WO2003010398A1

WO2003010398A1 - Building element

Info

Publication number: WO2003010398A1
Application number: PCT/EP2002/007449
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Nowack
Original assignee: Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg
Priority date: 2001-07-26
Filing date: 2002-07-05
Publication date: 2003-02-06
Also published as: EP1409810A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a building element for constructing inner walls, outer walls, and/or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, comprising an insulating layer forming an insulating core and consisting of mineral fibres which are bonded by means of a bonding agent, especially rock wool and or glass wool fibres which are bonded by a synthetic resin, and at least one metallic covering layer which is arranged on a large surface of the insulating layer. An adhesive element is arranged between the covering layer and the insulating layer, which adheres the covering layer to the insulating layer. In order to further develop one such building element in such a way that it can be classed in at least construction material class A2, the organic adhesive element (5) has a useful output of less than 25 MJ/kg, especially between 5 and 12 MJ/kg.

Description

building element

The invention relates to a building element for the creation of interior walls, exterior walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consisting of an insulation layer forming an insulation core made of mineral fibers bound with a binder, in particular rock wool bound with a synthetic resin. and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer, which is arranged on a large surface of the insulation layer, an adhesive being arranged between the cover layer and the insulation layer, which glues the cover layer to the insulation layer.

Building elements of this type are known from the prior art and are also referred to as sandwich elements. Sandwich elements with metallic cover layers and a non-combustible insulation core, for example made of rock wool, are known in a large number of variants on the market today. Due to the generally used polyurethane adhesives, which connect the insulation core with the cover layers, these sandwich elements cannot be classified in building material class A (non-combustible), so that they only meet the requirements of building material class B1 (flame-retardant) ,

Since such sandwich elements with an insulation core made of polyurethane (PUR) are also classified in building material class B1, it is not immediately apparent to users of these building elements what advantages building elements with an insulation core made of fiber insulation materials have. In contrast to sandwich elements with a core made of fiber insulation, sandwich elements with an insulating core made of polyurethane are not suitable for classified fire protection solutions F30 - F120. Tests of the sandwich elements with insulating cores made of mineral fibers, in particular stone wool, have been passed several times up to fire protection class F120.

According to DIN 4102 Part 1, both the standardized fire pit test and the standardized furnace test or the determination are required to achieve building material class A. of the lower calorific value of the construction product. In addition, the construction product is checked for its smoke release behavior.

Organic adhesives based on polyurethane have proven to be suitable for the production of soft sanding elements with an insulating core made of mineral wool and cover layers made of sheet metal, because their simple handling and fast reaction times do not slow down the production process and an additional dormant storage (hardening time) is not necessary.

The one- or two-component adhesives usually foam up in order to completely compensate for tolerances in the thickness of the insulation material or the unevenness of the partially profiled cover layers and to fill in unintentional voids between the cover layer and the insulation core.

However, the amount and properties of the foaming adhesives used today deteriorate the excellent non-combustible properties of the insulating core made of mineral fibers (building material class A1) and the metallic cover layers (building material class A2). With the use of organic adhesives, fire loads are implemented in the sandwich element, which no longer allow a classification in building material class A according to the German fire protection standard according to DIN 4102. Typically, the calorimetric parameters of the adhesives commonly used today are more than 30 MJ / kg. Usual amounts of adhesive applied per side and per m ^{2 of} the sandwich element are over 0.25 kg. Lower adhesive applications are not possible with building elements according to the state of the art due to the required minimum strengths.

The invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a generic building element in such a way that it can be classified at least into building material class A2.

The solution to this problem in a generic building element provides that the (organic) adhesive has a calorific value of less than 25 (m) MJ / kg, in particular between 5 and 12 (m) MJ / kg. For this purpose, for example, one- or two-component polyurethane adhesives can be used, such as those offered under the "Casco" or "Teroson" brands. Adhesives of this type are distinguished by the fact that they have a significantly lower calorific value, only up to 12 MJ / kg, than the polyurethane adhesives previously used.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the subclaims and are explained below.

The insulating elements forming the insulating layer preferably have a binder content reduced to a necessary minimum, which is dimensioned in such a way that sufficient tensile strength of the individual fibers is ensured under tensile stress and at the same time the required compressibility of the insulating layer is guaranteed. The insulation elements to be used also have very good thickness tolerances, so that the amount of organic adhesive can be reduced to the minimum required. Such insulation elements are offered, for example, by Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH & Co. OHG under the "CONROCK" brand. These are large-format rock wool insulation boards. The thickness tolerance in this context describes the thickness of the core material, ie the insulation layer.

Today, insulation boards with the smallest thickness tolerances can be used to manufacture a non-combustible building element with metallic cover layers and an insulation core made of rock wool. Smooth metallic cover layers in the form of metal sheets ensure that the entire surface of the non-combustible, non-combustible insulation core made of stone wool fibers is in full contact. If profiled sheets are used (bead geometry, microlining, microstructures), it is provided according to a further feature of the invention that the distance between the cover layer and the surface of the insulating core is never more than 1.1 mm at any point. The amount of organic glue (calorific value of maximum 15 mJ / kg) is additionally set to 0.3 kg / m ² . It should also be borne in mind that organically coated metal sheet cover layers make a further contribution to the fire load of the entire building element. If organic anti-corrosion coatings are used, they must be reduced to the required minimum or replaced by non-combustible coating systems. It is therefore preferable to use galvanized or zinc alloy cover sheets made of sheet metal.

The cover layers can be smooth or slightly profiled. The adhesive preferably has foaming properties in order to compensate for uneven surfaces of the insulating layer and profile cavities of up to 1.1 mm.

Due to the surprisingly optimal interaction of the insulation core made of mineral fibers, cover layers made of sheet metal and the adhesives arranged according to the invention between the insulation core and the cover layers, the classification into building material class A can take place.

With building elements of this type, supplementary applications in building construction, in particular in industrial hall construction, can be opened up, which have not hitherto been achieved due to the classification into building material class B1. Exemplary applications are non-combustible partition walls or facades, fire walls, complex partition walls and non-combustible roof structures that can be created with the building element according to the invention.

Proof of non-combustibility (A2) was provided, for example, with building elements with an insulation core made of "Conrock panel". Other insulation panels, for example large-format panels or core materials (insulation panels) with lamellar structures, which are manufactured with the highest precision, are also conceivable.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred embodiment of a building element is shown in a sectional side view. A building element 1 shown in the drawing for the creation of inner walls, outer walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consists of an insulating layer 2 which forms an insulating core and consists of mineral fibers bonded with a binder, in particular with a Resin-bonded rock wool and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer 3, which is arranged on a large surface 4 of the insulation layer 2, an adhesive 5 being arranged between the cover layer 3 and the insulation layer 2, which glue the cover layer 3 with the insulation layer 2 bonded. The (organic) adhesive 5 has a calorific value of less than 12 (m) MJ / kg and is designed as a one or two-component polyurethane adhesive.

The foaming adhesive 5 is to be applied over the entire surface of the insulation layer 2 or the cover shell 3 in a thickness of 1 mm, a maximum of 4MJ / kg of adhesive 5 being arranged on the insulation layer 2 and / or the cover shell 3.

The insulation layer 2 consists of large-format mineral fiber boards. A cover layer 3 is arranged on each of the two large surfaces 4 of the insulation layer 2. The inner layer 3 in the building is in the form of a smooth sheet metal layer 6 and the outer layer 3 in the building is in the form of a profiled sheet layer 7, the sheet layer 7 having a bead geometry. Alternative profiles, such as microlining or other micro structures, can also be used.

The sheet metal layers 6, 7 of the two cover layers 3 consist of galvanized and / or a zinc alloy metal plates.

The insulation layer 2 can have a fiber course essentially at right angles to the large surfaces 4.

Claims

Expectations

1. Building element for the creation of inner walls, outer walls and / or ceilings or roofs, preferably flat or slightly inclined roofs of a building, consisting of an insulating layer forming an insulating core made of mineral fibers bonded with a binder, in particular rock wool and / or glass wool fibers, and at least one metallic cover layer, which is arranged on a large surface of the insulation layer, an adhesive being arranged between the cover layer and the insulation layer, which glues the cover layer to the insulation layer, characterized in that the organic adhesive (5) unites Has a calorific value of less than 25 MJ / kg, in particular between 5 and 12 MJ / kg.

2. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) is a one-, two- or multi-component polyurethane adhesive.

3. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) is applied over the entire surface of the insulating layer (2) in a thickness of at most 2 mm, in particular less than 1.1 mm.

4. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that a maximum of 0.5, in particular 0.3 kg / m ^{2 of} adhesive (5) is applied between the insulation layer (2) and the cover layer (3).

5. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive (5) is foaming.

6. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (2) consists of large-format mineral fiber plates or mineral fiber lamellae.

7. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (2) has a thickness tolerance of at most 1 mm.

8. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover layer (3) consists of smooth, profiled, in particular a bead geometry, a microlining or other microstructures having sheet metal elements.

9. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the covering layer (3) consists of sheets which are protected against corrosion, in particular galvanized and / or have a zinc alloy.

10. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation layer (2) on both large surfaces (4) has a cover layer (3), of which a cover layer (3), in particular the inside cover layer (3) in the building as smooth sheet metal layer (6) and the second cover layer (3), in particular the cover layer (3) lying outside in the building, is designed as a profiled sheet metal layer (7).

11. Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating layer (2) has a fiber course substantially perpendicular to the large surfaces.