DK150308B - DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS GRAINING OF CEREALS (CERALS) - Google Patents

Description

150308 i

The present invention relates to a device for continuous germination / drying (malting) of cereals (cereals) and of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

The invention thus relates to a so-called vertical painting. Such devices are known in addition to horizontal working systems, so-called horizontal moldings, in various embodiments.

Thus, e.g. DE Patent Specification 16 42 617 is a continuous malting plant in which the grain goods are transported substantially vertically from top to bottom, and in which all processing steps from washing over softening, germination to drying, are controlled and controlled automatically. In this connection, several inclined slides interconnected with horizontal strips are used, and where each strip is individually associated with heating zone and regulating means, respectively cooling unit and aeration system, humidifier, etc. When transferring a goods from one belt to another via the associated sliding part about, so that the grain goods are rearranged. This causes the disadvantage that no uniform flow of the grain goods is ensured, ie not every grain in all treatment stages is subjected to the same conditions. Furthermore, this known plant is very expensive as it is composed of a large number of devices.

25 Another device for the continuous malting of cereal goods (cereals) is disclosed in DE Publication 30 20 511.

This vertical-malting system consists essentially of a shaft acting as a treatment room, in which the zig-zag-shaped perforated slit is arranged, upon which the grain goods are continuously transported from top to bottom and, depending on the traversed zones, are affected by corresponding treatment media, which occurs in cross flow to the transport direction. In this way, the residence time of the grain goods on the slides is determined by a conveyor located in the removal channel. By means of the zig-zak-shaped arranged slots, at a predetermined number of steps per zone required with a relatively large shaft height. Thus, according to the embodiment disclosed herein, a vertical painting must have a height of approx. 80 m. Furthermore, there is the disadvantage that upon the transition of the grain cargo stream from one slit to the next and the resulting change of direction, respectively, a rearrangement of the grain goods takes place. Furthermore, there is a cross-sectional narrowing at this transition, whereby a relative displacement of the grain of grain is obtained and intended, respectively, that the grain of the freight stream is pulled apart. However, from the literature ("Die Technologie der Malzbereitung", 6th edition, Ferdinand Enke Verlag Stuttgart 1976, page 304), it is known that as long as the water content of the grain goods is large, 10 must not be reversed during drying, as there is otherwise a delay of the drying process. The malt layer dries slowly through the front and upwards. After e.g. Accordingly, immediately after the 4 to 5 hour swallowing time, the paint immediately lying on the shelf is drier than that on the upper layer.

15 If you turn now, the damp malt will come at the bottom and they will already dry at the top. In this way, the already dried malt is permeated again by moisture, while the moist again comes into the higher temperature range and thus is exposed to the risk of shrinking and losing some brittleness respectively.

20

Another vertical painting is known from BE Patent Specification 871,899.

At this plant, the grain goods are introduced into a treatment room with several vertical shelves arranged one above the other, and are moved in this treatment room from top to bottom. For this, each of the shelves is arranged pivotally. To each of the shelves thus formed is attached a fixed escape auger and a vertical auger. By means of the fixed escaping auger in question, in connection with the associated rotating shelf, the lower sub-layer is escaped from the grain cargo on the shelf. This 30-part grain cargo then reaches via a shaft located outside the treatment room to the distribution screw of the shelf underneath, by means of which the transported sub-layer grain cargo is again introduced into the treatment room and placed on the grain cargo of the shelf located below.

35

At this known facility, the discharge of the respective sub-layer of the grain cargo layer is effected on each shelf and the application of this discharged sub-layer grain cargo to the next below is located.

15 O 3 O S

Grain goods are paid homage, in a relatively complex and expensive way. The shelf floor in question, together with the grain grain that is then on, is completely rotated. Thus, relatively large masses must be set in motion. At the turn of the shelf 5, the fixed escape auger brakes the sub-layer "linearly" during the course of a complete rotation, ie. over a certain period of time. The thus removed sub-layers are then radially brought out of the treatment room, axially transported one floor down and subsequently introduced radially into the treatment room and finally applied by means of the respective distributor screw to the goods shelf underneath. This means that the layer formation of the grain goods is destroyed, and there is thus a risk that during the course of its transport through the tower-like treatment room, the grain goods will not always be subjected to identical treatment conditions with the result that the quality of the malt is reduced. Furthermore, the complex movement process described over several transport elements can lead to mechanical damage to the grain. Finally, the explained movements and the units involved therein result in a costly construction for the known plant.

A device of the kind mentioned above is further known from DE patent specification 60.371. In this plant for the production of malt, a number of germination containers are arranged in a shaft-like treatment room. The germination containers all have high drawn walls. The longitudinal walls are in this connection formed as ducts which are connected to transverse channels of perforated roof-shaped metal plates lying on the container floors. The sections of the container bottom located between the 30 cross-channels have passages that can be closed downwards by means of sliders and shutters respectively. When the sliders are opened, the whole grain cargo present in the germination container is transported to the germination container located below.

In relation to this state of the art, the object of the present invention is to further develop the device mentioned in the introduction so that the grain goods in such a device are kept in a substantially still movement, so that it can thereby be subjected to a single step. as far as possible one's lasting treatment.

This object is achieved by the fact that the device referred to in the introduction is peculiar to that of the characterizing part of claim 1. By means of the device according to the invention it is obtained that while maintaining the relative positions of its sub-layers, the grain goods can be substantially held in a still vertical downward movement. In this way, all the cereal parts in the individual stages are subjected to a substantially identical treatment with the result that a uniformly good quality is obtained for the malt thus produced. After the grain goods are kept in a still vertical downward movement without steering, the mechanical damage of the grain goods is also largely avoided. Depending on the design of the device according to the invention, the layer thickness may be selected with respect to the lower part layer to be removed from the shelf concerned in order to simulate as far as possible the desired continuous vertical downward movement of the grain goods.

The continuous vertical downward movement of the grain goods obtained by the device according to the invention furthermore permits to permeate this grain transported in this way vertically with the drying or aeration medium, also vertically - either in co-current or in counter-current.

Hereby, each grain cargo fraction for that sub-layer is affected by an identical set medium, e.g. air with a predetermined temperature and humidity. Due to the constant vertical downward transport of the grain goods in a relatively apart or widespread form, a particularly intimate rinsing of the grain goods is done by means of the drying and aeration medium. Suitable further designs for the device according to the invention appear from the dependent claims.

The invention is further described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings; FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a cross-section through a complete vertical malting process in which the sprouting and drying section is designed according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-section through the cooling zone of the plant; FIG. 3 shows a cross-section in schematic representation through the cooling zone of the vertical club according to the invention; FIG. 4 is a cross-section through a pushing device, such as is used, for example, by one of the locks in the cooling zone, with U-shaped malt pushers and a lock slider attached to an axis; FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4 with molded malt blades and only unilaterally lockable via the shaft 10. , slider, fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a cross-section through a shelf floor of the system according to the invention with U-shaped floor elements, roof-shaped enclosed inlet oblique surfaces, a molded 15 malt pushers and an inlet pipe provided under the floor element; FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a cross-section through a shelf floor of the system according to the invention corresponding to FIG. 6, but 20 with floor elements formed solely of hollow profiles, each forming an inlet air duct; FIG. 8 is a section similar to FIG. 6 with an inlet air duct forming a closed inlet oblique roof and with locking slides.

The device for continuous malting of cereals (cereals) consists as shown in FIG. 1 of a vertical treatment room 1, which is divided into zones with 30 one or more steps by means of horizontal shelf floors 2. The grain 4 introduced via known transport means 3 into the treatment room, e.g. barley, is stored in the grain buffer layer 5. From this grain buffer layer 5, the material reaches down onto the shelf below it, the molding vessel 6, in which the grain is either softened with a plasticizer down or sprayed from above. The plasticizer. however, may also be introduced into the interior of the grain layer and distributed therefrom.

After the grain has thus been softened or molded, it is brought onto the first of the germinating floors 7 below of the sprout zone 8. Here, the germinating grain now migrates from one floor to the next, until after the last germination floor, via this disposed inlet slit 9 reaches into the cooling zone 10. The cooling zone 10 consists of a pre-dryer 11, also called the green malt buffer storage, a cooling cooling flange 12, a heating cooling flange 13 and a drying cooling flange 14. There, when the finished malt enters the cooling zone 15 which has oblique inlet walls and is flowed in by fresh air and finally via outlet cells 22 not shown.

At the level of the first sprout floor, a fresh air supply 16 is provided, through which fresh air is conducted to the interior of the device. To each of two sprout floors 7, a fan 17 is connected to supply air to the sprout floors and thus to ventilate the material. The fresh air reaches vertically from the fresh air supply 16 where it, preheated 15 by the exhaust air by means of a heat exchanger 18, enters the dry air preparation 19. The dry air preparation 19 consists essentially of a blower 20 which drives the preheated fresh air through an air heater 21 From the air heater 21, the air reaches through the drying cooling flange 14, the heating cooling flange 13 and the swell cooling flange 12 to flow to the outside air via the exhaust air line 23 passed through the heat exchanger 18.

In FIG. 2 shows a vertical keel which, in addition to a day tank for 25 green malt 24, has cooling flakes for swallowing 12, heating 13 and drying 14 and the cooling zone 15. From the air heater 21, bypass lines 25 and 26 can lead to the cooling flaps 12 and 13. Furthermore, it can from the outlet duct 23 discharged exhaust air via a conduit 27 is fed to the day tank 24 30 to dry the green malt contained therein. 1 FIG. 3 shows schematically an advantageous design of the cooling zone 15. From this it can be seen that under the drying cooling flange 14 there are channels formed in inlet slots 37 and 38 which transport via 35 the locks 40 described in greater detail below to a collection shaft 41 of perforated inlet slots 39. with fresh air through the perforations of the inlet slides 39, which cools the still relatively warm material present here. At the bottom of an assembly shaft 41, an additional lock is arranged, through which the material 7 reaches a cell wheel 22 and an attachment device not shown, which is not shown. Under the drying heat sink 14 there are two supply air pipes 43, through which hot air is supplied to the drying heat sink 14. While in the case shown, only one cell wheel 22 is placed under the lower lock 40, it is also possible that 5 is also provided. cell wheels under the upper locks 40. But it is also possible only to manufacture the locks by similarly designed cell wheels.

In FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lock 40 consisting essentially of the inlet slides or walls 37 and 38, the lower edges of which are at a given distance from each other and thus form a malt passage 44. Under this passage, a U-shaped is arranged. malt scrubber 45, which with its legs rests slidably on a floor element 46 described below. Here, there is provided a shaft which is passed through the two legs of malt scrubber 45 and to which the malt scrubber 45 is secured, e.g. by means of washers 48 and pins 49. On both sides of the lock 40 a wall 50 is provided, both having a step 51 and a leg 52 arranged in such a way that the step 51 is at the same height 20 as the floor element 461 s. the horizontal portion and the leg 52 with the leg 53 of the floor element 46 form a vertical passageway in the form of slots 54. In the walls 50, bearings 55 are provided for receiving the shaft 47. On the shaft 47 there is in the middle of each slot 54 by means of washers 48 and pins 49 attached lock sliders 56, 25 which close the passages from above. The inlet slides 37 and 38 have at their lower ends in the direction towards the slots 54 pointing extensions 57. If the shaft 47 is displaced by the malt pushers 55 and 56, respectively, the malt entered into the gap between the malt pusher and the one slider each time 30 is inserted. in a slot 54 so that the malt falls through these slots 54 to come down on the shelf floor below, respectively, in the collecting shaft 41 located below it (fig.

3).

35 The embodiment of FIG. 5 locks 58 have essentially the same construction as the lock 40 shown in FIG. 4. The slider 60 is designed as a list, while the slider 59 is substantially larger than the slider 56 shown in FIG. 4. In addition, the lock slider 59 in force is provided on one side only with a stop consisting of a washer 48 and a pin 49, so that the slider 59 is included in the shaft 47 only with its inward displacement in question. g, the slider 59 is moved back by the sleeve 59 between the slider 60 and the slider 59 and the slider 59 is pushed along the shaft 47. This embodiment has the advantage that slider 59 remains in the closed position because no material is present which The displacement 10 of the malt pusher 60 includes the lock slider 59. Thus, despite the displacement of the malt pusher 60, the slot 54 is closed when no material is left, so that no air flow also takes place.

FIG. Figures 6, 7 and 8 show embodiments of shelf floors (molding vessels, spiral floors, chill floors) containing substantially the same basic elements as the locks shown in FIG. 4 and 5, The shelf floors consist of several adjacent floor elements which in the exemplary embodiments of FIG. 6 and 8 consist of U-length profiles 46, while as shown in FIG. 7 consists of hole profiles 46a. As shown, the leg 53 of the floor elements 46, 46a is spaced apart so that slots 54 are formed between them. As shown in FIG. 6, an inlet air tube 52 equipped with nozzles 61 25 is disposed substantially in the middle of each floor element 46 in such a way that the air flowing from this pipe under pressure flows through the slots 54 from which it flows through perforations in a roof-shaped cover or roof. 63, forming inlet inclined surfaces, to flow through the material. The inlet slots 37 and 38 of the roof are shown 30 in Figures 4 and 5. Thus, they form a material passage 44 through which the grain material reaches the molded push 60 to be pushed to one or the other 54 depending on the direction of impact.

35 As already mentioned, the floor elements 46a shown in Fig. 7 are formed of hollow profiles. These hollow profiles simultaneously form an inlet air duct similar to the inlet air duct 62 for the device shown in Fig. 6, and therefore they are provided with nozzles 61a.

9th

150308

The FIG. 8, in comparison with the shelf floor shown in FIG. 6 shows a U-shaped lock slider 56 which, when the malt pusher 60 is in the center position, closes the passage 54. In addition, the roof 63 has on its underside a U-shaped end 65, 5 thereby forming a closed and substantially pentagonal air supply channel 66. This air supply channel 66 now takes on the role of air supply channel 62 shown in combination with the roof 63 of this figure. This results in a very compact construction method. The material passage 44 formed between the vertical walls of the end 65 has substantially the same width as a double stroke of the malt push 60. This ensures that when the push 60 is in either end position 67 or 68, the material will or the malt each time essentially only falls 15 on one side of the pusher, thereby avoiding material buildup between the pushers.

The device for continuous malting and drying of cereals (cereals) according to the invention operates in the following manner;

If the malt or material settles on one of the pipes in FIG. 6 or 7 shelves - usually a layer of approx. 80 cm grain material - and when the dwell time 25 is completed for the lower layer, the pushing device is started. By means of a control device (not shown), the shaft 47 is thereby displaced axially in the direction of the predetermined stroke. Hereby, the grain material, which has come down via the grain passage 44, descends next to the grain or malt scrubber 60 30 and is on the side of the direction of movement, in front of the malt scrubber 60 until it falls into the slot 54. The grain material or malt 4 which falls into the gap now at its own weight through the slot 54, under which it is simultaneously flushed by strong stream end air. Thereby, the single grain of the grain material detaches from one another and ripples through the relatively low free space between the grain material or malt layer and the upper shelf floor, until it lies on the surface of grain or material. the malt layer on the shelf floor below. This has the advantage that the grain material or malt, which is sprouted or germinated, respectively, is periodically pushed several times through a passage and 5 sprinkles into free fall, so that because of the individual grains loosening apart, no tangling can take place. There is also no rearranging or changing of the layer order, which could have a negative effect on the quality of the grain. Since, with the aid of the relatively narrow malt blocks, e.g. only every 8 min. For example, if a shear or shear, ie a single stroke, is carried out, only a relatively thin grain material or malt layer is transported away, the grain of which generally has the same degree of temperature and humidity. Thus, the grain material rattles, so to speak, or until almost continuously, e.g. every 8 minutes, through the gaps 54 between the floor elements 46, 46a, which preferably occur simultaneously with all shelf floors, so that in practice there is a continuous downward movement of the grain material, whereby each grain participates in a substantially vertical drop-down to the bottom of the cooling zone. In the countercurrent to this, treatment medium is directed especially in the cold zone. This results in a very uniform treatment of all grain material. Arriving in the cooling zone, the grain material or malt is guided as shown in FIG. 3 through the two inlet ducts 37 and 38 forming the respective two locks, which operate in much the same way as the shelf floor pushing device. The grain material or malt is also pushed by a malt scrubber 45 or 60, depending on the stroke to the left or right, into a slot 54, thereby rubbing down into the lower collecting shaft 41 where it is still flushed and cooled by further cooling air. Finally, the malt reaches the last lock 40, at which it is also pushed by means of a malt scrubber of the same construction in corresponding slots 54 for finally falling on it slowly via an inlet slit, e.g. with one revolution per mine. rotating, cell wheel and of this being pushed into means of transport.

Claims (4)

150308 Patent Claims. Device for continuous germination / drying of cereals (cereals) of a shaft-shaped treatment round (1), in which there are 5 vertically arranged shelf floors (2), in each of which vertical passages in forums of continuous length are provided. transverse slots (54), respectively, and to which each of the floors is connected a pushing device, so that the grain goods can be transported from one shelf floor (2) 10 to another from top to bottom through the treatment space (1), characterized in that for away transport a sub-layer (a) above each slit (54) in the sprout zone of the respective bottom of a shelf floor (2) is provided with a roof-shaped perforated cover (63), the lower edges of which have such a distance from the shelf floor (2, 46, 46a) ) that a horizontal grain cargo passage is formed between the lower edges of the roof-shaped cover (63) and the shelf floor (20) and the biasing device of the shelf floor (2, 46, 46a) has several shafts (47) arranged across the slots. . on which grain goods pushers (45, 60) are arranged in such a way that they with their underside abutting against the shelf floor (2, 46, 46a) can be displaced across the vertical slots (54) in such a way that the grain cargo can be pushed through the horizontal grain cargo passages to the vertical slots (54). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain material pushers (60) have a substantially molded configuration and with their narrow side slidably abut against the associated floor element (2, 46, 46a). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain material pushers (45) are formed U-shaped and with their legs are displaceable on the associated floor element (2, 46, 35 46a). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that on the floor elements (2, 46, 46a) the cooling part of the drying zone is provided with U-shaped lock sliders (56), each of which can be inserted.