NO812212L - POWER CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC LOAD PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE. - Google Patents
POWER CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC LOAD PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE.Info
- Publication number
- NO812212L NO812212L NO812212A NO812212A NO812212L NO 812212 L NO812212 L NO 812212L NO 812212 A NO812212 A NO 812212A NO 812212 A NO812212 A NO 812212A NO 812212 L NO812212 L NO 812212L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- passive
- circuit
- resistor
- power source
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J6/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles; Mounting or supporting thereof; Circuits therefor
- B62J6/01—Electric circuits
- B62J6/015—Electric circuits using electrical power not supplied by the cycle motor generator, e.g. using batteries or piezo elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1407—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle on vehicles not being driven by a motor, e.g. bicycles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår en strømkrets til automatisk utladningsbeskyttelse av en passiv strømkilde som belastes av f.eks. sykkellykter. The invention relates to a circuit for automatic discharge protection of a passive current source which is loaded by e.g. bicycle lights.
Ved bruk av dynamolykter på en sykkel kan sykkellyktene bare lyse når sykkelen kjører og dynamoen arbeider. Når sykkelen står stille er altså lyktene slukket, hvilket innebærer at syklisten er utsatt for stor fare for å bli oversétt i trafikken. For å løse dette problem er det kjent å anvende en sekundær strøm-forsyning i form av en passiv strømkilde som leverer strøm til lyktene når syklisten stopper. Omskiftning mellom de to strøm-forsyninger kan skje ad elektronisk vei, f.eks. slik at den sekundære strømforsyning innkobles når dynamospenningen faller under et visst nivå. Dette er f.eks. kjent fra beskrivelsen i tysk offentliggjørelsesskrift nr. 2.443.415, som beskriver en anordning til. oppladning av et batteri og mating av en belastning i form av sykkellykter. Anordningen består av en emitter-følger som ved hjelp av en zenerdiode virker som overspennings-beskyttelse for batteri og lykter. Anordningen beskytter ikke batteriet som mest fordelaktig utgjøres av oppladbare Ni-cd-celler, mot en kraftig utladning som forkorter cellenes levetid betydelig, nedsetter yteevnen og eventuelt forårsaker en om-polarisering. When using dynamo lights on a bicycle, the bicycle lights can only light up when the bicycle is moving and the dynamo is working. When the bike is stationary, the lights are off, which means that the cyclist is exposed to a great danger of being overlooked in traffic. To solve this problem, it is known to use a secondary power supply in the form of a passive power source which supplies power to the lights when the cyclist stops. Switching between the two power supplies can be done electronically, e.g. so that the secondary power supply is switched on when the dynamo voltage drops below a certain level. This is e.g. known from the description in German publication no. 2,443,415, which describes a device to. charging a battery and feeding a load in the form of bicycle lights. The device consists of an emitter follower which, with the help of a zener diode, acts as overvoltage protection for the battery and lights. The device does not protect the battery, which most advantageously consists of rechargeable Ni-cd cells, against a strong discharge which significantly shortens the life of the cells, reduces the performance and possibly causes a re-polarization.
Fra beskrivelsen i US-patent nr. 3.648.145 er det ganske riktig kjent en anordning til avbrytelse av forbindelsen mellom en strømforsyning og en belastning når strømforsyningens spenning kommer under en forutbestemt terskelverdi. Den elektroniske strømkrets som foretar denne utkobling består av en transistor-krets i hvis kollektor/emitter-krets en reléspole er innrettet til å aktivere en kontakt til ut- og innkobling av belastningen. Transistorens basis spenning tilveiebringes av strømforsyningen gjennom en spenningsdeler som således belaster strømforsyningen hva enten belastningen er kobletv ler ut. Denne tomgangs-bélastning er ganske visst ikke særlig stor, men tilstrekkelig til at anordningen ikke kan anvendes til en sykkels strømfor-syning, idet en sykkel ofte står ubrukt i meget lang tid. Selv en beskjeden utladning av Ni-Cd-cellene vil således kunne be-skadige dem. From the description in US patent no. 3,648,145, a device for interrupting the connection between a power supply and a load when the voltage of the power supply falls below a predetermined threshold value is quite correctly known. The electronic circuit which performs this disconnection consists of a transistor circuit in whose collector/emitter circuit a relay coil is arranged to activate a contact for disconnecting and connecting the load. The transistor's base voltage is provided by the power supply through a voltage divider which thus loads the power supply regardless of whether the load is connected or not. This idle load is admittedly not very large, but sufficient so that the device cannot be used for a bicycle's power supply, as a bicycle often sits unused for a very long time. Even a modest discharge of the Ni-Cd cells will thus be able to damage them.
Formålet med oppfinnelsen er å anvise en anordning til automatisk utladningsbeskyttelse av en sykkels sekundære strømfor-syning, som ikke er beheftet med ovennevnte ulemper. Dette blir oppnådd ved at strømkilden mater belastningen gjennom en. transistors emitter/kollektor-krets, at denne transistors basis gjennom en motstand er forbundet med en zenerdiode, og at fellespunktet for motstanden og zenerdioden er forbundet med strømkilden gjennom en motstand. Denne oppbygning er enkel og billig og sikrer strømkilden fullstendig mot utladning når. for-syningsspenningen går under en av zenerdioden bestemt terskelverdi. Anordningen er således særlig velegnet til montering på sykkel. The purpose of the invention is to provide a device for automatic discharge protection of a bicycle's secondary power supply, which is not affected by the above-mentioned disadvantages. This is achieved by the power source feeding the load through a transistor's emitter/collector circuit, that the base of this transistor is connected to a zener diode through a resistor, and that the common point of the resistor and the zener diode is connected to the current source through a resistor. This construction is simple and cheap and completely secures the power source against discharge when. the supply voltage falls below a threshold value determined by the zener diode. The device is thus particularly suitable for mounting on a bicycle.
Oppfinnelsen forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen som viser en anordning ifølge oppfinnelsen koblet sammen med et alminnelig kjent aggregat til oppladning av en sekundær, passiv strømkilde. The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing which shows a device according to the invention connected together with a commonly known unit for charging a secondary, passive current source.
På tegningen er det vist en dynamo 1 som gjennom en motstand 2 og en relékontakt 3 er forbundet med to elektriske pærer 4 og The drawing shows a dynamo 1 which, through a resistance 2 and a relay contact 3, is connected to two electric bulbs 4 and
5, f.eks. en sykkels for- og baklykter. Dynamoen 1 er dessuten gjennom en diode 6 forbundet med et sett Ni-Cd-celler 7, som er serieforbundet med en sikring 8. En kondensator 9 er forbundet med jord parallelt med cellene 7. Et relé 10 er forbundet med dynamoen 1 i serie med en annen diode 11, idet releet 10 er parallellforbundet med en annen kondensator 12. Ni-Cd-cellene 7 er tilsluttet de elektriske pærer 4 og 5 gjennom en transistors . 13 emitter/kollektor-krets og kontaktene 3 samt belastet av en motstand 14 og en serieforbundet zenerdiode 15. Transistorens 13 basis er gjennom en motstand 16 forbundet med zenerdioden 15 og dermed med cellene 7 gjennom motstanden 14. 5, e.g. a bicycle's front and rear lights. The dynamo 1 is also connected through a diode 6 to a set of Ni-Cd cells 7, which are connected in series with a fuse 8. A capacitor 9 is connected to earth in parallel with the cells 7. A relay 10 is connected to the dynamo 1 in series with another diode 11, the relay 10 being connected in parallel with another capacitor 12. The Ni-Cd cells 7 are connected to the electric bulbs 4 and 5 through a transistor. 13 emitter/collector circuit and the contacts 3 as well as loaded by a resistor 14 and a series-connected zener diode 15. The base of the transistor 13 is connected through a resistor 16 to the zener diode 15 and thus to the cells 7 through the resistor 14.
Anordningen arbeider på følgende måte. Når dynamoen 1 ikke produserer strøm, er relékontaktene 3 i hvilestilling som vist med stiplet linje, slik at de elektriske pærer 4 og 5 under visse betingelser som skal forklares nærmere, mates av Ni-Cd-celléne 7 gjennom transistorens 13 emitter/kollektor-krets. The device works in the following way. When the dynamo 1 is not producing current, the relay contacts 3 are in the rest position as shown by the dotted line, so that the electric bulbs 4 and 5 under certain conditions to be explained in more detail are fed by the Ni-Cd cells 7 through the emitter/collector circuit of the transistor 13 .
Når dynamoen 1 begynner å produsere strøm, opplades kondensatoren 12 først gjennom dioden 11, hvoréfter det begynner å'gå en strøm When the dynamo 1 begins to produce current, the capacitor 12 is first charged through the diode 11, after which a current begins to flow
gjennom releet 10 som legger om relékontaktene 3 til den stilling som er vist med fullt opptrukket linje. De elektriske pærer 4 og 5 mates nå fra dynamoen 1 som samtidig opplader Ni-Cd-cellene. Disse er beskyttet mot for kraftig oppladning av sikringen 8. Når dynamoen i igjen opphører med å produsere strøm eller produserer for lite strøm, vil relékontaktene 3 skiftes tilbake til den stilling som er vist med stiplet linje, through the relay 10 which resets the relay contacts 3 to the position shown with a fully extended line. The electric bulbs 4 and 5 are now fed from the dynamo 1 which simultaneously charges the Ni-Cd cells. These are protected against excessive charging by the fuse 8. When the dynamo i again ceases to produce current or produces too little current, the relay contacts 3 will be changed back to the position shown by the dashed line,
hvorved Ni-Cd-cellene 7 overtar matningen av de elektriske pærer 4 og 5. Faller Ni-Cd-cellenes 7 spenning til en spenning under zenerdiodens 15 terskelspenning, kan det ikke gå strøm gjennom zenerdioden 15, hvilket innebærer at transistorens 13 spennings-fall mellom emitter og basis blir.så lavt at transistoren 13 slukkes. Slukningen av transistoren 13 vil således- følge karakteristikken av zenerdioden 15. Den i eksemplet viste kon-struksjon kan anvendes innenfor et stort spenningsområde ved passende dimensjonering av komponentene. whereby the Ni-Cd cells 7 take over the supply of the electric bulbs 4 and 5. If the voltage of the Ni-Cd cells 7 drops to a voltage below the threshold voltage of the zener diode 15, current cannot flow through the zener diode 15, which means that the voltage drop of the transistor 13 between emitter and base becomes so low that the transistor 13 switches off. The switching off of the transistor 13 will thus follow the characteristic of the zener diode 15. The construction shown in the example can be used within a large voltage range by suitable dimensioning of the components.
Oppfinnelsen er ikke begrenset til den i eksemplet viste anvendelse, nemlig beskyttelse av sykkellykters sekundære strømforsyning, idet konstruksjonen kan anvendes i forbindelse med alle strømforsyninger. The invention is not limited to the application shown in the example, namely protection of the secondary power supply of bicycle lights, as the construction can be used in connection with all power supplies.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK461079A DK144397C (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1979-10-31 | CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC DISPLAY PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO812212L true NO812212L (en) | 1981-06-29 |
Family
ID=8135102
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO812212A NO812212L (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1981-06-29 | POWER CIRCUIT FOR AUTOMATIC LOAD PROTECTION OF A PASSIVE POWER SOURCE. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0038837A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK144397C (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8020418A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO812212L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE423586B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1981001349A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8412897D0 (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1984-06-27 | Mackinnon J M | Electrical power supply device |
| DE59100747D1 (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1994-02-03 | Ver Drahtwerke Ag Biel | Bicycle light system with dynamo. |
| JP2002262473A (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-13 | Shimano Inc | Charging control circuit for bicycle |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3648145A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1972-03-07 | Singer Co | Undervoltage protection device |
| DE2304555A1 (en) * | 1973-01-31 | 1974-08-01 | Licentia Gmbh | CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATOR |
| DE2443415A1 (en) * | 1974-09-11 | 1976-03-25 | Miebach Christian | Dynamo and battery bicycle lights - has electronic controls and switchgear to selectively connect battery into light circuit |
| DE2507780A1 (en) * | 1975-02-22 | 1976-09-02 | Marbach Geb Mensinger Johanna | Battery charge monitor and switching circuit - comprises potential divider network having two diodes in series with zener diode |
-
1979
- 1979-10-31 DK DK461079A patent/DK144397C/en active
-
1980
- 1980-10-28 WO PCT/DK1980/000065 patent/WO1981001349A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-10-28 NL NL8020418A patent/NL8020418A/nl unknown
-
1981
- 1981-05-19 EP EP80902172A patent/EP0038837A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-06-29 NO NO812212A patent/NO812212L/en unknown
- 1981-06-29 SE SE8104050A patent/SE423586B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK144397C (en) | 1982-08-02 |
| NL8020418A (en) | 1981-09-01 |
| DK144397B (en) | 1982-03-01 |
| WO1981001349A1 (en) | 1981-05-14 |
| DK461079A (en) | 1981-05-01 |
| SE423586B (en) | 1982-05-10 |
| EP0038837A1 (en) | 1981-11-04 |
| SE8104050L (en) | 1981-06-29 |
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