DE8524727U1 - Door closer - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Door closer, the closer shaft (2) of which carries a cam plate (6) which cooperates with a slide (10) guided on the closer shaft (2) (slot 20), the slide being connected to a damping piston through a connecting rod (12), there being between the damping piston and the slide a return spring (23) biased at one end on the damping piston and at the other on a door closer housing (1), characterised in that the slide (10) is additionally guided on the housing (1) (guide 24), the two slide guides (20, 21 and 24) of the slide being offset in the sliding direction (22).

Description

Gretsch-Unitas GmbH Building fittings

Johann-Maus-Strasse 3 7257 Ditzingen

Door closer

The invention relates to a door closer whose closer shaft carries a cam disk that interacts with a slide guided on the closer shaft, the slide being connected to a damping piston via a connecting rod and a return spring supported on the damping piston on the one hand and on a door closer housing on the other hand being located between the latter and the slide.

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An automatic door closer, which can be used in particular as a floor door closer, has become known, for example, from DE-OS 29 24 311. In addition to the damping piston, it naturally has a corresponding hydraulic system and is also filled with a hydraulic fluid. However, this is not important in connection with the present invention, which is why this part of the door closer is not described in detail. It can be designed in the same or a similar way to that in the DE-OS mentioned. The only important thing is that when the door connected to the closer shaft is turned, the cam disk, which is held non-rotatably on the closer shaft, moves the carriage in a direction perpendicular to the closer shaft. This displacement movement takes place against the resistance of the return spring and by taking along the piston, which can be moved in a corresponding cylinder attachment of the door closer. The hydraulic fluid is pressed from a cylinder chamber in front of the piston into one behind it. When the piston returns and the door returns to its closed position, the hydraulic fluid is returned in the opposite direction, but throttled accordingly.

In the previously known door closer, the carriage is guided on the closer shaft, i.e. the closer shaft passes through two guide slots of the carriage that are parallel to one another and extend in the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod. An additional

The sliding parts that are coupled together are supported by the damping piston. Since the return spring in this type of door closer concentrically surrounds the connecting rod - it is designed as a helical compression spring - the connecting rod between the slide and the damping piston does not only have to transmit tensile forces, but also bending forces. These are introduced via the cam disk.

In order to be able to absorb this combined force, the connecting rod must be sufficiently dimensioned, particularly across its longitudinal axis, i.e. in the direction of the cam disk plane, i.e. it must be very wide. As a result, the interior of the housing is largely filled by the connecting rod and the return spring in this area, so that there is no space for additional elements.

Another criticism of this door closer is that the force of the spring and thus the closing force of this door closer cannot be adjusted. Due to the limited space, however, it is not possible to install a device to change the closing force.

The object of the invention is therefore to develop a door closer of the ^type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the bending forces can be absorbed in a favorable manner and thus a weaker dimensioning of the connecting rod is possible.

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To solve this problem, the invention proposes that in a door closer of the type described in the preamble of claim 1, the slide is additionally guided on the housing. By arranging a second sliding guide for the slide, the forces introduced via the cam disk and originating from the return spring are now at least largely kept away from the connecting rod and instead are diverted directly via the sliding guides, primarily via the second sliding guide, to the housing. Due to the lower load on the connecting rod, which essentially only has to absorb tensile forces, the latter can be made much weaker and given a round cross-section, so that a usable space remains between the inner diameter of the return spring, which can also be used for other purposes.

In a further development of the invention, it is proposed that the additional guide consists of a guide rail, plate or similar on the housing and a guide shoe, carriage or similar on the slide. The reverse arrangement is also conceivable, i.e. the attachment of the guide rail or similar on the slide, which then works together with a fixed guide shoe on the housing. The length of the guide rail or similar depends on the length of the guide shoe on the one hand and the maximum displacement distance of the connecting rod and all parts connected to it in a displacement-proof manner.

A further embodiment of the invention is that the

Guide rail or similar is made of wear-resistant material and is removable, in particular plug-in, attached to the housing. The use of wear-resistant material ensures a long service life for the guide rail and its removable attachment ensures rapid replacement if necessary. Of course, the guide shoe or similar is also made wear-resistant. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is formed by the underside of the slide facing away from the free end of the closer shaft and two protruding lugs arranged on this at a distance equal to the width of the guide rail. In the position of use, the guide shoe or similar in the case of a floor door closer covers the guide rail or similar from above.

In a door closer with a carriage made up of two plates that accommodate the cam disk and one of the connecting rod ends between them, whereby the plates and the rod end are connected to one another by means of two rivets, a further development of the invention consists in that each rivet has an extension lug and the two extension lugs rest on the long edges of the guide rail or the like. In this respect, no additional elements or additional manufacturing effort are required to create this guide shoe. Of course, two screws with heads are equivalent to using two rivets, whereby the heads then form the extension lugs. This does not exclude the attachment of further rivets.

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A further variant of the invention is characterized in that the slide-side end of the return spring is supported on the housing via a support member in the area of the slide, whereby the support member consists of two adjustable and lockable parts connected to one another to change its effective length, seen in the longitudinal direction of the spring. If the effective length of the support member is increased, the spring tension increases. This adjustment option for changing the effective length is certainly the best solution. However, care should be taken to ensure that the adjustment can be carried out from the outside or after removing a cover. Due to the high force of the return spring, an adjustment option must be selected that does not require excessive force in the case of the manual adjustment normally provided.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the first support member section is visibly mounted on the connecting rod and supported on a housing transverse wall and has a tubular attachment provided with an external thread, and that the second support member section, on which the one spring element is supported, can be screwed to the threaded attachment. If one of these two is to be screwed together to adjust it,

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holding the two parts and turning the other, the result is a
Turning in one direction increases the effective length of the support member, while screwing or turning in the opposite direction shortens the effective length of the support member. Of course, the second support member section has an internal thread.

-_ A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is
{^\ characterized in that the first support member section is

Worm gear is designed and interacts with a worm mounted in the housing, whereby the worm rotation axis can be driven/rotated in particular by hand. The latter naturally means that the worm axis is made accessible accordingly. By means of a worm gear, a high
translation, so that the strong return spring can be tensioned easily with relatively little hand force. It is particularly advantageous that the free end of the
( Worm rotation axis is provided with a holder for a turning tool, for example a screwdriver slot or a hexagon socket. With the help of a screwdriver or
The adjustment can be made quickly and safely using the well-known Allen key.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the axis of rotation of the screw runs parallel to the closing shaft and its free end extends in the same direction as the free end connected to the door.

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bindable end of the closer shaft. In the case of a floor door closer, the axis of rotation of the worm extends from bottom to top, as is also the case with the ¹ closer shaft.

As already explained, when screwing one support member section against the other, one must be held in place in order to change the effective length. This is achieved in a particularly practical way by mounting the second support member section ( \) in the housing in a way that is fixed in rotation but can be moved parallel to itself. The first support member section is always pressed against a corresponding housing wall or similar by the force of the compression spring. If it is rotated with the help of the drive worm, this leads to the second support member section being moved away from this support surface or, in the opposite direction of rotation, to it being brought closer. In the first case, the spring is shortened and thus tensioned, while in the second case the spring force is reduced.

In another embodiment of the invention, the second support member section engages with a sliding block-like first projection in a housing groove extending parallel to the connecting rod. In a floor door closer, this housing groove is preferably located inside the housing floor and can be molded there. Another preferred variant of the invention is characterized by a second, radially protruding projection of the second support member section, which forms an indicator element and which

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is assigned to a viewing window. From the position of this second attachment on the window, the degree of spring preload can be seen from the outside or the adjustment can be made by observing the display attachment.

The second attachment of the second support member—part of the piece—extends in the same direction as the free end of the closer shaft. This makes this adjustment device for the spring tension particularly easy to observe. In the case of a housing cover, the viewing window is located on this; above the housing cover, in the case of a floor door closer, there is preferably a cover plate that covers all the adjustment elements.

Finally, it is particularly advantageous that the viewing window is provided with an adjustment scale or similar, which enables particularly precise adjustment and, in conjunction with an appropriate scale label, eliminates errors in adjustment. The viewing window is preferably made of acrylic glass or another suitable transparent or at least highly translucent plastic.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows an embodiment of the invention. Here:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view of a longitudinal section through a floor door closer along the line I-I of Fig. 2,

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Fig. 2 a section along the line &Idigr;&Idigr;-&Idigr;&Idigr; of Pig, I -also broken off-,

Fig. 3 is a section along line III-III of Fig. 2.

The example is a floor door closer whose housing 1 is inserted into a corresponding floor opening so that its closer shaft 2 extends from bottom to top. The cover 3 placed on the housing 1 is usually flush with the floor surface. For various reasons, but in particular to protect the door closer from damage during construction, the housing 1 is not set directly into the floor, but rather it is inserted into an external housing 4 mounted during construction of the shell. The free end of the closer shaft protruding outwards over the cover 3 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the door to be closed. If the latter is opened, this leads to a rotation of the closer shaft 2, for example in the direction of arrow 5.

A cam disk 6 is connected to the closer shaft 2 in a rotationally fixed manner. In the initial position, it is designed symmetrically to the longitudinal center axis 7 of the door closer, but this does not necessarily have to be the case. However, the symmetrical shape allows it to be used for doors that open to the left or right and for swing doors. The design of the cam flanks or the cam circumference is preferably selected so that the restoring force increases with increasing

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the rotation opening angle of the door increases up to a 90" position. Larger opening angles are relatively rare. However, if a larger opening of the door is possible or desired, the restoring force no longer changes significantly at an opening angle of more than 90°.

An exact "O-position" and easy fixation is ensured by the fact that the cam disk has a symmetrically arranged recess 8, into which a locking element 9 of a slide 10, designed as a rotating roller, engages when the door is closed.

The carriage 10 is firmly connected to one end 11 of a connecting rod 12, shown in the drawing. The other end |

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The rod 12 is connected in a known manner to a hydraulic piston \

which is slidably mounted in a hydraulic cylinder or a cylindrical bore of the housing 1.

The forked end 11 of the connecting rod 12 as shown in Fig. 2 engages between two plates 13 and 14 which essentially form the slide 10. The latter and the rod end 11 are held together by means of at least two connecting bolts 15 and 16 which, as will be explained below, have a special function due to their special shape. The roller 9 is held in place by means of a rivet or bolt 17. In a further

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Rivet or bolt 18 is used to attach a second rotating roller 19 between the plates 13 and 14 at the right end of the plates 13 and 14 in the drawing. It is held by the forked end
11 of the connecting rod 12. Between the rollers 9 and 19
The cam disk 6 is located, as can be clearly seen in Fig. 2.

The plates 13 and 14 are each provided with a slot 20 or 21 extending in the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod 12 and arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal center axis 7. The width of the slot corresponds to the diameter of the part 22 or 23 of the closing shaft 2 passing through this slot. These closing shaft parts and the slots 20, 21 form a first guide for the slide 10 in the direction of the double arrow 22, ie the direction of displacement of the slide, connecting rod 12 and damping piston. The slide is in its
right shift end length. This is achieved with the help of a
Return spring 23, the right spring end of which (not shown) is supported on the damping piston and which will be discussed in more detail below.

When the door is opened by rotation, i.e. when the cam disc 6 rotates, for example in the direction of arrow 5, a considerable bending force is applied to the connecting rod 12 in addition to the tensile force resulting from the force of the return spring 23*
In order to keep these away from the damping piston, an additional guide 24 is provided according to the present invention. It

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consists of a guide rail 25 or a small guide plate and a guide shoe 27 which, in the position of use, spans it from above, i.e. in the direction of arrow 26. This in turn is formed by the underside 28 of the carriage 10 or the lower plate 14 and two projections 29 and 30 protruding from the underside. These are advantageously the thickened ends of the two connecting bolts 15 and 16. The lateral distance between the two projections 29 and 30 corresponds to the width of the guide rail 25, measured transversely to the direction of movement 22. At least the centers of the two guides are offset from one another in the direction of displacement.

Because the forces - as mentioned - are relatively high, the guide rail 25 is made of a particularly wear-resistant material. This is also the reason why it is not molded onto the base 31 of the housing 1, but is manufactured separately and held in place with the help of two bolts 32 and 33 held in the base 31, which engage in corresponding holes in the guide rail 25. This also enables replacement later in the event of wear. Fig. 3 shows that the height of the lugs 29 and 30 corresponds approximately to the thickness of the guide rail 25 and that the lugs only rest with the necessary play on the longitudinal edges 34 and 35 of the guide rail 25, along which they are moved when the door is opened or closed.

The slide-side end 36 of the return spring 23 is connected via a support member 37 in the area of the slide 10 to the housing 1, more precisely

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said on a housing transverse wall 38, which according to Fig. has an upwardly open vertical slot for the passage of the

' connecting rod 12. The effective length of the support member 37 can be changed in the longitudinal direction of the pedal, i.e. in the direction of the longitudinal center axis 7, in that it consists of two parts and 40, which can be adjusted and locked relative to one another in the direction 22 mentioned.

The first support member section 39 is rotatably mounted on the associated end of the connecting rod 12. In addition, it is supported directly on a correspondingly machined surface 41 of the housing cross wall 38. It has a tubular extension 42 and is provided with an external thread 43. It is also designed as a worm wheel. The second section 40 of the support member 37 has an internal thread 44 so that it can be screwed onto the first section. It is non-rotatable, but can be moved in the direction of the double arrow 22.

Housing 1 is mounted. The rotation of the second part 40 is prevented by a radially protruding first projection 45, which engages in a housing groove 46 on the housing base 31, which extends parallel to the connecting rod 12. Thus, rotation of the first part 39 of the support member 37 causes a displacement of the second part 40, for example in the direction of the arrow 47, while an opposite rotation of the first part 39

a reverse displacement of the second section. In the latter case, the effective length of the support member

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37 is shortened, while in the stiffened case, i.e. when the second section 40 is displaced in the direction of arrow 47, the effective length is increased and the spring tension of the return spring 23 is thereby increased.

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39 of the support member 37 is reached via a worm 48 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 1 and runs parallel to the closer shaft 2 and whose free end points in the same direction as the free end of the closer shaft 2 which protrudes above the cover 3 as shown in Fig. 1. The worm can therefore be rotated very easily from the top of the door closer. For this purpose, there is a corresponding holder for a turning tool on its free end of the rotation axis, for example a slot or hexagon socket for inserting a screwdriver or hexagon key.

The second support member section 40 is provided with a second, radially protruding projection 50, which is associated with a viewing window 51. The latter is located on the top of the housing or in the cover 3. This allows the tension of the return spring 23 to be conveniently adjusted from above and simultaneously monitored or precisely determined. The latter is particularly possible if the viewing window is provided with a corresponding scale.

The locking shaft 2 is supported by two ball bearings 52

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and 53. Sealing to the outside is provided by an O-ring 54 ₄ Since this is a hydraulic door closer, the housing is filled with hydraulic fluid and there are corresponding valves in the area of the piston and its cylinder, whereby the design in this area can be of a known type; for this reason it is not explained in more detail here _s

Claims (15)

15 988 &Bgr;/&eegr; claims 1. Door closer, the closer shaft (2) of which carries a cam disk (6) which interacts with a carriage (10) guided on the closer shaft (2), the carriage being connected to a damping piston via a connecting rod (12) and a return spring (23) supported on the damping piston on the one hand and on a door closer housing (λ) on the other hand being located between the latter and the carriage, characterized in that the carriage (10) is additionally guided on the housing (1), the two sliding guides (22, 20; 23, 21 and 24) of the carriage being arranged offset in the sliding direction (22). 2. Door closer according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional guide (24) consists of a guide bar (25), - ,-» plate or similar on the housing (1) and a guide shoe (27), carriage or similar on the slide (10). 3. Door closer according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide bar (25) or the like is made of wear-resistant material and is attached to the housing (1) in a removable, in particular pluggable manner. ' 4. Door closer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in i * ··*· ·· I »lit Il III &bull; * · · * · ItI &bull; * · 4 t «It I « I - 2 - net that the guide shoe (27) or the like is formed by the underside of the slide (28) facing away from the free end of the slide shaft and two protruding projections (29, 30) arranged on this at a distance equal to the width of the guide rail. 5. Door closer according to claim 4^ with a slide (10) formed from two plates (13, 14) which accommodate the cam disk (6) and one of the connecting rod ends between them, whereby the plates and the rod end (11) are connected to one another by means of two rivets (15, 16), characterized in that each rivet (15, 16) has an extension lug (29, 30) and the two extension lugs rest on the longitudinal edges (34, 35) of the guide bar (25) or the like. 6. Door closer according to at least one of the preceding claims , characterized in that the slide-side end (36) of the return spring (23) is supported on the housing (1) via a support member (37) in the region of the slide (10), wherein the support member (37) consists of two adjustable and lockable interconnected sections (39, ⁴⁰ ) for changing its effective length in the longitudinal direction of the spring. 7. Door closer according to claim 6, characterized in that the first support member section (39) is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod (12) and is supported on a housing transverse wall (38) and has a tubular, externally threaded (43) _{β ϕ «} �ps * m *
«»&Igr; ··· has a threaded projection (42) and that the second support member section (40), on which one spring end is supported, can be screwed to the threaded projection (41). 8. Door closer according to claim 7, characterized in that the first support member section (39) is designed as a worm wheel and interacts with a worm (48) mounted in the housing, wherein the worm rotation axis (49) can be driven. 9. Door closer according to claim 8, characterized in that the free end of the worm rotation axis (49) is provided with a receptacle for a turning tool. 10. Door closer according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the axis of rotation (49) of the worm (48) runs parallel to the closer shaft (2) and its free end extends in the same direction as the free end of the closer shaft (2) that can be connected to the door. 11. Door closer according to at least one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the second support member section (40) is mounted in the housing (1) in a rotationally fixed but parallel displaceable manner. 12. Door closer according to claim 11, characterized in that the second support member portion (40) is provided with a sliding block-like &bull;«&igr;&diams;»
*·· &Lgr; · —4— first projection (45) engages in a housing groove (46) extending parallel to the connecting rod (&Idigr;2) . 13. Door closer according to claim 12, characterized by a second, radially projecting projection (50) of the second support member section (40) forming an indicator member, which is associated with a viewing window (51). \. 14. Door closer according to claim 13, characterized in that the second projection (50) of the second support member portion (40) extends in the same direction as the free end of the closer shaft (2). 15. Door closer according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the viewing window (51) is provided with an adjustment scale or the like.