DK155719B

DK155719B - TOWERS FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

Info

Publication number: DK155719B
Application number: DK498282A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Dieter Braun; Klaus Koglin
Original assignee: Westfalia Werke Knoebel
Priority date: 1981-11-10
Filing date: 1982-11-09
Publication date: 1989-05-08
Also published as: DK498282A; EP0087504A1; EP0079068A2; EP0087504B1; EP0079068A3; DK498182A; DE8132786U1; DK155719C; DK155426C; EP0079068B1; DK155426B

Description

iin

DK 155719 BDK 155719 B

Opfindelsen angår en én eller tandemakslet anhænger til motorkøretøjer, med en opbygning af en platform, som er begrænset 5 af sidevægge, som består af plader, der er omgivet af metal- profilrammer og af den i krav l's indledning angivne art.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a single or tandem axle trailer for motor vehicles, having a structure limited to 5 side walls, consisting of plates surrounded by metal profile frames and of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Især ved anhængere til motorkøretøjer, som anvendes til transport af læs, har opbygningen hidtil hyppigt været udformet 10 således, at de dertil anvendte plader blev omgivet af et U- formet profil eller også af et vinkelprofil af metal. Dette profil havde i det væsentlige den opgave at beskytte pladekanterne - det bidrog ikke væsentlig til stivheden af den samlede opbygning. Derfor udførtes forbindelserne af de enkelte j5 plader med hinanden, f.eks. hjørneforbindelserne mellem siderne og bagvæggen, eller hjørneforbindelsen mellem bund og sidevægge ved hjælp af særlige beslag, som i det væsentlige var forbundet med pladerne, som udgjorde de egentlige vægge, og kun i få tilfælde havde ekstra forbindelser med de profiler, som omgav 2Q pladerne. Derved fremkom der en særlig opbygning, som stillede særlige fordringer til konstruktionen og monteringen og i det hele taget var forholdsvis omstændelig og vanskelig. Ikke blot forøgedes vægten af anhængeren til ugunst for nyttelasten, men omkostningerne til fremstillingen og reparation var 25 også væsentlig højere. De fleste forbindelser ved denne opbyg ning, især for så vidt det drejer sig om forbindelser i pladefladerne - også de forbindelser, som fastgjorde de enkelte dele i opbygningen med særlige beslag, altså f.eks. sidevæggene til bunden, er udført med skruer. Skruehoveder og især også 30 møtrikker samt de derfra fremstående skruestilke afbryder de glatvæggede flader og danner navnlig hindringer med hensyn til den med køretøjer forbundne ulykkesrisiko. Hvis de enkelte plader ved den hidtidige opbygning var omgivet af metalrammer, var forbindelsen af de enkelte plader ved hjørnerne også van-35 skelig, fordi der i hvert tilfælde ved de særlige forbindelses beslag, som f.eks. vinkel jern og tilsvarende, skulle tages hensyn til den anden tykkelse i området for pladernes omramning. Det var derfor nødvendigt med forkrøpninger i forbindelsesbeslagene eller tilsvarende formgivningstilpasninger.Especially for motor vehicle trailers used for transporting loads, the structure has so far been frequently designed 10 such that the plates used for this were surrounded by a U-shaped profile or also by an angular profile of metal. This profile essentially had the task of protecting the plate edges - it did not contribute significantly to the stiffness of the overall structure. Therefore, the connections of the individual j5 plates were made with each other, e.g. the corner connections between the sides and the back wall, or the corner connection between the bottom and the side walls by means of special brackets, which were essentially connected to the plates constituting the actual walls, and in only a few cases had extra connections with the profiles which surrounded the 2Q plates. This created a special structure which placed special demands on the design and assembly and on the whole was relatively cumbersome and difficult. Not only did the weight of the trailer increase in favor of the payload, but the cost of manufacturing and repair was also significantly higher. Most of the connections in this structure, especially as far as connections in the plate surfaces are concerned - also the connections that fixed the individual parts of the structure with special fittings, ie. the side walls to the bottom are made with screws. Screw heads and especially 30 nuts as well as the resulting stems interrupt the smooth-walled surfaces and in particular create obstacles to the accident risk of vehicles. If the individual plates in the previous structure were surrounded by metal frames, the connection of the individual plates at the corners was also difficult, because in each case the special connection fittings, such as for example. angle iron and the like should be taken into account the second thickness in the area of the plate framing. Therefore, crimpings in the connection fittings or similar design adjustments were necessary.

22

DK 155719 BDK 155719 B

Fra beskrivelsen til DE-brugsmønster 8.132.786 kendes en éneller tandemakslet anhænger til motorkøretøjer med en opbygning af en platform, der er begrænset af sidevægge, der består af med metalprofilrammer omgivne plader, og hvor rammens profil 5 har indbyrdes parallelle ben til at anbringes på pladernes yder- og inderflade, og profilbenene har udformninger, der formsluttende indgriber i modsvarende former af pladerne, tilligemed en benene forbindende krop, i hvilken forbindelse påsvejste møtrikker påsættes på profilets krop fra profilets inderside, og hvor der til disse møtrikker findes gennemgående huller i profilet.From the description of DE usage pattern 8,132,786 a single or tandem axle trailer for motor vehicles is known having a structure limited by sidewalls consisting of metal profile frames surrounded by plates, and the profile of the frame 5 having mutually parallel legs to be mounted on the outer and inner surfaces of the plates, and the profile legs have designs which formally engage in corresponding forms of the plates, as well as a bone connecting body, in which connection welded nuts are applied to the body of the profile from the inside of the profile, and through which holes there are through holes in the profile. .

Det er den foreliggende opfindelses formål at videreudvikle og forbedre de ovennævnte opbygninger, der består af plader, 1 o der er omgivet af metalprofilrammer, og at undgå de ved teknikkens generelle stade forekommende mangler ved anhængere og deres opbygninger og anvise en opbygning, hvor de enkelte bund-, sidevægs- og tilsvarende elementer udformet som plader er fast forbundet med deres metalprofiIrammer, som omgiver dem, og indbyrdes forbindes uden hjælpeforanstaltninger fra særskilte yderligere beslag, især ved hjælp af skrueforbindelser, hvorhos disse skrueforbindelser er "afglattet", dvs. at de er anbragt således, at de om muligt er usynlige eller 25 i det mindste kun rager lidt ud over deres omgivelser.It is an object of the present invention to further develop and improve the above-mentioned structures consisting of sheets, surrounded by metal profile frames, and to avoid the deficiencies of trailers and their structures and to design a structure in which the individual bottom, sidewall and similar elements formed as sheets are firmly connected to their metal profile frames surrounding them and are mutually interconnected without the aid of separate additional fittings, in particular by screw connections, whereby these screw connections are "smoothed", ie. that they are arranged so that they are, if possible, invisible or at least slightly project beyond their surroundings.

For at tilgodese dette formål er den indledningsvist omtalte anhænger ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 anførte, idet særligt foretrukne udførelag sesformer fremgår af den kendetegnende del af krav 2 og 3.For the purpose of this purpose, the trailer according to the invention is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1, in which particularly preferred embodiments appear in the characterizing part of claims 2 and 3.

Ved denne forbindelse af rammeprofilerne med pladerne henholdsvis pladekanterne og pladerne indbyrdes opnås en væsentlig forbedring af rammeprofilernes forbindelse med pladerne, hvor 35 den formsluttende forbindelse for rammeprofilerne med pladerne, henholdsvis pladerandene udformes således, at rammeprofilerne med pladerne i praksis danner en enhed, der også med henblik på styrke og statik gør det muligt at indsætte væsentlig større værdier end, når opbygningens plader alene skal medregnes i stvrkeberecrningen. Endvidere opnår man den fordel, at 3By this connection of the frame profiles with the plates and the plate edges and the plates among themselves, a substantial improvement is achieved in the connection of the frame profiles with the plates, whereby the form-fitting connection of the frame profiles with the plates and the plate edges, respectively, is formed so that the frame profiles with the plates also form a unit, For the sake of strength and statics, it is possible to insert significantly larger values than when the building's plates are to be taken into account in the strength calculation alone. Furthermore, the advantage that 3

DK 155719 BDK 155719 B

de uden for pladerne henholdsvis profilerne værende skruehoveder er dækket på en sådan måde, at mulighed for uheld og beskadigelse af personer praktisk taget er udelukket eller g mindst næsten er fuldstændig forhindret. løvrigt er skruerne også væsentlig bedre beskyttet herved, således at skruernes beskadigelse i det mindste i stor udstrækning er hindret i forbindelse med groft arbejde.the screw heads outside the panels or profiles are covered in such a way that the possibility of accident and injury to persons is practically excluded or at least almost completely prevented. The screws are also significantly better protected thereby, so that the damage of the screws is at least largely prevented during heavy work.

2q Ved at benet af rammens U-profil ved sin ende er bukket retvink let udad og danner en benflange, der fortrinsvis har den samme længde som benet for det profil, der skal forbindes dermed, opnås en væsentlig forøgelse af styrken for hjørneforbindelserne mellem de enkelte vægdele henholdsvis mellem vægdelene og bundpladen. Hermed får man også en forbedring af tætheden for forbindelsen i hjørneforbindelserne.2q By the leg of the U-profile of the frame at its end being bent at right angles slightly outwards and forming a leg flange, preferably having the same length as the leg of the profile to be connected therewith, a substantial increase in the strength of the corner connections between the individual wall parts respectively between the wall parts and the base plate. This also improves the density of the connection in the corner joints.

Anhængeren ifølge opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere ved hjælp af udførelseseksempler med henvisning til tegningen.The trailer according to the invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing.

2o På tegningen viser fig. 1 en énakslet anhænger til motorkøretøjer set perspektivisk, 25 fig. 2 et snit gennem en hjørneforbindelse, f.eks. mellem bund og sidevæg, langs linien IV-IV i fig. 1.2o In the drawing, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a single-axle trailer for motor vehicles; FIG. 2 is a section through a corner joint, e.g. between bottom and side wall, along line IV-IV of FIG. First

En køretøjsanhænger ifølge opfindelsen består af chassiset med hjulene 1 samt en platform eller bundplade 2, sidevæggene 30 3, forvæggen 4 samt bagvæggen 5. De enkelte vægge består af træ, træmateriale eller også af et andet materiale, og de er på alle sider omgivet af metalprofiler.A vehicle trailer according to the invention consists of the chassis with the wheels 1 as well as a platform or base plate 2, the side walls 30 3, the front wall 4 and the rear wall 5. The individual walls are made of wood, wood material or also of another material and are surrounded on all sides by metal profiles.

Som vist i fig. 2 er sidevæggene 3's og bunden 2's henholds-35 vis forvæggen 4's plader omgivet af U-formede metalprofiler.As shown in FIG. 2, the side walls 3 and bottom 2, respectively, of the panels of the front wall 4 are surrounded by U-shaped metal profiles.

Både om yderkanterne på sidevægspladen 3 som også om yderkantern på bundpladen 2 henholdsvis forvægspladen 4, er der anbragt et U-profil, som er dannet af bukket metalplade eller dybt-trukket metalplade. Profilet selv består af de to ben 5 og 4Both the outer edges of the side wall plate 3 as well as the outer edge of the base plate 2 and the front wall plate 4, respectively, are arranged a U-profile formed of bent metal plate or deep-drawn metal plate. The profile itself consists of the two legs 5 and 4

DK 155719 BDK 155719 B

6, som er forbandet med hinanden ved kroppen 7, der ligger på tværs foran pladeranden. Ved mindst én af de to plader, som danner en vægside i det foreliggende tilfælde ved den 5 plade, som danner sidevæggen 3, findes der mellem kroppen 7 og den egentlige . pladekant 8 et mellemrum 9. I dette mellemrum er der med indbyrdes afstand fra indersiden på U-profilets krop 7 påsat svejsemøtrikker 10. Til hver svejsemøtrik hører der et gennemgående hul i U-profilets krop 7. Tilsvarende gennemgående huller er anbragt i det derunder viste profil og i forvæggens plade 4. Disse er antydet ved den stiplede linie 11. Til forbindelsen føres der udefra en skrue ind i disse huller 11 og denne skrues fast i svejsemøtrikken 10, som sidder fast i det øverste U-profil.6, which are interconnected by the body 7 which is transverse to the plate edge. At least one of the two plates forming a wall side in the present case at the 5 plate forming the side wall 3 is located between the body 7 and the actual one. plate edge 8 is a gap 9. In this gap, welding nuts 10 are spaced apart from the inside of the U-profile body 10. Each welding nut has a through-hole in the U-profile body 7. Corresponding through-holes are arranged in the shown below. profile and in the front wall plate 4. These are indicated by the dashed line 11. For the connection, a screw is inserted from the outside in these holes 11 and this is screwed into the welding nut 10, which is stuck in the upper U-profile.

For at forbinde U-profilerne 5,6,7 fast med pladerne 3 henholdsvis 4 kan de være forbundet ved hjælp af nitter, som i området omkring pladekanterne er ført tværs igennem pladerne og gennem 2Q de to ben 5 og 6. U-profilerne er fordelagtigt bukket indad ved enderne 12 og 13 af deres ben således, at den ene rand af den frie kant trænger ind i pladerne 3 eller 4's materiale. Herved tilvejebringes en formsluttende forbindelse mellem U-profilet, som omgiver kanten, og der opnås yderligere den 25 fordel, at profilerne danner en blød overgang mod pladernes yderflader således, at der også herved undgås ulykkesrisici og aflejringer af snavs.To connect the U-profiles 5,6,7 firmly to the plates 3 and 4, respectively, they can be connected by means of rivets which, in the area around the plate edges, are passed transversely through the plates and through 2Q the two pins 5 and 6. The U-profiles are advantageously bent inwardly at the ends 12 and 13 of their legs so that one edge of the free edge penetrates the material of the plates 3 or 4. This provides a form-fitting connection between the U-profile which surrounds the edge, and further the advantage is obtained that the profiles form a soft transition to the outer surfaces of the plates, thus also avoiding accident risks and deposits of dirt.

Mellemrummene 9 mellem pladekanten 8 og kroppen 7 i U-profilerne, som omgiver pladerne, og hvori svejsemøtrikkerne 10 erThe gaps 9 between the plate edge 8 and the body 7 in the U-profiles surrounding the plates and in which the welding nuts 10 are

v Uv U

anbragt, kan være udformet således, at· der med indbyrdes afstand er indfræsninger i pladekanterne, således at der kun på de steder, hvor der i U-profilet er anbragt svejsemøtrikker 10, forefindes udsparinger i pladerne 3 eller 4. Mellemrummet 3g kan også være udformet således, at pladen 3 har en retlinet, gennemgående randkant 18 og sidder fast i afstand fra U-profilets krop 7, hvorved denne afstand udgør mellemrummet 9, hvori svejsemøtrikkerne 10 er anbragt.can be arranged such that there are cut-outs at the plate edges, so that only in the places where welding nuts 10 are placed in the U-profile, recesses are provided in plates 3 or 4. The space 3g can also be designed so that the plate 3 has a straight, continuous edge edge 18 and is spaced apart from the body of the U-profile 7, this distance constituting the space 9 in which the welding nuts 10 are arranged.

55

DK 155719 BDK 155719 B

U-profilets ben 5 og 6 ved den øvre plade 3 er imidlertid her forlænget og specielt udformet. Det ydre ben 6 har en langsgående vulst eller kehl 16, som med inderfladen af sin 5 bund 17 ligger fast presset mod yderfladen på pladen 3. Der er hermed tilvejebragt en kraftsluttende forbindelse. Der kan også forefindes en tilsvarende not i pladen 3's yderflade, således at kehlen henholdsvis vulsten griber formsluttende ind i denne not, således at der mellem rammens metalfprofil 10 og pladen 3 tilvejebringes en formsluttende forbindelse. Benet 6's frie øvre rand er med en bukning 18 ført mod overfladen af pladen 3.However, the legs of the U-profile 5 and 6 at the upper plate 3 are here extended and specially designed. The outer leg 6 has a longitudinal bead or kehl 16 which, with the inner surface of its bottom 17, is firmly pressed against the outer surface of the plate 3. There is thus provided a force-closing connection. There may also be a corresponding groove in the outer surface of the plate 3, so that the keel and the bead respectively engage in this groove, so that a mold-closing connection is provided between the metal profile 10 of the frame and the plate 3. The free upper edge of the leg 6 is guided towards the surface of the plate 3 by a bend 18.

I kehlen eller vulsten 16, som er trykket ind i benet 6 i 15 metalprofilet, kan der være anbragt møtrikker eller skruehoveder 19 for forbindelsesmidler, med hvilke der f.eks. er fastgjort beslag på sidevæggens plade 3. Dét ses, at disse møtrikker 9 er forsænket fuldstændigt ', i kehlen eller i det mindste så meget, at uheldsrisici er kraftigt formindsket.In the keel or bead 16, which is pressed into the leg 6 of the metal profile, nuts or screw heads 19 may be provided for connecting means with which e.g. It is seen that these nuts 9 are fully recessed, in the kehlen, or at least so much that the risk of accidents is greatly reduced.

20 I stedet for en kehl eller vust 16 kan der i et eller begge ben 5 eller 6 i rammens U-profil om en plade forefindes punktformede indsænkninger eller indtrykninger 20. Hertil kan pladen 3 være forberedt med tilsvarende huller til foretagelse af 22 disse indsænkninger, men indsænkningerne kan også være udformet således, at de trænger ind i materialet i pladen 3. Også derved opnås en formsluttende forbindelse mellem rammeprofilet og pladen. Selvfølgelig er det muligt at anbringe kehlen 16 og indtrykningerne 20 i overfor hinanden liggende ben 5 og 6 30 i U-profilet. Der kan imidlertid også fra begge sider være anbragt vulster eller kehler 16, eller· indtrykninger 20. Under bestemte omstændigheder vil det endda være muligt at anbringe en kehl 16 eller indtrykninger 20 kun fra én side i et af benene 5 eller 6.Instead of a kehl or bust 16, in one or both pins 5 or 6 of the frame's U-profile about a plate there may be point-shaped depressions or indentations 20. For this, the plate 3 may be prepared with corresponding holes for making these depressions. but the depressions may also be designed to penetrate the material of the plate 3. Also, a form-fitting connection is obtained between the frame profile and the plate. Of course, it is possible to place the keel 16 and the impressions 20 in opposite legs 5 and 6 30 in the U-profile. However, bumps or kehler 16 may also be provided from either side, or · indentations 20. In certain circumstances, it will even be possible to place a kehl 16 or indent 20 only from one side in one of the legs 5 or 6.

3535

Ved det i fig. 2 viste udførelseseksempel er rammeprofilet på bundkanten 2 (eller frontpladen 4) udformet praktisk taget på samme måde som grundformen for rammeprofilet på pladen 3, jf. ovenfor. Der findes en benflange 14, der danner enIn the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the frame profile on the bottom edge 2 (or the front plate 4) is formed in much the same way as the basic shape of the frame profile on the plate 3, cf. above. There is a leg flange 14 forming one

Claims

1. Single or tandem axle trailers for motor vehicles with a jaw structure of a platform limited by side walls consisting of metal profile frames surrounding plates, the profile of the frames (2) having mutually parallel legs (5 and 6) for abutment against the plates (2, 3 or 4) outer or inner surface and the profile legs have configurations (16 or 20) which engage the molding 15 in corresponding molds in the plates, as well as a body (7) connecting the legs (5 and 6), welded nuts (10) are applied from the profile inside to the body of the profile (7), and where these welded nuts in the profile include through-holes (11), characterized in that the plate edge (8) in the area of the welded nuts (10) is spaced apart from the body of the surrounding metal profile frames (7) and the designs on the profile legs (5 and 6) are spaced apart from their boundary boundaries. 2g

Trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the configurations (16 or 20) of at least one leg of the frame U profile on its surface are shaped as a recess or indentation (16 and 20, respectively) which penetrate into the plate. (2 or 3 or 4, respectively) material, thus forming the shape of the plate 30 ·

Trailer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the configuration (16 or 20) of at least one leg of the frame U profile on its surface is formed in the form of a recessed 25 through kehl or bead (16) and that the shape of the plate is shaped as a groove inserted into the material of the plate (2 or 3 or 4, respectively) into which the bead and the throat (16) penetrate, respectively. DK 155719 B

Trailer according to claim 1 and one or more of the following claims, characterized in that the screws for the interconnection of the plates and for the mounting of the fittings are arranged in the designs of the frame profiles (16 or 20).

Trailer according to claim 1 and one or more of the following claims, characterized in that one of the legs of the U-profile of the frame is bent at its end at right angles outwards and forms 10 a leg flange (14) which preferably has the same length as the leg (5 or 6). 15 20 25 30 35