DE7334183U - Elastic storage - Google Patents

Description

Dr. F. Zumsteln sen. · Dr. E. Assmann Dr. R. Koenigsberger - Dlpl.-Phys. R. Holzbaüer - Dr. F. Zumsteln Jun.

PATENT LAWYERS

TELEPHONE: COLLECTING NO. 230341

TELEX 039979

TELEGRAMS: ZUMPAT CHECK ACCOUNT: MÖNCHEN 91139

BANK ACCOUNT: H.AUFHAUSER BANK

8 MUNICH 2,

BRAUHAUSSTRASSE 4 / III

DUNLOP LIMITED, London, England

Elastic storage

The invention relates to resilient mountings and, more particularly, to resilient lynxes.

The invention is particularly applicable to elastic growths for supporting the center bearing of a split drive shaft of a motor vehicle. Usual, used for this application Resilient bushings usually include inner and outer tubular members and an elastomeric disposed therebetween Element that through this one compression and expansion underlying, elastic element a mutual radial movement is provided between the lynxes. The rifle

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can thereby dampen vibrations of the drive shaft and the transmission of the vibrations to the body of the motor vehicle weaken.

It is an aim of the present application to provide an improved, resilient mounting.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a resilient mount includes an outer, rigid member having a opening arranged in an inner, rigid member, a deformable opening extending between the inner and outer member, first, annular element and a second, annular element arranged between the inner and outer members, wherein the first, annular element is made of a material with a different from the material of the second, annular element Elasticity is established.

There is preferably a second, annular member attached to only one of the inner and outer rigid members, the leaves a gap between itself and the others, the arrangement of the links and the elements being such that the second, annular element is subject to deformation in the event of a mutual radial movement between the inner one and the outer, rigid member with only one movement exceeding a predetermined amount of this radial movement.

Where the second, annular element is made of an elastomeric material is made, it can optionally be arranged to extend between the inner and outer rigid members and leaves no gap. In this arrangement, the second, annular element is made from a foam.

The first, annular element is preferably arranged so that a mutual radial movement between the inner and outer rigid member is caused by shear and bending of the material of this element. The first, annular element is

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preferably on either or both of the inner and outer, rigid limbs glued.

The first, ring-shaped element can essentially have a V-shape Axial section has an and is preferably arranged between the rigid links in such a way that the two parts of the Longitudinal section extend substantially parallel to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the annular element. At least one of the two parts can be in contact with a rigid member only over the surface of the arm part, that of a vertex area is considerably removed at the junction of the two arm parts. The deformable, first, annular element is preferably made of an elastomeric material. The second, annular element is preferably in the form of an annular buffer between the arm portions of the first, annular Elements, and zv / ar concentric to this and attached to one of the two arm parts that opposite surfaces the inner and outer arm parts are prevented during a mutual radial movement zv / ischen the inner and the outer rigid limb to be pressed into full contact. The buffer ring can be adhesively connected to one of the arm parts or attached thereto by other means, such as a friction fit or adhesives.

While the buffer ring is attached to one of the rigid links it can also be formed independently of the elastomeric, first, annular element.

According to a further aspect of the present invention is the deformable, first, annular element is designed so that the longitudinal axes of the inner and outer members are offset, when the first element is in an unloaded state.

When a static load is placed on the internal rigid member due to the weight of a component, e.g. one of the internal

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Member carried, split drive shaft, the amount of displacement is selected so that the inner link has the desired, resulting position, either coaxial or offset opposite the other link. As described, the invention also includes a shaft arrangement with an elastic bearing.

The buffer ring can be attached to the radially inner surface of the outer arm portion of the elastomeric first annular member but is preferably attached to the radially outer surface of the inner sleeve portion. The buffer ring can made of a material such as nylon, a foam such as polyurethane foam or of rubber reinforced with steel, for example and can be adhered to the elastomeric first annular member

or with an interference fit, as in the case where it is attached to the outer surface of the inner arm portion is.

In constructions where the first, ring-shaped element is not is shaped so that the longitudinal axes of the inner and outer members are offset when the first, annular member is in the unloaded state State is, the buffer ring can in particular, but not exclusively, be designed so that its Thickness around the circumference of the ring changes so that only when the weight of a shaft or other component of the elastic sleeve is worn, the opposite of one of the rigid links surface of the buffer ring in uniform Distance is arranged opposite one of the rigid members. The invention also provides a Uellenaordnung with a sleeve, which, as described, has a buffer ring and is arranged in such a way that under normal load conditions it is rigid Member opposite surface of the buffer ring is arranged substantially evenly spaced from this rigid member is.

In constructions in which the second, annular element is rigid between the first, rigid member and the second

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Member extends and is made of elastic material, this element can be cold glued to the inner and / or outer link or can e.g. shaped to a metal ring and with one. of the rigid members are connected with a press fit. In addition, v / o the elastomeric material is a display fabric, the second element formed so that it is lei arrangement between the rigid members in the circumferential direction around a dor rigid limbs are stretched, and can also be arranged in such a way that that he stiff in the radial direction between d:; n both Limbs is compressed. The extent of the foam exerted compression and elongation lei arrangement between The rigid links can be chosen so that for the final Bushing and cell arrangement the desired anti-pollutant characteristics has been provided.

The inner, rigid member can be essentially massive and such be arranged that it is attached to a: -, supporting ocier carried component can be attached, and is, however, in the event that the storage-ung as an elastic sleeve about zurr; Carrying the center bearing a split drive shaft is used, vorzuejs- ' wise tubular.

The inner and outer members can extend over the entire, axial length of the first, ringföririicren r.lenents. Of the The apex area and the surface of at least one of the arm parts of the element in the vicinity of the leg area can be shaped in this way be that a substantial amount of mutual radial movement gur.g between the rigid limbs is effected by shear and bending of the arni parts of the element before there is an immediate one Compression is exposed. The apex region may optionally be behind an outer end of at least one of the rigid Links can be arranged so that the element is free again to mutual radial movement through ochub and bending of the arm part of the element.

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In operation, an elastic mounting of the one described above and with a second / annular member in the form of a buffer ring provided type as well as when used for e.g. a center bearing arrangement To support a divided drive shaft, the superior, radial forces due to a slight imbalance counter to the wave by the deformation of the first, annular element. In the event of extraordinary however, it is subject to high / radial loads, v / which occur when the drive shaft circling or buckling The buffer ring forces compressive forces between the inner and outer members and creates adequate resistance against the radial Powers.

However, due to the circumferential differences between the surfaces the buffer ring and the surface it touches when subjected to a circular or buckling motion, the inner and the outer, rigid member are forced against each other to rotate or slide. The resulting torsional loads, <which the first, annular element is subjected to resisting such rotation the life of the elastomeric, first, annular element is detrimental. ,

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved, to create elastic storage in which the problem mentioned is v / es considerably alleviated.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a low friction surface is provided on at least one of the surfaces of the buffer ring and eii? ^s rigid members are provided which contact each other when the buffer ring is subjected to deformation with mutual radial movement between the inner and outer members.

Either the buffer ring or a rigid link in the

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essentially made entirely of a low-friction material or it can be a low friction surface through a surface coating or layer Material with low friction should be provided. · Which are applied to the buffer ring or a rigid member. Optional Both contact surfaces can be made of a material with low friction. The buffer ring can be arranged be that he can touch an elastic layer, the component of the rigid member is. In this arrangement, a low-friction surface, for example, on the elastic part of the rigid member are applied. A coating or low friction layer can be created by spraying or pouring one Low friction materials such as nylon or polyurethane. In particular, the surface can have low friction are produced by a sprayed-on coating made of polytetrafluoroethylene contained in a polymer material, which creates a fluorocarbon rich surface.

Alternatively, a low friction surface can be provided by incorporating a liquid material in the material of one of the mating surfaces, such as castor oil, which gradually migrates to the mating surfaces and remains there to act as a lubricant.

The area with low friction should be a smaller one if possible Have a coefficient of friction than 0.50, preferably less than 0.30.

According to a further aspect of the present invention are in an elastic mounting of the type described above and with a second, annular element ir-Forn. a buffer ring air. Circumferentially distributed in front of cracks formed on at least one of the surfaces that touch each other if the second, annular Element of deformation under mutual radial movement between the inner and outer rigid members is subject.

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The buffer ring is preferably formed in one piece with the projections distributed around the circumference and in particular there, v / o the buffer ring is made of elastomeric material, these projections can be made in one piece from elastomeric material v / earth.

However, the projections may optionally be on one of the rigid members or on a portion of the elastomeric first annular Element are formed which extends substantially axially between the buffer ring and a rigid member.

The projections are preferably deformable and with a Provided a profile that allows them an adequate bending in a circumferential orientation when they are subjected to rotational loads resulting from mutual rotation of the inner and outer rigid member during circling or buckling in such a way that the effective extent of the projections provided area is equal to the circumference of the touched area.

Where the projections are arranged so that they extend radially outwards and a ^radially: to touch external surface, the tips thus take the projections at a distance from, if they touch the outer surface, so as to the actual circumference of the inner surface and allow the projections on the outer surface to actually "walk".

In optional arrangements in which the projections are so arranged are that they extend radially inward and contact a radially inner surface while circling, take the tips of the projections are spaced as they contact the inner surface, so that they are the actual circumference of the outer contact surface and allow an actual "walking" of the protrusions on the inner surface. If desired, the protrusions can be provided with a low friction surface.

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The projections can optionally be made of a substantially non-deformable material and attached to a ¹ . Lower part made of deformable material can be attached, which allows a mutual movement of the projections and allows the tips flor Before jumps to walk on the touched surface in the manner described above.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the second, annular member is in an annular chamber disposed between the first, annular member and one between the inner and outer, rigid members extending annular membrane is formed.

The annular chamber is. preferably filled with a lubricant to reduce the friction between the contact surfaces of the second Element and a rigid limb during the circling or buckling movement.

The membrane can be formed independently of the first and second annular elements or can be formed integrally with one or both of these elements. The membrane can be made of a highly elastic material so that it provides a slight increase in the radius ^{1 of} the fold of the membrane during mutual radial movement between the inner and the; the outer rigid member, compared ir.it the radius of the fold of a low elastic rubber, whereby while spinning or buckling aar bending and heat generation are reduced.

The annular chamber can be substantially entirely with the lubricating Fluid are filled. The fluid itself can see some resistance to mutual radial movement between the inner and outer rigid members. Optionally, only a small proportion of the volume of the annular chamber can be filled with anti-inflammatory agent. Especially in this one In case the scliming fluid may be jelly or. To be fat.

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The lubricant can be a liquid such as molybdenum disulf id or a spreadable graphite powder to increase the lubricating properties of the fluid.

Wherever lubricant is provided and the second, annular element is in the form of a buffer ring, one of the Surfaces in contact during circling or buckling must be provided with warts or otherwise roughened in order to maintain the condition a film of lubricant between the surfaces to support contact, thereby reducing the tendency to collapse of the lubricating film is reduced, which would otherwise be between two smooth Contact surfaces could occur.

The Karzen can be formed by the projections described above or they can. The tips of the projections are provided with warts or otherwise roughened.

While the second, annular member or buffer ring has been referred to as being annular, it should be understood that this is indicates the actual shape of the element or the ring in functional terms in an elastic mounting. In the Can practice the annular element; or the ring can be formed from a plurality of segments which surround at least one essential part of the circumference of the storage are arranged between the inner and the outer, rigid member.

Similarly, when the projections are mated with one of the rigid members, they need not encompass the entire one But only to a substantial part of it.

The invention also contemplates a bearing arrangement with one as above described trained elastic bearing, which can be combined with a bearing that is in a tubular, inner, rigid member of the elastic mounting is arranged.

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Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig .- '1 is a half-sectioned side view of a ball bearing arrangement together with an elastic sleeve according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the storage and book shown in Fig. 1 = sensor arrangement;

3 side views of four different forms of jumps, which may be formed on an annular buffer ring; '

4 shows a longitudinal section through the axis of the buffer ring various profiles with which the projections can be formed;

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5 shows a partial section of a further, elastic sleeve according to the present invention.

An elastic bushing for storing the center bearing of a split The vehicle drive shaft on the vehicle body contains an outer, rigid metal support tube 10, a first annular element 11 made of rubber and an inner, rigid metal tube 12 which is partially embedded in a radially inner part 13 of the rubber element.

The rubber element 11 has a substantially V-shaped axial section and is arranged opposite the inner and outer tubes so that that the two arm parts 13, 14 extend essentially in the longitudinal direction.

The radially outer Arir.teil 14 is on the greater part of his radially outer surface adhering to the radially inner surface of the

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outer metal support tube 10 connected, while the apex area

15 at the junction of the arm sections 13, 14 and a part

16 of the outer arm section next to the apex area outside of one end 17 of the outer support tube are arranged.

The inner metal tube 12 is in the radially inner arm section 13 partially embedded, one end 18 of the tube extending from this arm portion past the apex region 15 and is arranged at a distance from this.

An annular buffer ring from with an annular, not shown Steel band reinforced rubber and of uniform cross section extends around the inner arm portion 13 of the elastomeric element and is applied thereon with a press fit. The elastomeric element is shaped as described below so that under normal, static loading of the liner a uniform Clearance between the radially outer surface 20 of the buffer ring and the radially inner surface 21 of the outer arm section 14 of the elastomeric element around the entire circumference. The composition of the material of the buffer ring 19 is selected so that the desired radial stiffness is provided when the pressure is compressed in the radial direction.

A ball bearing ring 22 for the middle bearing of a drive shaft is arranged in the inner Iletallrohr 12 and is in its position by press fit against part 23 of the radially inner Arruteils dos Guinmieleir.ents, which lies in the inner Iletall tube.

Two support arms 24, see FIG. 2, are attached to the outer metal tube 10 and allow the elastic holes to be easily attached to the vehicle body.

During the manufacture of the bushing, the rubber element 11 is opposed to the longitudinal axis of the inner, annular portion 13 offset from the longitudinal axis of the outer, annular portion 14 - \ shaped. This offset is so great that, as mentioned above, the

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both axes under normal, static load on the rifle due to the weight of the center bearing and the not shown drive shaft are coaxial, this size being borne by both Weight as well as on the radial stiffness of the rubber element depends.

In operation of the sleeve, the center bearing 22 of the drive shaft is normally located centrally in the sleeve, as before Section described. It exists », hence a steady one Distance between the buffer 19 and the inner surface 21 of the outer arm portion of the rubber element. During the rotation The drive shaft will respond to the normal, radial forces provided by the thrust and bending of the Guoielenients The magnitude of this reaction is essentially independent of the radial direction because, due to the offset construction of the Rubber elements under normal static load an even There is play between the buffer ring and the rubber element .

However, when exceptionally high radial loads are exerted on the center bearing, the buffer ring 19 comes into contact with the rubber element, which reduces the radial spring rate of the Bush is enlarged and also the amount of radial movement of the drive shaft is controlled. The radial stiffness of the rubber element and the play between the buffer ring and the element determine the radial force under which they touch, and can be arranged so that contact occurs at a desired radial force.

Lei of a second, not shown embodiment of the invention is a resilient lizard essentially as described with respect to the previous embodiment of the invention formed, with the exception that an annular steel band with the buffer ring 19 opposite part of the surface of the outer arm part 14 is adhesively connected or pressed onto this part. The steel band is sufficiently thin to

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provide that a ring-shaped game zv / isclien the tape and the There is a buffer ring. The provision of the band ensures that the material of the outer arm section 14 is resistant to fretting and scuffing Keiben is protected from what else during the circular motion of the buffer ring against the outer arm portion would occur.

The tape can optionally be of any other abrasion resistant material Material e.g. made of Hylon.

In a third embodiment of the invention, is an elastic Bushing constructed essentially as described with regard to the first embodiment of the invention, with the exception that the buffer ring is provided with a plurality of projections in the form of lugs distributed around the circumference. The noses can be formed with undercuts as shown in Fig. 3a be or can be, as shown in Fig. 3b. Dovetail shape to provide good flexibility in a circumferential direction. Optionally, the projections, as in 3c, have a uniform width or, as shown in FIG. 3d, have a decreasing width in front of the base region. The buffer ring may, as shown, be provided with one or more layers 30 of steel reinforcement. Optionally, others can Reinforcement materials are used.

The cross-sectional shape of the projections of Figs. 3a to 3d in one through the longitudinal axis of the bushing plane can be designed according to FIG. 4 or any other suitable profile to have.

In a, shown in Fig. 5, fourth embodiment of the invention is an elastic sleeve essentially as described with respect to the first embodiment of the invention formed, with the exception that a membrane 40 between the inner, rigid member 41 and an outer, rigid member 42 extends, whereby an annular chamber 43 is formed w ^ Lrd, which may contain lubricating fluid. The membrane 40

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is made of a high resilience rubber to provide a slight increase in the radius ^{1 of} the fold of the membrane during mutual radial movement between the inner and outer members compared to the radius of the fold of a low resilience rubber, and is formed integrally with the buffer ring 44. The radially outer part of the diaphragm 40 is adhesively connected to a lip part 45 of the outer, rigid member 42.

In an optional construction, the buffer ring can be made of foam be.

In a fifth embodiment of the invention there is a central bearing again built essentially as described with regard to the first embodiment of the invention, with with the exception that the buffer ring is replaced by an annular element made of foam, which is located between the arm parts of the elastomeric, first, annular element extends so that therebetween jCöxii gap, f LclycläSscn v.'iifu.

During normal operation, the forces in a radial direction are counteracted essentially only by the first, annular element with very little resistance from the pre-tensioned foam, while in the event of a circling or buckling the foam is further compressed thereby providing a substantial increase in radial stiffness.

In addition, a special feature of the use of a, second, annular element between two rigid members that during the circling or buckling movement essentially no sliding movement between the suffering surfaces as in arrangements with a buffer ring vorhancei. is. So it is no need to provide low friction surfaces or any other means to reduce wear on the contact surfaces .

The use of a resilient sleeve according to the present invention helps that under normal working conditions the

Noise and vibrations of a vehicle drive shaft in a reasonable manner Way to be isolated from the vehicle body. In addition, the second, annular element reduces under high radial loads, such as those caused by storage during operation at low speed and high torque can / a radial movement associated with the circling of the drive shaft, while still to a considerable extent noise and vibration isolation is provided.

In addition to providing uniform radial play and substantially uniform radial stiffness, the Use of an elastomeric element which is placed in an unloaded state has the advantage of reducing stress concentrations in the liner during normal operation.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Elastic mounting, characterized by an outer, rigid member with one arranged in an inner, rigid member opening through a deformable first annular element extending between the inner and outer members and by a second, annular member disposed between the inner and outer members, the first, annular element made of a material with an elasticity that differs from the material of the second, annular element is made. 2. Storage according to claim .1, characterized in that the material of the deformable, first, annular element is arranged so that it takes up the mutual radial movement by thrust and bending. 3. Storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the deformable, first, annular element essentially has a V-shaped axial section font. 4. Storage according to claim 3, characterized in that the first, annular member is arranged between the rigid members so that awei arm portions of the axial section shape extend substantially parallel to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the annular element. 5. Storage according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one of the two arm sections in contact with a rigid member over only the face of the arm section in i. 2-touch which is considerably removed from the apex area at the junction of the two arm sections is. 7334183 17.1177 6. Storage according to claim 5, characterized in that the apex area outside the outer end '-at least one of the two rigid members is arranged. 7. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the deformable, first, annular element is made of elastomeric material. 8. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deformable, second, annular Element includes an annular buffer ring that is attached to only one of the rigid members. 9. Storage according to claim 8, characterized in that the buffer ring vot independently! deformable, first, annular element. 10. Storage according to claim 8, characterized in that the buffer ring at an Arr.iabschnitt the deformable, first, annular element is attached. 11. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the verforir.baren, second, ring-shaped Element is made of nylon. 12. Storage according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the formable, zv / oite, ring-shaped element is made of an elastomeric Ti material. 13. Storage nacii claim 12, characterized in that the deformable, wide, ring-shaped flenont made of a foam is made. 14. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the deformable zv / eite, annular> Element is reinforced. 7334183 11/17/77 15. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the longitudinal axis of the inner, rigid member is offset from that of the outer, rigid member, when the deformable, first, annular member is in an unstressed condition. indicates that the thickness of the buffer ring changes around the circumference of the ring. 17. Storage according to one of claims 8 to 16, characterized in that that at least one of the surfaces of the buffer ring and the rigid member which are in contact with one another is v / enn the second, annular element under a mutual radial movement between.dem inner and outer, rigid Member is subject to deformation, has a low friction surface. IS. Storage according to one of Claims 8 to 17, characterized in that that on the circumference distributed projections from deformable ·. I-iaieriai are formed on at least one of the surfaces, which touch each other when the buffer ring under a mutual radial movement between the inner and the outer, rigid member is subject to deformation. 19. Storage according to claim 18, characterized in that the buffer ring is integral with projections distributed around the circumference is trained. 20. Storage according to claim 18, characterized in that the projections are formed on one of the rigid members. 21. Storage according to one of claims 8 to 20, characterized in that that the surface contacted by the buffer ring when exercising a mutual radial movement between the inner and the outer, rigid member has a band of abrasion-resistant material. 7334183 17.1177 -lO- ll. Bearing according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second, annular element extends between the first and the second rigid member. 23. Storage according to claim 21, characterized in that the second, annular element is made of foam. 24. Storage according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that that the material of the second, annular element is prestressed. 25. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second, annular element in one annular chamber is arranged, which is formed between the first, annular element and an annular membrane extending between the inner and outer rigid members. 2G. Bearing according to Claim 25, characterized in that the annular chamber is filled with a lubricant. 27. Storage according to claim 25 or 26 / characterized in, that the membrane is formed independently of the first and second, annular element. 28. Storage according to one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that that the membrane is formed integrally with at least one of the first and second annular members. 29. Storage according to one of claims 25 to 28, characterized in that that the second, annular element has the shape of a buffer ring, and that at least one of the surfaces, that touch each other, v / hen the buffer ring under a mutual Radial movement between the inner and outer rigid members is subject to deformation, with warts provided or otherwise roughened. 7334183 17.1177 30. Storage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second, annular element is a Having a plurality of individual segments, which by at least a substantial part of the circumference of the storage between the inner and the outer, rigid member are arranged. V334183 17.1177