DK2197642T3 - A method and apparatus for producing concrete blocks - Google Patents

Description

Title: Procedure οα apparatus for making concrete blocks

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for making concrete blocks according to the preamble of claims 1 and 9, respectively.

From DE 103 39 143 B4 it is known that for the purpose of making concrete blocks it is possible to fill concrete mortar from a silo into a filling trolley and drive this filling trolley to a place above a concrete block molding tool and then fill the molding tool with the filling trolley. with concrete mortar. The filling vehicle is then driven back and the concrete mortar in the molding tool is compressed. Then, the concrete block is taken out of the mold. In order to fill the molding tool, the filling trolley has several reception rooms; and a small reception space is formed funnel-shaped by a distribution roller arranged at the bottom of the reception room. The distribution roller has its axis extending across the direction of movement of the filling trolley and practically seals the receiving space downwards. Below the distribution roller, a list may be provided on one or both sides of the axis of distribution of the distribution roller, which narrows the delivery area of the receiving space.

EP 1 568 456 A2 also discloses a molding tool which can be filled with concrete mortar with the help of a filling trolley. In this connection, the concrete mortar loading trolley can drive to a location above the molding tool so that the concrete mortar can fall into the molding tool. For this, filling errors can be caused by an uneven filling. For example, the molding tool at the side that first reaches the loading trolley may be more loaded than the opposite side. This results in - similar to an irregular filling - errors in the concrete blocks. To correct this, it is known to correct the filling procedure by making appropriate settings.

From JP 9 011211 A a pressure vessel for delivering concrete material is known, which pressure vessel can run on rollers with an elastic surface. ES-A6-20 25 202 discloses a method and apparatus for making concrete blocks according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 9, respectively.

The filling correction shown here is cumbersome and usually based on empirical values. Changes in the moisture content of the concrete mortar require changes to the settings. A disadvantage is that it is necessary to adjust the correction of the existing concrete mortar in order to achieve a uniform product quality.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus for making concrete blocks, respectively, which makes it possible to make the filling more uniform, so that the product quality becomes more uniform.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and claim 9 respectively.

This results in the concrete mortar being filled into the molding tool being treated on the top surface before a compression occurs. By means of the roll-over, the surface of the pulp is smoothed, whereby the pulp in the cross-section is evenly distributed evenly. At the same time, an undesirable removal of concrete mortar in connection with smooth ironing of the surface during a rolling procedure is avoided. The moisture content of the concrete mortar thus has no effect on the leveling of the surface. By rolling the surface, the concrete mortar in the molding tool will also be better molded. The roll-over can be performed by a procedure in connection with the filling carriage itself.

Preferably, the roll-over is performed, the axis of the roll used being transverse to the path of movement of the loading trolley. The roll-over can now be simply combined with the displacement of the filling trolley to ensure that the roll-over can be carried out in the total width and length of the '' mass surface '' of the molding tool.

It is also an advantage if during the treatment step you can optionally apply a compressive force and / or an '' applied speed ''. You can set a certain speed difference between the speed of the roller and the driving speed of the filling truck.

The roll-over can be carried out using a roller arranged at the filling trolley. Preferably, this roller is mounted in such a way that one can set some desirable pressing forces. The surface of the roller is hard and smooth.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention are explained in the following description and in connection with the subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the attached figures.

Figure 1 shows schematically and in section an apparatus for making concrete blocks, showing the whole from the side and partly the section, and figure 2 on a larger scale a loading wagon belonging to the apparatus according to figure 1.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for making concrete blocks in which a concrete mortar can be filled from a silo 1 - by means of a conveying device 7, where the concrete mortar loaded in the molding tool 7 is compressed and then deformed. the mass of concrete mortar, which is filled in the molding tool 7, is then scrolled on the upper side and then compressed. The conveying device may be a conveyor belt or an executable loading trolley. The conveying device is arranged under the outlet of the silo 1 so that a concrete mortar can be transported to a molding tool and the latter can then be filled. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and in the following example, a conveyor is used as a transport device.

The apparatus for making concrete blocks shown in Fig. 1 comprises a silo 1 with at least one downwardly funnel-shaped inlet receiving space 2 for concrete mortar. Towards the receiving compartment 2, on its underside, a hinged flap 3 hinged at the silo 1 opens the receiving compartment 2 towards an upward and downwardly open filling trolley 4. The filling trolley 4 can run on a table top 5 between an outlet - or an outlet in the silo. 1 - and a position above a concrete block 7 molding tool 7 mounted on a manufacturing base 6. The flap 3 can always be rotated by means of a hydraulic, rod-driven drive 8 - or as shown by an electric motor - in an open position, so that the soil-moist concrete mortar contained in the reception room 2 can fall into the loading trolley 4.

The trolley 4 has a reception space 10 which is surrounded by a frame wall. Seen in the direction of travel indicated by the double arrow, the frame wall has side walls 11, 12. By means of a drive not shown, the filling carriage 4 can be moved back and forth between a filling position under the silo 1 and a dispensing position above the molding tool 7. also be guided from a horizontal guide, also not shown, preferably on both sides of the filling trolley 4. The sidewalls 11, 12 then form - in connection with the advance of the loading trolley from the silo 1 to the molding tool 7 and the return of the filling trolley from the molding tool 7 to the silo 1 - at the ends placed restriction walls in the filling trolley 4.

The molding tool 7 comprises a mold 9 having a select number of partitions 14 for the manufacture of several concrete blocks of the mold 9. In order to fill the mold 9, concrete mortar from the silo 1 must be filled into the receiving space of the loading trolley 4. The filling truck 4 filled with concrete mortar is now driven over The molding tool 7. As the bottom of the filling trolley 4 is open, the concrete mortar in the filling trolley 4 will fall into the mold 9. The dimensions of the filling trolley 4 are adapted to the dimensions of the mold 9 so that the mold 9 can be filled completely. When the filling truck 4 is emptied, it is driven into a position below the outlet of the silo 1.

The mass of the concrete mortar 7 filled with the molding tool 7 is treated on the upper side before the concrete mortar in the mold 9 is compressed. By means of a roller 13, the mass of concrete mortar is rolled over in the molding tool 7. Preferably, the axis of this roller 13 is transverse to the roadway of the loading trolley 4. The roll 13 may be designed as a separate roll, e.g. on a rod system.

According to Figure 1, the roller 13 is arranged at the filling carriage 4 and establishes a lower end of the side wall 11 of the filling carriage 4; said sidewall 11, when the loading trolley 4 returns, is a rear sidewall 11. The roller 13 may be arranged to be height adjustable and preferably positioned such that when the loading trolley 4 moves from the position below the silo 1 and in the direction of the molding tool 7, runs on the countertop 5, thereby having the same height as the bottom edge of the filling trolley 4. In addition, the positioning of the roll 13 is chosen so that the roll can run over the mass of concrete mortar filled in the molding tool 7; in this connection, the roll 13 extends over the entire width of the mold 9 - and this in order to achieve a uniform surface of the filled concrete mortar.

The roller 13 may be pressurized in the same way as a cake roll, and a compression spring bearing may be provided. The roller 13, when it arrives on the concrete mortar in the molding tool 7, can roll over the surface of the concrete mortar in this molding tool 7, and this with a certain compressive force. The roll 13 has a hard and smooth surface and is of metal. The roller 13 may be arranged so that it can run freely and have a certain speed of rotation, the latter depending on the friction of the concrete mortar depends on the speed of movement of the trolley 4 or, on an apparatus for translational movement of the roller 13 relative to the molding tool 7.

Alternatively, the roll 13 can be driven at a certain selectable speed of rotation. This speed of rotation can preferably be adjusted in relation to the driving speed of the filling truck 4.

By rolling roll 13 over the concrete mortar, a uniform smoothing of the surface is achieved. It is possible to avoid particularly damp concrete mortar adhering to the roll 13. The smoothing can be carried out independently of the moisture of the concrete mortar. Thereby, the method of the invention enables a uniform structure of stone surfaces to be obtained, especially in connection with large stones.

Finally, by changing the direction of rotation of the roll 13, the direction in which the concrete mortar is pressed can be changed. In addition, it is possible to ensure that the roller achieves neither a positive nor a negative relative speed with respect to the driving speed of the loading trolley, but in fact exactly stands still with the aid of a drive. In this way, a great uniformity can be achieved even with large variations in filling and smoothing.

It is convenient if the distance of the roll 13 from the partitions 14 in the molding tool 7 can be changed. Hereby a further variation in the head height can be obtained; and in this way, the volume of concrete mortar which, after filling, must be compressed can vary widely.

According to the present invention, a process for making concrete blocks comprises the following steps. From a silo 1, concrete mortar is filled into a receiving space 10 in a filling trolley 4. The filling trolley 4 is then moved to a place above a molding tool 7, and the molding tool 7 is then filled with concrete mortar from the filling trolley 4. Next, the filling trolley 4 is returned. the molding tool 7 filled with concrete mortar is compressed and a molding is made. In addition, according to the invention, the mass of the concrete mortar loaded in the molding tool 7 on the upper side is first rolled over and then compressed. The roll-over can be done by means of a roller having a roller axis disposed across the driving lane 4 of the loading trolley. The roll-over can be done at the return of the filling truck 4. The roll-over can be carried out by means of a roller 13 which is pressurized. For the roll, a roller 13 having a hard and smooth surface can be used. In addition, the roll-over can be done in such a way that there is a difference in the speed between the roll 13 and the filling carriage 4. The peripheral speed of the roll 13 can be selected for the roll-over greater than the driving speed of the fill car 4. However, the periphery speed of the roll 13 serving for roll-over may also be selected lower than the driving speed of the filling truck 4. The roll-over can be carried out with a variable gap width in a contact area between the roll 13 and the mass of concrete mortar.

Claims (13)

A process for the manufacture of concrete blocks, in which the method is filled from a silo (1) and by means of an upward and downwardly open loading trolley, concrete mortar in a molding tool (7), and in which the concrete mortar loaded in the molding tool is compressed and then deformed. and wherein the mass of the concrete mortar filled in the molding tool (7) is then over-rolled with a roller (13) and then compressed, characterized in that the roll-over by returning the filling trolley (4) is carried out by means of a roller (13), forming the lower end of a sidewall (11) in the filling carriage (4), which at the return of the filling carriage (4) forms the rear sidewall (11), and that the roller (13) hard and smooth surface - made of metal. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the roll-over is carried out, the axis of the roller being arranged transversely of the path of movement of the filling truck (4). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the roller is driven at a selectable rotational speed. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the roll-over is performed, there being a speed difference between the roller (13) and the filling carriage (4). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the peripheral speed of the roller (13) - for the purpose of rolling movement - is chosen such that it is greater than the driving speed of the filling truck (4). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the peripheral speed of the roller (13), when performing the roll-over, is lower than corresponding to the driving speed of the filling trolley (4). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the roll-over is carried out as a roll-over under pressure. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the roll-over is carried out with a variable gap width in a contact area between the roll (13) and the mass of concrete mortar. An apparatus for making concrete blocks, comprising a silo (1) having a concrete mortar outlet located at its underside and with an upwardly and downwardly open filling carriage (4) arranged for transporting concrete mortar to a concrete mortar. molding tool (7) and wherein there is a roller (13) having a roller axis movable relative to the molding tool (7) for rolling the mass filled in the molding tool (7), characterized in that the roller (13) defines a the lower end of a side wall (11) of the filling carriage (4), which at the return of the carriage (4) forms a rear side wall (11) and the roller (13) for determining a hard and smooth surface of metal. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the axis of the roller is arranged to be able to move across the transport path of the filling car (4). Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the roller (13) is formed as a pressure-releasable roller. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the roller (13) is arranged in a bearing with a compression spring. Apparatus according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the roller (13) can be operated at a selectable rotational speed.