DE2304555A1 - CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATOR - Google Patents
CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATORInfo
- Publication number
- DE2304555A1 DE2304555A1 DE2304555A DE2304555A DE2304555A1 DE 2304555 A1 DE2304555 A1 DE 2304555A1 DE 2304555 A DE2304555 A DE 2304555A DE 2304555 A DE2304555 A DE 2304555A DE 2304555 A1 DE2304555 A1 DE 2304555A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- accumulator
- zener
- voltage
- transistor
- zener diode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
Schaltung zur Überwachung des Ladezustandes eines Akkumulators Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltung zur Überwachung des Ladezustandes eines Alckumulators. Beispielsweise bei Kraft fahrzeugen wird eine Überwachung der Batterie gewünscht, um bei einem Spannungsabfall rechtzeitig eine Nachladung der Batterie vornehmen zu können. Circuit for monitoring the state of charge of an accumulator The invention relates to a circuit for monitoring the state of charge of an aluminum accumulator. In the case of motor vehicles, for example, battery monitoring is desired, in order to recharge the battery in good time in the event of a voltage drop to be able to.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine hierfür geeignete Schaltung anzugeben, die eine geringe Stromaufnahme aufweist. Diesc Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zwischen die Pole des Akkumulators die Reihenschaltung aus mindestens einer Zenerdiode und einem Widerstand geschaltet ist und die Verbindung zischn Zenerdiode(n) und Widerstand an eine Steuereinheit angeschlossen ist, in deren steuerbareln Strompfad ein Halbleiter-Lumineszenzelement angeordnet ist, und daß die Zenerspannung der Zenerdiode(n) so gewählt und die Steuereinheit so aufgebaut ist, daß bei einem Absinken der Akkumulatorspannung unter die Sollspannung der Zenerdiodenstrom stark abnimmt und die Steuereinheit so durchgeschaltet wird, daß über das Lumineszenzelement ein das Aufleuchten des Elementes auslösender Strom fließt.The present invention is based on the object of this specify suitable circuit that has a low power consumption. This task is achieved according to the invention in that between the poles of the accumulator the Series connection made up of at least one Zener diode and a resistor and the connection between zener diode (s) and resistor to a control unit is connected, in whose controllable current path a semiconductor luminescent element is arranged, and that the Zener voltage of the Zener diode (s) so chosen and the control unit is constructed so that when the battery voltage drops the Zener diode current decreases sharply below the nominal voltage and the control unit is switched through so that the luminescent element lights up the The element triggering current flows.
Die Steuereinheit besteht vorzugsweise aus zwei in Emitter-Schaltung betriebenen Transistoren gleicher Zonenfolge, die jeweils über einen Kollektorwiderstand an den einen Pol des Akkumulators angeschlossen sind. Beide Transistoren sind einander nachgeschaltet. Das bedeutet, daß die Kollektorelektrode des ersten Transistors mit der Steuer- bzw. Basiselektrode des zweiten Transistors verbunden ist. In die Emitterzuleitung des zweiten Transistors ist das Halbleiter-Lumineszenzbauelement geschaltet, das vorzugsweise aus einer Leuchtdiode besteht. hierfür eignen sich beispielsweise rotleuchtende GaAsP-Dioden. Die Zenerspannung der Zenerdiode, bzw.The control unit preferably consists of two in an emitter connection operated transistors of the same zone sequence, each via a collector resistor are connected to one pole of the accumulator. Both transistors are mutually exclusive downstream. This means that the collector electrode of the first transistor is connected to the control or base electrode of the second transistor. In the The emitter lead of the second transistor is the semiconductor luminescent component switched, which preferably consists of a light emitting diode. are suitable for this for example red-glowing GaAsP diodes. The zener voltage of the zener diode or
die Summe der Zenerspannungen bei mehreren Zeherdioden, ist geringfügig kleiner als die Sollspannung des Akkumulators.the sum of the zener voltages for several zener diodes is insignificant less than the nominal voltage of the accumulator.
Die Erfindung wird im weiteren noch anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is further illustrated by an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail.
Bei der in der Figur dargestellten Schaltung handelt es sich beispielsweise um die Überwachung eines 12 V Akkumulators für Kraftfahrzeuge. Zwichen die Pole des Akkmulators ist die Reihenschaltung aus der Zenerdiode Z und Widerstand Rz geschaltet. Die einander nachgeschalteten Transistoren T1 und T2 sind über die Kollektorwiderstände Ttj bzw. R2 mit dem possitiven Pol des Akkumulators verbunden. Hierbei handelt es sich um npn-Planartransistoren. Die Basiselektrode des ersten Transistors T1 ist über einen Vorwiderstand R3 an den Verbindungspunkt A zwischen der Zenerdiode und dem Widerstand Rz angeschlossen.The circuit shown in the figure is, for example to monitor a 12 V battery for motor vehicles. Between the poles of the accumulator, the series circuit consisting of the Zener diode Z and resistor Rz is connected. The transistors T1 and T2 connected downstream of one another are connected to the collector resistors Ttj or R2 connected to the positive pole of the accumulator. This is what it is npn planar transistors. The base electrode of the first transistor T1 is Via a series resistor R3 to the connection point A between the Zener diode and connected to the resistor Rz.
Solange die Akkumulatorspannung größer oder gleich 12 V ist, fließt über die Zenerdiode und den Vorwiderstand Rz ein Questrom. Der Spannungsabfall am Vorwiderstand Rz reicht dann aus, um den Transistor T1 durchzuschalten.As long as the battery voltage is greater than or equal to 12 V, it flows A Questrom via the Zener diode and the series resistor Rz. The voltage drop on The series resistor Rz is then sufficient to switch the transistor T1 through.
Da der Kollektor des Transistors T1 dann nur die Transistorrestspannung aufweist, ist der Transistor T2 gesperrt und führt somit keinen Kellektorstrom. Die Leuchtdiode L bleibt dunkel.Since the collector of the transistor T1 then only the transistor residual voltage has, the transistor T2 is blocked and therefore does not carry any Kellektorstrom. The LED L remains dark.
Wenn die Sollspannung des Akkumulators unter 12 V absinkt, verringert sich rasch der Strom durch die Zenerdiode und damit der Spannungsabfall am Widerstand Rz. Bei einem bestimmten Wert unter der Sollspannung sperrt der Transistor T1 der Transistor T2 leitet und über die Lumineszenzdiode L fließt ein Strom, der für ein helles Rotlicht sorgt. Der notwendige Strom von nur ca, 20 mA kann auch von einer fast entladenen Autobatterie e einige Stunden lang geliefert werden. So reicht beispielsweise bei einer 44-Ah-Batterie eines Restkapazität von 1 % für eine 20-stündige Anzeige aus. Ein Rückgang der Batteriespannung um 0,1 V genügt, um die Leuchtdiode vom völlig dunkeln Zustand auf volle Helligkeit zu bringen.If the nominal voltage of the accumulator falls below 12 V, it is reduced the current through the zener diode and thus the voltage drop at resistor Rz. At a certain value below the nominal voltage, the transistor blocks T1 the transistor T2 conducts and a current flows through the light emitting diode L, the provides a bright red light. The necessary current of only approx. 20 mA can also can be delivered from an almost discharged car battery for a few hours. So For example, with a 44 Ah battery, a remaining capacity of 1% is sufficient for one 20-hour display off. A decrease in battery voltage of 0.1 V is sufficient to reduce the Bring light-emitting diode from completely dark to full brightness.
In einem besonderen Fall wurden für die Bauelemente der Schaltung folgende Werte gewählt: Rz = 1 k0hm R1 = 33 kOhm R2 = 510 Ohm R3 = 330 kOhm Die Zenerdiode weist eine Schwellspannung von ca. 10,5 bis 11,5 V auf. Sie kann aber auch durch zwei hintereinander geschaltete Dioden mit jeweils einer Schwellspannung von ca. 5,6 V ersetzt werden. Durch diese Maßnahme wird außerdem die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Schwellspannung bei dieser Schaltung reduziert.In a special case were used for the components of the circuit the following values are selected: Rz = 1 kOhm R1 = 33 kOhm R2 = 510 Ohm R3 = 330 kOhm Die Zener diode has a threshold voltage of approx. 10.5 to 11.5 V. But she can also by two diodes connected in series, each with a threshold voltage of approx. 5.6 V can be replaced. This measure also reduces the temperature dependency the threshold voltage is reduced in this circuit.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2304555A DE2304555A1 (en) | 1973-01-31 | 1973-01-31 | CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATOR |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2304555A DE2304555A1 (en) | 1973-01-31 | 1973-01-31 | CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATOR |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2304555A1 true DE2304555A1 (en) | 1974-08-01 |
Family
ID=5870417
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2304555A Withdrawn DE2304555A1 (en) | 1973-01-31 | 1973-01-31 | CIRCUIT FOR MONITORING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ACCUMULATOR |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2304555A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1981001349A1 (en) * | 1979-10-31 | 1981-05-14 | P Dunch | Circuit for automatic discharge protection of a passive current source |
-
1973
- 1973-01-31 DE DE2304555A patent/DE2304555A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1981001349A1 (en) * | 1979-10-31 | 1981-05-14 | P Dunch | Circuit for automatic discharge protection of a passive current source |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OF | Willingness to grant licences before publication of examined application | ||
OD | Request for examination | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |