DK0731520T3 - Material for use in the manufacture of catalytic electrodes - Google Patents
Material for use in the manufacture of catalytic electrodesInfo
- Publication number
- DK0731520T3 DK0731520T3 DK96301550T DK96301550T DK0731520T3 DK 0731520 T3 DK0731520 T3 DK 0731520T3 DK 96301550 T DK96301550 T DK 96301550T DK 96301550 T DK96301550 T DK 96301550T DK 0731520 T3 DK0731520 T3 DK 0731520T3
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- manufacture
- catalytic electrodes
- electrodes
- improved
- catalytic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
- C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
- H01M4/8835—Screen printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
- H01M4/8839—Painting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8857—Casting, e.g. tape casting, vacuum slip casting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8864—Extrusion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8882—Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/886—Powder spraying, e.g. wet or dry powder spraying, plasma spraying
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
An improved ink material, particularly for use in printing processes and its use in improved manufacturing processes for higher performance electrodes for application in fuel cells and other electrochemical devices is disclosed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9504713.0A GB9504713D0 (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1995-03-09 | Improved electrocatalytic material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK0731520T3 true DK0731520T3 (en) | 2001-07-30 |
Family
ID=10770881
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK96301550T DK0731520T3 (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1996-03-06 | Material for use in the manufacture of catalytic electrodes |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5716437A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0731520B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3920374B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE201794T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2171386C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69613030T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0731520T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2157401T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9504713D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (85)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19544323A1 (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 1997-06-05 | Magnet Motor Gmbh | Gas diffusion electrode for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells |
KR100201572B1 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-06-15 | 최수현 | Method producing electrode for fuel cell with method mixing coating and rolling |
GB9708365D0 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1997-06-18 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Proton conducting membranes |
US5910378A (en) | 1997-10-10 | 1999-06-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Membrane electrode assemblies |
US5958197A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-09-28 | De Nora S.P.A. | Catalysts for gas diffusion electrodes |
US7098163B2 (en) * | 1998-08-27 | 2006-08-29 | Cabot Corporation | Method of producing membrane electrode assemblies for use in proton exchange membrane and direct methanol fuel cells |
US20040209965A1 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2004-10-21 | Gascoyne John Malcolm | Process for preparing a solid polymer electrolyte membrane |
GB9826940D0 (en) | 1998-12-09 | 1999-02-03 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Electrode |
US6517965B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2003-02-11 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Platinum-ruthenium-nickel alloy for use as a fuel cell catalyst |
DE19910773A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 | 2000-09-28 | Degussa | Process for applying electrode layers to a band-shaped polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells |
GB9905950D0 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-05-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Substrates |
GB9914499D0 (en) | 1999-06-22 | 1999-08-25 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Non-woven fibre webs |
US6630081B1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2003-10-07 | Nagakazu Furuya | Process for producing gas diffusion electrode material |
US6399233B1 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2002-06-04 | Technology Management, Inc. | Technique for rapid cured electrochemical apparatus component fabrication |
US6361892B1 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2002-03-26 | Technology Management, Inc. | Electrochemical apparatus with reactant micro-channels |
US6589682B1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2003-07-08 | Karen Fleckner | Fuel cells incorporating nanotubes in fuel feed |
NL1014696C2 (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-28 | Stichting Energie | Manufacture of low-temperature fuel cell electrodes. |
WO2001071835A2 (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-27 | Victrex Manufacturing Limited | Membrane/electrode composite |
WO2001080342A1 (en) | 2000-04-17 | 2001-10-25 | Johnson Matthey Pulic Limited Company | Gas diffusion substrate |
CN1310358C (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2007-04-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and method for manufacturing electrode thereof, and manufacturing apparatus |
GB0016750D0 (en) * | 2000-07-08 | 2000-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improved material for electrode manufacture |
GB0016752D0 (en) | 2000-07-08 | 2000-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Electrochemical structure |
DE60143484D1 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2010-12-30 | City Tech | GAS SENSORS |
DE10037074A1 (en) | 2000-07-29 | 2002-02-14 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Ink for the production of membrane electrode assemblies for PEM fuel cells |
DE10037072A1 (en) * | 2000-07-29 | 2002-02-14 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Membrane electrode unit for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and process for their production |
JP4624528B2 (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2011-02-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell component performance evaluation apparatus and performance evaluation method |
DE10050467A1 (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2002-05-16 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Method for producing a membrane electrode assembly for fuel cells |
US6605379B1 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2003-08-12 | Grafttech Inc. | Hydrophobic fuel cell electrode |
GB0027119D0 (en) | 2000-11-07 | 2000-12-20 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Gas diffusion substrate |
US6696382B1 (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2004-02-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Catalyst inks and method of application for direct methanol fuel cells |
KR100423843B1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2004-03-22 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Manufacturing method of electrode for fuel cell and electrode using the same |
DE10159476A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-07-17 | Omg Ag & Co Kg | Process for the manufacture of membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells |
TWI266655B (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2006-11-21 | Du Pont | Production of catalyst coated membranes |
EP1387422B1 (en) | 2002-07-31 | 2016-04-06 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Process for the manufacture of catalyst-coated substrates |
DE60230979D1 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2009-03-12 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Aqueous catalyst inks and their use in the preparation of catalyst coated substrates |
US20040072044A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-15 | John Rusek | Direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell utilizing proton-donating fuel |
US7344799B2 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2008-03-18 | Swift Enterprises, Ltd. | Direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell |
JP2004241362A (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-08-26 | Toyota Motor Corp | Membrane electrode junction and manufacturing method thereof |
US20040107869A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Catalyst ink |
US6928893B2 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2005-08-16 | General Motors Corporation | Method of making a gas diffusion media and quality controls for same |
US7107864B2 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2006-09-19 | General Motors Corporation | Quality control methods for gas diffusion media |
JP2004281152A (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-10-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Apparatus and method foe manufacturing electrode |
JP2004319139A (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-11-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Membrane electrode assembly and its manufacturing method |
DE10320320B4 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2007-08-16 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Catalyst layer, suitable catalyst paste, as well as production process thereof |
GB0411733D0 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2004-06-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Anode structure |
GB0419062D0 (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2004-09-29 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Platinum alloy catalyst |
GB0421254D0 (en) | 2004-09-24 | 2004-10-27 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Membrane electrode assembly |
JP2008534719A (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2008-08-28 | ユミコア・アクチエンゲゼルシャフト・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト | Ink for producing catalyst layer |
GB0510119D0 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2005-06-22 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Polymer dispersion and electrocatalyst ink |
US8115373B2 (en) | 2005-07-06 | 2012-02-14 | Rochester Institute Of Technology | Self-regenerating particulate trap systems for emissions and methods thereof |
CA2615492C (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2011-07-19 | Jsr Corporation | Electrode electrolyte for solid polymer-type fuel cell |
GB0518635D0 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2005-10-19 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst |
DE102005054149A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-16 | Basf Ag | Amine-containing catalyst ink for fuel cells |
CN100517820C (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-07-22 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Ordered membrane electrode of proton-exchange membrane fuel battery, preparation and application thereof |
GB0601943D0 (en) | 2006-02-01 | 2006-03-15 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Microporous layer |
JP5298405B2 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2013-09-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing method of membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell |
GB0614909D0 (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2006-09-06 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst |
GB0617806D0 (en) | 2006-09-11 | 2006-10-18 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Fuel cell assembly |
GB0714460D0 (en) | 2007-07-25 | 2007-09-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst |
KR101021115B1 (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2011-03-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Manufacturing method Catalyst layer of membrane electrode assembly |
US9093685B2 (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2015-07-28 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Methods of making membrane electrode assemblies |
GB2468360A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-08 | Life Safety Distribution Ag | Ionic liquid electrolyte |
WO2011003884A1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | Basf Se | Ink comprising polymer particles, electrode, and mea |
US9325017B2 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2016-04-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for controlling ionomer and platinum distribution in a fuel cell electrode |
EP2460211A1 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-06-06 | ReVolt Technology Ltd | Metal-air battery with ion exchange material |
GB0914562D0 (en) | 2009-08-20 | 2009-09-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst layer |
GB0921996D0 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-02-03 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catayst layer assembley |
EP2553751A4 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2014-07-16 | Trenergi Corp | High temperature membrane electrode assembly with high power density and corresponding method of making |
GB201021352D0 (en) | 2010-12-16 | 2011-01-26 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst layer |
GB2490300A (en) | 2011-02-08 | 2012-10-31 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Catalyst for fuel cells |
JP5494585B2 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2014-05-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Catalyst ink for fuel cell electrode, membrane electrode assembly, fuel cell |
GB201116713D0 (en) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-11-09 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst |
JP6149695B2 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2017-06-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing method of membrane-electrode assembly for fuel cell |
GB201405209D0 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-05-07 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Process |
GB201405210D0 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2014-05-07 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Process |
DE112015001444T5 (en) | 2014-03-24 | 2016-12-29 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd. | Membrane-seal arrangement |
JP5812141B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Liquid discharge device |
US10119932B2 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2018-11-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Electrochemical gas sensor |
GB201413794D0 (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2014-09-17 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd And Universit� De Montpellier Ii And Ct Nat De La Rech Scient | Membrane |
GB201415846D0 (en) | 2014-09-08 | 2014-10-22 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Catalyst |
JP6196201B2 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-09-13 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Method for producing catalyst ink |
GB201420934D0 (en) | 2014-11-25 | 2015-01-07 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Membrane-seal assembly |
GB201515870D0 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-10-21 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Process |
GB201900646D0 (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-06 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Membrane |
GB201914335D0 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2019-11-20 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Membrane electrode assembly |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL160013C (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1979-09-17 | Du Pont | PROCESS FOR PREPARING SOLUTIONS OF A SULFONYL GROUPS CONTAINING FLUORO CARBON POLYMER. |
JPS5827352B2 (en) * | 1979-08-31 | 1983-06-08 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Manufacturing method of ion exchange membrane with electrode layer attached |
BR8202395A (en) * | 1981-05-01 | 1983-04-12 | Du Pont | MEMBRANE COMPOSITE SET / ELECTROCHEM CELL ELECTRODE AND ELECTROLYSIS PROCESS |
JPS58147575A (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1983-09-02 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | Production of joined body of porous electrode and ion exchange membrane |
EP0305565B1 (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1993-02-24 | The Dow Chemical Company | Current collector bonded to a solid polymer membrane |
FR2621043B1 (en) * | 1987-09-25 | 1992-01-17 | Atochem | FLUORINATED ION EXCHANGE POLYMERS CONTAINING METAL AGGREGATES IN MASS OR SURFACE AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING THEM |
US5211984A (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1993-05-18 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Membrane catalyst layer for fuel cells |
JPH05144444A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-06-11 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell and electrode manufacturing method |
US5272017A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-12-21 | General Motors Corporation | Membrane-electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells |
GB9213124D0 (en) * | 1992-06-20 | 1992-08-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | High performance electrode |
US5415888A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1995-05-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of imprinting catalytically active particles on membrane |
US5330860A (en) * | 1993-04-26 | 1994-07-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Membrane and electrode structure |
US5523177A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-06-04 | Giner, Inc. | Membrane-electrode assembly for a direct methanol fuel cell |
-
1995
- 1995-03-09 GB GBGB9504713.0A patent/GB9504713D0/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-03-06 EP EP96301550A patent/EP0731520B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-06 ES ES96301550T patent/ES2157401T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-06 DE DE69613030T patent/DE69613030T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-06 AT AT96301550T patent/ATE201794T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-06 DK DK96301550T patent/DK0731520T3/en active
- 1996-03-07 US US08/613,387 patent/US5716437A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-08 CA CA2171386A patent/CA2171386C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-11 JP JP05342396A patent/JP3920374B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9504713D0 (en) | 1995-04-26 |
CA2171386C (en) | 2010-02-09 |
EP0731520A1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
JP3920374B2 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
EP0731520B1 (en) | 2001-05-30 |
DE69613030D1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
JPH08259873A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
US5716437A (en) | 1998-02-10 |
ATE201794T1 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
ES2157401T3 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
DE69613030T2 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
CA2171386A1 (en) | 1996-09-10 |
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