DK181065B1

DK181065B1 - Building element for foundation and method for installing such building element

Info

Publication number: DK181065B1
Application number: DKPA201970417A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Wilhelmsen Frank
Original assignee: Broedr Sunde As
Priority date: 2018-06-28
Filing date: 2019-06-28
Publication date: 2022-10-31
Also published as: SE1950820A1; DK201970417A1; NO20180910A1; SE543525C2; NO345668B1

Abstract

The documents describes a building element (10) for a foundation and a method for installing such building elements (10), wherein the building element (10) is comprising a longitudinal outer wall (12), a longitudinal inner wall (11) a number of transverse ribs/steps (13, 14), connecting the outer and inner wall (11, 12) and embodied with tracks/grooves for reinforcement elements(bars) (30), enable to be arranged together with another building element (10). The building element (10) comprises an integrated sole element eliminating the need of extra foundation at intended load situations and/or open space for reinforcement elements enabling reinforcement connection between the building element (10) and the reinforcement of a concrete base slab. The document further describes a method for installing a foundation using such building element (10).

Description

DK 181065 B1 q

TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION The invention relates to a building element system for foundations and a method for installing such building element system for foundations used in houses and other buildings with equal load where the building elements have an integrated sole element eliminating the need of extra foundation at intended load situations.

BACKGROUND FOR THE INVENTION Use of building elements for establishing foundations of for instance private houses, garages, or other buildings of similar loads are known in the building industries. The building elements of inner and outer walls and connecting steps/ribs — are installed like "building blocks” where the intermediate space between two adjacent of the wall elements are reinforced and filled with concrete. The building blocks are typically made of expanding polystyrene (EPS), the steps connecting the side walls of the building blocks are typically made of plastic and the outer side of the building blocks are normally completed with a layer of fibre reinforced stucco. These building elements come in different sizes both in height and length and of different width of the steps. In cases of poor soil, before building the foundation, there is a need of establishing an extra foundation sole, which for instance is another building element system of sole elements installed like "building blocks”, requiring larger foundation width. Such sole elements are installed prior to installing the building elements of the foundation.

Products with a large foundation width exist. Such products having connection between the concrete in the floor and the concrete in the foundation system also exist. However, these are chosen on the expense of important characteristics as insulating property, giving a relatively larger thermal bridge than a solution of using a standard foundation block with both outside and inside insulation. Today, one has to choose between a system where the concrete in the floor and the concrete in the foundation are connected, with unacceptable thermal bridge, and a system where the concrete in floor and foundation is not connected, with acceptable thermal bridge. In some places, it is ok with a big thermal bridge, but especially at colder climates and in countries with regulations that sets levels for thermal bridge, the first

DK 181065 B1 2 alternative has to be chosen, and then miss the other advantages that a connected concrete system gives.

Installation of an extra foundation sole before installing building elements for foundations at sites of poor sole condition is both a required, time consuming and thereby an expensive operation and systems that connect the concrete in the floor with the concrete in the foundation are used on the expense of important characteristics. There is therefore a need of a foundation system that creates a solid and stable foundation for the building in a matter, which does not decrease important insulating characteristics, and at the same time have building elements that allows larger loads to be put on the foundation without extra sole foundation being put under it for load distribution.

FR 2879633 A1 describes a building element comprising a device comprising of an outer wall and an inner wall held together with spacers positioned in housing of the walls in order to maintain spacing between the outer and inner wall.

Reinforcement bars are to be placed on the spacers arranged at different heights. The inner and outer walls may be placed in series in length direction and the inner and outer wall is connected to the next inner and outer wall by means of recesses in the end portions of the inner and outer walls wherein tenons are placed in the recesses.

SE 507845 C2 describes a building element for a foundation placed flat on the ground comprising a concrete base slab resting on the building element. The building element is having a connecting beam arranged within the building element, expanding down the level of the concrete base slab. The building element, referred to as an insulation element, comprises a bottom, two vertical walls, an inner and an outer wall, extending upwards from the bottom and placed a distance from each other. The inner wall having recesses in its top allowing a connection between the connecting beam and the concrete base slab forming an integrated, monolithic structure together with reinforcement bars being placed in these recesses stretching from the concrete base slab in through upper part of the recesses into the building element. It is indicated that horizontal reinforcement bars may be placed lengthwise the building element inside the building element in some connection with the reinforcement bars connecting the concrete slab with the building element.

DK 181065 B1 3 NO 337663 B1 describes a method, system and an element for simultaneous casting of a sole and a sole foundation. The element comprises a longitudinal outer wall, arranged with a faceplate and a base part being considerable lower than the outer wall, and comprising a number of transvers ribs and an inner wall, wherein the transverse ribs connects the outer and inner wall. The upper side of the base part comprises one or more tracks arranged to receive a mountable wall. These tracks may also be used as foundation for reinforcements, in addition recesses or support for reinforcement may be arranged in the area where the ribs are connected to the outer wall.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the following and throughout the specification bellow, the following terms means: The term “foundation” or “ring beam system” refers to the load bearing construction constituting the interface between a house and the soil on which the house is built. The foundations primarily provide support for the vertical loads of gravity from the weight of the building above and the foundations also provide resistance to horizontal loads due to for instance ground motions, transferring loads from the structure to the ground. The term “sole foundation” refers to a wider load bearing construction put under the foundation for extra load distribution. The term “shift” refers to one horizontal layer of building blocks installed. Both a foundation and a sole foundation are laid in one shift each. The term “building element” refers to the single elements or building blocks of the foundation, in which one shift of building elements stacked lengthwise constitutes — the foundation. The term "sole element” refers to prior art elements of a sole foundation, when there is need of an extra sole foundation before installing the foundation is required. The term “reinforcement bars” refers to conventional elongated horizontal and possibly also stirrups and/or vertical reinforcement elements or re-bars of circular or oval sections. The re-bars may be made of steel or of a fibre reinforced material.

DK 181065 B1 4 A main object of the present invention is to provide a solid and stable connection between the concrete of the foundation and the concrete of the floor casted and surrounded by the foundation system and at the same time provide an acceptable thermal bridge (that makes the system suited for buildings with insulating needs).Another object of the invention is to provide a ring beam system enhancing structural strength, rigidity and stability of the ring beam when completed, including enhanced interconnection with the slab to be cast within the ring beam.

Another object of the present invention is to significantly reduce the need of an extra step of installing sole foundation at sites of poor sole conditions.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a simplified installation of foundations.

A further object of the present invention to provide a system that may be adapted to existing building block systems of for instance walls placed on top of the foundation.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a broader bearing surface of the building elements for the foundations in contact with the sole/ground.

Another object of the present invention is to make a connection between the concrete of the foundation and the concrete of the floor casted and surrounded by the foundation.

Another object of the present invention is to make an insulating system where the thermal bridge as small as possible between the casted floor surrounded by the foundation and the foundation, i.e. where the heat transfer and/or the thermal capacity is eliminated, or at least substantially reduces.

Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to be able to cast the foundation and the floor surrounded by the foundation in one operation.

The objects are achieved according to the invention by an insulating building element system for a foundation and a method installing such foundation as defined in the preamble of the independent claims, having the features of the characterizing portion of the independent claims.

A number of embodiments, variants or alternatives of the invention are defined by the dependent claims.

DK 181065 B1 In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a building element for a foundation, comprising a longitudinal outer/first wall and a longitudinal inner/second wall, spaced apart and arranged in parallel, the outer/first and inner/second wall being interconnected at their lower end, forming an integrated monolithic structure, 5 the inner/second wall being provided with recesses at their upper end, intended for placing reinforcement, tying the foundation element with a base slab. The building element is comprising a number of transverse ribs/steps, interconnecting the outer and inner/second wall at least at their lower part forming a number of vertical cells open at both ends, the upper surface of the transverse ribs being provided with tracks/grooves for horizontal reinforcement bars to be arranged in horizontal direction of the foundation with a space between the outer and inner/second walls for tying neighbouring building elements together and reinforcing the foundation. The inner/second wall is lower than, the height of the outer/first wall and a horizontal longitudinal part is protruding perpendicular in flush with the top of the inner/second wall, inwards the building element and an inner string is protruding upwards from the horizontal longitudinal part to the same height or to a lower height as the opposite outer/first wall. The inner string being a parallel offset to both the inner/second wall and outer/first wall, and is leaving an opening between the inner string and the outer/first wall.

The outer/first wall and the inner/second wall are connected with at least two lower transverse ribs/steps forming a base part and the outer/second wall and the inner string being connected with at least two upper transverse ribs/steps forming an upper part. The integrated sole element comprises the base part.

The building element has at least one recesses at the top of the inner string forming the open space for reinforcement elements enabling reinforcement connection between the building element and the reinforcement of a concrete base slab.

The inner/second wall being 70-80%, preferably 78%, the height of the outer/first wall. The opening between the inner string and the outer/first wall being 50-70%, preferably 60%, of the distance between the inner surfaces of the inner/second wall and the inner surface of the outer/first wall and the inner string is having at least the same thickness as the inner/second wall and the outer/first wall.

The building element comprises at least one hollow room between the at least two lower rib/steps and at least one hollow room between the at least two upper —rib/steps. A broader hollow room for concrete between the inner/second wall and the outer/first wall than between the inner string and the outer/first wall makes a larger bearing surface to the ground.

DK 181065 B1 6 Each of the transverse upper and lower ribs/steps, respectively, preferably comprises at least one cradle shaped area for reinforcement bars to rest.

The building element is preferably made of a material of expanding polystyrene (EPS).

The longitudinal outer/first wall at its outer side is further mounted a finishing surface of concrete fibre sheet.

The concrete fibre sheet is mounted by use of an adhesive or held in place mechanically.

The building elements are connected together with tongues and grooves at each opposite end of the building elements respectively, wherein lower tongues are connected with lower grooves and the upper tongue is connected with the upper groove of the next building element respectively.

In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for installing a foundation using the building element, the method comprises the following steps: — establishing levelled gate of gravel with a width of at least 700-800 mm; — marking corners, levelling the building site and preparation for piping and other installation work; — installation of radon barrier classification of the radon barrier, prior to or after installation of building elements of the foundation; — installing building elements starting with corner elements for the building elements, thereafter the building elements are being installed, cutting and adjusting the lengths; — locking devices, in addition to locking mechanism made from geometry on elements, are if needed placed in the joints between the installed building elements keeping the building elements together; — inserting or threading reinforcement bars in from the side both at the upper ribs/steps and lower ribs/steps with an and tied together in longitudinal direction with wires or plastic strips; — inserting bent reinforcement bars vertically down the building element, the horizontal part of the bent reinforcement bar resting in the recesses of the inner string pointing inwards the foundation; — placing insulation inside the foundation/area being surrounded by the foundation at wanted height or at recommended height fitting the height of the building elements, reinforcements are laid on top for later casting of a concrete slab surrounded by the foundation;

DK 181065 B1 7 — stabilizing masses to be filled on the outside of the foundation, optional joint or gluing with joint-filler for tightening of thermal bridges; — filling of concrete from top of the building elements into the hollow spaces in the building elements simultaneously filling concrete in area surrounded with the foundation forming the concrete slab; — wiping off concrete leaking from openings in the wall.

The method further involves installing a vapour barrier and/or water-born warmth installed on top of the insulation prior to reinforcement being laid on top for later casting the concrete slab.

The method also involves optionally mounting of a jointing list or glue jointing between the concrete fibre plates after wiping off concrete leaking from openings.

The new building element system is for foundations or ring beam systems for private houses, garages, or other buildings of similar type and similar load. The new building element system comprises an integrated sole element that significantly reduces the need of installation of an extra shift of sole element prior to installing the foundation and the building element connects the concrete in the floor with the concrete in the foundation without making the thermal bridge unacceptable. The sidewalls and the steps connecting the sidewalls of the building elements are to be moulded in one preferably homogeneous or monolithic material, typically a material of expanding polystyrene (EPS), but not limited to this material, it may also be of a concrete material or similar. The surface finish of the outer/first wall of each building element is completed at production site, with a concrete fibre sheet glued with an adhesive or similar.

At the lower end region of the building block elements, the hollow space is significantly wider than the hollow space at the upper side region. This gives a wider concrete element when the foundation is being casted by pouring concrete from above of the wall. This gives a wider/larger supporting surface to the ground. Hence, the element can carry larger load and the casting of an extra pressure distributing foundation is rarely necessary for this area of use. Recesses at the top of the inner string at the upper part of the building element make a connection between the concrete being filled into the building elements and the concrete being filled in the area surrounding the foundation, making a floor of concrete /concrete slab. This

DK 181065 B1 8 connection counteracts an eccentrically placed weigh at the outer edge of the wall that can cause a rotation of the wall. This leads to substantially improved stability of the wall and the possibility to build longer legs without reducing the stability of the wall system as well as reducing the thermal bridge that otherwise would be present. As an alternative or an additional to the integrated sole element, the new building element may also comprise spaces in the element. The spaces, being in form of recesses, making concrete being filled in the building element, and concrete being filled in order to form a concrete slab in the area being surrounded by the building elements of the foundation as one continuous and monolithic concrete unit.

— The continuous and monolithic concrete unit creating an acceptable thermal bridge on one hand and where the connection is a great advantage both in terms of construction and in terms of strength in order to counteract rotation when the foundation is eccentrically loaded, as it usually is, on the other hand.

The building block element system functions as a shuttering during the installation phase, and there is really no need of additional support. However, scratching of some gravel at the outside of the wall may be recommended to keep the wall in place during casting of the inner/second wall and floor which are surrounded by the wall. The building block also functions as insulation and different type of raw material may be chosen due to better insulating property.

The elements have a tongue and groove for eased installation and are reinforced with reinforcement bars, two at the lower region of the element, threaded/inserted from the side, and two at the upper region of the element. Other types of reinforcement can also be used, like fibres. Building elements may be cut and adjusted in length for fitting and are being kept together with adjacent element through locking devices placed in the joints between the elements.

After filling the hollow space of the foundation with concrete, a joint list between the building block elements may optionally be mounted between the concrete fibre plates after wiping off concrete leaking from openings.

Other advantageous features of the present invention in view of the cited prior artare:

DK 181065 B1 9 The front and rear walls being interconnected by a number of vertical ribs, preferably both at the lower end and with an additional set of ribs between the two walls at a higher level; The bottom end of the lower end vertical ribs is flush with the lower end surface of both the lower end surface of the front and rear wall; The ribs are spaced apart forming vertical open cells, open at both ends, within the space between the front and real walls at the lower end of the element; The upper set of ribs may be laterally displaced with respect to the lower rib walls; Moreover, the upper part of the inner/second wall being sidewise displaced in a direction towards the front wall, providing an enhanced interconnection between the building or ring beam element, the concrete slab to be casted and the reinforcement used for tying the ring beam element together with the concrete slab; Another advantageous feature is that both the upper surface of the lower ribs and the upper set of ribs may at their upper surfaces be provided with cradle shaped recesses for support of reinforcement configured to extend in longitudinal, horizontal direction of the ring beam to be formed by a number of ring beam elements according to the invention; According to the present invention, it is also provided a support for a second layer of horizontal reinforcement in a vertically spaced relation with the first layer of reinforcement.

The technical effects obtained are a more stable building or ring beam element due to the increased width of the footprint of each element; enhanced support and enhanced placement and support of the reinforcement, at least in longitudinal direction of the ring beam to be formed by the ring beam elements; and enhanced interconnection between the concrete slab to be cast and the rear surface of the rear wall, reinforced by horizontal reinforcement bars, the ends of which being bent 90 degrees and positioned in a vertical position within the cells of the building elements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

DK 181065 B1 10 Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the following diagrams, wherein: Figure 1 shows schematically a building block system for foundation of prior art; Figure 2 shows schematically a vertical cross-section view of an embodiment of a typically wall on top of a foundation; Figure 3a-3d shows schematically and in perspective different views of an embodiment of a building element according to the invention; Figures 4a and 4b show schematically and in perspective the views of an embodiment of a building element according to the invention; Figures 5a and 5b show a detail A and detail B from figures 4a and 4b respectively; Figure 6 shows schematically and in perspective the view of one embodiment of an installed building element with reinforcement bars and bent reinforcement bars 31 and insulation plates in the inner side of the foundation; Figure 7 shows schematically and in perspective the same as shown in Figure 4, but with two building elements installed along each other; Figure 8 shows schematically a top view of one installed building element with reinforcement bars arranged, ready for pouring of concrete; Figure 9 shows schematically a top view of one building element with marked cross sections A and B; and.

Figures 10a-10b shows schematically a vertical section of the building element shown in Figure 9, see along the lines A and B of Figure 9 respectively.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The following description of the exemplary embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention configured to be integrated in building block systems. The exemplary embodiments disclosed in the drawings should not be understood as a limitation to the scope of protection of the invention, merely to illustrate certain aspects of the invention.

The same reference numbers in the different drawings identify the same or similar elements. The following detailed description does not limit the invention. Instead, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Reference throughout the specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in

DK 181065 B1 11 connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the subject matter disclosed. Thus, the appearance of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout the specification is not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner or in one or more embodiments.

When referring to vertical and horizontal, reference is made to a building element resting on a horizontal surface.

Figure 1 shows schematically a view in perspective of a section of a prior art foundation system with a building element 10 placed on a sole element 40, where reinforcement bars 30 are placed in both the building element 10 and in the sole element 40 and thereafter filled with concrete. The sole element 40 is considerably wider than the building element 10 of the foundation; in order to give a more stable and sufficient sole foundation for the wall.

Figure 2 shows schematically a view of an end section of a typical assembly of a wall 35 typically installed about seven days after installation of the foundation when the concrete has been cured sufficiently. A XPS insulation plate 33 is placed at the outside of the foundation for frost protection, since the ground is not usually frost- free. This insulation 33 has the same horizontal length as the depth of the average ground frost for that specific area of installation to prevent damages to the foundation. The XPS insulation 33 plates at the outside of the foundation shall have a 10-20 cm of masses on top, typically masses of earth and gravel. Insulation 32 is placed at the ground encircled by the foundation to sufficient height before the concrete slab is being casted together with the concrete inside the building elements

10. The Figure 2 shows a monolithic connection between the concrete 34 of the concrete slab making the floor inside the foundation and the concrete 34 inside the building element 10 of the foundation, with bent reinforcement bar 31being reinforcing throughout the monolithic connection. Horizontal placed reinforcement bars 30 being placed lengthwise inside the building element 10 are reinforcing the concrete throughout the inside of the building elements 10 forming the foundation.

Figures 3a-3d show schematically and in perspective different views of an embodiment of a building element 10 according to the present invention. The building element 10 comprises in longitudinal direction an outer/first wall 12, Figure 3a, and an inner/second wall 11, Figure 3c, the inner and outer/first walls being parallel. The inner/second wall 11 is lower in height than the outer/first wall 12, and comprises a horizontal longitudinal part 20 protruding perpendicularly out from the top of the inner/second wall 11 in inwards the building element 10 and being formed

DK 181065 B1 12 with an upper horizontal surface.

An inner string 17 extends upwards from the horizontal surface of the longitudinal part 20 to the same height as the height of the opposite outer/first wall 12, the outer side of the inner string 17 being sideways offset to the outer side of the inner/second wall 11 of about 30 % of the distance between the outer sides of the inner/second wall and outer/first wall, respectively.

The inner/second wall 11, upward restricted by the horizontal longitudinal part 20, and the outer/first wall 12 constitute a base part 16, Figure 3b, provided with at least three transverse, intermediate lower ribs/steps 14 extending between the inner surface of the inner/second wall 11 and inner surface of the outer/first wall 12. The inner string 17 and outer/first wall 12 are downwardly restricted by the horizontal longitudinal part 20 constitute an upper part 15, Figure 3b, with at least two transverse intermediate upper ribs/steps 13 extending between the inner string 17 and outer/first wall 12. The inner string 17 comprises at least one downwardly extending recess 21 positioned between the at least two transverse intermediate upper ribs.

The building elements comprises hollow spaces restricted by the outer/first wall, inner/second wall, inner string, transverse upper and lower ribs with lower hollow rooms at base part 16 and upper hollow rooms at upper part 15. The hollow spaces define the space for filling concrete.

The distance between the inner surface of the inner/second wall 12 and inner surface of the outer/first wall 12, forming the hollow space in the base part 16, is about one and a half time the distance between the inner string 17 and the outer/first wall 12 making the hollow space of the base part 16 about one and a half time broader than the hollow space of the upper part 15, giving a sufficient width for sole foundation purposes of the integrated sole element of the building element 10. This broader base of concrete gives a larger bearing surface to the ground, eliminating the need of a sole element 40 as described in Figure 1. The Figures 3a-3d show four transverse upper ribs/steps 13, but is not restricted to four, it may be fewer, and it may be more with regards to the length of the building element 10. The Figure 3a-3d shows six transverse lower ribs/steps 14, but is not restricted to six, it may be fewer, and it may be more with regards to the length of the building element 10. The building elements 10 are connected together with tongues and grooves at each end of the building elements 10. At least one tongue 24 at upper part 15 are connected with a complementary groove 25 (not shown) at the opposite end of a next building element 10. Optionally elements of lower tongues 22 at base part 16 may be connected with optionally elements of complementary lower grooves 23 at

DK 181065 B1 13 the base part 16 at the opposite end of a next building element 10. The design and geometry of the tongues and grooves is not limited to what is shown in the sketches, but can have other shapes.

The hollow space between the ribs/steps 13, 14 has vertical recesses 27, 28 inthe outer/first wall 12. The recesses 27, 28 in both the upper part 15 and base part 16 make the concrete core in the building element 10 broader giving a less eccentric placed/loaded ground beam on top of the building element 10, which in turn improves the stability and ability to guide/lead load down into the ground.

Figures 4a and 4b show schematically and in perspective different views of an embodiment of a building element 10 according to the present invention.

Figures 5a and 5b show a detail A and detail B from figures 4a and 4b respectively. Detail A shows a tongue 24 and detail B shows a groove 25. One building element 10 are connected with one end with its tongue 24 to a groove 25 of an opposite end of another building element 10 in order to build a foundation.

Figure 6 shows schematically and in perspective the view of a single installed building element 10, where reinforcement bars 30 are inserted/threaded into the building element, and with pre-bent reinforcement bars 31 threaded vertically down in the building element 10 and bent 90 degrees, resting over the upper set of reinforcement bars 30 and positioned in the recesses 21 of the inner strings 17, the horizontal part being positioned a required distance above the upper surface of the insulation 32 to secure the required concrete coverage. The bent reinforcement bars 31are pointing inwards over the built foundation, enabling connection with the reinforcement of the concrete base slab 34 to be casted. One or more layers of insulation 32 are placed in the room restricted by the foundation, but not higher than the fundament surface 20 for inner string 17. The foundation and the inner room restricted of the foundation are to be filled with concrete to the height of the building element 10. The concrete may make a continuously and monolithic connection between the concrete slab and the concrete of the foundation through bridges between the concrete slab and the concrete of the foundation made in the recesses 21 inthe inner string 17.

Figure 7 shows schematically and in perspective the view of two installed building elements 10 as shown in Figure 6for illustration of how building elements 10 are stacked sideways.

Figure 8 shows a top view of a building element 10 with reinforcement bars 30 and bent reinforcement bars 31.

DK 181065 B1 14 Figure 9 shows a top view of the building element 10. A concrete fibre sheet 26 is shown making the surface finish of the outer/first wall 12, where each building element 10 is completed with a concrete fibre sheet 26 at production site.

Figures 10a and 10b show cross sections A and B of the building element 10 seen along the lines A-A and B-B respectively n Figure 9. Figure 10a shows the cross section through the lines A-A of the upper rib/step 13 of the building element

10. The upper rib/step 13 is provided with a cradle shaped surface 18 where reinforcement bars 30 can be placed for rest. Figure 10b shows the cross section B through lower rib/step 14 of the building element 10. The lower rib/step 14 is provided with a cradle shaped area 19 where reinforcement bars 30 can be placed for rest. The upper rib/steps 13 have at their bottom (not shown), a tapered shape in order to prevent up-floating of the building element 10 during concrete filling as may be a problem with a flat bottom.

DK 181065 B1

Table 1

Claims

DK 181065 B1 16 Requirements

1. Building element (10) for a foundation, wherein the building element comprises a longitudinal first wall (12) and a longitudinal second wall (11) which are separated from each other and arranged in parallel, the first and second walls (11, 12) being mutually connected at their lower end by a plurality of transverse ribs/steps (13, 14), wherein an upper surface of the transverse ribs (13, 14) is provided with groove frills for horizontal reinforcing bars (30) which can be arranged in the horizontal direction of the foundation with a gap between the outer and inner walls to bind adjacent building elements (10) together and reinforce the foundation, characterized in that the second wall (11) is provided with recesses (21) at their upper end, intended for the placement of reinforcement (31) that binds the building element (10) with a foundation plate, the building element (10) forms an integrated monolithic structure and a plurality of vertical cells open at both ends.

2. Building element (10) according to claim 1, wherein the second wall (11) is lower than the height of the first wall (12), and a horizontal longitudinal part (20) which projects, perpendicularly flush with the top of the second wall ( 11), inwards in the building element (10) and an inner flange (17) which projects upwards from the horizontal longitudinal part (20) to the same height or to a lower height than the opposite first wall (12), where it is a parallel displacement to both the second wall (11) and the first wall (12), leaving an opening between the inner flange (17) and the first wall (12).

3. Building element (10) according to claim 2, where the first wall (12) and the second wall (11) are connected by at least two lower transverse ribs/steps (14) forming a bottom part (16), and the first wall ( 12) and the inner flange (17) are connected by at least two upper transverse ribs/steps (13) forming an upper part (15).

4. Building element (10) according to claim 3, where the building element (10) comprises a — integrated sole element comprises the bottom part (16).

DK 181065 B1 17

5. Building element (10) according to any one of claims 2-4, where the building element (10) has at least one recess (21) in the top of the inner wall (17) which forms the open space for reinforcement elements that enable reinforcement connection between the building element (10) and the reinforcement in a concrete base plate.

6. Building element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second wall (11) is 70-80%, preferably 78%, of the height of the first wall (12).

7. Building element (10) according to one of claims 2-6, wherein the opening between the inner wall (17) and the first wall (12) is 50-70%, preferably 60%, of the distance between the inner surface of the second wall (11) and the inner surface of the first wall (12).

8. Building element (10) according to any one of claims 2-7, where the inner wall (17) has at least the same thickness as the second wall (11).

9. Building element (10) according to claim 8, where the building element (10) comprises at least one cavity between the at least two lower ribs/steps (14) and at least one cavity between the — at least two upper ribs/steps (13), where a wider cavity for concrete between the second wall (11) and first wall (12), than between the inner wall (17) and the first wall (12), provides a larger support surface for the ground.

10. — Building element (10) according to one of claims 8 or 9, where each of the transverse — upper and lower ribs/steps (13, 14), respectively, comprises at least one cradle-shaped area (18, 19), where reinforcing bars (30 ) can rest.

11. Building element (10) according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the building element (10) is made of a material of expanding polystyrene (EPS).

DK 181065 B1 18

12. Building element (10) according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the longitudinal second wall (12) has additionally mounted a finishing surface of concrete fiberboard (26) on its outer side.

13. — Building element (10) according to claim 12, where the concrete fiberboard (26) is mounted using at least one of the following; an adhesive and mechanically by a locking strip and/or clip.

14. Building element (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, where the building elements (10) are connected to each other with at least one tongue (24) and at least one groove (25) at each opposite end of the building elements, where the at least one ferrule (24) is connected to the at least one groove (25) from the next building element.

15. Method for installing a foundation using the building element (10) from claims 1-14, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: — establishing a leveled gate of gravel with a width of at least 700-800 mm; — marking of corners, leveling of the construction site and preparation for piping and —>o other installation work; — installation of a radon barrier according to the classification of the radon barrier, before or after the installation of building elements (10) in the foundation; — installation of building elements (10) starting with corner elements for the building elements (10), after which the building elements (10) are installed, trimming and adjusting the lengths; — locking devices are placed in the joints between the installed building elements (10), which, in addition to the element geometry, hold the building elements (10) together;

DK 181065 B1 19 — inserting or threading reinforcing bars (20) from the side at both the upper ribs/steps (13) and lower ribs/steps (14) with an overlap and tied together longitudinally with wires or plastic strips; — insertion of bent reinforcing bars (31) vertically into the building element (10), where the horizontal part of the bent reinforcing bar (31) rests in the recesses (21) of the inner wall (17) pointing inwards into the foundation; — placement of insulation inside the foundation/area surrounded by the foundation at the desired height or at a recommended height that matches the height of the building elements (10), the anchoring is placed on top for later casting of a concrete slab surrounded by the foundation; — stabilization of masses to be filled on the outside of the foundation, possibly grouting or gluing with sealant to seal thermal bridges; — filling concrete from the top of the building elements (10) into the cavities of the building elements (10), simultaneously filling concrete in the area surrounded by the foundation forming the concrete slab; — wiping concrete leaking from openings in the wall.

16. Method for installing a foundation according to claim 15, where a vapor barrier and/or waterborne heat is installed on top of the insulation before reinforcement is laid on top for later casting of the concrete slab.

17. — Method for installing a foundation according to one of claims 15-16, where a joint strip or adhesive joint can possibly be mounted between the concrete fiberboards after wiping off concrete leaking from openings.