DK154410B

DK154410B - PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR WRAPPING ITEMS

Info

Publication number: DK154410B
Application number: DK008882A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Jari Mattila
Original assignee: Jari Mattila
Priority date: 1980-05-13
Filing date: 1982-01-12
Publication date: 1988-11-14
Also published as: DK8882A; FI60681C; FI60681B; JPS57500604A; EP0058670B1; WO1981003316A1; EP0058670A1; DK154410C

Description

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5 Formålet med denne opfindelse er at tilvejebringe en fremgangsmåde til indpakning af emner direkte på paller, samt at tilvejebringe et apparat til udførelse af den ovenfor nævnte fremgangsmåde.The object of this invention is to provide a method for wrapping items directly on pallets, and to provide an apparatus for carrying out the above-mentioned method.

10 Indpakningsmetoder er kendt inden for branchen, hvor forholdsvis små forbrugsemner er pakket ind i såkaldte gruppe-pakninger, og gruppe-pakningerne derefter anbringes på paller. Gruppe-pakningerne indeholder normalt 10-20 forbrugsemner.Wrapping methods are known in the art, where relatively small consumable items are packed in so-called group packs and the group packs are then placed on pallets. The group packs usually contain 10-20 consumables.

15 I den senere tid er der imidlertid opstået behov for at pakke forbrugsemner direkte på paller, dér som sådan kan anbringes i supermarkeder. I dette tilfælde er det ikke muligt at bruge gruppe-pakninger. Endvi- 20 dere er paller i mindre støreiser blevet populære, for eksempel 600 x 800 mm. Paller i denne størrelse er små nok til at passere gennem døre og er normalt nemme at håndtere.15 However, in recent times there has been a need to pack consumables directly on pallets, which as such can be placed in supermarkets. In this case, it is not possible to use group packs. Furthermore, pallets in smaller journeys have become popular, for example 600 x 800 mm. Pallets of this size are small enough to pass through doors and are usually easy to handle.

25 Stablingen af forbrugsemner eller andre lignende små pakker direkte på en palle er imidlertid problematisk. Det er normalt ikke muligt at stable en hel last af små forbrugsemner på en palle og først derefter indpakke hele pallen sammen med emnerne med for 30 eksempel krympepakning. De små emner er tilbøjelige til at falde af pallen, og det er derfor nødvendigt at danne adskilte lastelag, således at de er stablet på en indbyrdes støttende måde. Men behovet for at variere stablingsformerne stiller betydelige krav til25 However, stacking consumables or other similar small packages directly on a pallet is problematic. It is usually not possible to stack a whole load of small consumables on one pallet and only then wrap the entire pallet together with the items with, for example, shrink wrap. The small items tend to fall off the pallet and it is therefore necessary to form separate cargo layers so that they are stacked in a mutually supportive manner. But the need to vary the stacking forms places considerable demands

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2 indpakningsmaskinen.2 the wrapping machine.

Fra GB patentskrift nr. 1.307.900 kendes et apparat til at pakke forbrugsemner i en beholder. Apparatet 5 omfatter en transportør indrettet til at fremføre forbrugsemnerne, der skal pakkes, og skubbeorganer til at føde en række af emnerne fra transportøren ind på en støtteplade til dannelse af et lastelag inden for en styreramme, der omgiver støttepladen. Støtte-10 pladen er ophængt til bevægelse ind i den nævnte beholder, og til at lade lastelaget glide af oven på et forudgående lastelag, når støttepladen trækkes tilbage. Beholderen er indrettet til at kunne sænkes et stykke svarende til højden af et lastelag. Der udfø-15 res imidlertid ingen indpakning af emnerne efter afslutning af stablingen.GB patent specification No. 1,307,900 discloses an apparatus for packing consumables in a container. The apparatus 5 comprises a conveyor adapted to convey the consumable items to be packed and pushing means for feeding a number of the items from the conveyor onto a support plate to form a load layer within a guide frame surrounding the support plate. The support-10 plate is suspended for movement into said container and for sliding off the load layer on top of a preceding load layer when the support plate is retracted. The container is arranged to be lowered a piece corresponding to the height of a load layer. However, no wrapping of the blanks is performed after the stacking is completed.

Fra GB patentskrift nr. 1.148.866 kendes et apparat til stabling af ensartet formede genstande. Apparatet 20 omfatter en enhed til at modtage genstandene, hvilken enhed er anbragt til en lodret glidende bevægelse på føringselementer, og et- bord med lodrette stænger, som er anbragt lodret under den nævnte enhed. Genstandene bliver først anbragt på enheden, hvorefter 25 denne sænkes, og når enheden rammer bordet eller en stabel af genstande på dette, bevæges- enheden horisontalt væk. Stængerne forhindrer genstandene i at blive båret bort, så genstandene forbliver liggende på bordet eller på toppen af stablen. Enheden kan be-30 væges til dens udgangsstilling, hvor den gentager den nævnte cyklus. Efter stablingen af genstandene foretages der ingen indpakning af stablen.GB patent specification 1,148,866 discloses an apparatus for stacking uniformly shaped articles. The apparatus 20 comprises a unit for receiving the articles, which unit is arranged for a vertical sliding movement on guide elements, and a table with vertical bars arranged vertically below said unit. The items are first placed on the unit, then lowered, and when the unit hits the table or a stack of items on it, the unit moves horizontally away. The rods prevent the items from being carried away, leaving the items lying on the table or on top of the stack. The unit may be moved to its initial position where it repeats the said cycle. After stacking the items, no wrapping of the stack is made.

Formålet med denne opfindelse er at tilvejebringe enThe object of this invention is to provide one

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3 indpakningsfremgangsmåde og et apparat til brug ved udøvelse af fremgangsmåden, hvor en palle fyldt med forbrugsemner uanset formen af stablen kan pakkes og uden at der forårsages nogen som helst uorden i pak-5 kerne.3, a packing method and an apparatus for use in the practice of packing a pallet filled with consumables, regardless of the shape of the stack, and without causing any disorder in the packages.

For at opnå de ovenfor nævnte fordele er fremgangsmåden ifølge denne opfindelse kendetegnet ved de nye e-genskaber, som er fremsat i krav 1 og 3. Hvad angår 10 de særlige egenskaber ved apparatet ifølge denne opfindelse, er disse fremsat i krav 2 og 4.In order to obtain the above-mentioned advantages, the method of this invention is characterized by the novel e-features set forth in claims 1 and 3. As regards the particular features of the apparatus of this invention, these are set out in claims 2 and 4.

I det følgende forklares opfindelsen detaljeret med / henvisning til den ledsagende tegning, som skematisk 15 viser én anvendelig indpakningsfremgangsmåde ifølge denne opfindelse.In the following, the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, which schematically shows one applicable packaging method according to this invention.

Der henvises til tegningen, og det ses, at forbrugsemner 1 transporteres fremad (retning A) på et trans-20 portbånd 2, og ved hjælp af styreplader 3 indrettes emnerne til at danne en indpakningslinie 4. Ved hjælp af en skubbeanordning 5 (retning B) bliver indpakningslinien 4 række for række indrettet til at danne et lastelag 6. Skubbeanordningen 5 drives af en 25 pneumatisk cylinder 7. Lastelaget 6 er dannet på toppen af et bord eller en støtteplade 8. Lastelaget er på alle sider omsluttet af en fast indstillet støtteramme 9, hvis form svarer præcis til det lastelag 6, som skal dannes. Støtterammen 9's højde er cirka dob-30 belt så stor som lastelaget 6's højde.Reference is made to the drawing, and it is seen that consumable items 1 are transported forward (direction A) on a conveyor belt 2, and by means of guide plates 3 the items are arranged to form a wrapping line 4. By means of a pushing device 5 (direction B) ), the wrapping line 4 is arranged row by row to form a load layer 6. The pushing device 5 is driven by a 25 pneumatic cylinder 7. The load layer 6 is formed on the top of a table or support plate 8. The load layer is enclosed on all sides by a fixed support frame 9, the shape of which corresponds exactly to the load layer 6 to be formed. The height of the support frame 9 is about twice as high as the height of the loading layer 6.

Under støttepladen 8 er anbragt en palle 10. Ved lastningens begyndelse, mens pallen er tom, er den anbragt umiddelbart under støttepladen 8. Efter atUnder the support plate 8 is placed a pallet 10. At the beginning of loading, while the pallet is empty, it is placed immediately under the support plate 8. After

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4 det første lastelag er blevet dannet, trækkes støttepladen 8 ud ved hjælp af den pneumatiske cylinder 7. Lastelaget bliver nu liggende på pallen 10. Derefter sænkes pallen 10 (retning C) så meget som højden 5 på ét lastelag, og støttepladen 8 skydes igen på plads for at danne et nyt lastelag.4, when the first load layer has been formed, the support plate 8 is pulled out by means of the pneumatic cylinder 7. The load layer now remains on the pallet 10. Then the pallet 10 (direction C) is lowered as much as the height 5 of one load layer and the support plate 8 is again pushed in place to form a new cargo layer.

Mens pallen 10 sænkes, forbliver emnerne, som tilhører det pågældende lastelag, præcis på deres plad-10 ser, fordi de er omsluttet af støtterammen 9. Det er først i den nævnte sænknings fase, at et lastelag 6a dukker frem neden under støtterammen 91 s underste kant. Nu begynder en indpakningsmaskine 11 at fungere. Indpakningsmaskinen består af en valse 12, der er 15 indrettet til at rotere omkring en let hældet eller næsten lodret akse (retning D). Rundt om valsen 12 er der en forsyning af indpakningsmateriale, hvilket for eksempel er et elastisk plastbånd 13. Båndet vikles omkring emnerne med samme hastighed, som det nye las-20 telag viser sig neden under støtterammen 9. Indpakningsmaterialet 13 bredes så hurtigt, at et fuldt lastelag 6a endnu ikke er kommet helt ned under støtterammen, førend det allerede er blevet indpakket i plast. Således er det muligt at sikre, at der ikke 25 falder ét eneste forbrugsemne af pallen, og at laget ikke bringes i uorden før indpakningen.While the pallet 10 is lowered, the items belonging to the cargo layer in question remain precisely on their plate 10 because they are enclosed by the support frame 9. It is only during the said lowering phase that a cargo layer 6a emerges below the support frame 91 s bottom edge. Now a wrapping machine 11 is starting to work. The wrapping machine consists of a roller 12 arranged to rotate about a slightly inclined or nearly vertical axis (direction D). Around the roller 12 there is a supply of wrapping material, which is, for example, an elastic plastic band 13. The belt is wound around the blanks at the same speed as the new welding layer appears below the support frame 9. The wrapping material 13 is spread so fast that a full load layer 6a has not yet come fully below the support frame before it has already been wrapped in plastic. Thus, it is possible to ensure that not a single item of consumption falls off the pallet and that the layer is not disrupted before wrapping.

Lastningen kan også udføres således, at pallen 10 er anbragt ved den samme standardhøjde under hele ind-30 pakningsoperationen. I dette tilfælde er støtterammens højde den totale højde på de ønskede lastelag, det vil sige højden på et antal lag, for eksempel ti lastelag. Det foretrækkes, at lastelaget 6 er dannet på støttepladen 8 ved højden af det højest muligeThe loading can also be carried out such that the pallet 10 is placed at the same standard height during the entire packing operation. In this case, the height of the support frame is the total height of the desired load layers, i.e. the height of a number of layers, for example ten load layers. It is preferred that the load layer 6 is formed on the support plate 8 at the height of the highest possible

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s lastelag. Efter at dette lastelag er blevet fuldført, sænkes støttepladen 8 ned på pallen 10 eller på det øverste lastelag, som hviler på denne. Støttepladen 8 trækkes ud, og lastelaget 6 flyttes på plads.s cargo load. After this load layer is completed, the support plate 8 is lowered onto the pallet 10 or on the upper load layer which rests thereon. The support plate 8 is pulled out and the load layer 6 is moved into place.

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Derefter hæves støtterammen 9 så meget som ét lastelags højde, og støttepladen 8 løftes for at danne et nyt lastelag 6. Indpakningsmaskinen begynder at fungere, når lastelaget viser sig neden under støtteram- 10 men 9's nedre kant. De ovenfor beskrevne arbejdsfaser gentages, indtil det ønskede antal lastelag, eller den mængde, som er mulig ved anvendelsen af den pågældende støtteramme, er opnået.Thereafter, the support frame 9 is raised as much as the height of one load layer and the support plate 8 is lifted to form a new load layer 6. The wrapping machine begins to operate as the load layer appears below the lower edge of the support frame 9. The above-described working phases are repeated until the desired number of load layers or the amount possible with the use of the support frame in question is obtained.

15 Det skal påpeges, at transportbåndet 2’s højde kan indstilles efter behov, og det samme gælder skubbeanordningen 5's højde - og følgelig højden ved hvilken dannelsen af lastelaget skal foretages.15 It should be pointed out that the height of the conveyor belt 2 can be adjusted as needed, and the same applies to the height of the pushing device 5 - and consequently the height at which the load bearing formation is to be made.

20 Indpakningen af emnerne i begge de ovenfor beskrevne indpakningsfremgangsmåders arbejdsformer kan udføres således, at støtterammen 9 og pallen 10 roterer omkring deres akser (retning E), hvorimod indpakningsmaskinen 11 er fast monteret på sin plads.The wrapping of the blanks in both of the above described wrapping methods can be carried out such that the support frame 9 and the pallet 10 rotate about their axes (direction E), whereas the wrapping machine 11 is firmly mounted in place.

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Opfindelsen er blevet beskrevet ovenfor med henvisning til kun én foretrukken udførelse. Dannelsen af lastelag kan for eksempel udføres på andre måder. Endvidere kan indpakningsmaterialet for eksempel ud- 30 spoles fra valser, som roterer omkring vandrette akser, og være varmeforseglet ved kanterne. Indpakningsmaterialet kan for eksempel også være plast-krympefolie.The invention has been described above with reference to only one preferred embodiment. For example, the formation of cargo layers can be carried out in other ways. Furthermore, for example, the wrapping material may be spooled from rollers rotating about horizontal axes and heat-sealed at the edges. For example, the wrapping material may also be plastic shrink film.

Claims

A method of wrapping consumables (1) directly on a pallet (10), wherein method 5 of the articles is arranged on a support plate (8) to form a load layer (6), which load support is supported on all sides by means of a special support frame (9), thereby removing the support plate (8) so that the cargo layer (6) is immediately pushed onto the empty pallet placed 10 below the support plate or onto a previous load carrier (6a) mounted on it the pallet (10) and that the pallet (10), together with its load layer, is lowered as much as the height of one load layer, characterized in that the items are wrapped with a final wrapping material (13) while new items emerge below the support frame (9), and the wrapping material is applied so quickly that an entire load layer (6a) has not yet fully reached the support frame (9) before the load layer has been wrapped. 20

Apparatus for use in carrying out the method according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus consists of a conveyor belt (2) for transporting consumables (1) to be wrapped directly on a pallet (10), means (5) for forming a loading layer (6), means for supporting and gradually lowering the pallet, a support frame (9), the shape of which corresponds to the loading layer formed by the items to be loaded on the pallet, and a supporting plate (8) disposed inside in said support frame 30 (9), wherein the load layer is formed or moved on said support plate, and which support plate (8) is arranged after the load layer is formed to be able to be moved aside so that the new load layer is pushed in on the empty pallet or on a previous loading layer DK 154410 B 7 (6a), characterized in that the apparatus further comprises means (11, 12) for continuously spreading wrapping material (13) around the outer surface of the loading layer before the upper edge of said loading layer is completely below under the support frame (9) while the pallet lowers p.

A method of wrapping consumables (1) directly on a pallet (10), wherein method 10 of the articles is arranged on a support plate (8) to form a load layer (6), which load support is supported on all sides by means of a special support frame (9), whereby the support plate (8) is lowered and pulled aside so that the load layer (6) slides onto the empty pallet (10) arranged at a standard height below the support plate (8) or on the top of a previous load layer (6a) arranged on the pallet, characterized in that the support frame (9) is raised as much as the height of one load layer, and at the same time, when the 20 new items appear below the support frame (9), the items are packed in a final wrapping material (13), and the wrapping material (13) is applied so quickly that an entire cargo layer (6a) has not yet come fully below the support frame (9) before the cargo layer 25 has been wrapped.

Apparatus for use in carrying out the method according to claim 3, wherein said apparatus consists of a conveyor belt (2) for transporting consumables 30 (1) to be wrapped directly on a pallet (10), means (5) for forming a cargo layer (6), means for supporting the pallet, a support frame (9), the shape of which corresponds to the cargo layer formed by the items to be loaded on the pallet, and a support plate (8) which is adapted to the pallet. brought into said support frame, the load layer being formed or moved on said support plate (8) and said support plate (8) being adapted to be lowered and moved laterally after each load layer is formed so that the load layer slides onto it empty pallet or on top of a previous load layer placed on the pallet, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises means (11, 12) for continuously widening wrapping material (13) on the outer surface of the load layer 10 (6a) before the upper edge of the the load layer (6a) is completely below the support frame (9), m even this one is raised.

Apparatus according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the means for broadening the wrapping material (13) comprise at least one roller (12) rotatable about one almost vertical axis, on which the roller (12) the wrapping material is stored. in the form of a belt and which roller can be rolled around the support frame (9).

Apparatus according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the means for broadening the wrapping material comprise at least one fixed mounted roller 25 (12) rotatable about an almost vertical axis, on which the rolling (12) wrapping material is stored in the form of a belt and the support frame (9) and the pallet (10) are arranged to rotate about their axes.