DE675042C - Process for the preparation of acid amides - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of acid amides

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Publication number
DE675042C
DE675042C DE1930675042D DE675042DD DE675042C DE 675042 C DE675042 C DE 675042C DE 1930675042 D DE1930675042 D DE 1930675042D DE 675042D D DE675042D D DE 675042DD DE 675042 C DE675042 C DE 675042C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
acid amides
ammonia
esters
preparation
carbon atoms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1930675042D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Karl Vierling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE675042C publication Critical patent/DE675042C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/02Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • C07C233/09Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C31/00Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C31/18Polyhydroxylic acyclic alcohols

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Säureamiden Es ist bekannt, daß man Ester mit wäßrigem, alkoholischem oder gasförmigem Ammoniak bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur unter Bildung von Säureamiden und Alkoholen umsetzen kann. Dieses Verfahren ist jedoch nur bei Estern mit niedriger Kohlenstoffatomzahl durchführbar; bei Estern mit höherer Kohlenstoffatomzahl, beispielsweise fetten ölen, tritt praktisch keine Spaltung ein.Process for the preparation of acid amides It is known that one Esters with aqueous, alcoholic or gaseous ammonia at ordinary temperature can react with the formation of acid amides and alcohols. This procedure is but only feasible for esters with a low number of carbon atoms; with esters With a higher number of carbon atoms, for example fatty oils, practically none occurs Cleavage.

Es wurde nun gefunden, :daß man in technisch vorteilhafter Weise natürlich vorkommende Ester aus einbasischen aliphatischen Carb.onsÄuren mit mindestens 3 Kohlenstoffatomen und ein- bis dreiwertigen Alkoholen unter Bildung von Säureamiden und Alkoholen spalten kann, wenn man die Ester mit flüssigem Ammoniak bei erhöhter Temperatur unter Anwendung von Druck behandelt.It has now been found: that one naturally takes place in a technically advantageous manner Occurring esters from monobasic aliphatic carb.onic acids with at least 3 Carbon atoms and monohydric to trihydric alcohols with the formation of acid amides and alcohols can be split if the esters are increased with liquid ammonia Treated temperature with the application of pressure.

Die Umsetzung geht schon bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur vor sieh, jedoch sind höhere Temperaturen, z. B. solche von etwa Zoo bis 13o°, zur Beschleunigung der Umsetzung zweckmäßig. Vorteilhaft ist auch die Verwendung von Katalysatoren, beispielsweise Metallen, wie Eisen, Nickel oder Kobalt, oder Metalloxyden, z. B. Kobaltoxyd.The implementation already takes place at ordinary temperature, however are higher temperatures, e.g. B. those from about zoo to 130 °, for acceleration the implementation expedient. The use of catalysts is also advantageous, for example metals such as iron, nickel or cobalt, or metal oxides, e.g. B. Cobalt oxide.

Das beschriebene Verfahren besitzt den besonderen Vorteil, daß in völlig wasserfreiem Medium gearbeitet werden kann, wodurch die sonst vielfach erforderliche Entfernung des Wassers aus dem gebildeten Alkohol in Wegfall kommt. So wird beispielsweise bei der Behandlung von Fettsäureglycerinestern mit flüssigem Ammoniak das bei der Spaltung erhaltene und in einem Lberschuß von Ammoniak lösliche Glycerin nach Verdampfen des Ammoniaks wasserfrei und in quantitativer Ausbeute erhalten.The method described has the particular advantage that in completely anhydrous medium can be worked, whereby the otherwise often required Removal of the water from the alcohol formed is eliminated. For example in the treatment of fatty acid glycerol esters with liquid ammonia that of the Cleavage of glycerol obtained and soluble in an excess of ammonia after evaporation of the ammonia anhydrous and obtained in quantitative yield.

Es ist vorgeschlagen worden, Carb.ons,äureester mit praktisch wasserfreien Verseifungsmitteln in Gegenwart indifferenter organischer Verdünnungsflüssigkeiten, in denen die bei der Verseifung frei werdende alkoholische Komponente nicht löslich ist, zu verseifen. Im vorliegenden Falle handelt es sich aber nicht um eine einfache Verseifung, sondern um eine Spaltung unter Amidbildung. Man hat auch schon Ester hähermolekularer Fettsäuren mit wäßrigem oder alkoholischem Ammoniak in die entsprechenden Säureamide übergeführt. Diese Umsetzung erfordert jedoch verhältnismäßig lange Zeit und liefert zudem nur geringe Mengen von S,äureamidein, so daß sie für die technische Herstellung von Siäureamiden nicht in Betracht kommt. Es ist ferner bekannt, Acetamid durch Einleiten von gasförmigem Ammoniak in erhitztem Eisessig herzustellen. Auch hieraus konnte nicht hergeleitet werden, daß man durch Eül-.; wirkung von Ammoniak in flüssiger Fo ;1'1 unter Druck auf natürliche I#'ettgä;ureest in verhältnismäßig kleinen Apparaturen' räsc und in guter Ausbeute die Säureamide gewirinen kann.It has been proposed to saponify Carb.ons, acid esters with practically anhydrous saponifying agents in the presence of inert organic diluent liquids in which the alcoholic component released during saponification is not soluble. In the present case, however, it is not a matter of simple saponification, but of cleavage with amide formation. Esters of higher molecular weight fatty acids with aqueous or alcoholic ammonia have also been converted into the corresponding acid amides. However, this reaction requires a relatively long time and, moreover, only provides small amounts of S, acid amides, so that it cannot be used for the industrial production of acid amides. It is also known to produce acetamide by introducing gaseous ammonia into heated glacial acetic acid. From this, too, it could not be inferred that Eül- .; effect of ammonia in liquid fo; 1'1 under pressure on natural I # 'ettgä; ureest in relatively small apparatuses' räsc and the acid amides can be milled in good yield.

Beispiel 7 kg Olivenöl werden zusammen mit 2 kg flüssigem Ammoniak S Stunden lang bei i i o° im Autoklaven gerührt, worauf das Ammoniak mit dem Glycerin abgetrennt und der Rückstand mehrmals mit flüssigem Ammoniak nachgewaschen wird. Man erhält 6,2 kg 0lsäureamid. Nach Verdampfen des Ammoniaks aus der Ammoniak-Glycerin-Lösung erhält man o,5 kg helles, wasserfreies Gly-.#i#rin.Example 7 kg of olive oil are used together with 2 kg of liquid ammonia Stirred for 5 hours in the autoclave at 10 °, whereupon the ammonia and the glycerine separated and the residue is washed several times with liquid ammonia. 6.2 kg of acid amide are obtained. After the ammonia has evaporated from the ammonia-glycerine solution one obtains 0.5 kg of light, anhydrous Gly -. # i # rin.

Claims (1)

.,' PATL,NTANSPIZUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung von Säureamiden aus natürlich vorkommenden Estern aus einbasischen aliphatischen Carbonsä,uren mit mindestens 3 Kohlenstoffatomen und ein- bis dreiwertigen Alkoholen durch Spaltung mit Ammoniak, dadurch gekeilnzeichnet, daß man die Ester bei erhöhter Temperatur, gegebenenfalls in Anwesenheit von Katalysatoren, mit flüssigem Ammoniak unter Anwendung von Druck behandelt.., 'PATL, NTANSPIZUCH: Process for the production of acid amides from naturally occurring esters from monobasic aliphatic carboxylic acids with at least 3 carbon atoms and monohydric to trihydric alcohols by splitting with ammonia, marked by the fact that the esters at elevated temperature, if appropriate in the presence of catalysts, with liquid ammonia under the application of pressure treated.
DE1930675042D 1930-06-22 1930-06-22 Process for the preparation of acid amides Expired DE675042C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE675042T 1930-06-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE675042C true DE675042C (en) 1939-05-04

Family

ID=6591407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1930675042D Expired DE675042C (en) 1930-06-22 1930-06-22 Process for the preparation of acid amides

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE675042C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112592287A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-02 东莞理工学院 Method for preparing long-chain amide

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112592287A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-02 东莞理工学院 Method for preparing long-chain amide

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