DE50921C - Innovation in the process for dewatering nitrided cellulose and in the hydraulic presses used for the production of celluloid - Google Patents

Description

* ■ 'U .; Oil ί Il S i

! • W ^^ S ^ -SW ** ^^ ^

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 39 ^ horn _{; i} ivory and plastic bodies. 'yffi

JOSEPH RICHARD FRANCE in NEW-YORK CITY (New York State, V. St. A.).

Innovation in the process of dehydrating nitrated cellulose and those used for it hydraulic presses in the manufacture of celluloid.

Patented in the German Empire on December 4th, 1888.

The present invention relates to the method and associated apparatus for the manufacture of nitrocellulose or pyroxylin compounds and the main purpose of the pulpy nitrocellulose mass is sufficient and inexpensive in large quantities and without the risk of explosion to be able to drain. "

The extraordinarily sensitive nature of dinitrocellulose, especially its inclination, under Pressure to explode, especially when it is dry approaches, make their drainage dangerous and difficult. That according to the present invention The procedures adopted to avoid these inconveniences should be based on the methods used here and in the enclosed Apparatus shown in the drawings will be described below.

Fig. Ι shows a perspective view of the apparatus in which the container from the Print box is thought away; *

Fig. 2 is a vertical section showing the container in place;

Fig. 3 is, on an enlarged scale, a horizontal section along the line 3 - 3 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is also on an enlarged scale a horizontal section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 2.

The printing frame 1 of a suitable construction is mounted on the base plate 2 and ends in an upper hood or prefabricated plate 3; 4 is the cylinder of the hydraulic press and 6 is its plunger piston, which passes through the hole 8 of the lower press plate 7. On the Prefsplatte 7 there is a provided with a Flantsch 13 and with a recess or chamber 9 plate 7 ^a. The recess 9 establishes the connection with the interior of the price box or container and is connected to an outlet pipe 10 that can be shut off with a tap. On the Flantsch 13 of the plate 7 ^a the lower end of the container rests or Prefskastens 14 which consists of individual parts, as is apparent from the figures ic ia, ib and. The container 14 can be removed from one another at its two opposite corners so that its interior is easily accessible. On one half of the container, a reinforcing ^{tape 14 s} with an inwardly turned flange 14 ^{b is} attached, which extends over the inner surface of the container. At the top there is a second band 14 °, which can either be removed or firmly connected to the other half of the container. Within the container 14 a false bottom 1 5 is mounted, which rests on the ^b Flantsch i4 and holes 16 and stands grooves is provided 17th This false bottom fits easily into the container 14. It is best to make the container out of wood and lined the inside with zinc because it is easy to handle. Inside the Prefsrahmens 1 and above the plate 7 is a

Price box 18, which is divided at its opposite corners and one half of which is connected to the other half by hinges. When the box 18 is closed, the side walls of the same enclose the flange 13 of the plate 7 ^a . On the outer surfaces of these side walls there are cross ribs 19 with lugs 20 which receive the bolts 21 when the box is closed. The bolts 21 have wing nuts, by means of which the joint is closed very tightly. In order to make the joint completely tight, strips 23 of packing material are placed in the channels 24. The price box holds and contains the container on which flange 13 of the plate j ^a rests.

At the upper end of the price box there is a strong transverse wall 25, which the Head of the press forms. This transverse wall is provided with holes 26 which through the Transverse wall up to an upper chamber 27 - divided by partitions 28 are sufficient. The partition walls 28 have openings 29 both at the top and at the bottom with this chamber are two tubes 30 and 31, which lead to an air compression pump 32 resp. lead to an alcohol container 33, each of these tubes being provided with a stopcock 34. One Tube 34%, which can be shut off with tap 35, leads from the floor Chamber 27 to drain pipe 10.

In the vicinity of the press a scale 37 of any construction is attached Purpose to be explained later. If necessary, electrical contacts 38 and 39 on the. The balance beam is mounted and the lead wires of the same with the signal bell 40 can be connected.

The device is used in the following ways:

The nitrided cellulose, as soon as it comes out of the washing containers, is brought into a centrifugal drying machine, which is then kept in motion until the water remaining in the pulp has approximately the same weight as the pulp. The nitrocellulose is then removed and formed into separate pieces of approximately 1 kg. After a piece of muslin is placed on the wrong floor, the first piece of nitrocellulose is placed in the container and a second piece of muslin is placed on top of it. Then put a second piece of nitrocellulose and continue until the container is full. The container is then closed and placed in the price box, which is closed very tightly. As soon as the hydraulic press comes into operation, the piston 6 rises, lifts the false bottom 15, and pumps the nitrocellulose between it and the head 25. The pressure is increased up to about 28 kg to 1 square cm, and the piston about an hour under this pressure held; During this time, the priced water runs through the holes 16 and gutters 17 down through the false bottom, from where it flows into the chamber 9 of the plate η ^Ά and flows off through the pipe 10, while the water that flows through the transverse wall 25 has been priced upwards, is diverted through the waste 34 ^s after the pipe 10.

After the nitrocellulose pulp for about an hour under pressure. has been, will be the Cock 34 opened and compressed air supplied from the air compression pump 32, which penetrates through the pulp and a large part of that still contained in it Liquid continues with it. Treatment with compressed air is still carried out for a short time after the water has stopped draining, and then the air valve closed and the tap 31 is opened to remove 95 degrees alcohol from the alcohol container 33 to let into the chamber 27, from where the alcohol through the transverse wall 25 and seeps through the nitrocellulose pulp, runs down due to its weight and what remains remaining moisture which, because of its greater specific gravity, is below the Alcohol seeps down, drifts down.

The practical execution of the process described has shown that about 30 pCt. of the water from the nitrocellulose due to the pressure and a further 20 pCt. through treatment of the pulp are removed with the compressed air, so that about only half of the original amount of water remains in the nitrocellulose. As the weight of this Water is known, one can do this by having one to receive the priced Water specific vessel 41 to a corresponding loaded balance beam 37 is to recognize the drying point exactly. Shows the electric bell 40 on, that removes the water from the nitrocellulose and into the vessel 41 is added, the supply pipe 31 for the alcohol is closed and in place of the vessel 41, a second vessel is attached, which is determined now to absorb aqueous alcohol squeezed out of the nitrocellulose, which for can be distilled off again after renewed use. The air tube 30 is then opened and the alcohol drifted down until the nitrided cellulose was 40 to 50 pct. their weight contains alcohol. The air is then shut off, the piston lowered and the Container opened. The nitrated cellulose or the pyroxyline is found here in compact, easily separable layers because the pieces of muslin placed in between the layers

kept separate from each other. That to complete the conversion of the Pyroxylins'. required quantum of camphor is now together with the dye and the pigments placed between the individual layers, the latter being in on top of one another Zinc-lined, boxes laid and tightly covered to be kept in this way until they are further treated in a known manner between the rollers.

In order to be able to regulate the pressure on the pyroxyline as desired, a safety valve is used 42 attached to the hydraulic cylinder.

The described invention has the following advantages, among others:

. ι. a rapid dehydration of the pyroxyline, whereby the manufacturer is able, daily a great deal to be treated at a low cost;

2. An even distribution of the solvents, so that all parts of the alcohol are saturated, which facilitates further treatment with solvents;

3. Safe dewatering because the pressure to which the pulp is subjected need only be a little and keep the pulp itself always in a moist state remain.

The procedure described is generally quick, easy, safe and cheap to carry out, and the alcohol that stays in the nitrocellulose pulp and later becomes with it the camphor can be recovered by distilling again.

In the description of the process only alcohol was mentioned, but it can also other solvents are used for this

the, z. B. amyl alcohol or chlorinated amyl alcohol.

In the practice of the procedure, a container 0.75 m deep was used and 0.25 m wide by 1 m high, creating an inner space of about 0.2 cbm arises, which is sufficient for an amount of 15 kg undehydrated pyroxylins.

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Process for dewatering nitrated cellulose, consisting in the introduction of compressed Air through the layers stacked between pieces of stuff (if necessary with the use of intermediate layers from camphor, dye and pigments) and nitrided under the pressure of a hydraulic press Cellulose pulp to remove the water that cannot be removed by pressure alone, subsequent passage of alcohol to displace the last water and subsequent blowing of air through to get rid of alcohol. 2. To carry out the procedure identified under 1. in conjunction with a hydraulic press one dismantled at its opposite edges Prefskasten (18 in Figs. 1 and 2), which a head (27) provided with holes (26) and one inside it Box attached and also detachable at its opposite edges Container (14), which has a replaceable false bottom (17), through its perforations (16), as well as through the perforated head (27) the water priced by a hydraulic press respectively. the alcohol occurs resp. priced Water leaks. For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.