DK144397B - CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISPLAY PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE - Google Patents
CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISPLAY PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK144397B DK144397B DK461079AA DK461079A DK144397B DK 144397 B DK144397 B DK 144397B DK 461079A A DK461079A A DK 461079AA DK 461079 A DK461079 A DK 461079A DK 144397 B DK144397 B DK 144397B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- power source
- passive power
- automatic display
- cells
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J6/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles; Mounting or supporting thereof; Circuits therefor
- B62J6/01—Electric circuits
- B62J6/015—Electric circuits using electrical power not supplied by the cycle motor generator, e.g. using batteries or piezo elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1407—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle on vehicles not being driven by a motor, e.g. bicycles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Description
U4397 1 Opfindelsen angår et kredsløb til automatisk afladebeskyt-telse af en passiv strømkilde, der belastes af f.eks. cykellygter.The invention relates to a circuit for automatic discharge protection of a passive power source which is loaded by e.g. bike lights.
5 Ved brug af dynamolygter på en cykel kan cykellygterne kun lyse, når cyklen kører, og dynamoen aktiveres. Holder cyklen stille, er lygterne altså slukkede, hvorfor cyklisten er udsat for stor fare for at blive overset i 2 144397 1 trafikken. For at løse dette problem er det kendt at anvende en sekundær strømforsyning i form af en passiv strømkilde som leverer strøm til lygterne, når cyklisten holder stille. Omskiftning mellem de to strømforsyninger 5 kan ske ad elektronisk vej, f.eks. således, at den sekundære strømforsyning indkobles, når dynamospændingen falder under et vist niveau. Dette kendes f.eks. fra beskrivelsen til tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 2.443.415, som beskriver et kredsløb til opladning af et batteri og fød-10 ning af en belastning i form af cykellygter. Kredsløbet består af en emitterfølger, der ved hjælp af en zenerdiode fungerer som overspændingsbeskyttelse for batteri og lygter. Kredsløbet beskytter ikke batteriet, der mest fordelagtigt udgøres af genopladelige Ni-Cd-celler, mod en kraf-15 tig afladning, som forkorter cellernes levetid betydeligt, nedsætter ydeevnen og eventuelt forårsager en ompolarisering.5 When using dynamo lights on a bicycle, the bicycle lights can only light up when the bike is running and the alternator is activated. Thus, if the bike is stationary, the lights are off, which is why the cyclist is at great risk of being overlooked in traffic. To solve this problem, it is known to use a secondary power supply in the form of a passive power source which supplies power to the lamps when the cyclist is stationary. Switching between the two power supplies 5 can take place electronically, e.g. so that the secondary power supply is switched on when the alternator voltage drops below a certain level. This is known e.g. from the specification to German Publication No. 2,443,415, which describes a circuit for charging a battery and feeding a load in the form of bicycle lights. The circuit consists of an emitter follower which, by means of a zener diode, acts as surge protector for battery and lamps. The circuit does not protect the battery, which is most advantageously made up of rechargeable Ni-Cd cells, against a powerful discharge which significantly shortens the life of the cells, decreases performance and possibly causes a repolarization.
Der kendes ganske vist fra beskrivelsen til US patent nr.It is admittedly known from the specification of US Patent
20 3.648.145 et kredsløb til afbrydelse af forbindelsen mel lem en strømforsyning og en belastning, når strømforsyningens spænding kommer under en forudbestemt tærskelværdi.20 3,648,145 a circuit for disconnecting the connection between a power supply and a load when the voltage of the power supply falls below a predetermined threshold.
Det elektroniske kredsløb, der foretager denne udkobling, består af en transistorkreds, i hvis kollektor-emitter-25 kreds en relæspole er indrettet til at aktivere en kontakt til ud- og indkobling af belastningen. Transistorens basisspænding tilvejebringes af strømforsyningen gennem en spændingsdeler, som således belaster strømforsyningen, hvadenten belastningen er koblet ind eller ud. Denne tom-30 gangsbelastning er ganske vist ikke ret stor, men tilstrækkelig til, at kredsløbet ikke kan anvendes til en cykels strømforsyning, idet en cykel ofte henstår ubrugt i meget lang tid. Selv en beskeden afladning af Ni-Cd-cellerne vil således kunne beskadige dem.The electronic circuit making this switch-off consists of a transistor circuit, in which the collector-emitter-circuit a relay coil is arranged to activate a switch for switching off and on the load. The base voltage of the transistor is provided by the power supply through a voltage divider which thus charges the power supply whether the load is switched on or off. This idle 30-hour load is not quite large, but sufficient that the circuit cannot be used for a bicycle's power supply, since a bicycle is often left unused for a very long time. Thus even a modest discharge of the Ni-Cd cells could damage them.
Formålet med opfindelsen er at anvise et kredsløb til automatisk afladebeskyttelse af en cykels sekundære strøm- 35 144397 3 1 forsyning3 som ikke er behæftet med ovennævnte ulemper.The object of the invention is to provide a circuit for automatically discharging protection of a bicycle's secondary power supply3 which does not suffer from the above disadvantages.
Dette opnås ved, at strømkilden føder belastningen gennem en transistors emitter-kollektor kreds, at denne transistors basis gennem en modstand er forbundet til 5 en zenerdiode, og at fællespunktet for modstanden og zenerdioden er forbundet til strømkilden gennem en modstand. Denne opbygning er enkel og billig at lave og sikrer strømkilden fuldstændigt mod afladning, når forsyningsspændingen når under en af zenerdioden bestemt 10 tærskelværdi. Kredsløbet er således særligt velegnet til montering på cykler.This is accomplished by the power source feeding the load through the emitter-collector of a transistor, the base of this transistor through a resistor being connected to a zener diode and the common point of the resistor and the zener diode being connected to the power source through a resistor. This structure is simple and inexpensive to make and secures the power source completely against discharge when the supply voltage reaches below a threshold value determined by the zener diode. The circuit is thus particularly suitable for mounting on bicycles.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, som viser et kredsløb ifølge opfindelsen koblet 15 sammen med et almindelig kendt kredsløb til opladning af en sekundær, passiv strømkilde.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, which shows a circuit according to the invention coupled 15 with a generally known circuit for charging a secondary passive power source.
På tegningen er vist en dynamo 1, som via en modstand 2 og en relæomskifter 3 er tilsluttet to elektriske pærer 20 4 og 5, f.eks. en cykels for- og baglygte. Dynamoen 1 er desuden via en diode 6 forbundet til et sæt Ni-Cd-celler 7, som er serieforbundet med en sikring 8. En kondensator 9 er forbundet til jord parallelt med cellerne 7. Et relæ 10 er forbundet til dynamoen 1 i serie med en anden diode 25 11, idet relæet 10 er parallelforbundet med en anden kon densator 12. Ni-Cd-cellerne 7 er tilsluttet de elektriske pærer 4 og 5 gennem en transistors 13 emitter-kollektor kreds og omskifteren 3 samt belastet af en modstand 14 og en serieforbundet zenerdiode 15. Transistorens 13 ba-30 sis er via en modstand 16 forbundet til zenerdioden 15 og dermed cellerne 7 gennem modstanden 14.In the drawing a dynamo 1 is shown which is connected to two electric bulbs 20 4 and 5 via a resistor 2 and a relay switch 3, e.g. a bicycle's front and rear lights. The alternator 1 is additionally connected via a diode 6 to a set of Ni-Cd cells 7 connected in series with a fuse 8. A capacitor 9 is connected to ground parallel to the cells 7. A relay 10 is connected to the alternator 1 in series with a second diode 25 11, the relay 10 being connected in parallel with another capacitor 12. The Ni-Cd cells 7 are connected to the electric bulbs 4 and 5 through an emitter-collector circuit of the transistor 13 and the switch 3 as well as loaded by a resistor 14 and a base-connected zener diode 15. The base of the transistor 13 is connected via a resistor 16 to the zener diode 15 and thus the cells 7 through the resistor 14.
Kredsløbet fungerer på følgende måde. Når dynamoen 1 ikke producerer strøm, er relæomskifteren 3 i hvilestilling, 35 vist med stiplet linie, hvorved de elektriske pærer 4 og 5 under visse betingelser, som forklares nærmere, fødes af 4 144397 1 Ni-Cd-cellerne 7 gennem transistorens 13 emitter-kollek-tor kreds. Når dynamoen 1 begynder at producere strøm* oplades kondensatoren 12 først gennem dioden 11, hvorefter der begynder at gå en strøm gennem relæet 10, som 5 trækker relæomskifteren 3 til den med fuldt optrukket linie viste stilling. De elektriske pærer 4 og 5 fødes nu af dynamoen 1, som samtidig oplader Ni-Cd-cellerne, der er beskyttet mod for kraftig opladning af sikringen 8. Når dynamoen 1 igen ophører med at producere strøm, 10 eller producerer for lidt strøm, skifter relæomskifteren 3 tilbage til den med stiplet linie viste stilling, hvorved Ni-Cd-cellerne 7 overtager fødningen af de elektriske pærer 4 og 5· Falder Ni-Cd-cellernes 7 spænding til en spænding under zenerdiodens 15 gennemslagsspæn-15 ding, kan der ikke gå strøm gennem zenerdioden 15, hvorfor transistorens 13 emitterbasis spændingsfald bliver så lille, at transistoren 13 slukkes. Slukningen af transistoren 13 vil således følge zenerdiodens 15 karakteristik. Den i eksemplet viste konstruktion kan anvendes 20 inden for et stort spændingsområde ved passende dimensionering af komponenterne.The circuit works as follows. When the alternator 1 does not produce power, the relay switch 3 is in a resting position, 35 in dotted line, whereby the electric bulbs 4 and 5 are fed, under certain conditions, as further explained, by the Ni-Cd cells 7 through the emitter of transistor 13. collector-tor circuit. When the alternator 1 starts to produce current *, the capacitor 12 is first charged through the diode 11, then a current passes through the relay 10 which 5 draws the relay switch 3 to the fully drawn line position. The electric bulbs 4 and 5 are now fed by the alternator 1, which simultaneously charges the Ni-Cd cells which are protected against excessive charging of the fuse 8. When the alternator 1 again stops producing power, 10 or produces too little current, the switches relay switch 3 returns to the dotted line position whereby Ni-Cd cells 7 take over the supply of electric bulbs 4 and 5 · If the voltage of Ni-Cd cells 7 falls to a voltage below the average voltage of the zener diode 15, go current through the zener diode 15, so that the emitter base voltage drop of the transistor 13 becomes so small that the transistor 13 turns off. Thus, switching off transistor 13 will follow the characteristics of zener diode 15. The construction shown in the example can be used within a wide range of voltage by appropriately sizing the components.
Opfindelsen er i det foregående forklaret i forbindelse med beskyttelse af cykellygters sekundære 25 strømforsyning, men konstruktionen kan anvendes i forbindelse med alle strømforsyninger.The invention has been explained above in connection with the protection of the secondary power supply of bicycle lights, but the construction can be used in connection with all power supplies.
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK461079A DK144397C (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISPLAY PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE |
NL8020418A NL8020418A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1980-10-28 | |
DE19803050002 DE3050002A1 (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1980-10-28 | CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE CURRENT SOURCE |
PCT/DK1980/000065 WO1981001349A1 (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1980-10-28 | Circuit for automatic discharge protection of a passive current source |
EP80902172A EP0038837A1 (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1981-05-19 | Circuit for automatic discharge protection of a passive current source |
NO812212A NO812212L (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1981-06-29 | POWER CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC LOAD PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE. |
SE8104050A SE423586B (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1981-06-29 | CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC URL ADD PROTECTION FOR A PASSIVE POWER CELL LOADED BY T EX |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK461079A DK144397C (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISPLAY PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE |
DK461079 | 1979-10-31 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK461079A DK461079A (en) | 1981-05-01 |
DK144397B true DK144397B (en) | 1982-03-01 |
DK144397C DK144397C (en) | 1982-08-02 |
Family
ID=8135102
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK461079A DK144397C (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISPLAY PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0038837A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK144397C (en) |
NL (1) | NL8020418A (en) |
NO (1) | NO812212L (en) |
SE (1) | SE423586B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1981001349A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8412897D0 (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1984-06-27 | Mackinnon J M | Electrical power supply device |
DE59100747D1 (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1994-02-03 | Ver Drahtwerke Ag Biel | Bicycle light system with dynamo. |
JP2002262473A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-13 | Shimano Inc | Charging control circuit for bicycle |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3648145A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1972-03-07 | Singer Co | Undervoltage protection device |
DE2304555A1 (en) * | 1973-01-31 | 1974-08-01 | Licentia Gmbh | CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATOR |
DE2443415A1 (en) * | 1974-09-11 | 1976-03-25 | Miebach Christian | Dynamo and battery bicycle lights - has electronic controls and switchgear to selectively connect battery into light circuit |
DE2507780A1 (en) * | 1975-02-22 | 1976-09-02 | Marbach Geb Mensinger Johanna | Battery charge monitor and switching circuit - comprises potential divider network having two diodes in series with zener diode |
-
1979
- 1979-10-31 DK DK461079A patent/DK144397C/en active
-
1980
- 1980-10-28 WO PCT/DK1980/000065 patent/WO1981001349A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-10-28 NL NL8020418A patent/NL8020418A/nl unknown
-
1981
- 1981-05-19 EP EP80902172A patent/EP0038837A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-06-29 NO NO812212A patent/NO812212L/en unknown
- 1981-06-29 SE SE8104050A patent/SE423586B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK144397C (en) | 1982-08-02 |
NL8020418A (en) | 1981-09-01 |
WO1981001349A1 (en) | 1981-05-14 |
DK461079A (en) | 1981-05-01 |
SE423586B (en) | 1982-05-10 |
NO812212L (en) | 1981-06-29 |
EP0038837A1 (en) | 1981-11-04 |
SE8104050L (en) | 1981-06-29 |
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