DE94114C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE94114C DE94114C DENDAT94114D DE94114DA DE94114C DE 94114 C DE94114 C DE 94114C DE NDAT94114 D DENDAT94114 D DE NDAT94114D DE 94114D A DE94114D A DE 94114DA DE 94114 C DE94114 C DE 94114C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- coal
- cyanide
- alkali
- melt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanogen Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 Tears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QYTOONVFPBUIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M azane;cyanate Chemical compound N.[O-]C#N QYTOONVFPBUIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C3/00—Cyanogen; Compounds thereof
- C01C3/08—Simple or complex cyanides of metals
- C01C3/10—Simple alkali metal cyanides
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
ΡΑΤΕΝΤΑΜΤ\%ΡΑΤΕΝΤΑΜΤ \%
Nach einem von Karmrodt gemachten Vorschlage soll man zur Gewinnung von Cyanverbindungen ammoniakhaltige Gase durch glühende, mit Potasche getränkte Kohle leiten; später zeigte dann Langlois, dafs Ammoniak, über glühende Kohlen geleitet, Cyanammonium bildet, und wurde diese Reaction namentlich von Brunquell und Webers technisch verwerthet. According to a suggestion made by Karmrodt, one should obtain cyano compounds Pass ammonia-containing gases through glowing coal soaked in potash; Langlois later showed that ammonia, when passed over glowing coals, was cyanammonium and this reaction was used technically by Brunquell and Webers.
Wie C ar ο mittheilt (Chem. Ind. 1895,Nr1 13), leidet letzteres Verfahren sehr unter der Abnutzung der Apparate, während das Karmrodt'sehe Verfahren den Uebelstand aufweist, dafs die geschmolzene Potasche die Kohletheilchen umhüllt und diese daher beim Ueberleiten von Ammoniak der Einwirkung desselben zum gröfsten Theile entzieht.As Caro reports (Chem. Ind. 1895, No. 1 13), the latter method suffers greatly from the wear and tear of the apparatus, while the Karmrodt method has the disadvantage that the molten potash envelops the coal particles and these therefore when passing over Ammonia for the most part withdraws from its action.
Siepermann (D. R. P. Nr. 38012 und 5 1 562) läfst sich zuerst aus einem Alkalikohlengemisch und Ammoniak cyansaures Kali bilden und führt dieses dann in Cyanid über, während B eil by (D. R.(P. Nr. 74554) ein Gemisch von Potasche, Kohle und Cyankalium zum Schmelzen bringt und die geschmolzene Masse über eine Reihe von Sieben tropfen läfst, durch welche, von unten her ein Strom von Ammoniak streicht.Siepermann (DRP No. 38012 and 5 1 562) can first be formed from a mixture of alkali carbon and ammonia cyanate of potash and then converts this into cyanide, while B eil by (DR ( P. No. 74554) is a mixture of potash, coal and Melting potassium cyanide and running the molten mass over a series of sieves through which a stream of ammonia passes from below.
Neuerdings hat Pfleger ein Verfahren sich patentiren lassen (D. R. P. Nr. 89594), nach welchem er nur einen Theil der zur Cyanbildung nöthigen Kohle dem Alkali zumischt, dieses Gemisch zum Schmelzen bringt und dann Ammoniak und Kohle in die Schmelze einbläst. Pfleger has recently had a process patented (D. R. P. No. 89594) to which he mixes with the alkali only a part of the charcoal necessary for the formation of cyanogen, melts this mixture and then blows ammonia and carbon into the melt.
Die Verfahren, bei denen Alkali, mit Kohle gemischt, zum Schmelzen gebracht wird, leiden an dem Uebelstande, dafs das sich bei der Schmelzung durch Reduction bildende Metall zum Theil verflüchtigt und zu Verlusten führt. Das z. B. bei Anwendung eines Potaschekohlengemisches nach der GleichungThe processes in which alkali, mixed with coal, is made to melt, suffer from the inconvenience that that which is formed during fusion by reduction Metal volatilizes in part and leads to losses. The Z. B. when using a potash coal mixture according to the equation
K2 CO3+ 2C = K 2 CO 3 + 2C =
3CO3CO
entstehende metallische Kalium entweicht schon bei 72 50 C. in Dampfform, während die Reactionstemperatur zur Bildung von Cyaniden eine bedeutend höhere ist.The resulting metallic potassium escapes in vapor form at 72 5 ° C., while the reaction temperature for the formation of cyanides is considerably higher.
Vorliegendes Verfahren soll diesem Uebelstande abhelfen. Nach von dem Erfinder gemachten Beobachtungen ist es nämlich gar nicht nöthig, ein Gemisch von Alkali und Kohle zu schmelzen, sondern es genügt, wenn man nur Alkali, dem zur Erhöhung der Reactionstemperatur fertiges Cyanid zugesetzt werden kann, schmilzt, tn diese Schmelze, die in einem bedeckten Tiegel vorgenommen wird, leitet man in bekannter Weise durch ein Gaszuführungsrohr Stickstoff, der nicht völlig von Sauerstoff befreit zu sein braucht, und (oder) Ammoniak.The present procedure is intended to remedy this inconvenience. After made by the inventor For it is not at all necessary to observe a mixture of alkali and charcoal melt, but it is sufficient if only alkali is used to increase the reaction temperature Finished cyanide can be added that melts, tn this melt, which in one Covered crucible is made, one passes in a known manner through a gas supply tube Nitrogen, which does not have to be completely deoxygenated, and (or) ammonia.
■ Gleichzeitig drückt man in die Schmelze, und zwar, um eine bessere Mischung herbeizuführen, durch dasselbe Gaszuführungsrohr Kohlenwasserstoffe, z. B. Acetylen und (oder) Kohle. ■ At the same time you press into the melt, in order to bring about a better mixture, through the same gas supply pipe hydrocarbons, z. B. acetylene and (or) coal.
Die hierbei aus den Kohlenwasserstoffen sich ausscheidende Kohle und (oder) die als solche eingeführte Kohle wirkt sofort theilweise reducirend, theilweise cyanbildend. Die Einführung der letztgenannten Stoffe hat so zu geschehen, dafs ein Ueberschufs derselben zu vermeidenThe coal that separates out of the hydrocarbons and (or) that as such Introduced charcoal has an immediate effect, partly reducing and partly cyanogen. The introduction the last-named substance has to be done in such a way that an excess of it is avoided
ist, während ein Ueberschufs an Stickstoff und (oder) an Ammoniak nichts schadet.while an excess of nitrogen and (or) ammonia does no harm.
Zur besseren Ausnutzung schaltet man hinter den ersten Tiegel noch einen zweiten, mit geschmolzenem Alkali gefüllten ein, den die aus dem ersten Tiegel austretenden Gase zu durchstreichen haben, oder man bringt diese Gase, nachdem dieselben zur Condensation von mitverdämpftem Cyanid KühlkanSle passirt haben, mit Säuren, z. B. mit Schwefelsäure, in Berührung, um das überschüssige Ammoniak wiederzugewinnen. Das in der Schmelze geFor better utilization, a second crucible with melted one is placed behind the first crucible Alkali filled one, which the gases emerging from the first crucible have to cross out have, or these gases are brought to the condensation of co-vaporized substances afterwards Cyanide cooling channels have passed with acids, e.g. B. with sulfuric acid, in contact, to recover the excess ammonia. That ge in the melt
bildete Cyanid wird in bekannter Weise gewonnen. The cyanide formed is obtained in a known manner.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE94114C true DE94114C (en) |
Family
ID=365488
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT94114D Active DE94114C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE94114C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2675295A (en) * | 1949-05-12 | 1954-04-13 | Daniels Joseph | Process for rapidly and continuously performing a high temperature endothermic reaction between a solid and a gaseous reactant |
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0
- DE DENDAT94114D patent/DE94114C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2675295A (en) * | 1949-05-12 | 1954-04-13 | Daniels Joseph | Process for rapidly and continuously performing a high temperature endothermic reaction between a solid and a gaseous reactant |
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