DE505459C - Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons from oxides of carbon and hydrogen - Google Patents

Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons from oxides of carbon and hydrogen

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Publication number
DE505459C
DE505459C DEI28474D DEI0028474D DE505459C DE 505459 C DE505459 C DE 505459C DE I28474 D DEI28474 D DE I28474D DE I0028474 D DEI0028474 D DE I0028474D DE 505459 C DE505459 C DE 505459C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
carbon
oxides
hydrocarbons
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI28474D
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr Wilhelm Haller
Dr Gustav Wielzel
Dr Rudolf Wielzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI28474D priority Critical patent/DE505459C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE505459C publication Critical patent/DE505459C/en
Priority to FR790604D priority patent/FR790604A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C209/60—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by condensation or addition reactions, e.g. Mannich reaction, addition of ammonia or amines to alkenes or to alkynes or addition of compounds containing an active hydrogen atom to Schiff's bases, quinone imines, or aziranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/152—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/153—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used
    • C07C29/156—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals, platinum group metals or compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/2381—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyamides; polyamide-esters; polyurethane, polyureas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur katalytischen Herstellung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs und Wasserstoff Die Bildung von gasförmigen, flüssigen und festen Kohlenwasserstoffen aus den Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs und Wasserstoff oder Wasserstoff abgebenden Gasen erfolgt unter großer Wärmeentwicklung. Diese Wärmeentwicklung hat den Nachteil, daß sie die Temperatur des reagierenden Gasgemisches und des Katalysators stark erhöht, wodurch häufig Nebenreaktionen, wie z. B. Kohlenstoffabscheidung, eintreten, durch die der Katalysator schnell unwirksam wird. Da ferner bei zu hohen Temperaturen das Gleichgewicht stark zuungunsten des gewünschten Produktes verschoben ist, so ist es nicht möglich, bei einmaligem Überleiten im technischen Betrieb einen großen Umsatz, z. B. hochprozentiges Methan, zu erhalten.Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons Oxides of carbon and hydrogen The formation of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons from the oxides of carbon and hydrogen or Gases emitting hydrogen take place with great heat development. This heat development has the disadvantage that it controls the temperature of the reacting gas mixture and the catalyst greatly increased, which often causes side reactions such. B. carbon deposition, occur, through which the catalyst quickly becomes ineffective. Since, furthermore, at too high Temperatures shifted the equilibrium strongly to the disadvantage of the desired product is, it is not possible to have a one-time transition in technical operation large sales, e.g. B. high percentage methane to get.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man diesen Nachteil vermeiden und die bei dem Umsatz entstehende Wärme in hochwertiger Weise nutzbar machen kann, wenn man den Reaktionsraum derart - mit einem Erzeuger von Hochdruckdampf verbindet, daß eine Wärmeübertragung zwischen beiden stattfindet. Es kann dies z. B. dadurch geschehen, daß der Katalysator in Rohren gelagert ist, die sich in einem Hochdruckdampfkessel befinden, oder daß der Kontaktraum von röhrenförmigen Dampferzeugern durchsetzt ist, oder auf ähnliche Weise. Man kann z. B. auch den Wärmeaustausch zwischen Kontaktraum und Dampferzeuger indirekt vor sich gehen lassen, indem man beispielsweise ein mit dem Katalysator angefülltes Röhrensystem und den Dampferzeuger in einem gemeinsamen Metallbad unterbringt. Die Druckhöhe des zu entwickelnden Dampfes wird zweckmäßig so gehalten, daß sie einer Temperatur entspricht, bei der der verwendete Katalysator anspricht.It has now been found that you can avoid this disadvantage and at the heat generated in sales can be used in a high-quality manner if one the reaction chamber in such a way - connects to a generator of high pressure steam that heat transfer takes place between the two. It can do this e.g. B. happen by that the catalyst is stored in tubes, which are located in a high pressure steam boiler are located, or that the contact space is penetrated by tubular steam generators is, or in a similar way. You can z. B. also the heat exchange between the contact space and steam generators go indirectly by, for example, using a The pipe system filled with the catalyst and the steam generator in one joint Accommodates metal bath. The pressure level of the vapor to be developed becomes appropriate kept so that it corresponds to a temperature at which the catalyst used appeals to.

Es ist ein Verfahren zur katalytischen Herstellung von Kohlenwasserstoffen u. a. aus Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs und Wasserstoff bekannt geworden, bei dem der Kessel, in dem der bei der Herstellung des umzusetzenden Gasgemisches benutzte Wasserdampf erzeugt wird, mit dem Reaktionsgefäß durch eine Rohrleitung in Verbindung steht. Hierbei handelt es sich indessen weder um einen Erzeuger von Hochdruckdampf, wie bei dem Verfahren gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, noch findet eine Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Reaktionsgefäß und dem Dampferzeuger statt. Der in letzterem erzeugte Dampfdruck soll bei dem bekannten Verfahren genügen, um den Gasen und Dämpfen den Durchgang durch die Apparatur zu ermöglichen, und die bei der Umsetzung entstehende Wärme wird nicht im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung nutzbar gemacht, sondern der Dampferzeuger wird durch eine besondere Kohlen- oder Gasheizung betrieben.It is a process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons i.a. from oxides of carbon and hydrogen, in which the Boiler in which the water vapor used in the production of the gas mixture to be converted is generated, communicates with the reaction vessel through a pipeline. However, this is neither a generator of high pressure steam, such as in the method according to the present invention, there is still heat transfer between the reaction vessel and the steam generator. The one generated in the latter In the known method, vapor pressure should be sufficient to remove the gases and vapors To allow passage through the apparatus, and that resulting from the implementation Heat is not made usable in the context of the present invention, but rather the Steam generator is made by a special coal or gas heater operated.

Beispiel i Man verwendet einen Dampfkessel, wie er in beiliegender Zeichnung dargestellt ist. In diesem Kessel wird Dampf von 17 Atm. erzeugt, der eine Temperatur von 2o5° besitzt. Bei B tritt ein Kohlenoxyd-Wasserstoff-Gemisch in den Ofen ein und geht durch die mit Katalysatoren, z. B. aktiviertem Nickel, gefüllten Rohre A. Bei C verläßt das Gas den Kessel. Die bei der Umsetzung des Gasgemisches zu Methan frei werdende Wärme wird zur Erzeugung von Hochdruckdampf benutzt, welcher bei D abgeführt wird; bei G wird das Kesselspeisewasser eingepumpt. E bedeutet den Wasserstandsanzeiger und F die Verbindung mit dem Sicherheitsventil. Durch den Stutzen G können vor der Ingangsetzung der Reaktion z. B. überhitzter Wasserdampf oder überhitzte Gase eingeleitet werden, um die Kontaktmasse auf die erforderliche Temperatur zu bringen, falls die umzusetzenden Gase nicht selbst schon hinreichend erhitzt sind.Example i A steam boiler is used, as shown in the enclosed Drawing is shown. In this boiler there is steam of 17 atm. generated who has a temperature of 2o5 °. At B there is a mixture of carbon and hydrogen in the oven and goes through the with catalysts, z. B. activated nickel, filled pipes A. At C the gas leaves the boiler. The implementation of the gas mixture Heat released to methane is used to generate high pressure steam, which is discharged at D; at G the boiler feed water is pumped in. E means that Water level indicator and F the connection with the safety valve. Through the nozzle G can before starting the reaction z. B. superheated steam or superheated Gases are introduced to the contact mass to the required temperature bring, if the gases to be converted are not already sufficiently heated.

In dieser Apparatur und unter den genannten Bedingungen läßt sich die Darstellung von Methan aus Kohlenoxyd und Wasserstoff mit aktiviertem Nickel als Katalysator ohne Störung, weder durch Überhitzung noch durch Erlöschen der Kontaktmasse infolge zu großer Abkühlung, ausführen. Beispiel 2 In die Rohre A der in Beispiel i beschriebenen Apparatur wird eine Zoo Teile Eisen, q.o Teile Kobalt, ioo Teile Kupfer und i Teil Natrium enthaltende Kontaktmasse gefüllt, die durch getrenntes Fällen entsprechender Mengen Eisen, Kobalt und Kupfer aus entsprechenden Metallsalzlösungen mit äquivalenten Mengen Ammoniak, Absaugen und Auswaschen der Niederschläge, Vereinigen dieser und Tränken mit wenig Natriumkarbonat hergestellt ist. Nach vorsichtiger Reduktion der Kontaktmasse wird durch die Rohre gereinigtes Wassergas unter einem Druck von 7o Atm. geleitet, nachdem der Dampfkessel zunächst in der im Beispiel i angegebenen Weise auf eine Leistung von etwa 7o Atm. Wasserdampf gebracht worden ist, was einer Temperatur von etwa 28o° entspricht. Aus dem die Apparatur verlassenden Gas lassen sich in dauerndem Betrieb Benzine, in der Hauptsache ungesättigter Art, außerdem niedere Olefine, die etwa 2 bis 3'/" des Abgases ausmachen, gewinnen. Überhitzungen der Kontaktmasse treten nicht ein. Entsprechend den aus dem Dampfkessel entweichenden Wasserdampfmengen wird frisches Wasser zugepumpt.In this apparatus and under the conditions mentioned, can the representation of methane from carbon oxide and hydrogen with activated nickel as a catalyst without interference, neither by overheating nor by extinguishing the contact mass due to excessive cooling. Example 2 In the pipes A of the example The apparatus described i will be a zoo parts iron, q.o parts cobalt, ioo parts Copper and i part of sodium-containing contact compound filled by separated Precipitation of appropriate amounts of iron, cobalt and copper from appropriate metal salt solutions with equivalent amounts of ammonia, suction and washing out of the precipitates, combine this and soaking is made with a little sodium carbonate. After more careful Reduction of the contact mass is purified water gas under a through the pipes Pressure of 7o atm. after the steam boiler is first in the example i stated to a power of about 70 atm. Steam has been brought is, which corresponds to a temperature of about 28o °. From the one leaving the apparatus Gas can be gasoline in continuous operation, mainly unsaturated, in addition, lower olefins, which make up about 2 to 3 '/ "of the exhaust gas, win. Overheating the contact ground do not occur. According to those escaping from the steam boiler Fresh water is pumped into the water vapor.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur katalytischen Herstellung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus den Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs und aus Wasserstoff oder Wasserstoff abgebenden Gasen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kontaktraum derart mit einem Erzeuger von Hochdruckdampf verbunden ist, daß eine Wärmeübertragung zwischen beiden stattfindet.PATENT CLAIM: Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons from the oxides of carbon and from hydrogen or hydrogen donating Gases, characterized in that the contact space with a generator of High pressure steam is connected that a heat transfer takes place between the two.
DEI28474D 1926-07-06 1926-07-06 Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons from oxides of carbon and hydrogen Expired DE505459C (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI28474D DE505459C (en) 1926-07-06 1926-07-06 Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons from oxides of carbon and hydrogen
FR790604D FR790604A (en) 1926-07-06 1935-05-28 Temperature regulating device for gas treatment devices in the presence of contact materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI28474D DE505459C (en) 1926-07-06 1926-07-06 Process for the catalytic production of hydrocarbons from oxides of carbon and hydrogen

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DE505459C true DE505459C (en) 1930-08-19

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FR (1) FR790604A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE764767C (en) * 1937-07-31 1953-01-19 Studien Und Verwertungs G M B Process for the production of solid paraffin from carbon oxide and hydrogen
DE755822C (en) * 1938-12-16 1953-06-01 Steinkohlenbergwerk Rheinpreus Process for the production of iron-copper catalysts
DE881498C (en) * 1937-10-22 1953-06-29 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the production of solid and liquid hydrocarbons
DE762320C (en) * 1935-11-19 1953-11-23 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the production of hydrocarbons or their oxygen-containing derivatives by reacting oxides of carbon with hydrogen
DE763553C (en) * 1937-09-04 1953-12-07 Mannesmann Ag Heat exchange device for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons
DE767839C (en) * 1939-03-29 1954-01-18 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the catalytic conversion of carbon oxide-hydrogen mixtures to hydrocarbons
DE921022C (en) * 1952-03-16 1954-12-06 Basf Ag Process for carrying out hydrogenation reactions
DE1076630B (en) * 1956-09-18 1960-03-03 American Cyanamid Co Process and device for temperature control in tube bundle contact ovens by cooling gas and water vapor injection

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE948781C (en) * 1952-10-05 1956-09-06 Rheinpreussen Ag Reaction apparatus for carrying out exothermic or endothermic gas reactions

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE762320C (en) * 1935-11-19 1953-11-23 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the production of hydrocarbons or their oxygen-containing derivatives by reacting oxides of carbon with hydrogen
DE764767C (en) * 1937-07-31 1953-01-19 Studien Und Verwertungs G M B Process for the production of solid paraffin from carbon oxide and hydrogen
DE763553C (en) * 1937-09-04 1953-12-07 Mannesmann Ag Heat exchange device for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons
DE881498C (en) * 1937-10-22 1953-06-29 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the production of solid and liquid hydrocarbons
DE755822C (en) * 1938-12-16 1953-06-01 Steinkohlenbergwerk Rheinpreus Process for the production of iron-copper catalysts
DE767839C (en) * 1939-03-29 1954-01-18 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the catalytic conversion of carbon oxide-hydrogen mixtures to hydrocarbons
DE921022C (en) * 1952-03-16 1954-12-06 Basf Ag Process for carrying out hydrogenation reactions
DE1076630B (en) * 1956-09-18 1960-03-03 American Cyanamid Co Process and device for temperature control in tube bundle contact ovens by cooling gas and water vapor injection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR790604A (en) 1935-11-25

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