DE720813C - Process for the mercerization of mixed webs or mixed fabrics made of cotton and ply cellulose - Google Patents

Description

`` 'Learn about mercensing mixed webs or mixed fabrics - Made of cotton and reprecipitated cellulose The usual mercerization process for pure cotton and also the occasional for mixed fabrics or mixed webs made of cotton and ' Reprecipitated gelulose has proposed mercerization processes for mercerization of the goods according to the currently valid admixture regulations are not considered satisfactory proven. These processes cause high losses in strength and weight and do not result in sufficient mercerization of the cotton content of the fiber materials, as a result of which Insufficient gloss and uneven dyeability of the mixed webs or mixed fabrics be conditioned.

It has now been found that a number of Individual measures required for the mercerization of rayon from cellulose for itself alone or in a mixture with natural cellulose fibers have already been proposed. are, succeeds in the mercerization of mixed webs or mixed fabrics made of cotton and reprecipitated cellulose in a completely satisfactory manner without the disadvantages mentioned to carry out older procedures. The advantages achieved over known processes are especially in the improved tear resistance, elongation and evenness the mercerized goods according to the invention. Further the advantage is achieved that the goods obtained in this way, even with subsequent bleaching - unusually small Experience loss of strength and weight.

The rules to be observed are the following. The caustic concentration must be at least 25 ° Be, preferably 28 to 30 ° Be.

2. The liquor must have an addition of alum or potassium rhodanide or others de-swelling salts, such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate, Sodium acetate, sodium borate or sodium silicate, the amount of which depends on the strength of the yarn or the content of reprecipitated cellulose in the goods and for alum, for example, between 25 g per liter and the saturation limit.

3. The temperature of the lye must be 20 to 0 ° C, preferably 25 to 30 ° C, be.

q .. The stretching must depend on the yarn thickness and content of the yarn reprecipitated cellulose between 0 and 2 cm.

5. Rinsing takes place at temperatures between 4o and 70 ° C.

The following can also be used to support the desired effect Measures serve b. The squeezing of the goods during the lye treatment appropriately takes place more or less strongly depending on their composition and strength. When using very fine yarn, it is recommended that you only squeeze it through to effect the dead weight of the squeegee roller.

j. After the hot rinsing, the goods are only put in again warm water is inserted before adding about 2 to 5 cc of concentrated hydrochloric acid per liter is acidified cold or warm. The warm acidification has the advantage that it works more thoroughly and removes the still adhering lye faster is going. Only after acidification can the mercerized thread be as long as you like Exposed to cold water. Certain mixed threads, the one show weak rotation or which have not been gassed and moule character can also felt on the machine during the work described. These The appearance is not related to a sticking of the rayon as a result of dissolution, but is only due to the fact that the protruding from the mixed web Cell wool hairs with each other as a result of the crimping by the lye intertwine so that the threads. stick together. Recommended in such cases it is important not just to put the yarn in warm water after it has been removed from the machine to be used alone, but also a small amount of Turkish red oil, highly sulfonated Add castor oil or a similar foaming compound. The thread opens then so far again that it can be safely acidified and not at all shows matted areas more.

B. It is advisable to go into the mercerising bath with the dry goods, to which a wetting agent has been added. Is it a deconciliation? Goods are either dried again before being mercerized, or they are reduced the addition of wetting agents to the lye, if you enter the lye with the wet goods.

Only through the interaction of the first five measures one obtains a full mercerization of the cotton as well as a complete adjustment of the dyeability between the different types of fiber, and at the same time one avoids substantial strength and d Loss of substance in the rayon. The conditions are also essential for success the mercerization the content of the mixed web or mixed fabric of reprecipitated Cellulose (viscose wool) to adapt, otherwise the effect is impaired.

The following compilations show the most advantageous mercerizing bath additives and stresses for the various compositions of the goods. Tabe`Ile i Mixing ratio of strength of the Cotton and rayon alum quantity g per I mercerising liquor **) Temperature in `` C 100 to 9o 0/0 cotton 25 3o to 30.5 ' B6 20 90 - 800/0 - 30 30.5 ' B6 25 8o - 6501, - 40 3o, 8 ° Be 25 65 - 50% - 50 31 'B6 25 50 - 40% - 5o to 6o 31 to 31.5 'B6 25 40 - 200 /, - 6o 31.4 'B6 25 to 30 20 - 0o / ' - 6o': :) 3I, 4 ° Be 30 In addition, an additional 50 g of potassium hydroxide per liter. Grade B6, measured at a temperature of 20 ° C. If you measure at a temperature higher than 2o = C, the spindle is spindled the lye accordingly less. In any case, a 30 ° C warm lye should be used for the mixed fiber mercerization 3o '' B6 spindles. Ta b le 2 Yarn sizes $ 4% cotton 70% cotton 45 0/0 cotton -I- 16% rayon -I- 30% rayon -I- 55 01, rayon No. 30/2 + 2 cm -j - I cm + O cm No. 4o / 2 - [- I1 / 2 cm - [- i to 0.5 cm -i- 0 cm No. 50/2 - (- I1 / 2 to i cm -E- 0.5 cm - 0.5 cm No. 6o / 2 + 1 cm + o cm - o.5 to i, o cm No. 8o / 2 -f - o cm - 0.5 cm - i to i1 / 2 cm The figures given, added to or subtracted from the raw reel length, result in the setting of the machine.

The following exemplary embodiments explain the invention.

Example 1 Mererization of mixed yarn 6o / 2. Composition of the yarn: 700/0 cotton and 30% cotton wool; Lye: 30 ° Be with 50; g of alum and 18 cc i settling agent, consisting of 3o parts by weight of xylenol, 20.4 parts by weight of tricresol and 9.6 parts by weight of tetrahydrofurfur alcohol, per liter; Temperature: 27 ° C; Stretching: raw reel 137 cm, main stretching 137.5 cm; Machine: 'Hausbold - mereerising machine with reset nip roller weights; Leach time: 120 seconds; Rinse: 65 ° C.

The goods are removed from the machine and placed in warm water at 40 ° C used. After accumulating about 251e9 @vird the yarn, .that on the tub occasionally had been moved, brought to the Pornitz Ab: acid machine and here with 3 ccm hydrochloric acid per liter acidified at 30 ° C for 15 minutes. Then it is finished rinsing, spun and dried.

Failure: The goods show one compared to the unmercerized goods Considerably better shine and staining significantly more than the unmereerized Were. The mixed web's own hairy appearance is: m case of the mercerized Garnes has been eliminated.

The tear strength: is: unmereerized 180.7 g, mercerized 201 g. The elongation is: unmercerized 14,30t0, mercerized 13,2010. example 2 Mercerising of mixed yarn 6o / 2.

Composition of the yarn: 700t0 cell -% full and 30% cotton; loose twist; Purpose: for P: lining purposes in the hosiery industry; Lye: 30 ° B8 with 6o .g alum and 18 ccm wetting agent per liter; Strength of the lye including additives:, b-ei 25 ° C 31 ° Be; Temperature: 30 ° C; Extension: raw reel - 134 cm, main extension 131 cm; Machine: Haubold machine; Pressing: only by the weight of the Ouet roller alone; Leach time: 120 seconds; Rinsing: 55 ° C. After mercerising, the yarns are put into 40 ° C warm water, to which 2 g of Mareins soap per liter have been added to avoid felting. After 25 kg have been collected on this bath, it is opened again Rinsed warm without any additives, in order to remove the soap from the goods and then acidified and rinsed in the usual way. To improve the windability, the following rinsing bath is used as the last rinsing bath: a paste of about 25 parts of octadecyl alcohol, about 3 parts of oetadecyl alcohol, zig of Turkish red oil and 0.5 ccm 3 percent: gelatinous acid per liter; Temperature: 35 ° C; Treatment time: 10 minutes.

Failure: The goods testify to the non-mercerized goods no appreciable improvement in quality; which is explained by the fact that with such a high staple viscose content, the raw fiber itself shines; However, the yarn is significant smoother, not so hairy and stains perfectly. Compared to the non-mercerized goods are the dyeability of these rather heavily shrunk Part almost twice as deep: compared to direct dyes. With the stretching Therefore, go so far down that you get a particularly stretchy fiber web receives. In this way, the web is given the opportunity to become quite strong to shrink the lye and .by crimping the individual fibers a particularly: to receive intimate association.

The tear strength is: unmercerized 139 g, mercerized 161 g .

The expansion is: unmercerized 15 '/ "mercerized 22 0/0. Example 3 Mercerising of piece goods (apron fabric for printed goods - blue and white items). composition of the goods: 84% cotton and 160/0 viscose wool both in the warp and in the weft.

Weight: Io pieces = 5q., 3okg (dry weight).

The desized, wet goods are treated on one Mercerisierfoulard from Maschinenfabrik Gerber with weight lever pressure and triple Bruise.

Lye: 6o L sodium hydroxide solution at 30 ° Be with 50 g of alum per liter (= 3 kg) and 6 ccm of wetting agent per liter (= 36o g).

Temperature: 35 ° C.

The fabric web is drawn in by the lye by means of a precursor taken through with full bruises and coughed up behind the foulard.

The running time per piece is 12 minutes. The goods are then on a Flush jigger used and in the wide state in 8 passages at 4o ° C rinsed. Then in the same jigger with 8 ccm of hydrochloric acid per liter at 30 ° C acidified in 6 passages and then rinsed and dried.

Failure: The goods are colored with chlorine and superoxide after bleaching perfect tone on tone (it is colored with 4-ethoxy-4-aminodiphenylamine), is in of the width by 5% and has the following tear strength when unmercerized Chain 272 g, with mercerized chain 295 g.

with an unmercerized shot 234 g, with a mercerized shot 246 g. The elongation is: with unmercerized chain 3.5 '/ "with mercerized chain 4.3% # with uninercerized shot 6.6%, with mercerized shot 6.9%.

The weight loss obtained through mercerization is less than Based on the weight of the desized, dry goods o, 6 0/0.

Example 4 Mercerization of mixed yarn 4o2. Composition of the yarn: 84% cotton and 16% rayon.

The goods should not only be mercerised to a high gloss, but also can be bleached to full white. Particular emphasis is placed on the Weight loss that occurred in previous mercerising and bleaching processes with 12 to 14% was found to be reduced. The process is as follows: a) \ lercerising, b) acidifying, c) scalding, d) bleaching with chlorine, e) dechlorinating and Post-bleaching and f) finishing.

a) Mercerizing lye: 3o 'B6 with 40 alum and 1 8 cc wetting agent per liter; Temperature: 25 ° C; Stretching: raw reel 140 cl-n, pre-turn 140 cm, shrinkage 134 cm, pulling in hot water 143 cm; So it was 3 cm above the raw reel stretched; Alkali exposure time: 3 minutes; Machine: Gerber machine (fully automatic) Rinse water temperature: 56 ° C ..

After hot rinsing and finishing the process, the yarns are leached in warm water for a quarter of an hour. b) Acidification 2 cc hydrochloric acid per liter acidified at 30 ° C. and finally rinsed completely. The goods show a high gloss that can only be found in pure Sakellaridis cotton webs exhibit.

The tear strength is 658 g, the elongation 9.9%.

The weight loss due to raw incineration alone is 1.3%.

This shows that a more gentle treatment of the rayon is no longer conceivable if one takes into account that with normal mercerization a mercerization loss of 5 to 6% for cotton yarns and normal mercerization A loss of up to 12% occurs in mixed webs containing cellular wool.

c) Scalding The yarns are now looped into two-part chains and in the boiling kettle operating at a liquor ratio of i: 15 at normal pressure scalded as follows.

Treatment bath: 2 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate per liter and i g a mixture of about a5 parts by weight of cetyl alcohol sulfonate and about 5 parts by weight Terpineol per liter; Duration of treatment: 1 hour.

Temperature: cooked well. This is followed by rinsing.

d) Bleaching with chlorine Now the goods are bleached with 39 effective chlorine per liter at 15 ° C for one hour in a weakly alkaline bath. Then it is rinsed with cold water.

e) Dechlorinating and bleaching the tarpaulin The goods are then placed on a 4o1 C warm bath provided, the i g of the reaction product of coconut fatty alcohol sulfuric acid ester, Sodium pyrophosphate and hydrogen peroxide (according to the French patent 773751) and 0.5 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate per liter. It is now -within Heated to 70 ° C for half an hour and at 70 ° for another half hour C. bleached. This is followed by rinsing and finally finishing as follows.

f) Avoid using a very short bath containing 3 g of octadecyl alcohol sulfonate and contains 3 cc of Turkish red oil per liter; Temperature, 45 'C. Duration of treatment: 15 Minutes; Each batch: 12.5 kg.

Failure: The goods show a very good gloss, which has been fully preserved from the mercerization and can compete with the gloss of the best Sakellaridis goods. The white is enough; it can be further improved by applying a blue stain. The tear strength goes through bleaching alone back slightly, from an average of 658 g to 587 g, so that therefore a loss of 71 entering the ninth If the tensile strength of the mercerized goods is denoted by 100 ° / a, this loss amounts to about 2 ° / a, while the elongation remains the same.

The weight loss including mercerization and bleaching amounts exactly 3.5 per cent, so that with a loss of 1.3 per cent due to mercerization only the actual weight loss (through scalding, chlorination and post-treatment) 2.21 /. So this is also significantly less than the weight loss with normal cotton webs, where 8 to 10% are calculated in the case of pure white must, or in the case of mixed webs containing cellulose, in which the total loss is due to Mercerization and bleaching if you followed the old previous process for cotton works, is up to 16 '/ "and is equivalent to the staple viscose content of the web is.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for the mercerization of mixed webs or mixed fabrics made of cotton and reprecipitated cellulose, characterized in that the material is mixed with alkalis of at least 25 ° Be with the addition of de-swelling salts, preferably alum, at temperatures of 20 to 40 ° C and with stretching Treated up to a maximum of 2 cm, where appropriate depending on the yarn thickness and the content of reprecipitated cellulose in the goods, squeezing to a greater or lesser extent and rinsing at 40 to 70 ° C. 2. Embodiment of the method according to claim i, characterized in that that the material is brought dry into the lye mixed with a wetting agent.