DK162154B

DK162154B - SPRAY WATER SAFETY COVER SYSTEM CLOSING A LOAD OPEN IN THE TIRE OF A TURTLE SHIP

Info

Publication number: DK162154B
Application number: DK238188A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Arto Nikander
Original assignee: Macgregor Navire Sa
Priority date: 1987-05-04
Filing date: 1988-05-02
Publication date: 1991-09-23
Also published as: FI871938A0; NL8801152A; FI77823C; FI871938A; DK238188A; DE3815138A1; FI77823B; DK162154C; DK238188D0

Description

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DK 162154 BDK 162154 B

Opfindelsen angår et afdækningssystem til sprøjtevandsikker lukning af lastiugeåbningen i dækket på et tørlastskib, idet det nævnte afdækningssystem består af en gastæt sæk, fortrinsvis fremstillet af groft lærred eller lignende ma-5 teriale, på hvilken der i systemets lukkede stilling er sat overtryk med en gas, fortrinsvis luft, idet skibet er udstyret med en vogn, der løber langs siderne af lugeåbningens ramme og bærer en tromle, på hvilken sækken kan rulles op for at åbne lugeåbningen.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cover system for spray-waterproof closure of the cargo opening in the deck of a dry cargo ship, said cover system being comprised of a gas-tight sack, preferably made of coarse canvas or similar material, to which overpressure is applied in the closed position of the system. preferably air, the ship being equipped with a carriage running along the sides of the hatch opening frame and carrying a drum on which the bag can be rolled up to open the hatch opening.

1010

Lastlugerne, som er konstrueret ifølge de regler, der er udarbejdet af klassifikationsselskaberne, og almindeligvis i stål, og som bruges til at afdække lastrummene i tørlastskibe, skal være dimensioneret til en vejrbelastning på 15 1,7 t/m2 og er derfor meget tunge. Desuden er lugerne på de fleste moderne skibe konstrueret til at bære en betragtelig dækslast, for eksempel containere eller tømmer i bundter.The cargo hatches, designed in accordance with the regulations drawn up by the classification societies, and generally in steel, used to cover the cargo holds of dry cargo vessels, must be dimensioned to a weather load of 15 1.7 t / m2 and are therefore very heavy. Furthermore, the hatches of most modern ships are designed to carry a considerable deck load, such as containers or timber in bundles.

Ved bygningen af nye skibe har der været en kontinuerlig tendens i retning af større lugeåbninger for at gøre last-20 ning lettere. Som følge af den større spændvidde og lastekapacitet, til hvilken der er henvist ovenfor, er vægten af lugerne forøget betragteligt. Når den er som højest, er lugevægten af størrelsesordenen 250 kg/m2.In the construction of new ships, there has been a continuous trend towards larger hatch openings to facilitate loading. Due to the greater span and load capacity referred to above, the weight of the hatches has increased considerably. At its highest, the hatch weight is of the order of 250 kg / m2.

25 Hvis lastlugerne var af en lettere konstruktion, så ville skibe være i stand til at medføre en større nyttelast, hvilket, især i tilfældet med små skibe, kunne være en afgørende faktor med henblik på lønsomhed ved brugen af skibet.25 If the cargo hatches were of a lighter design, then ships would be able to carry a larger payload, which, especially in the case of small vessels, could be a decisive factor for profitability in the use of the ship.

30 I FI patentansøgning nr, 854.217 og DE offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.301.453 er der foreslået en fremgangsmåde til vejrfast afdækning af lugeåbningerne til lastrummene på et skib ved hjælp af en gastæt pude fremstillet af groft lær-35 red, der, når den bliver pustet op med luft under overtryk, bliver stiv og antager en form, der får det vand, der kan30 In FI Patent Application No. 854,217 and DE Publication No. 2,301,453, a method of weatherproofing of the hatch openings to the cargo holdings of a ship is proposed by means of a gas-tight cushion made of coarse leather, which when breached up with air under overpressure, becomes stiff and assumes a form that gets the water that can

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2 falde på den, til at flyde ned. Til tætning skal det grove lærred fastgøres til lugeåbningens ramme.2 fall on it, to float down. For sealing, the coarse canvas must be attached to the hatch opening frame.

Imidlertid, eftersom der som en del af de løsninger, der er 5 beskrevet i de nævnte publikationer, ikke er foreslået andre tætningsarrangementer mellem rammen og det grove lærred end en overlapning, er de kun anvendelige som beskyttelse mod regn, når skibet befinder sig i en havn. For at afdækningssystemet skal være anvendeligt til søs, er mini-10 mumskravet, at det skal være sprøjtevandsikker. Dette betyder, at afdækningssystemet skal udstyres med en eller anden form for tætning til at forhindre det vand, der er kastet op på dækket af bølgerne, i at komme ind i lastrummene. For at opnå dette skal det grove lærred tætnes mod rammen med 15 passende midler.However, since, as part of the solutions described in the aforementioned publications, no sealing arrangements between the frame and the coarse canvas have been proposed other than an overlap, they are only useful as protection against rain when the ship is in a Harbor. For the cover system to be applicable at sea, the mini-10 mum requirement is that it must be spray-water proof. This means that the cover system must be equipped with some type of seal to prevent the water thrown onto the deck by the waves from entering the cargo compartments. To achieve this, the coarse canvas must be sealed against the frame by 15 suitable means.

Formålet med opfindelsen er at opnå et lugeåbningsafdækningssystem, hvori der er inkorporeret et automatisk sprøjtevandsikker tætningsarrangement mellem lugeåbningens ramme 20 og afdækningssækken, der er fremstillet af groft lærred eller noget dermed ækvivalent, såvel som et brugbart betjeningssystem til afdækningen af lugeåbninger med en størrelse, der er i størrelsesordenen 25*50 m.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide a hatch opening cover system in which an automatic spray waterproof sealing arrangement is incorporated between the hatch opening frame 20 and the cover bag made of coarse canvas or something equivalent, as well as a useful operating system for covering hatch openings, in the order of 25 * 50 m.

25 Løsningen ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at afdækningssækken på de sider af lugeåbningens ramme, der løber langs siderne af skibet, er udstyret med forlængelser, der er fremstillet af groft lærred eller lignende materiale, hvilke forlængelser er udstyret med midler, såsom led, ved 30 hjælp af hvilke forlængelserne automatisk fastgøres til holdemidler, såsom kroge, monteret på den udvendige side af lugeåbningens ramme, idet nævnte fastgørelse bliver strammet, når sækken bliver pustet op med luft under overtryk, således at denne stramning har den virkning, der består i 35 at tilvejebringe tætning mellem det grove lærred og kanten af rammen.The solution according to the invention is characterized in that the cover bag on the sides of the hatch opening frame which runs along the sides of the ship is equipped with extensions made of coarse canvas or similar material, which extensions are provided with means such as joints. By means of which the extensions are automatically attached to retaining means, such as hooks, mounted on the outside of the hatch opening frame, said fastening being tightened when the bag is inflated with air under overpressure, so that this tension has the effect of providing sealing between the coarse canvas and the edge of the frame.

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33

En foretrukken udførelsesform for afdækningssystemet ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at rammens kant, der kommer i kontakt med den af groft lærred bestående konstruk-5 tion, har en form, der svarer til formen af afdækningssækken, når den er under spænding og er anbragt vandret.A preferred embodiment of the covering system according to the invention is characterized in that the edge of the frame which comes into contact with the rough canvas structure has a shape which is similar to the shape of the cover bag when under tension and is arranged horizontally. .

En anden foretrukken udførelsesform for afdækningssystemet ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at rammens kant, 10 der kommer i kontakt med det grove lærred, består af et glat, rundt rør eller noget dermed ækvivalent.Another preferred embodiment of the covering system according to the invention is characterized in that the edge of the frame 10, which comes into contact with the coarse canvas, consists of a smooth, round tube or something thus equivalent.

I det følgende beskrives opfindelsen i detaljer ved hjælp af eksempler på foretrukne udførelsesformer, idet der hen-15 vises til den vedføjede tegning, på hvilken:In the following, the invention is described in detail by way of examples of preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 viser et skematisk sidebillede af et skib med et lugeåbningsafdækningssystem som tilvejebragt ved opfindelsen, 20 fig. 2 viser en del af afdækningssystemet i fig. 1, set fra oven, fig. 3 viser et snit gennem fig. 1 langs linien III-III, 25 og fig. 4 viser afdækningssystemet i et billede, der til dels er et snitbillede.FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a ship with a hatch cover system as provided by the invention; FIG. 2 shows part of the covering system of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of FIG. 1 along line III-III, 25 and FIG. 4 shows the cover system in an image which is partly a sectional image.

30 Fig. 1 viser et skib 1, der bruges til transport af tørlast. Lugeåbningen til lastrummet i skibet er afdækket med et groft lærred 3, der spoles op på en valse 2 for at åbne lugeåbningen. Skibet i fig. 1 er en lægter med et dæk, men opfindelsen er anvendelig til små flodbåde eller ligeledes 35 til søgående skibe. Det grove lærred er gastæt og udgør en sæk, der kan pustes op med luft under overtryk, hvilkenFIG. 1 shows a ship 1 used for the transport of dry cargo. The hatch opening to the cargo compartment of the ship is uncovered with a coarse canvas 3 that is wound onto a roller 2 to open the hatch opening. The ship of FIG. 1 is a deck with a deck, but the invention is applicable to small riverboats or likewise 35 for seagoing vessels. The coarse canvas is gas tight and forms a bag that can be inflated with air under pressure, which

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4 luft tilføres via slanger og passende ventiler (for eksempel på den måde, der er beskrevet i FI patentansøgning nr. 854.217), således at sækken bliver en stiv pude med en bueformet øvre overflade for at gøre det muligt for vandet at 5 løbe ned. Når lugeåbningen skal åbnes, udtømmes luften først gennem passende ventiler, hvorpå det grove lærred rulles op på en tromle 2 monteret på en vogn 4, der bevæger sig langs siderne af lugeåbningen. Lugeåbningen lukkes ved at udføre disse operationer i den modsatte rækkefølge. Et 10 punkt af væsentlig betydning ved håndteringen af den store sæk af groft lærred - for at gøre operationerne lettere og for at forebygge beskadigelse af sækken - er at holde det grove lærred tilstrækkelig stramt under opspolningsopera-tionerne. Dette opnås ved at anvende en hydraulisk mekanis-15 me til at rotere tromlen og bevæge vognen.4 air is supplied via hoses and appropriate valves (for example, in the manner described in FI Patent Application No. 854,217) so that the bag becomes a rigid pad with an arcuate upper surface to allow the water to run down. When the hatch opening is to be opened, the air is first discharged through appropriate valves, whereupon the coarse canvas is rolled up on a drum 2 mounted on a trolley 4 which moves along the sides of the hatch opening. The hatch opening is closed by performing these operations in the opposite order. A 10 point essential in handling the large bag of coarse canvas - to make operations easier and to prevent bag damage - is to keep the coarse canvas sufficiently tight during the rewind operations. This is achieved by using a hydraulic mechanism to rotate the drum and move the carriage.

På grund af lugeåbningens store dimensioner kan det grove lærred ikke med rimelighed holdes stramt nok til at formindske den afvigelse, der skyldes dets egen vægt, til et 20 niveau nær ved nul, eftersom dette ville føre til en meget høj spænding i det grove lærred 3, og svarende dertil en tung konstruktion i tromlen 2, vognen 4 og driftsmekanismerne. Som et led i opfindelsen er dette problem løst ved at lade sækken af groft lærred bøje ned under moderat spæn-25 ding og give kanten af rammen 10, på hvilken konstruktionen af det grove lærred skal støttes, en tilsvarende form. Dette gør det muligt for det grove lærred at blive bragt i stilling på rette måde. Rammen 10, der kommer i kontakt med det grove lærred, består fortrinsvis af et glat, rundt rør 30 6 (fig. 3-4).Due to the large dimensions of the hatch opening, the coarse canvas cannot reasonably be held tight enough to reduce the deviation due to its own weight to a 20 level near zero, as this would result in a very high tension in the coarse canvas 3 , and corresponding thereto a heavy construction in the drum 2, carriage 4 and operating mechanisms. As part of the invention, this problem is solved by allowing the bag of coarse canvas to bend under moderate tension and to give the edge of the frame 10 on which the construction of the coarse canvas to be supported a similar shape. This allows the coarse canvas to be positioned properly. The frame 10, which comes into contact with the coarse canvas, preferably consists of a smooth, round tube 30 6 (Figs. 3-4).

Når sækken 3 af groft lærred er bredt ud og pustet op, tættes afdækningen automatisk som følger: Kanterne af afdækningssækken 3 er udstyret med passende dimensionerede for-35 længelser 5, der er fremstillet af forstærket groft lærred, der, når sækken spoles ud på lugeåbningen, hænger ned på deWhen the rough canvas sack 3 is wide and inflated, the cover is sealed automatically as follows: The edges of the cover sack 3 are provided with appropriately sized extensions 5 made of reinforced coarse canvas which when flushed out on the hatch opening. , hangs on them

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5 ydre sider a£ lugeåbningens ramme 10 (udstyret med et glat, rundt rør 6 ved den kant, der berører det grove lærred som vist i fig. 3-4). Denne forlængelse af groft lærred er udstyret med gribemidler, for eksempel led 7 eller ringe, 5 fastgjort til dem med passende afstande, således at, når forlængelserne af det grove lærred hænger på den udvendige side af lugeåbningens ramme, er disse led eller ringe automatisk bragt i en stilling lige over for det tilsvarende holdemiddel 8, såsom kroge, monteret på rammen. Når sækken 10 af groft lærred bliver pustet op, forsvinder det mellem leddene og krogene forekommende spillerum, der kræves for at gøre det muligt for dem at komme i indgreb i forbindelse med, at sækken spoles ud og afdækningen strammes, fordi sækkens form - på grund af trykket inde i sækken - tenderer 15 i retning af formen af en kugle, og derved formindskes tværdimensionen af lugeåbningsafdækningen.5 outer sides of the hatch opening frame 10 (equipped with a smooth, round tube 6 at the edge touching the coarse canvas as shown in Figs. 3-4). This coarse canvas extension is provided with gripping means, for example joints 7 or rings, 5 attached to them at appropriate distances, so that when the coarse canvas extensions hang on the outside of the hatch opening frame, these joints or rings are automatically brought in a position opposite the corresponding holding means 8, such as hooks, mounted on the frame. When the bag 10 of coarse canvas is inflated, there exists a gap between the joints and the hooks required to allow them to engage when the bag is flushed out and the cover is tightened because the bag's shape - due to of the pressure inside the bag - 15 tends towards the shape of a ball, thereby reducing the cross-sectional dimension of the hatch opening cover.

For at holde den del af den store sæk af groft lærred, der bøjer ned, ude af lastrummet, er sækken konstrueret på en 20 sådan måde, at dens bundoverflade er så ret som muligt, medens dens topoverflade antager en på passende måde bueformet form for at gøre det muligt for vandet at løbe ned. En sådan form opnås ved at skære den øvre del af sækken til med dimensioner, der er større end dimensionerne for den 25 nedre del og ved at udstyre den nedre overflade med støttereb eller -bånd 11 (fig. 2-3), der strammes, når sækken spoles ud over lugeåbningen. Resultatet af dette er, at de fleste af de kræfter, der påvirker afdækningen, optages af den nedre side af sækken, medens den øvre overflade tilve-30 jebringer den krævede form.In order to keep the portion of the large bag of coarse canvas that bends down out of the cargo compartment, the bag is constructed in such a way that its bottom surface is as straight as possible while its top surface assumes a suitably arched shape for to allow the water to run down. Such a shape is obtained by cutting the upper portion of the sack to dimensions larger than the dimensions of the lower portion and by equipping the lower surface with support ribs or straps 11 (Figs. when the bag is flushed out over the hatch opening. The result of this is that most of the forces affecting the cover are absorbed by the lower side of the bag, while the upper surface provides the required shape.

Det er en selvfølge for en fagmand, at opfindelsen ikke er begrænset til de ovenfor diskuterede eksempler på udførelsesformer for opfindelsen, men at opfindelsen i stedet kan 35 varieres inden for omfanget af de krav, der følger.It will be obvious to one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the examples of embodiments of the invention discussed above, but that the invention may instead be varied within the scope of the claims that follow.

Claims

A spray system for sealing waterproof closure of a cargo hatch opening in the deck of a dry cargo ship (1), said cover system consisting of a gas-tight sack (3), preferably made of coarse canvas or similar material, to which is set in the closed position of the system. overpressure with a gas, preferably air, the ship being equipped with a carriage (4) running along the sides of the hatch opening frame (10) and carrying a drum (2) or the like on which the bag (3) can be rolled open to open the hatch opening, characterized in that the cover bag (3) on the sides of the hatch opening frame (10) running along the sides of the ship (1) is provided with extensions (5) made of coarse canvas or similar material, which extensions are provided with means such as joints (7), by means of which the extensions (5) are automatically attached to retaining means such as hooks (8) mounted on the outside of the door opening frame, said fastener when the bag (3) is inflated with air under pressure, such tightening has the effect of providing a seal between the coarse canvas and the edge of the frame.

Covering system according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the frame (10) which comes into contact with the rough canvas structure (5) has a shape similar to the shape of the cover bag (3) when it is under tension and is placed horizontally. 30

Covering system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the edge of the frame (10) which comes into contact with the coarse canvas (5) consists of a smooth, round tube (6) or something thus equivalent.