DD294237A5 - METHOD AND CHAMBER FILTER PRESSURE FOR HEATING SLEEPING AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for draining sludge and similar substances. Here, in a chamber filter press, the sludge is fed into a mud chamber (2) closed on all sides by a pump (7) and built up a hydrostatic pressure determinable levels. Subsequently, the sludge chamber (2) is separated from the pump (7) and the volume of the sludge chamber (2) reduced and a mechanical Entwaesserungsdruck generated. Fig. 6 {mud; Comb filter press; Mud chamber; Pump; hydrostatic pressure; mechanical dewatering pressure}

Description

Process and chamber filter press for dewatering sludge and similar substances.

The invention relates to a method for dewatering of sludge and similar substances, in which the sludge is fed by a pump under high pressure into at least one filter surfaces having closed sludge chamber and in the sludge chamber a dehydration inducing hydrostatic pressure is built up. Furthermore, the invention relates to a chamber filter press for carrying out the method with at least one mutually closed mud chamber, which has filter surfaces, wherein the mud chamber has a sludge inlet, which is connected via a line with a filtration pressure generating pump.

It is known, for example, in sewage treatment plants

sludge to be dewatered after addition of organic or inorganic flocculants or filter aids in chamber filter presses. In known chamber filter presses, the sludge is in all sides closed filter chambers, which are usually combined to form a battery of a plurality of filter chambers, fed and drained medium to be dehydrated at high pressure until the desired content of dry matter is reached. In this case, the water contained is led out through the separating walls of the individual filter chambers consisting of filter material. Disadvantage of this known procedure and construction of chamber filter presses is that at high tech-

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niche effort the efficiency with which the pressure is transferred to the substance to be drained, decreases from chamber to chamber in the conveying direction

 5

The invention is based on the object, starting from the aforementioned prior art, to provide a method and a chamber filter press for carrying out the method, which ensures a substantially improved efficiency and, moreover, an improved throughput with less technical outlay.

In a method of the type mentioned above, this object is achieved in that after reaching a definable pressure level, the sludge chamber is separated from the pump and that there:, volume of the sludge chamber is subsequently reduced and a mechanical dewatering pressure is generated, which is greater than that achieved hydrostatic pressure. In this way, it is ensured that from the pressure level, from which further drainage would be possible by the hydrostatic pressure only with correspondingly high energy costs and corresponding design effort, then the sludge chamber isolated from the pump mechanically zusemmengedrückt and further drainage by means of the mechanically generated Pressure takes place.

In a preferred embodiment of this procedure, the filter surface with the filter cake is moved out of the sludge chamber by discharging the filter cake produced. As a result, the expensive in known dewatering process by means of such filter presses replacement of FiltertUcher is avoided.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the sludge is pumped into the sludge chamber at several points at the same time. As a result, the selected hydrostatic pressure is reached comparatively quickly, since the filtrate pressure is avoided by the total

3 te, located in the chamber substance must be transferred.

In a particularly advantageous development of the Er-. Molding several sludge chambers are operated in parallel and alternately cyclically to each other, wherein the hydrostatic pressure generating pump is continuously driven, and wherein the feed of the individual sludge chambers is switched, such that the sludge supply and the discharge of the filter cake is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers ,

As mentioned above, another object of the invention is a chamber filter press for carrying out the method described above.

15

Known chamber filter presses consist of a fixed head piece and a large number of grooved plates made of iron, wood, hard rubber or special steel and other materials, which are hung on iron slides and coated with the filter tubes. By means of a movable head piece and a spindle, the plates are pressed together, which can be done hydraulically with large filter units. Between each two such plates arise cavities through the raised edges of the plates or by hollow frame, which are suspended between two plates. The chamber filter presses have in the center of the plate or at the edge of a filling channel, wherein the filling under pressure, generated by the pump, takes place. The filtrate passes through the wipes and flows down through them through grooves and passes through a channel to drain taps of each plate. In some constructions, a special washing water channel is provided for washing the filter cake, being dried after washing mostly by compressed air. For emptying the plates are pulled apart after opening the press, the filter cake then either falls out by itself or must be pushed out by hand. The emptying, cleaning of the sealing surfaces, assembly and closing of the presses require a lot of manual labor and time, whereby the wear on filter valves

is great.

According to the invention a completely novel chamber filter press of the type mentioned is proposed, which is characterized in that the filter surfaces are arranged in the mud chamber between stationary and movable pressure plates, and that after switching off the pump, these are pressurized.

More specifically, it is preferable that the mud chamber has a lid containing the movable pressure plates and a bottom containing the stationary pressure plates, and that the lid is movable between a closed and an open position by means of the movable pressure plates opposite to the bottom ,

In this case, a particularly preferred embodiment is that the mud chamber from the filter surfaces in the form of a horizontally and rectilinearly intermittently rotating filter belt and a pressure membrane, and that the pressure membrane is provided with circumferential sealing strips, which bear sealingly in the closed position in the filter belt. As a result, the advantage is achieved that the filter cake produced with the filter belt out of the mud chamber can be moved out and at the same time a new filter belt section is moved into the mud chamber.

In particular, it is advantageous to provide guides for the vertical movement for the movable pressure plates and the sealing strips.

In a preferred embodiment, the guides for the movable pressure plates and the sealing strips are designed as common guides

 36

Here, a preferred embodiment is that the guides are formed as upstanding pins on one of the pressure plates of a printing plate pair, which in FUh-

Slots of the sealing strips and the other pressure plate slide.

To ensure the simplest possible guidance of the sealing strips, an advantageous detail according to the invention consists in the fact that the sealing strips consist of a rigid stiffening strip made of plastic or the like and a sealing body of flexible material revolving around the circumference of the pressure membrane that the stiffening strips the top of the edge region of the pressure membrane and the sealing body of the stiffening strip is secured opposite on the underside of the edge region, that the sealing strip has a protruding edge over the circumference of the pressure membrane, and that the guide holes are formed in the edge.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the filter surfaces and the pressure membrane between the pairwise opposed stationary and movable pressure plates are arranged.

In particular, it is advantageous in this case that a plurality of juxtaposed pressure plate pairs is provided, wherein particularly preferably the lower pressure plates are rigidly mounted and the upper pressure plates can be fed via hydraulic high pressure generator against the lower pressure plates or vice versa. As a result of this construction, the entire sludge chamber can be subjected to a high mechanical pressure after isolation thereof in relation to the pressure pump in the simplest manner.

The pressure membrane is connected in the chamber filter press according to the invention, at least in a central region with the movable pressure plates, so that the pressure membrane forms part of the opposite the floor liftable lid.

In order to avoid having to replace the entire pressure membrane when the seals are worn, it is advantageous to use the filter belt at the contact surface of the sealing strips.

to provide replaceable wear parts.

In particular, it is preferred that the pressure membrane is formed as connected to the sealing strips rubber blanket. 5

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the sealing strips are positively controlled and can be moved up and down by a drive.

Here it is advantageous! that the drive is formed by a number of arranged on the sealing strips controllable pressure generators, which press the sealing strips relative to the upper pressure plate selectively in the direction of the filter belt and lift it off. By this embodiment, a strong simplification of the construction is achieved in safe operation by the mud chamber independent of the pressure and opening stroke of the movable pressure plates can be opened and closed by pressing the pressure generator or the drive of the sealing strips. As a result, the high-pressure generator with a lower stroke and perform in a simple construction.

In particular, it is preferred that the pressure generators are designed as pneumatic cylinders, which can be actuated to open and close the mud chamber dui ch lifting and lowering the sealing strips.

The pneumatic cylinders are preferably supported on the upper pressure plates in such a way that the sealing pressure is increased by compression of the air in the pneumatic cylinders during the pressure stroke of the upper pressure plates.

Advantageously, this embodiment can be further developed in that two pneumatic cylinders are provided at each end of an upper pressure plate. At the arranged on the end faces of the mud chamber pressure plates are advantageously provided a number of pneumatic cylinders distributed over the length thereof.

An advantageous embodiment. The invention can be provided in that the piston rods of the pneumatic cylinder are pivotally connected to the stiffening strip of the sealing strip.

In particular, it is advantageous that the connection of the piston rods with the stiffening strip of the center line of the sealing body are arranged opposite one another. As a result, the most uniform distribution of the sealing pressure is ensured.

In the embodiment in which the sealing strips have their own drive, the hydraulic high-pressure generators can be designed as a single cylinder with a plunger in an advantageous manner. As a result, a structural simplification is achieved because the closing movement of the mud chamber via the pneumatic cylinder or the separate drive of the sealing strips takes place.

The sealing strips on the pressure membrane can be spring-biased in the direction of the filter belt as an alternative to the embodiment described above. The spring preload is in this case selected such that in the position of the movable pressure plates before the compression stroke of the sealing pressure generated by the springs in any case sufficient to prevent, under the hydrostatic pressure generated by the pump, the mud laterally between the pressure membrane and the filter belt can escape.

Advantageously, the springs acting on the sealing strips are further supported on the movable pressure plates, such that at the same time the sealing pressure is generated during the pressure stroke.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention may be provided in that the hydraulic high pressure generators connect the stationary pressure plates with the movable pressure plates to form closed frames. As a result, a high mechanical strength is created with the simplest means, wherein correspondingly high achievable pressures are absorbed within the closed frame

and any strongly formed abutment in the form of foundations od. Like. Not required.

Lm individual, it is also advantageous that the hydraulic B high-pressure generator are designed as a double cylinder, wherein in each double cylinder, a piston is formed as a pressing piston and a two-ter piston as a closing piston. This makes it possible, regardless of the actual pressure stroke of the movable pressure plates to bring about a closing of the mud chamber by actuation of the closing piston, so that it is in any case ·· completed by the sealing strips.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the sludge chamber has a plurality of sludge inlets, so that a very fast filling of the sludge chamber and a build-up of the hydrostatic pressure with high efficiency are possible.

The sludge inlets are in this case preferably arranged in the center axis of the pressure membrane, wherein the sludge inlets are each connected via a connecting line with a manifold.

The sludge inlets are preferably provided with closing valves and the collecting line with a check valve. As a result, the pressure generated by the pump can be effectively shut off from the mud chamber when the pressure stroke of the chamber filter press by the high pressure generator occurs.

In order to enable a washing of the filter cake, one or more over-valve controlled outlets of a conduit for a washing or cleaning medium are preferably provided in the pressure membrane.

To improve drainage and facilitate the discharge of

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flow of filtrate is between the filter belt and the unfiltered fluid.

Tere printing plates provided a plate with upwardly open Filtratkanälen. On this plate, the filter tape is un indirectly on. It is therefore preferred to produce the plate from a low-friction plastic, as this slides directly on the plate during the retraction of the filter cake and the retraction of a new filter band section.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention can be provided in that a plurality of chamber filter presses are provided parallel to each other, that the Sammelleitun conditions of the chamber filter presses are connected to a main line, that the main line is continuously acted upon by the pressure of the pump, and that a control is provided , which controls the check valves, the closing valves, the high pressure generator, the pneumatic cylinder and the drive of the filter belt according to the working cycle of the individual chamber filter presses such that the sludge supply and the discharge of the filter cake is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers.

An alternative Ausflihrungsform according to the invention can be provided in that a plurality of chamber filter presses are provided: parallel to each other, that the manifolds of the chamber filter presses are connected to a main line, that the main line is continuously acted upon by the pressure of the pump, and that a control is provided which the check valves, the closing valves, the high pressure generator and the drive of the filter belt entshechend the working cycle of the individual chamber filter presses such steu ert that the sludge supply and the discharge of the filter cake is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers.

By these two embodiments, a quasi-continuous chamber filter press is created.

In the following the invention with reference to in the drawings

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Illustrated exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a highly schematic sectional side view of a section of a chamber filter press according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the chamber filter press of FIG.

1 on a smaller scale; IO

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG.

on a smaller scale;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Figure 1 on a reduced scale.

5 shows an embodiment according to the invention, in which a plurality of chambers are arranged parallel to one another and are operated alternately in a cyclic manner, wherein further details omitted in FIG. 1 are also shown;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the controller for the embodiment of Figs. 5 and 6;

Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a Ausflihrungsform

according to the invention, in which the sealing of the mud chamber is provided with a separate drive;

Fig. 9 is a partially sectioned plan view of the chamber filter press of Fig. 8, with the sectional plane taken approximately along the line IX-IX in Fig. 11;

10 is a side view of the chamber filter press in a highly schematic representation in the direction of the arrow X.

in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI in Fig. 9; Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line XII-XII in Fig. 9;

Fig. 13 is a view of the chamber filter press in the direction of the arrow XIII in Fig. 10;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken along the line XIV-XIV in Fig. 10, illustrating the chamber filter press in feeding and applying the pump pressure;

Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 14, but showing only a portion of Fig. 14 and illustrating the chamber filter press in the state in which the pressing pressure is applied by the movable pressure plates;

Pig. FIG. 16 is a view corresponding to FIG. 14 when the finished sludge cake is being discharged from the chamber filter press; FIG.

17 is a schematic sectional side view of an arrangement of: two superimposed chamber filter presses according to FIGS. 8 ff .;

Fig. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII of

FIGS. 17 and 30

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of an outer peripheral portion of the mud chamber, which shows details of the drive of the sealing strips according to the embodiment of FIGS. 8 to 17

 35

The chamber filter press according to the invention, generally indicated at 1 in Fig. 1 to 4, serves for dewatering sludge and similar substances and is particularly intended for sludges which preclude the use of flocculants, such as ceramic sludges or food slurries.

The chamber filter press 1 has tine mud chamber 2 closed on all sides, which consists of a lid 3 and a bottom 4. The mud chamber 2 contains a filter surface 5, which retains the filter cake and lets the filtrate through. Above the filter surface 5, a pressure diaphragm 6 is arranged, by means of which 'in the manner described below, an additional mechanical pressure is generated after a definable pressure level of a hydrostatic pressure has been reached, which is constructed by means of a pump 7 in the mud chamber 2.

As illustrated, in the mud chamber 2, the filter surface 5 between stationary part of the bottom 4 forming printing plates 8 and part of the lid 3 forming movable pressure plates 9 are arranged. The printing plates 8 and 9 have, as shown in Fig. 1, in the embodiment

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the shape of double T-beams, as this form is a cost effective way to take high Drlicke.

The cover 3 can be lifted off the floor 4 in the manner described below, so that the filter surface 5 becomes accessible.

In the preferred embodiment, the filter surface 5 is formed by a horizontally and rectilinearly intermittently rotating filter belt 10, which is movable with the mud chamber 2 open by a drive *, not shown.

As is apparent from Fig. 1 and partly from Fig. 5, the filter belt 10 is guided starting from the left end of Fig. 5 on a spring-loaded guide roller 11 and then passes through the mud chamber 2. Outside the Schlammk.ammer is another guide roller 12th provided on which the discharge 13 is provided for the filter cake. At this point, a scraper or blade 53 is provided which releases the filter cake 48 from the filter belt 10,

In the direction of rotation behind the guide roller 12, the filter belt 10 passes through a washing device 14, via further guide rollers 15 and 16 and od under the chamber filter press 1 on rods 17. Like. Passed through. Subsequently, the filter belt 10 passes over rollers 18 and 19, and another roller 20 back to Umlenkrollie 11, wherein the roller 20 is provided with a known device for straight running, the filter belt 10, not shown.

As further shown, the pressure membrane 6 enclosing the sludge chamber 2 is provided with surrounding sealing strips 21 which, in the closed position, bear sealingly against the filter belt 10 and therefore close the sludge chamber 2 on all sides.

The filter surface 10 formed by the filter belt 5 and the pressure membrane 6 thus lie between the pairwise opposed stationary and movable pressure plates eighth

14.

and 9, wherein a plurality of juxtaposed pairs of printing plates is provided. The lower pressure plates 8 are in this case mounted rigidly, wherein the upper pressure plates 9 gegenpbder the lower pressure plates 8 by 22 designated hydraulic high pressure generator are movable.

As can be seen from the sectional view according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the pressure membrane 6 is fastened with its central region 23 to the movable pressure plates 9.

As further apparent from these figures, wear parts 25 are provided on the contact surface 24 between the sealing strips 21 and the filter belt 10, which are exchangeably connected to the sealing strips 21.

The surrounding the mud chamber 2 around circumferential sealing strips 21 on the pressure diaphragm 6, which is designed as a rubber cover 26 are biased in the direction of the filter belt 10 by springs 27, so that the sealing strips 21 before the compression stroke of the press already in sealing contact with the filter belt 10th are located. The springs 27 are hereby truncated on the movable pressure plates 9, so that at the same time the sealing pressure generated by the sealing strips 21 against-.das filter belt 10 is increased during the pressure stroke of the chamber filter press 1.

As shown in more detail in Fig. 6, to which reference will be made later to the description of the method according to the invention, the stationary pressure plates 8 are connected to the movable pressure plates 9 by the hydraulic high pressure generator 22 to closed frame 52 and the high pressure hydraulic generators are at In the preferred embodiment, a double cylinder 28 is formed.

In each of these double cylinder 28, a piston 29 is arranged, which is connected via a piston rod 30 with one end of a movable pressure plate 9. A similar construction is at the opposite lateral end of a

each movable pressure plate 9 is provided. The piston 29 in the double cylinder 28 serves as a pressure piston for the pressure stroke of the chamber filter press 1. In each of the double cylinder 28, a second piston 31 is provided, which is connected via a piston rod 32 to a lateral end of each stationary pressure plate 8. The piston 31 serves as a closing piston and moved independently of the pressing stroke, the movable pressure plate 9 sufficiently far down to ensure a sealing contact of the sealing strip 21 on the filter belt 10.

As can be seen in particular from the top view according to FIG. 2, the sludge chamber 2 has a plurality of sludge inlets 33, which are preferably arranged in the central axis 34 of the pressure membrane 6. Each of the sludge inlets 33 is connected via a connecting line 35 to a manifold 36 located laterally outside the sludge chamber 2. Each of the mud inlets 33 is provided with closing valves 37 which are electrically or hydraulically operable. The manifold 36 has at its end leading to the pump 7, a likewise electrically or hydraulically actuated check valve 38.

On the opposite side of the sludge chamber 2, a line 39 is provided, which in the pressure diaphragm 6 more, controlled by valves 40 outlets 41. The outlets 41 are connected via connecting lines 42 to the line.

Since the outlets 41 and the sludge inlets 23 are disposed in the pressure membrane 6, it is convenient to support the conduit 39 and the manifold 36 to the movable pressure plates 9 so as to move upwardly and downwardly with the pressure plates corresponding to the stroke. The connection of the manifold 36 to the pump 7 and the connection of the line 39 to a supply, not shown, for a washing or cleaning medium is therefore expediently via bellows 43, 44, which the vertical movement de * * lines against the

allow appropriate connections.

As further seen in Figs. 3 and 4, in the Schlammkaynmer 2, the filter belt 10 is mounted on a plate 45, welehe between the filter belt 10 and the lower pressure plates 8 is arranged. The plate 45 has upwardly open passageways 46 through which the filtrate is led out of the press. For collecting the filtrate, a filtrate collection tray 47 is provided.

Since the removal of the sludge cake 48 takes place after the pressing process and optionally after washing by moving the filter belt 10, at the same time a fresh filter belt section is retracted into the mud chamber, it is preferred to produce the plate 45 from a low-friction plastic.

The chamber filter press described so far is operated as follows:

It is assumed here that the chamber filter press is initially empty, i. that a fresh portion of the filter belt 10 is located in the mud chamber 2. Then, the closing piston 31 are first actuated, so that under the pressure of the springs 27, the sealing strip 21, the mud chamber 2 closes on all sides, so that it is formed between the filter belt 10 and the pressure diaphragm 6. Subsequently, the feeding of the sludge to be dewatered by means of the pump 7 via the collecting line 36 through the sludge inlet 33, wherein the sludge is fed into the sludge chamber 2 at several points. This process is continued, for example, up to a hydrostatic generated by the pump 7 pressure of 5 bar until present in the sludge chamber due to the resulting dewatering a compressible cake. After reaching this definable hydrostatic pressure, the closing valves 37 and the check valve 38 are closed, so that the sludge chamber 2 is closed relative to the pump 7. Subsequently,

17.

which pressurizes the pistons 29 with hydraulic pressure and depending on the substance to be dehydrated within the mud chamber · 2 generates a pressure by advancing the movable pressure plates 9 ".on the direction of the stationary pressure plates 8, which due to the construction can have any desired meaningful height and also accordingly the properties of the substances to be drained without substantial effort, can remain over desired times.

After the desired degree of dewatering has been achieved, either the chamber filter press 1 can then be completely opened and the sludge cake 48 driven out of the sludge chamber 2 by actuation of the drive of the conveyor belt 10 and removed at the discharge 13, or it can - as illustrated for example in FIG. 4 - the sludge cake 48 is still washed and dried after the pressing process.

In this case, the plunger 29 are relieved and lifted the pressure diaphragm 6 by moving the movable pressure plates 9 upwards from the sludge cake, wherein the sealing engagement of the all-round sealing strip 21 is maintained with the filter belt 10. Subsequently, a washing or cleaning medium is introduced through the line 39 by opening the valves 40 in the mud chamber 2 and the sludge cake 48 optionally again squeezed out by pressing the plunger 29. This may optionally be followed by a drying process by introducing compressed air od. Like. Through the line 39.

In the following, reference is made to the embodiments of FIG. 5 to 7 reference.

As shown, in this particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention several - in the embodiment three pieces - KammerfΠterpressen 1 A, B, C, parallel to each other, which are operated simultaneously, but alternately in time to each other.

As shown very schematically in Fig. 7, the chamber filter presses 1A to 1C are connected with their manifolds 36 to a main line 50 which is continuously acted upon by the pressure of the pump 7. A controller 51 is present

B, which controls the shut-off valves 38, the closing valves 37, the high-pressure generator 22 and the drive of the filter belt 10 according to the working cycle of the individual chamber filter presses 1A to 1C such that the sludge supply and discharge of the sludge cake 48 is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers ,

In this case, the mud chamber 2A is just filled with mud and the hydrostatic pressure in the achlammkammer 2A constructed, the closing valves 37 and the check valve 38 are open. At the same time, the chamber press 1B performs its pressing stroke by operation of the high-pressure generators 22, the closing valves 37 and the blocking valve 38 being closed. Furthermore, at the same time, the chamber 'filter press 1C is opened and the sludge cake 48 is conveyed out by moving the filter belt 10, wherein the closing valves 37 and the check valve 38 are still closed. At this time, therefore, only the closing valves 37 and the check valve 38 of the chamber filter press 1A are opened, and they are acted upon by the continuously running pump 7 with hydrostatic pressure. When this pressure in the chamber filter press 1A has reached the predetermined level, the valves 37 and 38 are closed and the chamber filter press 1A begins the pressure stroke by actuation of the pistons 22. At the same time, the chamber filter press 1B opens to the discharge of the sludge cake 48, while continuing at the now empty chamber filter press 1C after re-closing the press by actuation of the closing piston 31, the refilling can begin by the valves 37 and 39 are opened, so that in the main line 50 continuously pending pressure in the chamber filter press 1C begins to take effect.

In the following, a particularly preferred embodiment of the chamber filter press 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 16 and 19 and further below with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18. The embodiment illustrated in these drawing figures is identical to the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 in respect of the essential components and the basic operation, so that due to the use of the same reference numerals for like parts with respect to these details to the above description can be referenced.

In contrast to the embodiment described above, in the embodiment described in FIGS. 8 to 19, a

IP on the one hand the nature of the seal of the pressure membrane 6 with respect to the filter surface 5 and on the other hand, the special design of the guide in the edge region of the mud chamber 2. This explained in more detail below guide can of course be used in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 7.

With regard to the design of the guide at the edges of the mud chamber 2, reference is first made to FIGS. 9 and 19 reference.

As shown, in this embodiment, the movable pressure plates 9 and the sealing ledges 21 are provided with guides generally designated 54 which guide the vertical movement of the pressure diaphragm 6 formed as a rubber blanket 26 and the vertical movement of the movable pressure plates 9.

The guides 54 for the movable pressure plates 9 and the sealing strips 21 are, since the movement of the pressure plates 9 and the sealing strips 21 takes place in the same direction, designed as common guides.

The guides 54 consist of upright pins 55

₂₀ .

and 56, which are fastened in pairs at each end of one of the pressure plates 8 or 9 and which slide in guide bores 57 of the sealing strips 21 and guide bores 58 in the respective other pressure plate 8 or 9. In the embodiment, the pins 55 and 56 are fixed to the lower fixed pressure plates, and the guide bores 58 are formed in the upper movable pressure plates 9.

As can be seen from FIG. 9, a number of guides 54, which likewise consist of the pairs of pins 55 and 56, are likewise provided at the same regular intervals on the two end faces of the mud chamber 2.

Since the pressure diaphragm 6 is preferably formed as a rubber cover 26, the sealing strips 21 are designed to improve the guidance in the vertical direction such that such sliding is possible.

For this purpose, the sealing strips 21 consist of a rigid stiffening strip 59 made of plastic od. Like., Where the stiffening strip 59 may be formed either as the pressure diaphragm 6 surrounding frame or may consist of several items.

Furthermore, the sealing strips 21 consist of a circumferential around the circumference of the pressure diaphragm 6 sealing body 60 made of a flexible material, wherein the stiffening strip 59 on the upper side 61 of the edge region 2 of the pressure membrane 6 and the sealing body 60 of the stiffening strip 59 opposite to the underside 63 of the edge portion 62nd the pressure diaphragm 6 is attached.

As can be seen in Fig. 19, the stiffening strip 59 is glued or welded to the top of the rubber blanket 26 forming the pressure membrane 6, while the sealing body 60 is supported by the opposing stiffening strip 59 on the opposite, i.e. the opposite, stiffener 59. the filter surface 5 facing side of the rubber blanket 26 is welded or glued.

As can be seen from FIG. 9, the sealing strip 21 is formed with an edge 64 projecting over the circumference of the pressure membrane 6, in which the guide bores 57 are arranged. In the area of the guide bores 57, a reinforcement 75 is provided on the underside of the protruding edge 64, so that in the case of the upward and downward movement of the edge region 62 of the pressure membrane 6 described in greater detail below, the guide on the pins 55, 56 in the manner of a takes place on this sliding plastic bushing, which consists of the material of the stiffening strip 59 and the reinforcement 75.

The further essential and deviating from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 7 feature of the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 19, namely the separate drive 73 for the sealing strips 21, with particular reference to Figs. 9 to 16 and 19 described in more detail.

As shown, in this particularly preferred embodiment for the sealing strips 21, a separate, generally designated 73 drive is provided, through which the sealing strips 21 positively controlled up and down are movable.

The drive 73 is formed by a number of arranged on the sealing strips 21 and controllable pressure generator 65, which, in particular Fig. 9, are distributed at regular intervals around the circumference of the pressure membrane 6 above the sealing strips 21. The pressure generators 65 enable the sealing strips 21 to face the upper pressure plate 9, i. can be pressed regardless of their movement in the direction of the filter belt 10 and lifted from this.

In the preferred embodiment, the pressure generators 65 are designed as pneumatic cylinders 66 which can be actuated to open and close the mud chamber 2 by raising and lowering the sealing strips 21.

The pneumatic cylinders are removed from the upper pressure plates 9.

22 ZWZiI

gropes and move with them together. The arrangement is in this case made such that by compression of the remaining in the individual pneumatic cylinders 66 after lowering the sealing strips 21 on the filter belt 10 air during the pressure stroke of the upper pressure plates 9, the sealing pressure is increased.

Consequently, as the pressure in the mud chamber 2 increases, the pressure at which it is sealed is increased at the same time.

As shown, 9 two pneumatic cylinders 66 are provided at each end of an upper pressure plate, wherein at the two pressure plates 9, which form the end faces of the mud chamber 2, a corresponding number of pneumatic cylinders 66 is provided distributed at regular intervals over the length thereof.

As can be seen in particular from Fig. 19, the piston rods 67 of the pneumatic cylinder 66 are pivotally connected to the stiffening strip 59 of the sealing strip by kzyl ii.der 66 a fork is arranged at the free end of the piston rod 67, which via a hinge pin 69 and corresponding Holes the upright leg of a T-piece 7Ό receives, which is mounted on the top of the reinforcing bar 59. The arrangement is in this case made such that the piston rod 67 coincides with the center line of the sealing body 60, so that an optimal pressure distribution during compression of the sealing body 60 is achieved.

Because of this arrangement, therefore, the sealing strip 21 can independently / from the upper pressure plate 9 move up and down, wherein in Fig. 19 in dashed lines the lowered position is illustrated, in which the mud chamber 2 is sealed. Because of this arrangement is achieved on the one hand compared to the first exemplary embodiment, that the hydraulic pressure generator only half the lift height had to perform, since, as shown in Fig. 19, the rubber cover 26 of the pressure diaphragm 6 via the pneumatic cylinder 66 in a completely straight 'stretched Able to be moved

that can. Further, as compared with the first embodiment, it is achieved that a separate lock cylinder is not required in the high-pressure hydraulic generator 22, so that the hydraulic high-pressure generators, as illustrated in Fig. 19, may be formed as a single cylinder 71 having only one up-and-down movable plunger 72 included.

Referring to Figs. 11, 12 and 14 to 16, the operation of this embodiment will be briefly described.

Again, it is assumed that the mud chamber 2 is empty, i.e. that a fresh portion of the filter belt 10 has been run into the mud chamber. After this is the case, first the pneumatic cylinder 66 are pressurized with compressed air, so that the sealing strips 21 are brought into sealing engagement with the filter belt 10 and the mud chamber 2 is sealed on all sides. Subsequently, the feed of the sludge to be dewatered by means of the pump 7 via the collecting line 36 through the sludge inlets 33, wherein the sludge for better distribution through the four sludge inlets 33 shown in Fig. 9 is fed. As in the first exemplary embodiment, this process is continued, for example, up to a pressure of 7 bar generated hydrostatically by the pump 7, whereupon a pressable sludge cake 48 was produced by the dewatering effected thereby. The state of the feed and the generation of the hydrostatic pressure is illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 14.

After this definable hydrostatic pressure has been reached, the closing valves 37 and the check valve 38 are closed, so that the sludge chamber 2 is separated from the pump 7. Thereafter, the plunger 72 are acted upon for downward movement with hydraulic pressure and by moving the movable pressure plates 9 in the direction of the stationary pressure plates 8, a mechanical pressure on the sludge chamber 49 in the mud chamber 49 exerted, which, as in the first embodiment, any desired

can have meaningful height and according to the properties of the substances to be dehydrated without significant effort over desired times can remain. This state is illustrated in FIG. 15 of the drawings, wherein only a section of the edge region of the sludge chamber 2 with the pneumatic cylinders 66 closing the sludge chamber 2 via the sealing strips 21 is shown.

In the downward movement of the movable pressure plates 9 in the direction of the stationary pressure plates 8, the air in the pneumatic cylinders 66 is compressed because, in accordance with the downward movement of the movable pressure plates 9, the piston rods 67 of the pneumatic cylinders 66 are moved into the cylinders. As a result, the pressure exerted by sealing strips 21 sealing pressure is significantly increased.

After reaching the desired degree of dewatering the plunger 72 are first relieved and at the same time the pneumatic cylinder 66 is retracted so that the pressure membrane assumes a planar shape, as shown in Fig. 16. As a result, with little opening of the gap between the pressure plate pairs 8 and 9, the discharge of the sludge cake 48 can now begin. This condition is illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 16.

Should it be necessary to wash the sludge cake again, so instead of the simultaneous retraction of the pneumatic cylinder 66, initially only the pressure of the plunger 72 is relieved and this. Method by appropriate reversal in the open position. Then, via the line 39, a washing or cleaning medium can be introduced into the sludge chamber 2 by opening the valves 40, and the sludge cake 48 can optionally be squeezed out again by actuating the plunger 72.

In any case, after completely opened mud chamber 2, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 16, the filter belt is moved by its drive 74, so that the

I'm too .... .... - - \ j-. ' \ jjf

Mud cake 48 is moved out of the mud chamber 2 and discharged on the discharge 13. At the same time a fresh portion of the filter belt 10 is retracted into the mud chamber '2, so that the \ Torgang can be repeated. ,

In Figs. 17 and 18 is still a Ausflihrungsform shown according to the invention, as it should be built for experimental purposes. As shown, this embodiment according to the embodiment of FIGS. 5 to 7 consists of two superimposed chamber filter presses * 1, which in the same manner as the embodiment described above, can be operated in cycles, so that a nearly continuous operation is possible. Preferably, a control is also to be used here, which controls the cyclic operation of the check valves 38, the closing valves 37, the high-pressure generator 22, the pneumatic cylinder 66 and the drive 74 of the filter belt 10 in accordance with the working cycle of the two chamber filter presses.

It is obvious that, with the pressure pump running continuously, feeding and discharging are continuous but at different levels.

It is also obvious that the chamber filter press according to the invention can be operated either as a single unit discontinuously or continuously in the manner described.

All features and advantages of the invention, including design details and spatial arrangements, which emerge from the description, the claims and the drawings, can be essential to the invention both individually and in any desired combination.

35

Claims (25)

, RATENTANSRRÖCHE 1. A method for dewatering of sludge and similar substances in which the sludge is fed by a pump under pressure into at least one filter surfaces having closed sludge chamber and constructed in the sludge chamber a dehydration inducing hydrostatic pressure, characterized in that after reaching a definable pressure level the sludge chamber is separated from the pump and the volume of the sludge chamber is subsequently reduced and a mechanical dewatering pressure greater than the hydrostatic pressure achieved is generated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter surface with the filter cake is moved out of the mud chamber for conveying the filter cake produced. 3: O: '· O l> 7 4 2 ίJ q 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sludge is pumped in the mud chamber at several points at the same time. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of sludge chambers are operated in parallel and alternately cyclically, that the hydrostatic pressure generating pump driven continuously δ and that the feed is switched to the individual sludge chambers, such that the sludge supply and the discharge of the filter cake is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers. 5. A chamber filter press for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least one closed-loop mud chamber having filter surfaces, the mud chamber having a mud inlet, which is connected via a line to a filtration pressure generating pump, characterized in that the filter surfaces (5) in the mud chamber (2) between stationary and movable pressure plates (8, 9) are arranged and after switching off the pump (7) are mechanically acted upon with pressure. 6 to 14, characterized in that the pressure membrane (6) is connected at least in a central region (23) with the movable pressure plates (9). 6. Chamber filter press according to claim 5, characterized in that the mud chamber (2) has a movable pressure plates (9) containing lid (3) and a stationary pressure plates (8) containing bottom (4), and in that the lid (3) by means of the movable pressure plates (9) relative to the bottom (4) is movable between a closed and an open position. 7. chamber filter press according to claim 5 'or 6, characterized in that the mud chamber (2) from the filter surfaces (5) in the form of a horizontally and rectilinearly intermittently rotating filter belt (10) and a pressure membrane (6), and in that the pressure membrane ( 6) is provided with circumferential sealing strips (21) which rest in the closed-end position sealingly against the filter belt (10). -If- 8. chamber filter press according to claim 7, characterized in that for the movable pressure plates (9) and the sealing strips (21) guides (54) are provided for the vertical movement. 9. chamber filter press according to claim 8, characterized in that the guides (54) for the movable pressure plates (9) and the sealing strips (21) are designed as common guides. 10. chamber filter press according to claim 9, characterized in that the guides (54) a, ls upstanding pins (55, 56) are formed on one of the pressure plates (8 or 9) of a pressure plate pair which in guide bores (57, 58) ' slide the sealing strips (21) and the other pressure plate (9 or 8). 11. chamber filter press according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the sealing strips (21) of a rigid stiffening strip (59) made of plastic od. Like. And one around the circumference of the pressure membrane (6) encircling sealing body (60) made of flexible Material that the stiffening strip (59) on the upper side (61) of the edge region (62) of the pressure membrane (6) and the sealing body (60) of the stiffening strip (59) opposite to the underside (63) of the edge region (62) is attached in that the sealing strip (21) has an edge (64) projecting over the circumference of the pressure membrane (6), and in that the guide bores (57) are formed in the edge (64). 12. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the Filterflä'chen (5, 10) and the pressure diaphragm (6) between the pairwise opposed stationary and movable pressure plates (8, 9) are arranged. 13. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that a plurality of juxtaposed printing plate pairs (8, -9) is provided. 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, 'characterized in that the lower pressure plates are mounted rigidly, and that the upper pressure plates (9) via hydraulic high pressure generator (22) against the lower pressure plates (8) can be fed or vice. versa. 15. Chamber filter press according to one of the preceding claims 16. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that on the contact surface (24) of the sealing strips (21) with the filter belt (10) replaceable wear parts (25) are provided. 17. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 6 to 16, characterized in that the pressure diaphragm (6) as with the sealing strips (21) connected to the rubber blanket (26) is formed. 18. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the sealing strips (21) controlled by a positive drive (73) and are movable up. (26 19. Chamber filter press according to claim 18, characterized gekennzeich- ^ net, that the drive (73) by a number of the sealing strips (21) arranged controllable pressure generators (65) is formed, which the sealing strips (21) relative to the upper pressure plate (9 ) optionally in the direction of the filter belt (10) and lift it off. 20. Chamber filter press according to claim 19, characterized in that the pressure generator (65) as a pneumatic cylinder (66) are formed, which are operable to open and close the mud chamber (2) by raising and lowering the sealing strips (21). 21. Chamber filter press according to claim 20, characterized -jo- net, that the pneumatic cylinder a-n the upper pressure plates (9) are truncated, such that by compression of the air in the pneumatic cylinders (66) air during the pressure stroke of the upper • pressure plates (9), the sealing pressure is increased. 22. Chamber filter press according to claim 21, characterized in that at each end of an upper pressure plate (9) two pneumatic cylinders (66) are provided. 23. Chamber filter press according to claim 22, characterized in that at the end faces of the sludge chamber (2) arranged pressure plates (9) is provided a number of pneumatic cylinders (66) distributed over the length thereof. 24. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the piston rods (67) of the pneumatic cylinder (66) are pivotally connected to the stiffening strip (59) of the sealing strip (21). 25. Chamber filter press according to claim 24, characterized in that the connection of the piston rods (67) with the stiffening strip (59) of the center line of the sealing body (60) is arranged opposite. 25. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that the hydraulic high pressure generator (22) as a single cylinder (71) with a plunger (72) are formed. 27. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the sealing strips (21) in the direction of the filter belt (10) are spring-biased. 28. Chamber filter press according to claim 27, characterized in that the sealing strips (21) acting on springs (27) are supported on the movable pressure plates (9), such that at the same time the Dichtdruqk increases during the pressure stroke is. -Ji- 29. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 5 to 28, characterized in that the hydraulic high pressure generator (22) connect the stationary pressure plates (8) with the movable pressure plates (9) to closed frame (52). 30. Chamber filter press according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the hydraulic high pressure generator (22) as a double cylinder (28) are formed. 31. Kammerfilterpressenach claim 30, characterized in that in each double cylinder (28), a piston (29) as a pressing piston and a second piston (31) is designed as a closing piston. 32. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 5 to 31, characterized in that the mud chamber (2) has a plurality of sludge inlets (33). 33. Chamber filter press according to claim 32, characterized in that the sludge inlets (33) in the central axis (34) of the Pressure diaphragm (6) are arranged. 34. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 32 or 33, characterized in that the sludge inlets (33) via a respective connecting line (35) with a manifold (36) are connected. 35. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 32 to 34, characterized in that the Schlatameinlässe (33) closing valves (37) and the manifold (36) have a check valve (38). 36. Chamber filter press according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 35, characterized in that in the pressure membrane (6) one or more, via valves (40) controlled outlets (41) of a conduit (39) are provided for a washing or cleaning medium. - 31 ' 37. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 6 to 36, characterized in that in the mud chamber (2) between the filter belt (10) and the lower pressure plates (8) a • plate (45) is provided with upwardly open filtrate channels (46) . 38. Chamber filter press according to claim 37, characterized in that the plate (45) consists of a low-friction plastic. 39. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 18 to 26 and 31 to 37, characterized in that a plurality of chamber filter presses (1) are provided parallel to each other, that the manifolds (36) of the chamber filter presses (1) are connected to a main line (50) the main line (50) is continuously supplied with the pressure of the pump (7), and that a control (51) is provided, which the check valves (38), the closing valves (37), the high pressure generator (22), the pneumatic cylinder (66 ) and the drive of the filter belt (10) according to the operating cycle of the individual chamber filter presses (1) controls such that the sludge supply and the discharge of the filter cake is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers (2). (40 40. Chamber filter press according to one of claims 6 to 38, characterized in that a plurality of chamber filter presses (1) are provided parallel to each other, that the manifolds (36) of the chamber filter presses (1) to a main line (50) are connected, that the main line (50) is continuously supplied with the pressure of the pump (7), and that a controller (51) is provided, which the check valves (38), the closing valves (37), the high pressure generator (22) and the drive of the filter belt (10 ) in accordance with the working cycle of the individual chamber filter presses (1) controls such that the sludge supply and the discharge of the filter cake is quasi-continuous, but from different sludge chambers (2). r eason