured with the highest precision, are also conceivable.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnung, in der eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines Gebäudeelementes in geschnitten dargestellter Seitenansicht dargestellt ist. Ein in der Zeichnung dargestelltes Gebäudeelement 1 für die Erstellung von Innenwänden, Aussenwände und/oder Decken bzw. Dächern, vorzugsweise flachen oder gering geneigten Dächern eines Gebäudes besteht aus einer einen Dämm- kern bildenden Dämmschicht 2 aus mit einem Bindemittel gebundenen Mineralfasern, insbesondere mit einem Kunstharz gebundenen Steinwolle- und/oder Glaswollefasern, und zumindest einer metallischen Deckschicht 3, die auf einer großen Oberfläche 4 der Dämmschicht 2angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen der Deckschicht 3 und der Dämmschicht 2 ein Kleber 5 angeordnet ist, der die Deckschicht 3 mit der Dämmschicht 2 verklebt. Der (organische) Kleber 5 weist einen Brennwert von weniger als 12 (m)MJ/kg auf und ist als ein bzw. zweikomponentiger Polyurethan-Kleber ausgebildet.Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred embodiment of a building element is shown in a sectional side view. A building element 1 shown in the drawing for the creation of inner walls, outer walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consists of an insulating layer 2 which forms an insulating core and consists of mineral fibers bonded with a binder, in particular with a Resin-bonded rock wool and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer 3, which is arranged on a large surface 4 of the insulation layer 2, an adhesive 5 being arranged between the cover layer 3 and the insulation layer 2, which glue the cover layer 3 with the insulation layer 2 bonded. The (organic) adhesive 5 has a calorific value of less than 12 (m) MJ / kg and is designed as a one or two-component polyurethane adhesive.
Der aufschäumend ausgebildete Kleber 5 ist möglichst vollflächig auf der Dämm- schicht 2 oder der Deckschale 3 in einer Dicke von 1 mm aufzutragen, wobei auf der Dämmschicht 2 und/oder der Deckschale 3 maximal 4MJ/kg Kleber 5 angeordnet ist.The foaming adhesive 5 is to be applied over the entire surface of the insulation layer 2 or the cover shell 3 in a thickness of 1 mm, a maximum of 4MJ / kg of adhesive 5 being arranged on the insulation layer 2 and / or the cover shell 3.
Die Dämmschicht 2 besteht aus großformatigen Mineralfaserplatten. Auf beiden großen Oberflächen 4 der Dämmschicht 2 ist jeweils eine Deckschicht 3 angeordnet. Die im Gebäude innenliegende Deckschicht 3 ist als glatte Blechlage 6 und die im Gebäude aussenliegende Deckschicht 3 als profilierte Blechlage 7 ausgebildet ist, wobei die Blechlage 7 eine Sickengeometrie aufweist. Alternative Profilierungen, wie beispielsweise eine Mikrolinierung oder andere MikroStrukturen sind ebenfalls verwendbar.The insulation layer 2 consists of large-format mineral fiber boards. A cover layer 3 is arranged on each of the two large surfaces 4 of the insulation layer 2. The inner layer 3 in the building is in the form of a smooth sheet metal layer 6 and the outer layer 3 in the building is in the form of a profiled sheet layer 7, the sheet layer 7 having a bead geometry. Alternative profiles, such as microlining or other micro structures, can also be used.
Die Blechlagen 6, 7 der beiden Deckschichten 3 bestehen aus verzinkten und/oder eine Zinklegierung aufweisenden Metalltafeln.The sheet metal layers 6, 7 of the two cover layers 3 consist of galvanized and / or a zinc alloy metal plates.
Die Dämmschicht 2 kann einen Faserverlauf im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zu den großen Oberflächen 4 aufweisen. The insulation layer 2 can have a fiber course essentially at right angles to the large surfaces 4.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Gebäudeelement für die Erstellung von Innenwänden, Aussenwände und/oder Decken bzw. Dächern, vorzugsweise flachen oder gering geneigten Dächern eines Gebäudes, bestehend aus einer einen Dämmkern bildenden Dämmschicht aus mit einem Bindemittel gebundenen Mineralfasern, insbesondere mit einem Kunstharz gebundenen Steinwolle- und/oder Glaswollefasern, und zumindest einer metallischen Deckschicht, die auf einer großen Oberfläche der Dämmschicht angeordnet ist, wobei zwischen der Deckschicht und der Dämmschicht ein Kleber angeordnet ist, der die Deckschicht mit der Dämmschicht verklebt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der organische Kleber (5) einen Brennwert von weniger als 25 MJ/kg, insbesondere zwischen 5 und 12 MJ/kg aufweist.1. Building element for the creation of inner walls, outer walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consisting of an insulating layer forming an insulating core made of mineral fibers bonded with a binder, in particular rock wool and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer, which is arranged on a large surface of the insulation layer, an adhesive being arranged between the cover layer and the insulation layer, which glues the cover layer to the insulation layer, characterized in that the organic adhesive (5) unites Has a calorific value of less than 25 MJ / kg, in particular between 5 and 12 MJ / kg.
2. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kleber (5) ein ein-, zwei- oder mehrkomponentiger Polyurethan- Kleber ist.2. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) is a one-, two- or multi-component polyurethane adhesive.
3. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kleber(5) möglichst vollflächig auf der Dämmschicht (2) in einer Dicke von maximal 2 mm, insbesondere von weniger als 1,1 mm aufgetragen ist.3. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) is applied over the entire surface of the insulating layer (2) in a thickness of at most 2 mm, in particular less than 1.1 mm.
4. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Dämmschicht (2) und der Deckschicht (3) maximal 0,5, insbesondere 0,3 kg/m2 Kleber (5) aufgetragen sind.4. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that a maximum of 0.5, in particular 0.3 kg / m 2 of adhesive (5) is applied between the insulation layer (2) and the cover layer (3).
5. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kleber (5) aufschäumend ausgebildet ist. 5. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) is foaming.
6. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämmschicht (2) aus großformatigen Mineralfaserplatten oder aus Mineralfaserlamellen besteht.6. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (2) consists of large-format mineral fiber plates or mineral fiber lamellae.
7. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämmschicht (2) eine Dickentoleranz von maximal 1 mm aufweist.7. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (2) has a thickness tolerance of at most 1 mm.
8. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Deckschicht (3) aus glatten, profilierten, insbesondere eine Sickengeometrie, eine Mikrolinierung oder andere MikroStrukturen aufweisenden Blechelementen besteht.8. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover layer (3) consists of smooth, profiled, in particular a bead geometry, a microlining or other microstructures having sheet metal elements.
9. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Deckschicht (3) aus gegen Korrosion geschützten, insbesondere ver- zinkten und/oder eine Zinklegierung aufweisenden Blechen besteht.9. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the covering layer (3) consists of sheets which are protected against corrosion, in particular galvanized and / or have a zinc alloy.
10. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämmschicht (2) auf beiden großen Oberflächen (4) eine Deck- schicht (3) aufweist, von denen eine Deckschicht (3), insbesondere die im Gebäude innenliegende Deckschicht (3) als glatte Blechlage (6) und die zweite Deckschicht (3), insbesondere die im Gebäude aussenliegende Deckschicht (3) als profilierte Blechlage (7) ausgebildet ist.10. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation layer (2) on both large surfaces (4) has a cover layer (3), of which a cover layer (3), in particular the inside cover layer (3) in the building as smooth sheet metal layer (6) and the second cover layer (3), in particular the cover layer (3) lying outside in the building, is designed as a profiled sheet metal layer (7).
11. Gebäudeelement nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämmschicht (2) einen Faserverlauf im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zu den großen Oberflächen aufweist. 11. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (2) has a fiber course substantially perpendicular to the large surfaces.
EP02758312A 2001-07-26 2002-07-05 Building element Withdrawn EP1409810A1 (en)

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DE20112344U 2001-07-26
DE20112344 2001-07-26
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DE20114964U DE20114964U1 (en) 2001-07-26 2001-09-11 building element
PCT/EP2002/007449 WO2003010398A1 (en) 2001-07-26 2002-07-05 Building element

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FR3032909B1 (en) * 2015-02-19 2017-02-17 Saint Gobain Isover Iberica S L ELEMENT WITH REACTION TO REINFORCED FIRE, AIR CONDUIT COMPRISING SAID ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE

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IT1266174B1 (en) * 1994-07-18 1996-12-23 Isolpack Ceria Spa INSULATING PANEL FOR BUILDING
SI9800066A (en) * 1998-03-04 1999-12-31 Trimo D.D. Lightweight building panel, procedure and device for serial production of lightweight building panels with mineral filler core

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