DE947324C - Electrode salt bath furnace - Google Patents

Description

Electrode salt bath furnace The electrode salt bath furnace was used earlier in the Emptied so that the salt has been scooped out of the crucible. They were there Electrodes are usually arranged in the crucible itself, thus reducing the usable space of the crucible was poorly used in relation to its extent, since when the Care had to be taken that this did not come into contact with the electrodes came. Such an electrode salt bath oven should be in operation again after it has been emptied are set, the salt sump first had to be melted by special auxiliary electrodes after which it was gradually topped up with salt. One let If the salt solidified in the crucible, the melting had to be done by means of a special The heating device, which consisted of auxiliary electrodes, must be started from above.

The disadvantages of the above arrangement are partially eliminated fixed that the electrode salt bath furnace had a device for tilting and a watering can receives. The tilt axis could either go through the furnace's center of gravity or in the Run near the pouring spout. The electrode salt bath furnace offers further advantages according to the invention achieved in that the electrodes laterally obliquely into the crucible are arranged in a protruding manner.

The invention has the advantage that the crucible can be easily emptied can, further that the Elektrodeii do not interfere with the usable space, so that the Crucible space can be used well in relation to its external dimensions. The diagonally in the crucible protruding electrodes can be pushed through to the salt sump and used as melting electrodes be used, so that a special auxiliary device is no longer required.

Another advantageous l: irizellieit of the invention is That ran the use of a Tretuiwancl for the utility and electrical room and the connection of the furnace on three-phase current the separating band can serve as a zero point for the electrodes, whereby a regulation is effected by bringing the electrodes closer to and inferior to the partition the heating can be done. Such a regulation can also take place by elaß Legs of a partition wall more or less conceal the electrodes or in a metal one Crucibles are introduced.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, this regulating process can be promoted by the fact that the electrodes have plate-shaped extensions at their ends.

Further advantageous details of the invention are set out below described.

The Zeiclniting illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. I shows the electrode salt bath furnace in elevation; Fig. 2 is a Partial section 11-II in Fig. I; 3 shows an electrode with a disc in FIG the \ ä 1i ° of their end; Fig. 4 shows another type of electrode; Fig. 5 shows an arrangement of the three electrodes with three-phase connection; Fig. 6 shows a different electrode arrangement, the metal crucible ran to one of the rotating stroniphase itself is connected.

The electrode salt bath furnace consists of a metal crucible i, the is surrounded by a wall 2, which has a metal protective jacket 3 on the outside. On the side of the crucible there is an electrode chamber 4. in which the electrodes 5 are housed at an angle so that their ends protrude into the crucible space 6.

The utility space 6 is from the electrode space ..1. through a partition 7 divided, which is guided in guide projections 8 of the crucible wall. The partition 7 has a passage 9 above and a passage io below, so that the bath between can circulate around the usable space and the electrode space. In addition, are to push through the electrodes 5 special openings t i are provided.

Bearing journals 12 are provided on the outside of the furnace, with the axis this pin runs approximately through the center of gravity of the furnace. Furthermore, the Furnace a pouring spout 13. The tilt axis can also be arranged so that it is in in the vicinity of the pouring spout, the bearing journals 12 then being arranged in one plane that runs near the pouring spout.

The useful space 6 is from the electrode chamber 4 above the bath level 14 divided by a partition 15. In addition, the Kamnierraum 4 is through the jacket 16 covered to the outside.

The electrodes are housed in a r7 age housing, which is filled with an easily removable keranlisclien fabric r8. To remove the substance, the housing 17 is provided with a cover which is aii., - # escliratil) t on the housing 17. The housing 17 can be arranged to be longitudinally displaceable in the rabbit jacket wall r6. Instead, you can. the housing must also be firmly attached to the can wall, while only clic I: 1el; drums are arranged to be longitudinally displaceable.

The electrodes are medium: special holder 20 and more flexible Cable 2 r connected to the power source.

Below the pouring spout 13 there is a fritleerungsöitnung vcir @@ esehen on the bottom of the crucible, which is closed by a kerarnisclien stuffing elf 2_1, which is held in place by a scliratilil: alil :: 2 3. The screw cap is screwed onto a screw connector 24. which is attached to your Flektrodenmantel 3.

In the design according to FIG. 3, the llektrocle 25 has shortly before its End of a plate 26 which runs parallel to the partition 7.

In the design according to FIG. 4, the electrode 27 has a plate 28 at the end, the partition 29 having no through-opening for the electrode.

According to Fig.5, three-phase current in the electrode chamber4 can run three @lehtrod; nfZ..S and T be roughly in a triangle, angled angordii: ° t.

According to FIG. 6, the metal crucible itself serves as an electrode 7 and is connected to this phase of the network for this purpose, so that only two further electrodes R and f need be provided. i If the electrode salt bath furnace is to be emptied Nverden. it is tilted around its tilting axis and a glass of liquid salt is poured out using the Giel!; sclin @ itiz ° 13. Should the furnace be standardized again in operation. in this way the electrodes are pushed so far into the crucible that they reach all the way to the salt sump and can be used for streaking. After the swamp has cooled down, salt is then filled with alliliäiilicli n <tcli, the electrodes correspondingly <<; ie <l :: r to be withdrawn. Complete emptying can also be achieved by means of the emptying opening, in which case the ceramic stopper is removed. After emptying, the stopper is reinserted and the screw cap is screwed on.

In the case of a metal partition 7, by approaching and removing the Elektrochn a regulation of the heating carried out \\ - ground. If no partition is provided, But if the crucible is made of metal, it can also be made of larger or smaller Immersion of the electrodes in the molten salt regulates the heating effect.

This regulation can also be carried out automatically by the fact that the device for moving the electrodes by a temperature controller or a Current relay is controlled. These Control effect is favored by the plate-like widenings near or at the end of the electrodes.

If the metal crucible itself serves as one of the electrodes in the case of a three-phase connection, in this way the crucible wall near the other electrodes is reinforced to make the stronger one To counteract wear and tear caused by the current transfer.

The invention is for both single-phase and multi-phase Connection usable. Any number of electrodes can be used.

The electrode chamber 4 is both against the usable space and against the outer space covered, whereby a radiation of the heat to the outside from the electrode chamber is prevented.

The guides 8 for the partition 7 prevent that when tilting the Oven, the partition 7 swings away from its position. Instead of the illustrated Projections 8 can also be provided with special guide grooves in the crucible wall. The invention is applicable to both ceramic and metal crucibles. An oven with a circular crucible is illustrated; any other can also be used Crucible shape come into use. The electrodes are in the exemplary embodiment illustrated as rod electrodes with a circular cross-section, but it can any other shape and cross section of the electrodes can also be used.

By placing the electrodes in the chamber 4. the heating process essentially confined to this chamber, with a vigorous circulation of the bath is achieved. The bath is circulated both through the permeable and io as well as through the openings i i in the partition wall 7. This double circulation has the consequence that a good temperature balance is achieved in the entire bath. As the electrodes need to protrude little or not at all into the usable space, this is for the storage of the batch is fully available.

The tilting of the oven can be done either by hand or by means of any Drive done. The emptying opening in the bottom of the crucible is essentially used for quick emptying, should this be necessary for any reason.

The use of electrodes with the plate-shaped extensions in the end allows a more powerful heating and a stronger bath circulation, whereby also the ability to regulate the heating by moving the electrodes back and forth is increased. The invention can be used for both electrode salt bath furnaces, those for heating workpieces for the purpose of further treatment, for example for the purpose of Hardening, are usable, as well as for melting furnaces of other types, such as. B. for glass melting furnaces etc.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Electrode salt bath furnace, characterized in that that the electrodes (5) protrude laterally at an angle into the crucible (i). 2. Electrode salt bath furnace according to claim i, characterized in that the electrodes (5) extend to the bottom of the crucible can be moved lengthways. 3. electrode salt bath furnace according to claim i or 2, characterized characterized in that the electrodes (5) are provided in a side on the crucible (i) Chamber (4) are housed. 4. electrode salt bath furnace according to claim 3, characterized characterized in that the electrode chamber (4) is separated from the crucible space (6) by a partition (7) is divided, the top and bottom passages (9, io) for the bath circulation and openings (ii) for the protruding electrodes (5). 5. Electrode salt bath furnace according to Claim 4, characterized in that the partition (7) in grooves or between Projections (8) of the crucible wall is guided. 6. Electrode salt bath furnace according to claim 3 to 5, characterized in that the electrodes (5) on or near their have parallel plates at the lower end to the partition wall. 7. Electrode salt bath furnace according to claim 2 to 6, characterized in that the electrode displacement by a temperature controller or a current relay is controlled. B. Electrode salt bath furnace according to claim 2 to 7, characterized in that the electrodes in one with one easily removable ceramic material-filled holder housing (17) sit opposite the crucible (i) is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the electrodes. 9. electrode salt bath furnace according to claim i to 8, characterized in that in the case of a metallic crucible (i) the crucible wall in the vicinity of the electrodes (5) is thicker. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 420 034, 411 809, 549 819; French patent specification No. 745 459.