DEP0010982DA - Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitors - Google Patents
Electrolyte for electrolytic capacitorsInfo
- Publication number
- DEP0010982DA DEP0010982DA DEP0010982DA DE P0010982D A DEP0010982D A DE P0010982DA DE P0010982D A DEP0010982D A DE P0010982DA
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- weight
- electrolytes
- electrolytic capacitors
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
Description
Die Elektrolyte für Elektrolytkondensatoren bestehen meist aus Lösungen von schwachen Säuren, wie Borsäure, Zitronensäure oder Phosphorsäure in mehrwertigen Alkoholen wie Glykol oder Glycerin. Von den Eigenschaften der Elektrolyte (Leitfähigkeit, Wasserstoffionenkonzentration, Formierfähigkeit) hängt bekanntlich die Güte der Kondensatoren im hohen Masse ab. Es ist daher auch von größter Wichtigkeit, dass diese Eigenschaften möglichst auf die Dauer und unabhängig von den Betriebsbedingungen der Kondensatoren erhalten bleiben, d.h., dass nach ihrer Fertigstellung keine ihre Güte beeinträchtigenden chemischen Umsetzungen oder auch Entmischungen der Elektrolyte auftreten. Entmischungen sind z.B. dann zu befürchten, wenn die Kondensatoren während des Betriebs besonders tiefen Temperaturen - beispielsweise -40°C und mehr - ausgesetzt sind. Derartige Temperaturen begünstigen nämlich das Auskristallisieren von Salzen aus den Elektrolyten, wodurch dann erfahrungsgemäss die Verluste unzulässig anwachsen.The electrolytes for electrolytic capacitors usually consist of solutions of weak acids such as boric acid, citric acid or phosphoric acid in polyhydric alcohols such as glycol or glycerine. As is well known, the quality of the capacitors depends to a large extent on the properties of the electrolytes (conductivity, hydrogen ion concentration, forming ability). It is therefore of the utmost importance that these properties are maintained as long as possible and regardless of the operating conditions of the capacitors, i.e. that no chemical reactions or segregation of the electrolytes that impair their quality occur after their completion. Separation is to be feared, for example, if the capacitors are exposed to particularly low temperatures - for example -40 ° C and more - during operation. Such temperatures promote the crystallization of salts from the electrolytes, which, according to experience, then increases the losses to an inadmissible extent.
Gemäss der Erfindung wird dies durch die Beimengung von geeigneten Kolloiden zu den Elektrolyten verhindert. Geeignete Kolloide in diesem Sinne sind beispielsweise Gelatine, Tylose (wasserlösliche Methyl-zellulose) und Kieselgallerte. Diese Kolloide werden den Elektrolyten in verhältnismässig kleinen Mengen zugesetzt. 700 g eines aus Glykol, primärem Ammoniumphosphat, Borsäure und Ammoniak zusammengesetzten Elektrolyten werden z.B. mit einer Lösung von 35 g Gelatine in 70 g Glykol vermischt. Die Scheinkapazität eines unter Verwendung eines derartigen Elektrolyten mit Gelatinezusatz hergestellten Elektrolytkondensators beträgt bei -40°C etwa 75% von derjenigen bei +20°C; bei Erwärmen auf Zimmertemperatur stellt sich selbst nach längerem Lagern bei -70°C der Normalwert der Kapazität rasch wieder ein. Ähnliche Verhältnisse er- geben sich, wenn man ebenfalls 700 g des vorerwähnten Elektrolyten mit 7 g Tylose in 63 g Wasser vermischt. Die Viskosität der Elektrolyte steigt zwar durch den Zusatz der Gelatine und der Tylose an, trotzdem sind aber die Elektrolyte zum Tränken trocken gewickelter Kondensatoren brauchbar, da sie durch Erwärmen genügend dünnflüssig werden.According to the invention, this is prevented by adding suitable colloids to the electrolytes. Suitable colloids in this sense are, for example, gelatine, tylose (water-soluble methyl cellulose) and silica gel. These colloids are added to the electrolytes in relatively small amounts. For example, 700 g of an electrolyte composed of glycol, primary ammonium phosphate, boric acid and ammonia are mixed with a solution of 35 g of gelatin in 70 g of glycol. The apparent capacity of an electrolytic capacitor produced using such an electrolyte with added gelatin is about 75% at -40 ° C of that at + 20 ° C; when heated to room temperature, the normal value of the capacity is quickly restored even after prolonged storage at -70 ° C. Similar conditions if one also mixes 700 g of the aforementioned electrolyte with 7 g of Tylose in 63 g of water. The viscosity of the electrolytes increases with the addition of gelatine and Tylose, but the electrolytes can still be used for impregnating dry-wound capacitors, as they become sufficiently thin when heated.
Claims (5)
Family
ID=
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