DE8528821U1 - Single axle trailer - Google Patents

Description

Stadler vehicle factory
and container construction GmbH & Co.
Finninger Strasse 50
7910 Neu-Ulm

7900 Ulm, 03.10.85 sr P 358

- 1 -
Single axle trailer.

The invention relates to a single-axle trailer which is preferably intended to be attached to a car.

Such single-axle trailers are very common and are I.

in many cases for the transport of any material, i for example building materials such as bricks, paving stones, Cement sacks and the like used. Craftsmen in particular make extensive use of them Single-axle trailer to get the materials you need for repairs or other construction purposes To be able to transport job or construction site. However, a large number of such goods are already available today Palletized by the manufacturer and available from retailers in this form.

Since the usual single-axle trailers are not easily suitable for transporting such palletized goods,

There are a number of proposals to make such trailers useful for transporting palletized goods close. These known proposals usually relate to auxiliary devices that are on the single-axle trailers are attached, v? eich enable, either lower and / or tilt the loading floor of the trailer.

Such a tipping trailer, which consists of a frame, which in turn consists of a mobile one Chassis part with two wheels and a towing part with a coupling for connection to consists of a tow vehicle is known from DE-OS 32 02 423.

'From DE-PS 22 64 765 is a vehicle with a hydraulically actuated lifting and tilting device for taking up Vechsellasten known, with a substantially U-shaped, the load-bearing frame over scissor arms with a fork-shaped, Vehicle frame open to the rear connected by means of fixed joints and joint-like sliding guides 1st.

Furthermore, from DE-OS 29 34 6o6 a vehicle trailer with a movable dock leveler and fixed to the Vehicle frame connected lifting device known in which the loading bridge on vertically arranged pendulum arms depends on the lowering of the dock leveler

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lengthen and shorten when lifting *

A uniaxial trailer is also from DE-OS 32 23 159 For the transport of loaded pallets with a frame, sinsr hitching device, an outer frame classified floor plate and at least one extendable floor support known at the rear. With this well-known Arrangement, the frame is designed in its area located behind the wheel axle as a U open to the rear and in this area the base plate is divided into one or more sections and can be removed; on the Frame is then a lifting portal mounted pivotably about a horizontal transverse axis, which is a short way Has liftable and lowerable loading gear.

Finally, it should be noted that in multi-axle vehicles often auxiliary devices for the Recording and setting down of containers are provided and that also hooklifts and skip loaders are very much have proven themselves well.

The invention is also based on the object of providing a single-axle trailer, which is intended in particular for cars, to be trained in such a way that it can be used for depositing loaded pallets without impairing its usual forms of use and is also suitable for picking up such pallets and can also be tilted if necessary can. For reasons of space alone, it is desirable to solve the problem according to the invention in such a way that the

Do not hang any more or less complicated auxiliary devices must take up and wear, as suggested in part in the above-mentioned known trailers have been.

The single-axle trailer according to the invention is accordingly characterized in that its base unit consists of support arms, which run cantilevered towards the rear wall of the trailer to accommodate pallets as well as removable ones There are floor plates that can be used above the support arms and that this floor unit or just lift the support arms with the help of a drive in the same way as the arms of a forklift truck. and can be lowered.

The well-known Gcbelstapler served as a model for the design of a single-axle trailer according to the invention. which is used to a large extent for the transport of palletized Well used. The single-axle trailer according to the invention thus has a floor unit which both has fork-like support arms as well as normal base plates. The base plates are removable so that the floor unit now only needs to be lowered so that it can then be used in the same way as a usual fork lift] or.

According to a further development of the invention, the floor unit now has further fastening means, polygamy Optional insertion of the · 'end plates also below

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of the support arms in a plane running parallel to the support arm plane. This accommodation of the Floor plates are required when palletized goods are loaded on the single-axle trailer. After this Lifting the floor unit into the transport position of the trailer will be the previously removed floor panels in guides below the fork-shaped support arms pushed in so that they are available again at the place where the pallets are unloaded. At this place of unloading takes place first again lowering the floor unit to the ground, then unloading the pallets and Finally, after the floor unit has been raised again, the floor panels are inserted into their normal position. The single-axle trailer is then in turn used as a normal flatbed trailer for the transport of general goods usable.

Because of the loading and unloading of palletized goods, it is necessary that the lifting and lowering mechanism of the single-axle trailer according to the invention is designed such that the movement phase from the ground into the Transport position and vice versa runs approximately parallel and that it is when the transport position is exceeded turns into a tilting movement for the purpose of emptying the trailer to the rear.

In one embodiment of a single-axle trailer according to the invention, this is achieved in that two the Axle of the trailer wheels, on both sides of the ground

I unit running axle arms as well as the load on the trailer

: fixed ends of the drawbar in two twisting

I rigidly interconnected side beams of the floor

I unit can be rotated at a specified distance

I are encamped; the drawbar point to theirs

I ends on the bearing side each one over the bearing point

I reaching out, a sliding roller bearing control

I lever and the axle arms also one over hers

I lever with control cam extending beyond the bearing point

I put the casters on. The respectively cor-

The respective levers are now dimensioned and

f on the one hand with the piston rod on the other hand with the

I cylinder of a hydraulic system articulated in this way

I den that lie ", odeneinheit thanks to the guidance of the sliding

I roll the lever on the control curve with increasing of the

f pressure in the hydraulic cylinder from its floor position

\ its transport position is transferred to the tilt position.

I With this special construction it is

I provides that the phases of movement required above with

I run off using the lifting and lowering mechanism.

: It is now according to a development of the invention

ι a lock provided, which the lifting and

Lowering mechanism blocked in transport position.

This is absolutely necessary so that this mechanism does not come into operation during transport, which means Accidents can be caused.

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The locking elements are now expediently formed by a removable rear cross member, the can be snapped into the floor unit and preferably simultaneously performs the function of a bumper.

^{A lifting device 7} is now articulated on this rear cross member, which causes the wheel suspension to lock into place for the purpose of blocking the lifting and lowering mechanism.

The rear cross member used for locking, i.e. the one for loading the trailer with palletized Goods is removed, W3 is also appropriate stops or recesses that are locked in the Position of the cross member serve as a support for the cantilevered ends of the support arms. In order to a relief of these support arms is achieved during the transport of the palletized goods.

For the actuation of the lifting and lowering mechanism, it is advisable to use a hydraulic system, which is done by hand or driven by a motor. The hydraulic cylinders used in this hydraulic system are now like this connected in series with each of the suspension of the Radfederunj that they are used as a transport Damping act on the vehicle suspension. These additional shock absorbers are the driving characteristics of the single-axle trailer according to the invention ^ particularly good.

In the drawings, an embodiment of the inventive object is shown.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a single-axle trailer in a perspective view with partially removed rear carrier,

Fig. 2 shows a single-axle trailer in the lowered position when picking up or setting down a pallet,

3 shows a single-axle trailer in a tilted position,

4 shows the single-axle trailer in side view with the structural design of the lifting and lowering mechanism,

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the single-axle trailer shown in Fig. 4,

FIG. 6 again shows a side view corresponding to FIG. 4, but limited to the essential parts of the lifting and lowering mechanism,

7 and 8 show the same side view as in FIG. 6, but in FIG. 7 in the lowered position and in Fig. 8 in the tilted position.

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The single-axle trailer consists of a loading platform 1 * on which both the drawbar 18 and the wheels 19 are pivotably mounted and by a gear are connected to a lifting and lowering mechanism. The loading platform 1 is supported by a cross member 6, support arms 7, bearing plates 8 and side walls 9 firmly connected to this, furthermore from the base unit 2 removable base plates 10 and a pivotable or insertable carrier 11 is formed. Front and At the rear, the loading platform 1 is closed off by flaps 12. The drawbar 18 and the wheels 19 can be pivoted via the lifting and lowering mechanism 4 by means of hydraulic cylinders 14. The lock in the transport position takes place with the help of the latch 17 via the springs 20.

The base plates 10 run above the support arms 7 and are held in lateral guides. To pick up or set down pallets and heavier objects, the flaps 13 », the carriers 11 and the base plates 10 are first removed. I Thereafter, to the drive 15 the support arms 7 and hence the loading platform 1 moved to the desired position this loading position for receiving pallets 2 is shown in Fig.. When these pallets are loaded by reversing the trailer, the trailer is brought back into the transport position with the aid of the drive 15 and the cross member 11 is then placed on which the axle suspension 20 is now supported.

When this cross member is put on, the lowering is blocked at the same time, so that the lowering mechanism cannot be operated during transport. On the cross member 11, the support arms 7 are opposite Supports 32 welded on, so that the support arms 7, which are designed to be self-supporting, after the charge has been received can be supported on these supports 32. This improves the stability of the charge picked up.

If the trailer load is to be tipped, only the flap 13 is removed and the loading platform 1 raised by the drive 15 beyond the transport position. This position is shown in side view in FIG. 3 reproduced.

The principle of the lifting and lowering mechanism will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8. As can be seen from Fig. results are two axle brackets 22 which carry the axle of the trailer wheels 19 and run on both sides of the floor unit 2 intended. These axle brackets 22 and the ends of the drawbar 18 attached to the trailer are torsionally rigid in two ways mrfeianander connected side supports 9a of the floor unit 2 rotatably mounted at a predetermined distance. The bearings of these two parts are numbered 23 and 24 designated. The axle holder 22 as well as the drawbar 18 now iron over these bearing points 23 and 24 outgoing levers 27 and 25 aaf, which with the help of a at the end of the control lever 25 arranged slide roller 26 and a control cam 28 arranged on the lever 27 with each other come into engagement. The respective point of intervention

ment is determined by a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder 30 with a point of the lever 27 and

Never touch the piston rod 29 with a point on the drawbar is articulated. The control cam 28 on the

¥ i 51

Lever 27 consists of a slot and one attached to it

subsequent part of the curve *

As can be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 6, which should be the transport position, is the Roller 26 of the control lever 25 in this position at the entrance of the control slot ^ .Beim lowering the floor unit of the trailer by actuating the hydraulic cylinder, the roller 26 first slides into the SdöLitz almost to its end point and then returns back again, so that the position according to FIG. 7 then results. This is the lowered position of the trailer in which he can be loaded and unloaded.

From Fig. 7 it can also be seen at the same time that this lowering of the floor unit 2 is only possible when when the cross member 11 is removed. Since this cross member 11 at the same time as a support for the rear end the suspension 20 is used, the lifting and lowering mechanism can indeed only come into operation when this spring end is freely movable, as shown in FIG. 7 is. The structural design of the lifting and lowering mechanism that can be seen in FIG. 6 with the aid of the hydraulic pump it can be seen that the two-sided hydraulic cylinders 14 and 30 each with the one suspension

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the wheel suspension 20 are connected in series in such a way that they act as damping for the vehicle suspension during transport works.

If the trailer is to be pivoted from the transport position shown in FIG. 6 into the tilt position, then so the hydraulic drive must be operated in the opposite direction, whereby the sliding roller 26 of the Control lever 25 runs along the curve 28 of the lever 27 and thus causes the tilting process. In its This r.ippvorgang is shown in the end position in Fig. 8.

6, 7 and 8 should be noted that the drawbar 18 is shown cut off is, so that in these figures only the two ends can be seen.

In the case of the one described with reference to the exemplary embodiment Embodiment of the invention applies to the entire surface area of the trailer can be raised, lowered and tilted. But you could also train the construction so that only the cantilevered support arms are subjected to this sequence of movements.

So while in the embodiment the support arms are anchored on one side to the floor unit Cross member attached, z. B. are welded, the support arms in the aforementioned lers-like construction

tion can be moved up and down in a vertical link guide. This backdrop is on the top Position of the support arms angled, see that also in this case the support arms when the uppermost gate position subject to a tilting movement, so that the load can also be tipped can.

In this case, too, the trailer would naturally have to create the flatbed character Base plates can be designed to be removable in order to have space for the movement of the support arms.

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Claims (10)

- 1 Opinion: 1. Single-axle trailer, preferably for cars, with auxiliary device for its loading and unloading, characterized in that its base unit (2) consists of support arms (7), which run cantilevered towards the rear wall of the trailer to accommodate pallets and consist of removable base plates (10) which can be used above the support arms (7) and that this base unit (2) or only the support arms (7) with the aid of a drive (15) in the same way how the arms of a forklift can be raised and lowered. 2. Single-axle trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that its bottom unit (2) further Has guides which allow the base plates (10) to be optionally inserted underneath the support arms (7) in a plane running parallel to the plane of the support arm. 3. single-axle trailer according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that it has a lifting and lowering structure, similar to that of a forklift truck, which moves the floor unit (2) from the floor to the transport position and vice versa conveyed in an approximately parallel course and that it has a trigger that at Exceeding the transport position a tilting movement of the floor unit for the purpose of emptying the trailer causes rear. 4. single-axle trailer according to claim 1 to 3 »thereby ge ι c ■ ft indicates that it has a lock (17) which controls the lifting and lowering mechanism (4) blocked in the transport position. 5. Single- axle trailer according to claim Ί to 4, daduroh gekennzeichrö; that the locking elements are formed by a removable rear cross member (11), which preferably simultaneously performs the function of a bumper. 6. single-axle trailer according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that on the rear cross member (11) a lever (17) is articulated, which for the purpose of blocking the lifting and lowering mechanism a The wheel suspension (20) engages. 7. single-axle trailer according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the removable rear cross member (11) has stops or recesses, which in its locked position serve as a support for the cantilevered ends of the support arms (7). 8. Single-axle trailer according to claim 1 to 7 »characterized in that it is one by hand or by Motor-operated hydraulic system (14) is out, which drives the lifting and lowering mechanism. 9. single-axle trailer according to claim 1 to 8, characterized characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (14) for the lifting and lowering mechanisms are connected in series, each with the suspension of the suspension (20) for damping the vehicle suspension during transport. 10. Single-axle trailer according to claim 3, characterized in that two the axis of the trailer wheels (19) load-bearing axle brackets (22) running on both sides of the floor unit (2) and those attached to the trailer Ends of the drawbar (18) in two torsion-resistant interconnected side supports (9a) of the floor unit (2) are rotatably mounted at a predetermined distance that the drawbar (18) at their ends on the bearing side each have a sliding roller that extends beyond the bearing point (24) (26) carrying control lever (25) and the axle holder (22) also each one over their bearing point (23) have extending lever (27) with control cam (28) for the sliding rollers (26) and that the corresponding levers (25, 27) are dimensioned in such a way and on the one hand with the piston rod (29) on the other hand, a hydraulic system is articulated to the cylinder (30) in such a way that that the base unit (2) thanks to the guidance of the sliding rollers (26) on the control cams (28) of the levers (27) with an increase in the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (30) from its bottom position via its transport position into the Tilt position is transferred.