DE421265C - Guide or impeller blade for centrifugal machines, especially water, steam or gas turbines, with the smallest hydraulic resistance - Google Patents
Guide or impeller blade for centrifugal machines, especially water, steam or gas turbines, with the smallest hydraulic resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- DE421265C DE421265C DEA40026D DEA0040026D DE421265C DE 421265 C DE421265 C DE 421265C DE A40026 D DEA40026 D DE A40026D DE A0040026 D DEA0040026 D DE A0040026D DE 421265 C DE421265 C DE 421265C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- hydraulic resistance
- guide
- gas turbines
- impeller blade
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
Leit- oder Laufradschaufel für Kreiselmaschinen, insbesondere Wasser-, Dampf-oder Gasturbinen, mit kleinstem hydraulischen Widerstand. Es sind vielfache Versuche bekannt, füx die Hüllflächen von Leitvorrichtungen und Schaufeln von Turbinen und Kreiselpumpen, Propellern und Schiffsschrauben. Formen kleinsten hydraulischen Widerstandes zu findem und diese Formen durch mathematische Gleichungen festzulegen. Im besonderen ist ermittelt worden, daß eine Stetigkeit des überganges der Krümmungsradien vorhanden. sein muß, daß am Schaufelende eine Umkehrspitze zweckmäßig und daß zwischen. den Punkten der größten Höhe und der hinteren Spitze eine Wendetangente von Vorteil ist.Guide or impeller blade for centrifugal machines, in particular water, steam or gas turbines, with the lowest possible hydraulic resistance. Numerous attempts are known for the enveloping surfaces of guide devices and blades of turbines and centrifugal pumps, propellers and ship's propellers. To find forms of smallest hydraulic resistance and to determine these forms by means of mathematical equations. In particular, it has been determined that the transition of the radii of curvature is continuous. it must be that a reversal tip is expedient at the end of the blade and that between. the points of greatest height and the rear tip is an inflectional tangent of advantage.
Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist eine Schaufel :dieser Art, an, welcher diese im einzelnen bekannten Merkmale vereinigt sind und die, symmetrisch zu einer Mittelachse angeordnet, den kleinsten Widerstand tatsächlich aufweist. Ihre Kennzeichen bestehen darin, daß der Meridianschnitt der Umhüllungsfläche symmetrisch zu einer Mittelachse liegt und durch die Gleichung bestimmt ist. In dieser Gleichung bedeutenx und y die Koordinaten irgendeines Kurvenpunktes in einem kartesischen Koordinatensystem und a und b beliebige Konstanten, welche die Abmessungen der Schaufeln. bestimmen.The subject of this invention is a blade: of this type, which combines these individually known features and which, arranged symmetrically to a central axis, actually has the lowest resistance. Their characteristics are that the meridional section of the envelope surface is symmetrical to a central axis and by the equation is determined. In this equation, x and y denote the coordinates of some curve point in a Cartesian coordinate system and a and b denote any constants which the dimensions of the blades. determine.
:Auf der Zeichnung sind Formen von Schaufeln nach der Erfindung beispielsweise veranschaulicht.: In the drawing, shapes of blades according to the invention are for example illustrated.
Abb. i zeigt geometrische Beziehungen, auf Grund ;welcher die Meridiankurve der Schaufeln konstruiert werden kann, und Abb. 2 und 3 zeigen verschiedene Schaufelformen.Fig. I shows geometrical relationships on the basis of which the meridian curve of the blades can be constructed, and Figures 2 and 3 show different blade shapes.
Die geometrische Interpretation der angegebenen Gleichung in einem kartesischen Koordinatensystem zeigt, daB die durch diese Gleichung dargestellte Kurve für die Abszisse x = o zu einer Umkehrspitze mit horizontaler Tangente wird. Für die Abszisse x = a wird die Ordinate y = b und für die Abszisse x =2a wird die Ordinate y = o, und die Kurve hat in diesem Punkte eine vertikale Tangente. Die Kurve erreicht ein Maximum für die Abszisse x = i, 5 ,a, und die dazugehörige maximale Ordinate hat einen. Wert Die Tangente der Kurve für die Abszisse x =a geht durch den o-Punkt des Ordinaten= systems. Der Abszisse entspricht ein Wendepunkt der Kurve, und es ist die Wendepunktstangente dargestellt durch Die Neigung der - Wendepunktstangente zur x-Achse ist wesentlich für die Größte des hydraulischen Widerstandes, welchen die Schaufeln der strömenden Flüssigkeit bietet, und zwar ist es erforderlich, um einen. möglichst kleinen hydraulischen Widerstand zu erhalten, die Neigung dieser Wendepunktstangente mit der Gröle der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zu verändern. Es sollte also für jede Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ein anderes Achsenverhältnis gewählt werden.The geometric interpretation of the given equation in a Cartesian coordinate system shows that the curve represented by this equation becomes a reversal point with a horizontal tangent for the abscissa x = o. For the abscissa x = a , the ordinate becomes y = b and for the abscissa x = 2a the ordinate becomes y = o, and the curve has a vertical tangent at this point. The curve reaches a maximum for the abscissa x = i, 5, a, and the associated maximum ordinate has one. value The tangent of the curve for the abscissa x = a goes through the o-point of the ordinate = system. The abscissa corresponds to an inflection point of the curve, and the inflection point tangent is represented by The inclination of the inflection point tangent to the x-axis is essential for the greatest of the hydraulic resistance offered by the blades of the flowing liquid, namely it is necessary to one. To obtain the smallest possible hydraulic resistance, the inclination of this inflection point tangent to change with the magnitude of the flow velocity. So there should be a different axis ratio for each flow velocity to get voted.
Die angegebene Gleichung kann auch auf Zylinderkoordinaten umgeformt werden, wenn an Stelle der x-Achse ein Kreisbogen gewählt wird, wobei dann. die y-Achse zum Radiusvektor wird. Es ist auf diese Weise möglich, die Funktion auf Schaufelschnitte mit beliebig gekrümmter Mittellinie anzuwenden. Schaufeln der beschriebenen Art lassen sich sowohl als Leit- wie auch Laufschaufeln bei Kreiselmaschinen beliebiger Art, insbesondere aber bei Wasser-, Dampf- und Gasturbinen, verwenden.The given equation can also be converted to cylindrical coordinates if a circular arc is selected instead of the x-axis, where then. the y-axis becomes the radius vector. It is possible in this way to function on Use shovel cuts with any curved center line. Shovels of the described Kind can be used as guide vanes as well as rotating blades in centrifugal machines Art, but especially for water, steam and gas turbines.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH104164T | 1923-05-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE421265C true DE421265C (en) | 1925-11-09 |
Family
ID=4362987
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEA40026D Expired DE421265C (en) | 1923-05-17 | 1923-05-29 | Guide or impeller blade for centrifugal machines, especially water, steam or gas turbines, with the smallest hydraulic resistance |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT99553B (en) |
CH (1) | CH104164A (en) |
DE (1) | DE421265C (en) |
FR (1) | FR580271A (en) |
GB (1) | GB216113A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3722839A1 (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1990-02-08 | Blauer Miklos Zoltan Dipl Masc | Ideal streamlined body |
CN110925127A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-27 | 薛冻 | Novel water flow generator |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0510417D0 (en) | 2005-05-21 | 2005-06-29 | Rotech Holdings Ltd | Improved turbine |
CN102011672B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-25 | 清华大学 | Mixed flow turbine employing novel guide blade and runner blade profile |
-
1923
- 1923-05-17 CH CH104164D patent/CH104164A/en unknown
- 1923-05-29 DE DEA40026D patent/DE421265C/en not_active Expired
-
1924
- 1924-03-29 AT AT99553D patent/AT99553B/en active
- 1924-04-18 FR FR580271D patent/FR580271A/en not_active Expired
- 1924-04-26 GB GB10371/24A patent/GB216113A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3722839A1 (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1990-02-08 | Blauer Miklos Zoltan Dipl Masc | Ideal streamlined body |
CN110925127A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-03-27 | 薛冻 | Novel water flow generator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR580271A (en) | 1924-11-04 |
AT99553B (en) | 1925-04-10 |
CH104164A (en) | 1924-06-16 |
GB216113A (en) | 1924-10-09 |
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