DK2527880T3 - Deklinationskompensation til seismiske undersøgelser - Google Patents

Deklinationskompensation til seismiske undersøgelser Download PDF

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DK2527880T3
DK2527880T3 DK12168832.9T DK12168832T DK2527880T3 DK 2527880 T3 DK2527880 T3 DK 2527880T3 DK 12168832 T DK12168832 T DK 12168832T DK 2527880 T3 DK2527880 T3 DK 2527880T3
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vessel
declination
measurements
geomagnetic field
seismic
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Phillip Roberts
Robert Fischer
Noel Zinn
Curt Schneider
Joseph R Gagliardi
Shawn Rice
John Grant
Kevin Simpson
Timothy A Dudley
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Ion Geophysical Corp
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09J197/00—Adhesives based on lignin-containing materials
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/003—Seismic data acquisition in general, e.g. survey design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/60—Analysis
    • G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
    • G01V2210/616—Data from specific type of measurement
    • G01V2210/6163—Electromagnetic
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Claims (15)

1. Fremgangsmåde til seismiske undersøgelser der omfatter: at kalibrere (602, 630) et deklinometer (520) på et fartøj (30), hvilket deklinometer omfatter: et magnetometer (550), en inertimåleenhed (560) og en kursmåleindretning til et globalt positioneringssystem (570); at opnå (604) et eller flere seismiske signaler over en tidsperiode og over et rumligt område med en eller flere seismiske sensorer (70) i et undersøgelsesområde ved at trække mindst en streamer (60) med den ene eller de nævnte flere seismiske sensorer (70), bag fartøjet (30); at opnå (606) en eller flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger i forhold til den ene eller de nævnte flere seismiske sensorer (70) fra en eller flere geomagnetiske kursmåleindretninger (65) der er forbundet med den ene eller de nævnte flere seismiske sensorer (70), hvilken ene eller nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger er underlagt variationer i deklination over den tidsmæssige periode og over det rumlige område; at måle (608) tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre under den seismiske undersøgelse for at tage højde for variationer i deklination over tidsperioden og over det rumlige område ved at opnå positionsmålinger og geomagnetiske feltmålinger ved fartøjet (30) ved hjælp af det kalibrerede deklinometer; at korrigere (610, 646, 700) over den tidsmæssige periode og over det rumlige område det ene eller de nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger baseret på de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre; og at korrelerer (716) over den tidsmæssige periode og over det rumlige område, det eller de korrigerede geomagnetiske feltmålinger med det ene eller de nævnte flere seismiske signaler.
2. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 1, hvori måling af de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre omfatter at opnå en eller flere basis-geomagnetiske feltmålinger fra en eller flere basispositioner (670) og at interpolere (672) de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre, der er baseret derpå; og eventuelt hvor den ene eller de nævnte flere basispositioner (670) er rumligt adskilte fra den ene eller de nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger, og hvor den eller de nævnte flere base-geomagnetiske feltmålinger opnås over tid.
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1 eller 2, hvor måling af de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre omfatter: at opnå (608) globale positioneringssystemmålinger som positionsmålinger af fartøjet (30) og at bestemme en første geodætisk pejling af fartøjet (30) ud fra de globale positioneringssystemmålinger ved fartøjet (30); at bestemme en anden geodætisk pejling af fartøjet (30) fra de geomagnetiske feltmålinger ved fartøjet (30); at beregne en forskel mellem de første og anden geodætiske pejlinger, og eventuelt yderligere at omfatte kompensering (608) for bevægelse af fartøjet (30), der er opnået fra trekomponent-inertimålinger af fartøjet (30).
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, 2 eller 3, hvor det at opnå den ene eller de nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger i forhold til den ene eller de nævnte flere seismiske sensorer (70) omfatter at opnå en eller flere aflæsninger af et kompas (65) på den mindst ene streamer (60).
5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 4, hvor kalibrering af deklinometeret (520) på fartøjet (30) omfatter: at krydse gennem et kalibreringsmønster (620, 625) med deklinometeret (520) i undersøgelsesområdet; og eventuelt omfatter at supplere (644, 650) kalibreringen med en eller flere forudsagte deklinationer af undersøgelsesområdet, der er interpoleret ud fra en eller flere basisstationer (670).
6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 4, hvor kalibrering af deklinometeret (520) på fartøjet (30) omfatter: at krydse gennem et mønster (620, 625) i det geomagnetiske felt med fartøjet (30) i undersøgelsesområdet; at opnå (550) et antal magnetometermålinger under krydsning af mønsteret (620, 625); at opnå (560, 570) et antal kursmålinger under krydsning af mønsteret (620, 625); at beregne (666) en deklination i det geomagnetiske felt ved hjælp af magnetometermålingerne og kursmålingerne; at kalibrere (640, 642, 650) for bløde og hårde jernvirkninger af skibet (30) ved samtidig at løse for bløde og hårde jernparametre i en mindste kvadraters justering; og at korrigere den beregnede deklination baseret på de bløde og hårde jernparametre.
7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 6, hvor måling af deklination ved fartøjet (30) omfatter kompensering for mindst en jernvirkning af fartøjet (30) på den ene eller de nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger; og eventuelt hvor kompensering omfatter kompensering for skibets (30) bløde og hårde jernparametre for vertikale og vandrette planer i det geomagnetiske felt; og yderligere eventuelt, hvor kompensering for bløde og hårde jernparametre af fartøjet (30) for vertikale og vandrette planer i det geomagnetiske felt omfatter samtidig udregne for bløde og hårde jernparametre i en mindste kvadraters justering.
8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 7, hvor trækning af den mindst ene streamer (60) omfatter at trække den mindst ene streamer (60) i et åbent kryds; og eventuelt yderligere omfatter: mindst med mellemrum at spore en absolut position af den mindst ene streamer (60); og at korrelere det eller de korrigerede geomagnetiske feltmålinger med den absolutte position.
9. Fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 8, hvorved den mindst med mellemrum udførte sporing af den absolutte position af den mindst ene streamer (60) omfatter: med mellemrum at bringe en indretning (80, 150, 200, 300) på den mindst ene streamer (60) mod overfladen og at opnå (402, 410) absolut positionsinformation af den mindst ene streamer (60) med indretningen (80, 150, 200, 300), mens den bringes hen imod overfladen; og eventuelt, hvor sporing af den absolutte position af den mindst ene streamer (60) omfatter: at opnå (404) relativ positionsinformation af den mindst ene streamer (60), mens den trækkes under vandets overflade; og at bestemme (414) den absolutte position af den mindst ene streamer (60) under anvendelse af den relative positionsinformation og den med mellemrum opnåede absolutte positionsinformation.
10. Apparat til indsamling af seismiske data der omfatter: mindst en seismisk sensor (70), der kan trækkes bag et fartøj (30) på den seismiske streamer (60) og som er konfigureret til at måle et eller flere seismiske signaler i et undersøgelsesområde over en tidsperiode og over et rumligt område; mindst en geomagnetisk kursmåleindretning (65) der er forbundet med den mindst ene seismiske sensor (70) og som kan trækkes bag fartøjet (30) på den seismiske streamer (60), hvilken mindst ene geomagnetiske kursmåleindretning (65) er konfigureret til at tilvejebringe en eller flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger, hvilken ene eller nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger er underkastet variationer i deklination over den tidsmæssige periode og over det rumlige område; kendetegnet ved et deklinometer (520) der omfatter: en inertimålingsenhed (560), en kursmåleindretning til et globalt positioneringssystem (570) og mindst et magnetometer (550) der er disponibel på fartøjet (30), hvilken inertimåleenhed (560) og kursangivelsesindretning til det globale positioneringssystem (570) er konfigurerede til at opnå positionsmålinger ved fartøjet (30), og hvilket mindst ene magnetometer (550) er konfigureret til at foretage magnetometermålinger ved fartøjet (30); en styreenhed (510) der er operativt koblet til den mindst ene seismiske sensor (70), den mindst ene geomagnetiske kursmåleindretning (65) og deklinometeret (520), hvilken styreenhed (510) er konfigureret til: at kalibrere deklinometeret (520); at bestemme (608) tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre under den seismiske undersøgelse for at tage højde for variationer i deklinationen ved fartøjet (30) over tidsperioden og over det rumlige område baseret på positionsmålinger og magnetometermålinger af det kalibrerede deklinometer (520) ved fartøjet (30); at korrigere (610, 646, 700) det ene eller de nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger over den tidsmæssige periode og over det rumlige område baseret på deklinationsparametrene; og at korrelere (716) den ene eller de nævnte flere korrigerede geomagnetiske feltmålinger over tidsperioden og over det rumlige område med det ene eller de nævnte flere seismiske signaler.
11. Apparatet ifølge krav 10, hvor styreenheden (510) for at bestemme de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre er konfigureret til: at opnå et eller flere basis-geomagnetiske feltmålinger fra en eller flere basispositioner (670) og interpolere (672) de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre der er baseret derpå; og eventuelt hvor den ene eller de nævnte flere basispositioner (670) er rumligt adskilt fra den ene eller de nævnte flere lokale geomagnetiske feltmålinger, og hvor den eller de nævnte flere basis-geomagnetiske feltmålinger opnås over tid.
12. Apparat ifølge krav 10 eller 11, hvor styreenheden (510) for at bestemme de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre er konfigureret til: at opnå (608) globale positioneringssystemmålinger som positionsmålinger af fartøjet (30); at bestemme en første geodætisk pejling af fartøjet (30) ud fra de globale positioneringssystemmålinger ved fartøjet (30); at bestemme en anden geodætisk pejling af fartøjet (30) fra de geomagnetiske feltmålinger ved fartøjet (30); og at beregne en forskel mellem de første og de nævnte anden geodætiske pejlinger.
13. Apparat ifølge krav 10, 11 eller 12, hvorved styreenheden (510) der er konfigureret til at bestemme de tidsmæssige og rumlige deklinationsparametre yderligere er konfigureret til at kompensere (608) for bevægelse af fartøjet (30), der er opnået fra trekomponent-inertimålinger af fartøjet (30).
14. Apparat ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 10 til 13, hvor styreenheden (510) er konfigureret til: at kalibrere deklinometeret (520) på fartøjet (30) ved at krydse gennem et kalibreringsmønster (620, 625) i undersøgelsesområdet; og eventuelt at supplere (650) kalibreringen med en eller flere forudsagte deklinationer af undersøgelsesområdet, der er interpoleret fra en eller flere basisstationer (670).
15. Apparat ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 10 til 14, hvor styreenheden (510) er konfigureret til: at kalibrere deklinometeret (520) på fartøjet (30), der krydser et mønster (620, 625) i det geomagnetiske felt i undersøgelsesområdet, at opnå (550) et antal magnetometermålinger under krydsning af mønsteret (620, 625); at opnå (560, 570) en række kursmålinger under passage af mønsteret (620, 625), at beregne (666) en deklination i det geomagnetiske felt ved hjælp af magnetometermålingerne og kursmålingerne, at kalibrere (650) for bløde og hårde jernvirkninger af skibet (30) ved samtidig at udregne for bløde og hårde jernparametre i en mindste kvadraters justering, og at korrigere den beregnede deklination baseret på de bløde og hårde jernparametre.
DK12168832.9T 2011-05-23 2012-05-22 Deklinationskompensation til seismiske undersøgelser DK2527880T3 (da)

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