DK173548B1 - Process for the treatment of heterogeneous plastics materials and those of plastics material made of the thus treated sheet - Google Patents
Process for the treatment of heterogeneous plastics materials and those of plastics material made of the thus treated sheet Download PDFInfo
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- DK173548B1 DK173548B1 DK199201504A DK150492A DK173548B1 DK 173548 B1 DK173548 B1 DK 173548B1 DK 199201504 A DK199201504 A DK 199201504A DK 150492 A DK150492 A DK 150492A DK 173548 B1 DK173548 B1 DK 173548B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/50—Mixing receptacles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/02—Mixing; Kneading non-continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices, i.e. batch type
- B29B7/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/28—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for measuring, controlling or regulating, e.g. viscosity control
- B29B7/283—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for measuring, controlling or regulating, e.g. viscosity control measuring data of the driving system, e.g. torque, speed, power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
- B29B7/44—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with paddles or arms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0476—Cutting or tearing members, e.g. spiked or toothed cylinders or intermeshing rollers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DK 173548 B1DK 173548 B1
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til behandling af heterogene plastmaterialer omfattende følgende trin: tilvejebringelse af mindst to forskellige termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere i findelt form og behandling af polymerene eller copolymerene ved omrøring og blanding i apparatur med blandings- og 5 omrøringsfunktion.The present invention relates to a process for treating heterogeneous plastics materials comprising the steps of: providing at least two different thermoplastic polymers or copolymers in comminuted form and treating the polymers or copolymers by stirring and mixing in apparatus with mixing and stirring function.
Som det er kendt, er det ønskeligt at genanvende affalds-plastmaterialer, såsom de, der fremkommer ved bortskaffelse af emballageartikler eller materiale blandet med føderester i husholdningsaffald, for at undgå eller i det mindste reducere ophobningen af dette affald i naturen og også forhale opbrugen af kilder til ikke-10 fomyelige råmaterialer, især råolie, som indgår i fremstilling af plastmaterialer.As is well known, it is desirable to recycle waste plastics, such as those resulting from the disposal of packaging articles or materials mixed with feed residues in household waste, to avoid or at least reduce the accumulation of this waste in nature and also delay the use of waste. sources of non-susceptible raw materials, especially crude oil, which are included in the manufacture of plastic materials.
Ifølge den nuværende teknik nødvendiggør genanvendelse af termoplastiske polymere separat genvinding og genanvendelse af plastmaterialer af forskellig kemisk natur, fordi de generelt ikke er blandbare med hinanden, og der, når man forsøger at genanvende blandinger af faste partikler af forskellige termoplastiske 15 polymere ved anvendelse af de samme maskiner og de samme procesbetingelser som anvendt, når der er tale om en enkelt termoplastisk polymer, fås artikler, som udgøres af heterogent materiale, hvis mekaniske, fysiske og kemiske karakteristika, såsom elasticitetsmodulus, trækstyrke, bøjestyrke, trykstyrke, bestandighed mod kemisk angreb af forskellige væskeformige eller gasformige stoffer osv., ikke er velde-20 finerede.According to the present technique, recycling of thermoplastic polymers requires separate recycling and recycling of plastics materials of different chemical nature, because they are generally incompatible with each other, and when trying to recycle mixtures of solid particles of different thermoplastic polymers using the the same machines and the same process conditions as used in the case of a single thermoplastic polymer, articles are made of heterogeneous material whose mechanical, physical and chemical characteristics such as modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, flexural strength, compressive strength, resistance to chemical attack of various liquid or gaseous substances, etc., are not well defined.
I praksis sætter behovet for separat genvinding og genanvendelse af de forskellige termoplastiske polymere en begrænsning af en økonomisk størrelsesordenen, som betydeligt nedsætter mulighederne for genanvendelse af affalds-plastmaterialer, især sådanne, som er indeholdt i husholdningsaffald.In practice, the need for separate recycling and recycling of the various thermoplastic polymers limits the economic order, which significantly reduces the possibilities for recycling of waste plastic materials, especially those contained in household waste.
25 Formålet med opfindelsen er at muliggøre opnåelse af et nyt termoplas tisk materiale, som er i stand til at blive anvendt på samme måde og indenfor de samme industrielle anvendelsesområder som de kendte termoplastiske materialer, men som er opnået ud fra mindst to termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere af forskellig kemisk natur uden forudgående separation eller sortering af sådanne polymere eller 30 copolymere efter deres kemiske natur.The object of the invention is to enable the obtaining of a new thermoplastic material which is capable of being used in the same way and in the same industrial applications as the known thermoplastic materials, but obtained from at least two thermoplastic polymers or copolymers. of different chemical nature without prior separation or sorting of such polymers or copolymers by their chemical nature.
Formålet med opfindelsen er herunder at muliggøre genanvendelse af sådanne termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere.The object of the invention is, below, to enable the recycling of such thermoplastic polymers or copolymers.
Til opnåelse af dette formål er fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen karakteriseret ved, at energiforbruget af apparaturet med blandings- og omrøringsfunktion 35 måles, og behandlingen afbrydes, når der er indtruffet en tydelig forøgelse af energiforbruget af apparaturet med blandings- og omrøringsfunktion.For this purpose, the method according to the invention is characterized in that the energy consumption of the apparatus with mixing and stirring function 35 is measured and the treatment is discontinued when there is a marked increase in the energy consumption of the apparatus with mixing and stirring function.
DK 173548 B1 2DK 173548 B1 2
Den nævnte behandling gennemføres fordelagtigt i et lukket kammer, som er forsynet med mekaniske omrøringsanordninger. De nævnte mekaniske omrøringsanordninger samarbejder fordelagtigt med anordninger til at måle den energi, som absorberes af materialet, som underkastes behandlingen, og de omfatter mindst 5 mindst én omrørerdel, som f.eks. omfatter en rotor forsynet med en flerhed af blade.Advantageously, said treatment is carried out in a closed chamber provided with mechanical agitators. Said mechanical agitators advantageously cooperate with devices to measure the energy absorbed by the material undergoing the treatment, and they comprise at least 5 at least one agitator portion, such as e.g. comprises a rotor provided with a plurality of blades.
Den eller de kemiske eller fysisk-kemiske processer, der finder sted under forløbet af gennemførelsen af fremgangsmåden og sikrer omdannelsen af udgangsblandingen af forskellige termoplastiske polymere til et homogent materiale, er endnu ikke fuldt opklarede, og opfindelsen er ikke på nogen måde begrænset med 10 hensyn til naturen af disse processer, med hensyn til den rækkefølge, hvori de forløber, eller deres varighed.The chemical or physico-chemical process (s) that take place during the course of the process and ensure the conversion of the starting mixture of various thermoplastic polymers into a homogeneous material is not yet fully elucidated and the invention is by no means limited to 10 considerations. to the nature of these processes, in terms of the order in which they proceed or their duration.
Det ser imidlertid ud til, at de faste partikler under omrørings- og blandingsbehandlingen af blandingen af termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere samtidig undergår en hurtig individuel opvarmning på grund af deres gensidige friktion og/-15 eller deres friktion mod omrørerdelene og væggene af behandlingskammeret, således at de praktisk talt alle opvarmes samtidig til en temperatur, som ligger indenfor hvert af deres respektive blødgøringsintervaller. Det ser også ud til, at der forekommer en nedsættelse af den gennemsnitlige partikelstørrelse på et vist stadium af behandlingen, hvor i det mindste en del af partiklerne stadig foreligger i fast tilstand, eller i det mind-20 ste en del af partiklerne er i det mindste delvis i flydende eller pastaagtig tilstand.However, it appears that the solid particles during the stirring and mixing treatment of the mixture of thermoplastic polymers or copolymers undergo rapid individual heating due to their mutual friction and / -15 or their friction against the stirrer portions and walls of the treatment chamber, such that they are practically all heated simultaneously to a temperature which is within each of their respective softening intervals. It also appears that there is a reduction in the average particle size at some stage of the treatment, where at least a portion of the particles are still in the solid state, or at least a portion of the particles are present in it. at least partially in liquid or pasty condition.
Hvad grunden end er, bemærker man en relativt brat overgang fra et stadium, i hvilket de forskellige individuelle termoplastiske polymer- eller copolymerpartik-ler af udgangsblandingen er adskilt fra hinanden og kan observeres individuelt, til et senere stadium, hvor det ikke mere er muligt at skelne separations-grænseflader mel-25 lem partiklerne, og hvor hele massen har antaget et homogent udseende, bortset fra eventuel forekomst af partikler af materiale, som ikke er blandbart med de termoplastiske polymere.Whatever the reason, one observes a relatively steep transition from a stage in which the various individual thermoplastic polymer or copolymer particles of the starting mixture are separated from each other and can be observed individually, to a later stage where it is no longer possible to distinguish separation interfaces between the particles and where the whole mass has assumed a homogeneous appearance, except for the presence of particles of material which are not miscible with the thermoplastic polymers.
Disse fænomener er fuldstændig overraskende i betragtning af, at der kan være tale om polymerpartikler med et relativt lavt smeltepunkt, f.eks. polyolefiner, 30 og polymerpartikler med et relativt højt smeltepunkt, såsom polyamider.These phenomena are completely surprising considering that these may be polymer particles with a relatively low melting point, e.g. polyolefins, and polymer particles having a relatively high melting point, such as polyamides.
Temperaturen, som nås i blandingen af termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere, som underkastes behandlingen ved den her omhandlede fremgangsmåde, ligger generelt i området fra 150 til 300eC.The temperature reached in the mixture of thermoplastic polymers or copolymers subjected to the treatment of the present process generally ranges from 150 to 300 ° C.
Den homogene masse, der fremkommer ved omrøring- og blandingsbe-35 handlingen, fås i almindelighed i form af en pasta, der har rheologiske egenskaber svarende til den såkaldte "pseudoplastiske tilstand".The homogeneous mass obtained by the stirring and mixing treatment is generally obtained in the form of a paste having rheological properties corresponding to the so-called "pseudoplastic state".
DK 173548 B1 3DK 173548 B1 3
Fordelagtigt underkastes denne homogene pastaagtige masse umiddelbart en granuleringsbehandling, som tjener til at bringe massen i form af granulat af den sædvanlige type, som er egnet til anvendelse i maskiner, der fremstiller støbte eller sprøjtestøbte dele ifølge kendte industrielle metoder.Advantageously, this homogeneous paste-like mass is immediately subjected to a granulation treatment which serves to bring the mass in the form of granules of the usual type suitable for use in machines producing molded or injection molded parts according to known industrial methods.
5 Til dette formål kan der anvendes enhver granuleringsmaskine af en kendt type, f.eks. anvendelse af ekstrudering under tryk. Fordelagtigt, og også på i og for sig kendt måde, gennemføres der filtrering af pastaen under granuleringsprocessen, f.eks. ved hjælp af en sigte af trådnet, således at partikler af fast materiale, som eventuelt er indeholdt i pastaen, fraskilles. Sådanne partikler af fast materiale kan be-10 stå af varmehærdende polymere, metaller, uorganiske materialer, såsom affald af sten, glas osv., og generelt af ethvert materiale, som ikke er blandbart med de termo-plastiske polymere.For this purpose, any granulating machine of a known type can be used, e.g. application of extrusion under pressure. Advantageously, and also in a manner known per se, filtration of the paste is carried out during the granulation process, e.g. by means of a sieve of wire mesh so that particles of solid material, which may be contained in the paste, are separated. Such solid particles may be composed of heat-curing polymers, metals, inorganic materials such as rock, glass, etc., and generally any material which is immiscible with the thermoplastic polymers.
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er især anvendelig til behandling af et udgangsmateriale, der indeholder mindst to forskellige termoplastiske polymere 15 eller copolymere i en findelt tilstand, og mindst ét fast materiale, som ikke er blandbart med de nævnte termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere. Mindst ét trin med filtrering af det fremkomne produkt gennemføres derpå til fraskillelse fra produktet af partikler af materiale, som er forskelligt fra det homogene termoplastiske materiale og er spredt i dette materiale.The process of the invention is particularly useful for treating a starting material containing at least two different thermoplastic polymers or copolymers in a finely divided state, and at least one solid material which is not miscible with said thermoplastic polymers or copolymers. At least one stage of filtration of the resulting product is then carried out to separate from the product particles of material different from the homogeneous thermoplastic material and dispersed in this material.
20 Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen kan gennemføres kontinuerligt eller diskontinuerligt, dvs. ved behandling af udgangsblandingen af termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere i successive portioner.The process according to the invention can be carried out continuously or discontinuously, i.e. by treating the starting mixture of thermoplastic polymers or copolymers in successive portions.
Et apparat til gennemførelse af fremgangsmåden kan omfatte et kammer forsynet med omrørings- og blandingsanordninger, anordninger til indføring af et ud-25 gangsmateriale, der skal behandles i kammeret, og anordninger til fjernelse fra kammeret af produktet opnået ved behandlingen af udgangsmaterialet i dette kammer.An apparatus for carrying out the method may comprise a chamber provided with stirring and mixing devices, devices for introducing an output material to be processed into the chamber, and devices for removal from the chamber of the product obtained by the treatment of the starting material in this chamber.
Fordelagtigt omfatter omrøreranordningen mindst en propel eller rotor forsynet med blade og roterende med høj hastighed, f.eks. med en rotationshastighed på mellem 1000 og 2800 omdr./min.Advantageously, the agitator device comprises at least one blade or rotor equipped with blades and high speed rotators, e.g. with a rotation speed of between 1000 and 2800 rpm.
30 Der kan imidlertid anvendes enhver anden passende omrører og/eller blander og/eller blandeanordninger, som kan være mekaniske eller ikke-mekaniske.However, any other suitable agitator and / or mixer and / or mixer may be used which may be mechanical or non-mechanical.
Ifølge en særlig fordelagtig udførelsesform for apparatet har det nævnte kammer cylindrisk form og en vandret akse, og omrører- og biandingsanordningerne udgøres af en rotor, der er forsynet med en flerhed af blade, idet denne rotor er mon-35 teret koaksialt med kammerets akse og strækker sig derigennem og er forbundet til en DK 173548 B1 4 drivanordning tii rotering af rotoren, hvilken drivanordning er placeret udenfor kammeret.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the apparatus, said chamber has a cylindrical shape and a horizontal axis, and the stirring and mixing devices are constituted by a rotor provided with a plurality of blades, said rotor being coaxially mounted with the axis of the chamber and extends therethrough and is connected to a drive device for rotating the rotor, which drive device is located outside the chamber.
Opfindelsen angår også en del af plastmateriale fremstillet ved sprøjtestøbning af det ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen fremstillede, homogene ter-5 moplastmateriale.The invention also relates to a portion of plastic material made by injection molding the homogeneous thermoplastic material made by the process according to the invention.
Opfindelsen forkfares nærmere i den følgende detaljerede beskrivelse af eksempelvise udførelsesformer for fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen og en eksempelvis udførelsesform for et apparat til gennemførelse af denne fremgangsmåde, hvor der henvises til tegningen, på hvilken 10 fig. 1 viser apparatet skematisk set forfra, fig. 2 viser en del af apparatet vist i fig. 1 skematisk og set forfra, fig. 3 viser den samme del af apparatet som fig. 2 skematisk, men med visse elementer og dele vist i tværsnit, fig. 4 viser apparatet skematisk i tværsnit, og 15 fig. 5 viser skematisk en del af en rotor, som udgør en del af apparatet.The invention is further elucidated in the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the method according to the invention and an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out this method with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the apparatus; FIG. 2 shows part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is a schematic and front view; 3 shows the same part of the apparatus as FIG. 2 schematically, but with certain elements and parts shown in cross section, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus, and FIG. 5 schematically shows a part of a rotor which forms part of the apparatus.
Apparatet vist i fig. 1-5 omfatter et cylindrisk kammer 2 med en vandret akse, som er forsynet med en fødetragt 4, som er placeret i en øvre stilling, og en udløbsbrønd 5. En rotor 6, som er monteret koaksialt inden i kammeret 2, drives ved hjælp af en elektrisk motor 7. Væggene af kammeret 2 består af en samling 10 dannet 20 ved samling af to halvcylindriske skaller 11 og 12, som er samlet ved hjælp af et hængsel langs en sidekant 13 og en sikkerheds-lukkeanordning 14, som er placeret langs kanten 15 og modsat kanten 14.The apparatus shown in FIG. 1-5 comprises a cylindrical chamber 2 having a horizontal axis provided with a feeder funnel 4 located in an upper position and an outlet well 5. A rotor 6 mounted coaxially within the chamber 2 is driven by of the electric motor 7. The walls of the chamber 2 consist of a joint 10 formed 20 by the assembly of two semi-cylindrical shells 11 and 12 which are assembled by a hinge along a side edge 13 and a safety closure device 14 which is located along the edge 15 and opposite edge 14.
Den øvre skal 12 er forbundet til en pneumatisk anordning 16 af i og for sig kendt type, som gør det muligt at åbne den ved drejning omkring hængslet 13. Den 25 drivende bevægelse af rotoren 6 ved hjælp af motoren 7 overføres ved hjælp af en pneumatisk reguleret kobling 18. Rotationen af rotoren 6 kan afbrydes efter ønske ved hjælp af en bremseanordning 21, som også er reguleret pneumatisk.The upper shell 12 is connected to a pneumatic device 16 of a type known per se, which allows it to be opened by turning about the hinge 13. The driving motion of the rotor 6 by means of the motor 7 is transmitted by means of a pneumatic device. controlled coupling 18. The rotation of the rotor 6 can be interrupted at will by means of a braking device 21, which is also pneumatically controlled.
Rotoren 6 er understøttet ved hver af sine ender af et leje 22, som er fastgjort på en søjle 23. En gevindforbindelse 24 gør det muligt at føre hver ende af 30 akselen af rotoren 6 tæt gennem væggen af kammeret 2.The rotor 6 is supported at each of its ends by a bearing 22 secured to a column 23. A threaded connection 24 permits each end of the shaft of the rotor 6 to pass tightly through the wall of the chamber 2.
Et beskyttelsesdække 26 (fig. 1) omgiver den del af apparatet, som omfatter kammeret 2 og rotorlejeme 22.A protective cover 26 (Fig. 1) surrounds the portion of the apparatus comprising the chamber 2 and the rotor bearings 22.
Som det fremgår bedst af fig. 5, omfatter rotoren 6 en cylindrisk aksel 30, som er forsynet med en flerhed af radiale blade 31, 32, der har to forskellige typer af 35 forme. Nærmere bestemt er orienteringen af bladene 32, som er monteret i nærheden af hver ende af akselen 30 således, at den virker i retning af at give en portion DK 173548 B1 5 materiale, som behandles i kammeret, en bevægelse, som virker i retning af skubbe dette materiale bort fra kammervæggen, der støder op til enderne af akselen 30, og bringe det tilbage mod det indre af kammeret, gennem området, som er underkastet omrørings- og blandingsvirkningen af bladene 31.As best seen in FIG. 5, the rotor 6 comprises a cylindrical shaft 30 provided with a plurality of radial blades 31, 32 having two different types of 35 molds. More specifically, the orientation of the blades 32 mounted near each end of the shaft 30 to act in providing a portion of material which is processed in the chamber is a movement which acts in the direction of pushing this material away from the chamber wall adjacent to the ends of shaft 30 and bringing it back toward the interior of the chamber, through the area subjected to the stirring and mixing action of the blades 31.
5 Fordelagtigt er diameteren af kammeret 2 og længden af bladene 31 og 32 en sådan, at når rotoren 6 har stuetemperatur eller en temperatur nær stuetemperatur, er lysningen mellem spidserne af bladene 31 og 32 og den indre væg 40 af kammeret 2 af størrelsesordenen 0,5-1 mm.Advantageously, the diameter of the chamber 2 and the length of the blades 31 and 32 are such that when the rotor 6 has room temperature or a temperature near room temperature, the clearance between the tips of the blades 31 and 32 and the inner wall 40 of the chamber 2 is of the order of 0. 5-1 mm.
Det har vist sig at være fordelagtigt, at dimensionere rotoren 6 og dens 10 drivmotor 7 således i forhold til det indre volumen af kammeret 2, at den maksimale mekaniske energi, som kan overføres til materialet, der behandles i kammeret 2, af rotoren 6, er af størrelsesordenen 1-2 kW pr. liter af materialet. Ved f.eks. et totalt indre volumen af kammeret 2 på 85 liter (hvilket er tilfældet med en eksperimentel prototype), har det vist sig, at den maksimale effekt afgivet af motoren fordelagtigt er 15 af størrelsesordenen 128 kW.It has been found advantageous to size the rotor 6 and its drive motor 7 so as to the internal volume of the chamber 2 that the maximum mechanical energy transferable to the material processed in the chamber 2 by the rotor 6 is of the order of 1-2 kW per year. liter of the material. For example, a total internal volume of the chamber 2 of 85 liters (which is the case with an experimental prototype), it has been found that the maximum power delivered by the engine is advantageously 15 of the order of 128 kW.
EKSEMPEL 1EXAMPLE 1
Det anvendte udgangsmateriale er en blanding af termoplastiske polymere i form af uregelmæssigt formede fragmenter, men alle med dimensioner mindre end 20 5 mm, der stammer fra genvinding af affalds-plastmaterialer i husholdningsaffald, og som efter fraskillelse fra de andre komponenter i affaldet blot er underkastet en vask-ning med vand efterfulgt af en tørring.The starting material used is a mixture of thermoplastic polymers in the form of irregularly shaped fragments, but all having dimensions less than 20 5 mm, resulting from the recycling of waste plastic materials in household waste and which, after separation from the other components of the waste, are merely subjected to a wash with water followed by a drying.
Den gennemsnitlige sammensætning af dette materiale er følgende (i vægtprocent): 25 ABS-harpiks 50 polyvinylchlorid 20 polypropylen 15 polyethylen 5 30 polyamid 5 polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA) 5The average composition of this material is as follows (in weight percent): 25 ABS resin 50 polyvinyl chloride 20 polypropylene 15 polyethylene 5 30 polyamide 5 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) 5
Til behandling af denne blanding anvendes et apparat af den ovenfor beskrevne art, hvor omrørings- og blandingskammeret har et indre volumen på 85 liter, 35 motoren anvendt til at drive rotoren er en trefaset elektrisk motor med polskifter med en maksimal effekt på 140 kW, der forsynes med en 380 V/50 Hz strøm med en DK 173548 B1 6 cosinus phi-værdi på 0,85. Efter en rotationstid af rotoren af størrelsesordenen 3 minutter noteres en stejl stigning, umiddelbart efterfulgt af en stabilisering, af effekt-forbruget af massen, som underkastes omrøring og blanding, hvilket viser en top i intensiteten af strømmen, der leveres til motoren, og som når en maksimal værdi af 5 størrelsesordenen 270-280 A ved toppens maksimum. Varigheden af stigningen af intensiteten af strømmen mellem udgangsværdien og toppens maksimum samt varigheden af det efterfølgende fald af intensiteten (til en stabiliseret værdi, som er over udgangsværdien) er begge ca. 5 sekunder. Rotationstiden for rotoren forlænges ca. 10-20 sekunder ud over stabiliseringen af intensiteten af strømmen leveret til roto-10 rens drivmotor, hvorefter rotoren stoppes, og den homogene gellignende pastaagtige masse, som fremkommer ved behandlingen af polymerene, umiddelbart udvindes.For the treatment of this mixture, an apparatus of the kind described above is used wherein the stirring and mixing chamber has an internal volume of 85 liters, the motor used to drive the rotor is a three-phase electric motor with pole changer with a maximum power of 140 kW, which is supplied with a 380 V / 50 Hz current with a DK 173548 B1 6 cosine phi value of 0.85. After a rotational time of the rotor of the order of 3 minutes, a steep increase, immediately followed by a stabilization, is noted for the power consumption of the mass, which is subjected to stirring and mixing, which shows a peak in the intensity of the current supplied to the motor, which reaches a maximum value of 5 on the order of 270-280 A at the peak maximum. The duration of the increase in the intensity of the current between the output value and the peak maximum, as well as the duration of the subsequent decrease in the intensity (to a stabilized value which is above the output value) are both approx. 5 seconds. The rotation time of the rotor is extended approx. 10-20 seconds in addition to stabilizing the intensity of the current delivered to the rotor drive motor, after which the rotor is stopped and the homogeneous gel-like paste-like mass resulting from the treatment of the polymers is immediately recovered.
Denne masse underkastes enten umiddelbart efter udtagning fra behandlingskammeret eller efter størkning ved afkøling en granuleringsbehandling ved ekstrudering i en maskine af en kendt type, med filtrering ved hjælp af en sigte af tråd-15 net. Der fås på denne måde et granulat af termoplastisk materiale med en størrelse på ca. 3 mm, der har et perfekt homogent udseende, selv ved betragtning med et forstørrelsesglas. Dette granulat er perfekt egnet til anvendelse i en industriel sprøjtestøbe-maskine på samme måde som granulat af ren termoplastisk ABS-harpiks, hvilket gør det muligt at opnå støbte dele med fremragende kvalitet, som udviser en perfekt iso-20 tropi af de mekaniske og fysiske egenskaber.This mass is subjected either immediately after withdrawal from the treatment chamber or after solidification by cooling to a granulation treatment by extrusion in a machine of a known type, with filtration by means of a sieve of wire mesh. In this way, a granule of thermoplastic material having a size of approx. 3 mm that has a perfectly homogeneous appearance, even when viewed with a magnifying glass. This granulate is perfectly suitable for use in an industrial injection molding machine in the same way as pure thermoplastic ABS resin granules, enabling excellent quality molded parts exhibiting a perfect isotropy of the mechanical and physical properties.
EKSEMPEL 2EXAMPLE 2
Der gås frem på samme måde som i eksempel 1, men anvendes som råmateriale en blanding af termoplastiske polymere, der har følgende gennemsnitlige 25 sammensætning (i vægtprocent): DK 173548 B1 7Proceed in the same manner as in Example 1, but use as a raw material a mixture of thermoplastic polymers having the following average composition (in weight percent): DK 173548 B1 7
Polyethylen (en blanding af lige dele højdensitets-og lavdensitets-polyethylen) 45Polyethylene (a mixture of equal parts high density and low density polyethylene) 45
Polystyren 20 5 Polyvinylchlorid 20Polystyrene 20 5 Polyvinyl chloride 20
Blanding af lige dele polyester og polyamid 12Blend of equal parts polyester and polyamide 12
Polymethylmethacryiat (PMMA) 3 10 Der bemærkes efter en rotationstid af rotoren på ca. 90 sekunder en top i intensiteten af strømmen leveret til motoren, der når en maksimumsværdi af størrelsesordenen 230 A. Rotationstiden forlænges ligesom i eksempel 1 med ca. 10-20 sekunder efter denne top, før den homogene gellignende pastaagtige masse med pseudoplastisk konsistens, der fremkommer ved behandlingen, udvindes.Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) 3 10 It is noticed after a rotation time of the rotor of approx. 90 seconds a peak in the intensity of the current delivered to the motor reaching a maximum value of the order of 230 A. The rotation time is extended as in Example 1 by approx. 10-20 seconds after this peak, before recovering the homogeneous gel-like paste-like mass with pseudoplastic consistency resulting from the treatment.
15 Der gennemføres derefter en granulering ved ekstrudering, med filtrering af pastaen, som i eksempel 1.An extrusion granulation is then carried out, by filtration of the paste, as in Example 1.
Der fås på denne måde et homogent granulat af termoplastisk materiale, som er egnet til anvendelse i en industriel sprøjtestøbemaskine på lignende måde som granulat af ren højdensitets-polyethylenharpiks.In this way, a homogeneous granule of thermoplastic material is obtained which is suitable for use in an industrial injection molding machine similar to granules of pure high density polyethylene resin.
20 Det skal bemærkes, at den netop beskrevne proces er perfekt egnet til fremstilling af et termoplastisk materiale, der har forudbestemte egenskaber, som ligger mellem egenskaberne af de forskellige udgangs-polymere og -copolymere, og at det er muligt at holde egenskaberne af slutproduktet konstante, selv når der er tale om variationer i den gennemsnitlige sammensætning af blandingerne, der anvendes som 25 råmateriale.It should be noted that the process just described is perfectly suitable for the preparation of a thermoplastic material having predetermined properties which lies between the properties of the various starting polymers and copolymers and that it is possible to keep the properties of the final product constant. , even in the case of variations in the average composition of the mixtures used as a feedstock.
Faktisk, og som det vil forstås af en fagmand, er det kun nødvendigt at analysere udgangsmaterialerne og slutproduktet for at bestemme de mængder af termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere af en eller flere typer, der skal sættes til udgangsblandingeme, for at opnå de korrektioner, der er nødvendige for at opnå et 30 slutprodukt, der har de ønskede egenskaber, og bibeholde disse egenskaber i tilfælde af variationer i sammensætningen af råmaterialerne.Indeed, and as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, it is only necessary to analyze the starting materials and the final product to determine the amounts of thermoplastic polymers or copolymers of one or more types to be added to the starting mixtures to obtain the corrections that are necessary to obtain a final product having the desired properties and retaining these properties in case of variations in the composition of the raw materials.
Naturligvis kan der på i og for sig kendt måde til blandingerne af termoplastiske polymere eller copolymere sættes ethvert stof eller enhver stofblanding, som er i stand til at forbedre egenskaberne af det færdige termoplastiske materiale, f.eks.Of course, in a manner known per se to the mixtures of thermoplastic polymers or copolymers, any substance or mixture which is capable of improving the properties of the finished thermoplastic material, e.g.
35 blødgørere, stabiliseringsmidler, farvestoffer, fyldstoffer osv., og det er klart, at på grund af selve naturen af processerne i fremgangsmåden, der omfatter en blanding og DK 173548 B1 8 omrøring, som er særlig effektiv, opnås der en perfekt homogen fordeling af disse stoffer i det færdige produkt.35 softeners, stabilizers, dyes, fillers, etc., and it is clear that due to the very nature of the processes of the process comprising a mixture and stirring which is particularly effective, a perfectly homogeneous distribution of these substances in the finished product.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT91TO288 IT1245070B (en) | 1991-04-16 | 1991-04-16 | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE HOMOGENIZATION OF WASTE OF PLASTIC MATERIAL OF A DIFFERENT NATURE FOR THE PURPOSE OF A REUSE OF THE SAME SIZES |
| ITTO910288 | 1991-04-16 | ||
| PCT/CH1992/000064 WO1992018310A1 (en) | 1991-04-16 | 1992-04-08 | Method and device for transforming a raw material containing at least two different thermoplastic materials into a novel homogeneous thermosplatic material |
| CH9200064 | 1992-04-08 |
Publications (3)
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|---|---|
| DK150492A DK150492A (en) | 1992-12-16 |
| DK150492D0 DK150492D0 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
| DK173548B1 true DK173548B1 (en) | 2001-02-19 |
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| DK92907183T DK0539534T3 (en) | 1991-04-16 | 1992-04-08 | A method of converting a starting material containing at least two different thermoplastic materials into a new one |
| DK199201504A DK173548B1 (en) | 1991-04-16 | 1992-12-16 | Process for the treatment of heterogeneous plastics materials and those of plastics material made of the thus treated sheet |
Family Applications Before (1)
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| DK92907183T DK0539534T3 (en) | 1991-04-16 | 1992-04-08 | A method of converting a starting material containing at least two different thermoplastic materials into a new one |
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| DE4301066A1 (en) * | 1993-01-16 | 1994-07-21 | Igu Umweltschutzanlagen | Method and device for processing plastic waste |
| AUPM621894A0 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1994-07-07 | Ri-Industries | Plastic recycler |
| US5503788A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1996-04-02 | Lazareck; Jack | Automobile shredder residue-synthetic plastic material composite, and method for preparing the same |
| DE19500174C1 (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-07-18 | Ermafa Kunststofftechnik Chemn | Process for producing agglomerate from plastic waste |
| US5674033A (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1997-10-07 | Ruegg; Thomas Arthur | Vehicle tie-down system for container |
| US5801205A (en) * | 1995-06-19 | 1998-09-01 | Ein Engineering Co., Ltd. | Reprocessed resin formed of thermoset resin formed material, method for reprocessing thermoset resin foamed material and method for molding molded article formed of the reprocessed resin |
| GB2339783A (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-09 | Plasalloy Limited | Recovery and re-use of material from post-consumer waste |
| JP2002292628A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-09 | Sony Corp | Method for reuse of used resin |
| US7682353B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2010-03-23 | Coloplast A/S | Catheter device |
| DE60230634D1 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2009-02-12 | Coloplast As | A CATHETER ARRANGEMENT |
| US7311698B2 (en) | 2001-09-24 | 2007-12-25 | Coloplast A/S | Urinary catheter assembly allowing for non-contaminated insertion of the catheter into a urinary canal |
| JP2005053120A (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-03-03 | Koohan:Kk | Method for molding synthetic resin product using synthetic resin waste material |
| EP1595671A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-16 | New Generation Holding | Apparatus and process for recycling plastic materials |
| JPWO2006035820A1 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2008-05-15 | リファインバース株式会社 | Method for producing regenerated modified resin compound and regenerated modified resin compound |
| CN102062522B (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-07-04 | 鑫海绳网制造有限公司 | Method and device for drying regenerated material granules |
| CN102294767B (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2014-10-29 | 南昌大学 | Method for recovering and granulating waste plastic |
| US9585784B2 (en) | 2011-08-29 | 2017-03-07 | Coloplast A/S | Catheter activation by handle removal |
| SG11201509204YA (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2015-12-30 | Polywaste Intellectual Property Pty Ltd | A system and a method for processing plastic, and plastic processed therefrom |
| AT517337B1 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-15 | Sonderhoff Engineering Gmbh | mixing device |
| CN105965714A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 东莞市昶丰橡塑机械科技有限公司 | Novel continuous mixing machine structure |
| CN109382929B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2021-09-21 | 潍坊云鼎新材料科技有限公司 | Non-heating type high-speed melt blending machine |
| CN107599202B (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-09-17 | 青岛中嘉建设集团有限公司 | Building construction plastic granule agitator |
| CN111645214A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江富全塑业有限公司 | Plastic material mixing equipment for packaging container and operation method thereof |
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| DE1118959B (en) * | 1955-07-12 | 1961-12-07 | Draiswerke Ges Mit Beschraenkt | Method and device for the preparation of thermoplastics or thermosets |
| FR1262631A (en) * | 1960-04-19 | 1961-06-05 | Lampe Norma Soc Auto Lampe | Further training in headlight adjustment devices and in particular for motor vehicles |
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| FR1263631A (en) * | 1960-04-20 | 1961-06-09 | Draiswerke Gmbh | Improvements to processes and devices for preparing plasticized masses of plastics |
| AU508463B2 (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1980-03-20 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft and C-unter Papenmeier KG | Pulverulent rubber mixture |
| AT368737B (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1982-11-10 | Oesterr Schiffswerften | DEVICE FOR PROCESSING THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC MATERIAL |
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1991
- 1991-04-16 IT IT91TO288 patent/IT1245070B/en active IP Right Grant
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1992
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- 1992-04-08 AU AU14348/92A patent/AU653011B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 1992-04-08 DK DK92907183T patent/DK0539534T3/en active
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- 1992-04-13 DZ DZ920037A patent/DZ1571A1/en active
- 1992-04-14 PT PT100385A patent/PT100385B/en active IP Right Grant
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- 1992-04-14 NZ NZ242352A patent/NZ242352A/en unknown
- 1992-04-15 WO PCT/IT1992/000044 patent/WO1992018312A1/en active Application Filing
- 1992-04-15 MX MX9201792A patent/MX9201792A/en unknown
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