DK201670803A1

DK201670803A1 - Smoke ventilating roof window arrangement

Info

Publication number: DK201670803A1
Application number: DKPA201670803A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Thomas Nør Nielsen; Jacob Christian Lund
Original assignee: Vkr Holding As
Priority date: 2016-10-12
Filing date: 2016-10-12
Publication date: 2018-04-23
Also published as: EP3309317A1; DK179627B1; EP3309317B1; PL3309317T3

Abstract

A window system comprising a roof window (1) with top, sides and bottom members where the frame structure includes a plurality of frame members, top, side and bottom (20,30,40), a sash structure carrying a pane element and includes a plurality of sash members, top, side and bottom (2,3,4), an operator includes an operator member (8) having a first and a second end and adapted to extend between the frame structure and the sash structure, said frame structure being adapted to be installed in a roof structure, a flashing arrangement (5) surrounding the said window frame and sash structures, comprising a plurality of flashing members, and a wind deflecting kit (10) placed outside the said frame and sash structures and on the outside of the said flashing arrangement (5),

Description

<¹θ> DANMARK <¹°> DK 2016 70803 A1

<¹²> PATENTANSØGNING

Patent- og

Varemærkestyrelsen (51)

Int.CI.: E 04 D 13/00(2006.01)

E 06 B 7/02(2006.01) (21) Ansøgningsnummer: PA 2016 70803 (22) Indleveringsdato: 2016-10-12 (24) Løbedag: 2016-10-12 (41) Aim. tilgængelig: 2018-04-13 (71) Ansøger: VKR Holding A/S, Breeltevej 18, 2970 Hørsholm, Danmark (72) Opfinder: Thomas Nør Nielsen, Kastanjealle 30, 8700 Horsens, Danmark Jacob Christian Lund, Øster Snedevej 46, 7120 Vejle Øst, Danmark (74) Fuldmægtig: Awapatent A/S, Strandgade 56,1401 København K, Danmark (54) Benævnelse: Smoke ventilating roof window arrangement (56) Fremdragne publikationer:

EP 1870555 A1 EP 2364392 B1 US 2012304567 A1 EP 1739248 A1 EP 1380707 A1 (57) Sammendrag:

Fortsættes ...

DK 2016 70803 A1

The present invention relates to a window system comprising a roof window with top, sides and bottom members where the frame structure includes a plurality of frame members, top, side and bottom a sash structure carrying a pane element and includes a plurality of sash members, top, side and bottom an operator includes an operator member having a first and a second end and adapted to extend between the frame structure and the sash structure, said frame structure being adapted to be installed in a roof structure, a flashing arrangement surrounding the said window frame and sash structures, comprising a plurality of flashing members, and a wind deflecting kit placed outside the said frame and sash structures and on the outside of the said flashing arrangement.

Roof windows of this kind are often used for providing ventilation of air, heat or smoke, so that a free airflow may be obtained in a building where a ventilation mechanism is necessary. There is often a need for providing especially smoke ventilation, where the window system should be arranged such as to automatically open during for example a fire. In assisting this opening it is generally known to provide the window systems with an operator member. Likewise, it is known to include in such window systems a wind deflecting kit placed at the inside of the window or outside at the frame and surrounding the window. Examples of such kits are described in DE 74 05 961 which describes a bulky window system comprising of a window frame structure, a sash structure, an operator, and wind deflector walls placed at and at least partially along and on the outside of the frame structure. In DE 20 2005 019 510 is also described a window system comprising of a window frame structure, a sash structure, a set of operators, and a set of movable wind deflector walls placed at and at least partially along the inside of the frame structure. Here the wind deflector walls are placed in a retracted position along the frame sides and rises as the window sash opens via connection rods. As a common denominator for these known roof window systems one could mention their less appealing appearance - visible and bulky, limiting the window opening and obstructing the viewpoint through the opening.

DK 2016 70803 A1

When it comes to installation of a plurality of roof windows in for instance a mall or similar large buildings, it is important to have smoke ventilation windows in order to full fill the various building regulations and standards administered by the building authorities. This is to have a regulated draft through and out of the building for extracting smoke, fumes and hazardous substances. This is dealt with by equipping or adapting a calculated number of windows so they can be opened automatically and effectively extract smoke and fumes from the fire in the building.

When a roof window is to be used as a smoke ventilation roof window it has to be CE certified according to EN ISO 12 101-2. In order to comply the norm and regulations there has to be a sub pressure at the window opening between 3 - 12 Pa and the window is said to be independent of the wind. When a geometric opening area is sufficient then the roof window can be used without wind deflectors, otherwise in situations where the design of the roof window area and the regulations requires that the aerodynamic free area is used then wind deflectors are necessary. In relation to the CE certification and the EN various parameters are measured for a given window area such as different wind directions, mass flow, Cvw values and the aerodynamic area AvO.

In the light of the above it is the object of the present invention to provide a roof window system of the type mentioned in the introduction, which has a more appealing and a less bulky appearance and a less obstructed window opening and almost an unobstructed viewpoint.

To meet this object the roof window system according to the invention has a wind deflector kit which includes a plurality of elements, comprising at least two side elements, two corner elements, two side mounting flanges and one front element, which elements are to be assembled to a unitary wind deflector structure placed alongside the outside of the window frame and sash bottom and partially alongside the lower parts of the two window frame and sash sides.

In another embodiment for the invention, the wind deflector kit has side elements with a rectangular, square or triangular shape. Hereby is

DK 2016 70803 A1 achieved a simple geometrical configuration having almost the same efficiency with respect to the Cvw and Cva numbers. The triangular shape being the least efficient of the three and the rectangular being the better.

According to another embodiment for the invention, the wind deflector kit comprises that the side elements are integrated both with the corner elements and the side mounting flanges to form the unitary wind deflector structure.

According to another embodiment for the invention, the wind deflector kit includes at least two additional centre mounting flanges, placed at distance from the side mounting flanges. By adding two extra mounting flanges at the centre of the wind deflector structure a more robust and solid structure is achieved.

According to another embodiment for the invention, the wind deflector kit elements all have the same height, preferably in the range of 20 to 60 cm, more preferred in the range of 25 to 50 cm and most preferred in the range from 30 to 40 cm. Hereby a less bulky and more appealing overall appearance is achieved.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the unitary wind deflector structure is placed at a distance (Ddwb) from the roof window bottom equal to the height (Dh) of the said deflector structure and at a distance (Ddws) from the window side less than half the said height (Dh). Herby is achieved that the structure can be placed at a distance from the opening of the roof window giving the wanted uninterrupted viewpoint both for the window, which is equipped with the wind deflector and for adjacent placed roof windows, where you don’t want to have the side elements stretching in over neighbouring windows impeding theirs free viewpoint.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the unitary wind deflector structure is placed at a distance (Ddwb) from the roof window bottom frame, where the distance (Ddwb) is less than height (Dh) but greater than half the height (Dh) of the said deflector structure.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the unitary wind deflector structure is placed at a distance above the flashing arrangement to

DK 2016 70803 A1 create a clearance area between the said deflector structure and the flashing arrangement. Herby it is possible for debris, leaves, rainwater etc. to exit through the clearance area so that the roof window system can be kept clean.

In the following the invention will be described in further detail by means of examples of embodiments, with reference to the schematic drawings in which

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a prior art roof window,

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a window system according to the invention, where the window is in a closed position,

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to that of Fig. 2, where the window system is equipped with the wind deflector,

Fig. 4 is a detail view corresponding to that of Fig. 3, where the window is equipped with the wind deflector,

Fig. 5 is a detail view corresponding to that of Fig. 3, where the window is equipped with second embodiment of the wind deflector,

Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a window system according to the invention, where the roof window is in an open schematic position,

Fig. 7 shows a schematic drawing of the window system and the opening areas for the roof window opening and the area between window and deflector,

Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of a window system with a deflector according to the invention, where the deflector is shown placed at a single roof window, and

Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of a window system with a deflector according to the invention, where the deflector is shown placed at the middle of three roof windows arranged side by side.

Fig. 1 illustrates a prior art roof window 1 comprising a frame structure like the one described in figures 2 and 6 with a plurality of frame

DK 2016 70803 A1 members 20, 30, 40. The top member 20 and the bottom member 40 together with side members 30, each extending between the top and bottom members 20 and 40 forms a rectangular frame structure intended to be build-in into e.g. an inclined roof (not shown). The inclination may be defined by the roof pitch, which for example could be in the range 5-15° with respect to a horizontal plane. A sash structure is made in a similar manner with a top member 2, a bottom member 4 and side members 3 forming a rectangular sash structure. In the sash a rectangular window pane of any type, e.g. an insulating unit, is encased. The shown roof window system also comprises an operator 8 of a standard type, e.g. a chain operator to open and close the window, i.e. moving the sash with respect to the stationary frame. Last, the figures shows a roof window system surrounded by a smoke deflector attached to the frame of the window.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a window system according to the invention, where the roof window 1 comprising a top sash member 2, side sash members 3 and a bottom sash member 4 is in a closed position, and where the roof window is placed in a flashing 5 in an underlying roof structure (not shown)

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to that of Fig. 2, where the window system is equipped with the wind deflector 10 in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 4 is a detail view corresponding to that of Fig. 3, where the window system is equipped with the wind deflector 10,

Fig. 5 is a detail view corresponding to that of Fig. 3, where the window system is equipped with a second embodiment of the wind deflector 10*,

Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a window system according to the invention, where the roof window 1 is in an open schematic position, where it is possible to see the frame and sash structures respectively, with the top members 2 and 20, the side members 3 and 30 and the bottom member 4 and 40. It is also possible to see the operator member 8, which is intended to open and close the roof window 1. Last, the flashing structure 5 can be seen.

DK 2016 70803 A1

Fig. 7 illustrates a schematic drawing of the roof window and the opening areas (A1-A3) for the window opening and the area (D1-D3) between window and deflector. These values can indirectly be used to calculate the deflectors influence on the wind flow over the window opening. We have measured how much the distance between the deflector and the window the influences the window aerodynamic area, AvO. The aerodynamic area is calculated using the Cv factor, which determines the relation between the geometric area and the aerodynamic area of the window. The Cv factor expresses the effectiveness of the smoke ventilation. The aerodynamic area of a window is determined by EN 12101 -5 (2005). Here the Cv factor is set to 0,7 as this is the physical contraction that occurs when air passes through openings. A combination of openings makes the resulting aerodynamic area is where the total contraction is greatest, i.e., the smallest effective area. That means that a plurality of openings in series will reduce the effective opening.

The formula from EN 12101-5 takes this into account:

f

A indicates the individual opening areas of the window, A1 is the frame opening area, A2 is the opening area between the frame and sash bottoms while A3 is the opening area of the two triangles at the frame and sash sides, see figure 8.

The opening area for the three sides can then be added so that the window has a total opening area. As an example, we have been making calculations for one size window to illustrate the influence at the aerodynamic area created by the window dimensions and the length of the operator member, here is used a standard chain operator. The graph shows the ratio of the distance from the deflector to the window and the influence of the aerodynamic area for the window.

DK 2016 70803 A1

Deflektor placering (Kædelængde 700 mm)

l.X- ................................................................

C.35

<· O.i 0.2 0.3 G i 3.5 0.0 0.7

The deflector distance is divided into respectively; “Afstand forand” and “Afstand siderne”, so that it is possible to see how the two different distances affect the aerodynamic area and thus choose the optimum location of the deflector. The distance varies from 0,1 to 0,6 m. From this illustration it becomes evident that the distance (Ddwb) between the unitary wind deflector structure 10, 10*, 10** and the roof window bottom 4, 40, should be placed in the range of 20 to 60 cm, and most preferably around 30 to 40 cm. The distance (Ddws) between the sides of the unitary wind deflector structure 10,

10*, 10** and the window sides 3, 30, preferably is in the range of 10 to 50 cm, more preferred in the range of 10 to 40 cm and most preferred 10 to 30 cm. These are the preferred values taking the overall purpose of the invention into account.

Fig. 8 illustrates a third embodiment of a roof window system according to the invention comprising a deflector 10** placed at a flashing 5 at a distance (Ddwb) from the window bottom. This third embodiment is different due to the triangular shape of the wind deflector side elements 130. The shown wind deflector kit 10, 10*, 10**, includes a plurality of elements, e.g. two side elements 130, two corner elements 120, two side mounting flanges

135 and one front element 100. The elements are to be assembled to a unitary wind deflector structure placed alongside the outside of the window frame and sash bottom and partially alongside the lower parts of the two window frame and sash sides. Also shown in the figure 8 is that the wind deflector kit 10, 10*, 10** have the side elements 130 integrated, not only to the corner elements 120 and the side mounting flanges 135 but also to the two additional centre mounting flanges 110, placed at distance and opposite

DK 2016 70803 A1 from the side mounting flanges 130. By integration of the four elements 110, 120, 130 and 135, we achieve a single piece component, thus making this item less complicated. Two such components can be connected with one front element 100, and then we have assembled the unitary wind deflector structure. Depending upon the length of the front element 100 and how much it is intended to overlap the corner part of the single piece component the overall length of the wind deflector structure can be adjusted or modified in accordance with the required installation situation, i.e. dependent of the size of the window and the flashing used.

Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of a window system with a deflector 10 according to the invention, where the deflector 10 is shown placed at the middle of three roof windows 1 arranged side by side. The interesting part to observe here is the limited extension of the side elements 130 of the wind deflector kit 10 only extending a bit in and over the adjacent or neighboring roof windows 1. The front element 100 and the two corner elements 120 of the kit can be seen to be assembled via common connection means 200 (not disclosed in detail)

The roof window comprising a frame structure including a plurality of frame members, a sash structure carrying a pane element and including a plurality of sash members, an operator including an operator member having a first and a second end and adapted to extend between the frame structure and the sash structure, the sash being pivotally connected to the frame so that a pivotal opening movement of the sash in relation to the frame moves the window between a closed position and a fully opened position where the smoke can exit through the opening.

Furthermore the roof window may comprise a traditional chain actuator configured at least for performing the closure of the window. The window being configured with a chain actuator has the effect of providing closing assisting means, such that the window for example could be self closing and locking.

The invention should not be regarded as being limited to the embodiments described in the above, but various modifications and

DK 2016 70803 A1 combinations may be carried out. For example this disclosure may be employed in roof windows which are top hanged, bottom hanged or semi-top hanged.

DK 2016 70803 A1

Claims

1. A window system comprising a roof window (1) with top, sides and bottom members where the frame structure includes a plurality of frame members, top, side and bottom (20,30,40), a sash structure carrying a pane element and includes a plurality of sash members, top, side and bottom (2,3,4), an operator includes an operator member (8) having a first and a second end and adapted to extend between the frame structure and the sash structure, said frame structure being adapted to be installed in a roof structure, a flashing arrangement (5) surrounding the said window frame and sash structures, comprising a plurality of flashing members, and a wind deflecting kit (10) placed outside the said frame and sash structures and on the outside of the said flashing arrangement (5), characterized in that the said wind deflector kit (10, 10*, 10**) includes a plurality of elements, comprising at least two side elements (130), two corner elements (120), two side mounting flanges (135) and one front element (100), which elements are to be assembled to a unitary wind deflector structure placed alongside the outside of the window frame and sash bottom and partially alongside the lower parts of the two window frame and sash sides.

2. A window system according to claim 1, wherein the wind deflector kit (10, 10*, 10**) has side elements with a rectangular, square or triangular shape.

3. A window system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wind deflector kit (10, 10*, 10**) comprises that the side elements (130) are integrated both with the corner elements (120) and the side mounting flanges (135) to form the unitary wind deflector structure.

4. A window system according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said wind deflector kit (10, 10*, 10**) includes at least two additional centre mounting flanges (110), placed at distance from the side mounting flanges (130).

5. A window system according to claim 3 and 4, wherein the wind

DK 2016 70803 A1 deflector kit (10, 10*, 10**) comprises that the side elements (130) are integrated both with the corner elements (120) and the side mounting flanges (135) and that the said additional centre mounting flanges (110) also are integrated with the corner elements (135) placed at distance opposite from

5 the side mounting flanges (130) to form the unitary wind deflector structure.

6. A window system according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the wind deflector kit elements (10, 100, 110, 120, 130) all have the same height, preferably in the range of 20 to 60 cm, more preferred in the range of 25 to 50 cm and most preferred in the range from 30 to 40 cm.

10

7. A window system according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the unitary wind deflector structure (10, 10*, 10**) is placed at a distance (Ddwb) from the roof window bottom equal to the height (Dh) of the said deflector structure and at a distance (Ddws) from the window sides less than half the said height (Dh).

15

8. A window system according to any one of the previous claims, wherein distance (Ddwb) between the unitary wind deflector structure (10, 10*, 10**) and the roof window bottom, preferably is in the range of 20 to 50 cm, more preferred in the range of 25 to 45 cm and most preferred in the range from 30 to 40 cm, and the distance (Ddws) between the sides of the unitary wind

20 deflector structure (10, 10*, 10**) and the window sides, preferably is in the range of 10 to 50 cm, more preferred in the range of 10 to 40 cm and most preferred 10 to 30 cm.

9. A window system according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the unitary wind deflector structure (10, 10*, 10**) is placed at a distance

25 (Ddf) above the flashing arrangement (5) to create a clearance area between the said deflector structure and the flashing arrangement.

DK 2016 70803 A1