DE4127516A1 - Mixt. of N-alkyl:phthalimide - Google Patents

Abstract

Mixt. comprises N-(n-propyl)-phthalimide (3-14 wt.%), N-(sec-C4-6-alkyl)-phthalimide (8+70 wt.%) and N-(n-4-6Calkyl)-phthalimide (55-80wt.%) and an emulsifier. Emulsifier may be anionic or non-ionic emulsifier(s), such as that prepd. form a partially sulphated addn. prod. of ethyleneoxide and alkylphenol-formaldehyde condensn. prod. mixed with a non-sulphated starting material, or a lipophilic non-ionic emulsifying assistant. Also included may be an oil-soluble fatty acid-(1-4C alkyl)ester having 12-24 C atoms in the fatty acid radical. Anionic emulsifiers pref. include partially carboxymethylated, phosphated or sulphated polyalkyleneglycolethers of a hydrocarbon mono- or polyol having 10C atoms per OH gp., or a sulphate, phosphate or carboxymethylated deriv. of a sorbitan or glycerine fatty acid ester, where the fatty acid radical has 12-24C atoms, or of a polyalkylenemglycolether, or is a 12-24C hydrocarbon sulphonic acid. Non-ionic emulsifier is a polyalkyleneglycolether of a hydrocarbon-mono- or polyol contg. 10 or more C atoms per OH gp., or a sorbitan or glycerine fatty acid ester having 12-24C atoms in the fatty radical, or a polyalkyleneglycolether. Ratio of emulsifiers:phthalimide is 5-20 wt.%, and the ratio of emulsifier to oil-soluble fatty acid ester is 95-40 to 5-60. Compsn. is free of other phthalimides.

Description

Low molecular weight N-alkyl phthalimides are used as carriers in dyeing or optical brightening of fiber materials with disperse dyes or Dispersion brighteners use and are advantageous in the form of liquid, used in water emulsifiable preparations. For transportation and storage of such preparations is the stability among different Temperature conditions of great importance. For the application is the highest possible content of active substance compared to any Emulsifiers desired in the preparation.

It has now been found that certain N-alkyl phthalimide mixtures, as below defined, and in particular free from others (i.e. from lower and of higher and of other branched) N-alkylphthalimides are surprising are well emulsifiable, taking preparations that are in a very wide temperature range remain stable and stand out due to an excellent Characterize effectiveness as a carrier, can be produced.

The invention relates to the N-alkylphthalimide mixtures defined below. Preparations containing these mixtures and the use thereof as Carrier (dye carrier).

The invention relates to an N-alkylphthalimide mixture (P) consisting essentially of:
(a) N- (n-propyl) phthalimide,
(b) N- (sec.C₄-C₆-alkyl) phthalimide
and (c) N- (n-C₄-C₆-alkyl) phthalimide,
wherein the weight ratio (a) / (P) is in the range of 3/100 to 14/100.

Components (b) are primarily N- (butyl-2) -phthalimide, N- (pentyl-  2) -phthalimide and N- (hexyl-2) -phthalimide, including the N- (Butyl-2) phthalimide is preferred.

Components (c) are N- (n-hexyl) phthalimide, N- (n-pentyl) phthalimide and N- (n-butyl) phthalimide, including the latter two are preferred, in particular N- (n-butyl) phthalimide.

The weight ratio (a) / (P) is advantageously in the range from 3/100 to 12/100, especially 5/100 to 11/100.

The weight ratio (b) / (c) is advantageously in the range from 1/10 to 4/1, primarily below 2.5 / 1, preferably below 1/1, in particular in the range of 1/4 to 1 / 1.3.

The weight ratio (b) / (P) is advantageously in the range from 8/100 to 70/100, preferably 15/100 to 42/100.

The weight ratio (c) / (P) is advantageously in the range from 55/100 to 80/100, preferably 55/100 to 72/100.

These mixtures (P) can be mixed by mixing the individual components or by synthesis of the imides in the presence of one another known way, e.g. B. starting from phthalic anhydride or phthalic esters and the corresponding amines.

The phthalimides can e.g. B. from an incomplete implementation and / or from side reactions, possibly small amounts of carboxy groups and / or (if starting from phthalic anhydride) optionally contain unreacted anhydride, mainly 5 mol%, in particular 2 mol% of the total imides. The above as (a), (b) and (c) Phthalimides also include such susceptible by-products.

The mixtures (P) are in particular free of lower or higher N-alkylphthalimides as well as of other branched N-alkylphthalimides. A possibly resulting from impurities in the starting products Content of up to 2% by weight, preferably ≦ ωτ1% by weight, of lower and / or higher N-alkylphthalimides and / or up to 5% by weight, preferably ≦ ωτ2.5% by weight, in particular ≦ ωτ1% by weight, of differently branched N-alkylphthalimides  in each of (a), (b) and (c) can still be tolerated are and are included in the definition of (a), (b) and (c).

The mixtures (P) according to the invention are used as carriers. For this purpose, they are advantageously combined with an emulsifying system (E), to facilitate their dispersibility in water in emulsified form, and another object of the invention are preparations (U) which are characterized by a content of (P) and (E) but free of other phthalimides.

Suitable emulsifying systems (E) are generally emulsifiers (e) which are preferably at least partially anionic and are optionally combined with emulsifying aids (h):
The emulsifying system (E) preferably contains at least one emulsifier (e); (e) is preferred
(e₁) at least one anionic emulsifier
optionally in a mixture with
(e₂) at least one non-ionic emulsifier.

Any anionic emulsifiers are generally suitable as (e 1) e.g. B. as mentioned in DE 29 41 763 C2 under (b) or as in the Patents DE 23 06 104 C3, DE 32 46 383 C2 and DE 32 47 400 C2 described, to which reference is expressly made here.

Preferably (e₁)
(e₁₁) an at least partially carboxymethylated, phosphated or sulfated polyalkylene glycol ether of a hydrocarbon mono- or polyol with an average of at least 10 carbon atoms per hydroxyl group of the mono- or polyol,
(e₁₂) a sulfate, phosphate or carboxymethyl derivative of a sorbitan or glycerol fatty acid ester, in which the fatty residue contains 12 to 24 carbon atoms, or a polyalkylene glycol ether thereof,
or
(e₁₃) a C₁₂-₂₄ hydrocarbon sulfonic acid,
where the carboxy, phosphate or sulfo groups are optionally in salt form,
or a mixture of such surfactants.

Any non-ionic emulsifiers are generally suitable as (e₂), e.g. B. oxalylation products as in German Patent DE 29 41 763 C2 mentioned under (e) or also oxyalkylation products of higher molecular weight Polyols, in particular oxyalkylated novolaks or mixed novolaks such as these e.g. B. in the German patents DE 23 06 104 C3, DE 32 46 383 C2 and DE 32 47 400 C2 are described as intermediates. To the above German patents are expressly referred to here.

Preferably (e₂)
(e₂₁) a polyalkylene glycol ether of a hydrocarbon mono- or polyol with an average of at least 10 carbon atoms per hydroxyl group of the mono- or polyol
or
(e₂₂) a sorbitan or glycerol fatty acid ester in which the fatty residue contains 12 to 24 carbon atoms, or a polyalkylene glycol ether thereof,
or a mixture of such surfactants.

The polyalkylene glycol ethers in (e₁₁), (e₂₁), (e₁₂) and (e₂₂) are advantageous Polyethylene glycol ether, which may have a smaller proportion May contain propyleneoxy, butyleneoxy and / or styreneoxy units; the polyalkylene glycol ethers are preferably exclusively polyethylene glycol ethers.

The following polyalkylene glycol ethers can be mentioned as (e₂₁):
(e₂₁₁) polyalkylene glycol ether of fatty alcohols with 12 to 24 carbon atoms,
(e₂₁₂) polyalkylene glycol ether of mono- or dialkylphenols with 12 to 24, preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms in the mono- or dialkylphenyl radical
and
(e₂₁₃) polyalkylene glycol ether of simple or oligomeric, methylene-bridged, novolak-like condensates of mono- or dialkylphenols, each containing 10 to 24, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms per molecule of mono- or dialkylphenol, and optionally lower alkylphenols (e.g. Cresols), with formaldehyde.

The degree of oxyethylation is advantageously in the range from 4 to 50, preferably 4 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per val of alkylphenol and / or fatty alcohol.

The following are particularly suitable as (e₂₂):
(e₂₂₁) mono- or diesters of sorbitan or glycerin, in which the ester-forming fatty acid residues can be saturated or unsaturated, in particular monoethylenically unsaturated (e.g. lauroyl, palmitoyl, myristoyl, oleoyl, stearoyl or arachidoyl), primarily sorbitan monostearate, sorb Sorbitan monolaurate and partially hydrolyzed fatty acid triglycerides,
(e₂₂₂) polyethylene glycol ether of (e₂₂₁) with an average of 4 to 40 ethyleneoxy units per hydroxyl group of the starting material,
and
(e₂₂₃) polyethylene glycol ether of fatty acid glycerides containing ricinol groups, in particular triglycerides, preferably addition products of 8 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide onto one mole of triglyceride containing ricinol groups.

As (e₁₁) come preferably the carboxymethylated, phosphated or  sulfated derivatives of the corresponding surfactants mentioned under (e₂₁), in particular of (e₂₁₁), (e₂₁₂) and (e₂₁₃).

As (e₁₂) preferably the corresponding sulfated, phosphated or carboxymethylated derivatives of the products mentioned under (e₂₂), in particular of (e₂₂₁), (e₂₂₂) and (e₂₂₃) into consideration.

As (e₁₃) are preferably alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, mainly Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

Among the carboxymethylated, phosphated or sulfated derivatives in (e₁₁) and (e₁₂) the sulfates are preferred.

The carboxy, sulfo and phosphato groups can be in the form of the acid groups or in salt form, in particular as -COOM, -SO₃M or -O-PO₃ (M) ₂, where M is hydrogen or a cation, preferably an alkali metal cation (especially lithium , Sodium or potassium), an equivalent of an alkaline earth metal cation (especially magnesium or calcium) or an ammonium cation [especially unsubstituted ammonium, mono-, di- or tri- (C₂-₃-alkanol) -ammonium or C₃-₆-alkylammonium]. In the preferred sulfates, M is preferably -NH ₄ ⁺.

The weight ratio (e₂) / (e₁) is advantageously in the range of 0/100 to 90/10, preferably 0/100 to 40/60. If (e₂₂) and / or a polyalkylene glycol ether a monoalcohol (e₂₁) mixed with (e₁₃), (e₁₂) or a carboxymethylated, phosphated or sulfated polyalkylene glycol ether a mono alcohol (e₁₁) are used Weight ratio (e₂) / (e₁) advantageously in the range from 20/80 to 90/10.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, such surfactants (E) used, which are obtainable in that the polyalkylene glycol ether mentioned the polyols, especially the novolak-like condensates (e₂₁₃), preferably only partially sulfated, phosphated or carboxymethylated are, in particular 10 to 70 mol%, particularly preferably to 12 to 25 mol%. These partially anionically modified derivatives of Products (e₂₁₃) are hereinafter referred to as (e₃). The special preferred, from 12 to 25 mol% sulfated addition products from 4 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide to a val oligomeric condensation product containing methylene bridges  of alkylphenol and formaldehyde are hereinafter referred to as (e₃₁) designated.

Are as (e), (e₃) or (e₃₁) corresponding, partially anionically modified Polyalkylene glycol ether of hydrocarbon polyols, in particular of oligomeric condensates as described above, then these are advantageously those as in DE 23 06 104 C3 in DE 32 46 383 C2 or in DE 32 47 400 C2 with the respective ones there Formulas (I) illustrated and described in the examples, the partially anionically modified products - especially (e₃₁) - by the statistical distribution of the anionic groups, optionally in Mixture with non-anionically modified starting product (e₂₁₃) are present can.

The emulsifying system (E) or the preparation (U) according to the invention advantageously contains in addition to emulsifier (e) or in addition to (P) + (e),
(h) at least one lipophilic non-ionic emulsifying aid.

Oil-soluble polar products are advantageously considered as (h), preferably Oil-soluble fatty acid (C₁-₄-alkyl) esters with 12 to 24 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue or a mixture of such esters. As fatty acid residues in these esters, the above-mentioned in particular come in Consider, as well as the acyl residues of technical fatty acids, especially the Tallow fatty acid, technical oleic acid, coconut fatty acid or Fish oleic acids or processed technical fatty acids, preferably of those with 16 to 24 carbon atoms. As ester-forming C₁-₄- Alkyl residues in (h) are preferred, especially ethyl and especially methyl.

The emulsifying system (E) can consist of (e) alone or preferably from one Mixture of (e) with (h); if (h) is present, the weight ratio is (e) / (h) advantageously in the range 95/5 to 40/60, preferably 80/20 to 40/60.

The weight ratio (E) / [(P) + (E)] is advantageously in the range of 3/100 to 20/100, preferably 5/100 to 20/100. If (E) or the invention Preparation (U) contains no (h) is the weight ratio  from (e) to the entire preparation advantageously in the range from 6/100 to 20/100, preferably 10/100 to 20/100. If (h) is present [be it in a mixture used with (P) or with (e) or both or added separately], can the content of (e) can be significantly reduced, advantageously such that the Weight ratio (e) / [(P) + (E)] in the preparation containing (P), (e) and (h) (U) is in the range from 4/100 to 12/100, preferably - particularly at preferred ratios (e) / (h) and especially when using the mentioned preferred surfactant derivatives (e₃₁) of the novolak-like condensates - in the range from 4/100 to 10/100 or even 4/100 to 9/100.

The preparations (U) according to the invention contain the mixtures (P) and Emulsifying systems (E) and can be handled in this form. If desired a base can be added to any carboxy groups and / or unreacted anhydride at least partially in the appropriate salt form to convert so that the pH of the with water 1 wt .-% [(P) + (E) + optionally base] diluted preparation, advantageous is in the range from 3 to 8, preferably 4 to 7. As bases for Setting these pH values is generally suitable for conventional additives, in particular alkali metal hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates or preferably aliphatic amines, especially C₂-₃ alkanolamines, in particular Mono-, di- or triethanolamine or mono-, di- or triisopropanolamine, and / or alkylamines, advantageously C₃-₆-alkylamines, in particular where the Alkyl residues correspond to those of the N-alkylphthalimides used.

In particular, the preparations (U) according to the invention are those which are in the essentially from (P) and (E) and optionally additional base, such as mentioned above exist. They are generally liquid to viscous and are characterized by their stability during transport and storage u. between both under heat and under frost conditions, e.g. B. at temperatures below -10 ° C or above + 40 ° C.

The phthalimide mixtures (P) according to the invention, in particular in the form their (E) -containing preparations (U), as described above, serve as aids for the treatment of fibrous substrates with substances in Form in the form of aqueous dispersions, in particular they serve as Carrier (dye carrier) for dyeing fiber material with disperse dyes or other dyes in the form of aqueous Dispersion can be applied, or for the optical brightening of fiber material  with dispersion brighteners. The preparations (U) according to the invention are very easy to dilute with water; before use, if desired, diluted with water to form stock emulsions (e.g. 5 to 30 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 20 wt .-%) or you can also in the Dye or brightener master dispersions or directly into the liquors be added. The aqueous stock emulsions or dispersions are characterized by their shelf life and can, even after several days, are used unchanged; you should look for a long time Separate or deposit layers in layers, so you can by simple Stirring can be properly emulsified or dispersed again. they are in particular as carriers for dyeing synthetic or semi-synthetic Suitable fiber materials, primarily fiber material from Polyester, polyamide or cellulose acetates and their mixtures, as well Mixtures with natural fibers (especially cotton or wool), e.g. B. Cotton / polyester or wool / polyester, or with elastomeric fibers (e.g. polyurethanes). The substrates to be treated can be in one any processing form, as is usually the case Coloring or optical brightening used with the help of carriers will, e.g. B. as loose fibers, threads, filaments, strands, packages, fabrics, Knitted fabrics, nonwovens, felt, carpets, tufted goods and semi-finished or finished goods. The application can be carried out according to methods known per se take place, in particular from an aqueous medium, advantageously at pH 3 to 8, e.g. B. after exhaust process under normal pressure, advantageously at temperatures 95 ° C, or under elevated pressure at temperatures above 100 ° C, especially in the temperature range from 102 to 140 ° C, z. B. under HT conditions advantageous at 102 to 110 ° C or under fast staining conditions at higher temperatures (polyester fibers preferably at temperatures between 110 and 140 ° C, polyamide fibers preferably at temperatures of 105 to 115 ° C, cellulose acetate fibers preferably at 105 to 125 ° C), or after impregnation, e.g. B. by padding, dipping, spraying, foam application or printing (with printing pastes or printing inks) under usual Impregnation conditions (e.g. at temperatures between 15 ° C and 50 ° C) and subsequent fixing, preferably at elevated temperature, in particular above 100 ° C, e.g. B. by steaming, preferably at 102 to 120 ° C) or thermosoling (e.g. at temperatures in the range of 130 to 220 ° C; for polyamides preferably in the range of 130 to 160 ° C and for polyester preferably in the range from 150 to 220 ° C).  

Due to the surprisingly good emulsifiability of the mixtures according to the invention (P) in the presence of (E) can, even using very small ones Shares in emulsifier systems (E), especially in emulsifier (s), especially Emulsifiers (e₃₁) of the above novolak surfactant type, optimal effects can be achieved, with an excellent and very quick fine distribution of (P) takes place in the aqueous system and its effect (in particular Carrier effect) therefore immediately in the dyeing or lightening process is best developed and can be used. If desired can the carrier preparations according to the invention (U) further usual Dyeing aids (especially in the aqueous treatment liquor at the latest) are added, e.g. B. other carrier substances (Q) with N-alkylphthalimides are compatible, especially alkyl-substituted ones Aromatics and their mixtures, compounds of aromatic or alkyl aromatic Series of carboxylic acid esters, halogen-substituted aromatics, compounds the optionally alkyl and / or hydroxy substituted biphenyl, Diphenyl ether or naphthol ether series. The additional use of others N-alkyl phthalimides are expressly not recommended here. If (P) is used together with (Q) or is blended with it, it is preferred that (P) predominates. Other additives together with the invention Carrier preparations (U) can be used, for example Anti-foaming agents; if as surfactants (E) in the invention Preparations (U) the above novolak surfactants (e₃), especially (e₃₁), are used, the additional use of an anti-foaming agent generally not necessary because this is already the preparation give an excellent low foam, so that such preparations for Procedures in which foam would otherwise occur to a disruptive extent can also be used well without the addition of anti-foaming agents (e.g. in Nozzle dyeing equipment, for dyeing packages, in the jigger or in the reel runner). For the method according to the invention, any usual dispersion dyes and dispersion brighteners are used, e.g. B. as in the "Color Index" under Disperse Dyes and partially under Fluorescent Optical Brighteners are defined and which ones in the usual Commercial forms usually formulation additives (mainly dispersants) contain, or other dyes that at least temporarily contain no water-solubilizing substituents, such as. B. Sulfur dyes, vat dyes or development dyes.

The preparations (U) according to the invention can also be used particularly advantageously in  aqueous printing pastes and inks can be used (e.g. for carpet printing or for printing on knitted fabrics), since they are also in relatively concentrated Treatment formulations can develop their effectiveness optimally.

Using the carrier preparations (U) according to the invention, the Properties of the dyes and brighteners used are excellent for Apply and there can be very even colorations in light to deep shades also with dye mixtures (e.g. trichromatic mixtures) can be obtained with good coloring of the substrate. It dyeings with optimal fastness properties can be obtained.

The required or optimal amount of the invention Preparations (U), based on the substrate or on the liquor, can, for. B. each according to the amount and type of dye or optical brightener, type and Condition of the substrate, treatment method used and length of liquor vary widely and can be done through some preliminary orientation tests be determined. The preparations (U) according to the invention are primarily in concentrations of 0.3 to 25 g / l, based on the aqueous treatment liquor used; with a liquor ratio of 1: 5 to 1:40, in particular 1:20, advantageously in concentrations of 0.4 to 12 g / l, preferably 0.5 to 4 g / l.

In the following examples, parts are parts by weight and percentages Weight percent; the temperatures are given in degrees Celsius. The dyes are used in commercial form, their concentrations in% are based on the substrate.

The N-alkylphthalimide mixtures (P) used are as follows Table 1 enumerated.  

Table 1

The emulsification systems (E) used are shown in Table 2 below enumerated in which w, x and y are emulsifiers (e) and z is an emulsifier (h) is.  

Table 2

The carrier preparations used (U) are in the following table 3 enumerated.  

Table 3

If necessary, the above carrier preparations (U) monoethanolamine or diisopropanolamine added (pH of the dilute aqueous 1% preparation = 4 to 6.

Example 1

A textured polyester (diol loft) knitted fabric is padded at room temperature (= 20 ° C.) on the padder with a liquor absorption of 80% with an aqueous liquor, which is made up of 1000 parts
25 parts of the dye CI Disperse Yellow 64 (structure no. 47023) and 10 parts of the auxiliary U20
contains. The pH is adjusted to 4.5 with acetic acid.

The textile is placed on a pin stenter at 110 ° C for 120 seconds intermediate dried and then thermally insulated at 195 ° C for 90 seconds. After reductive post-cleaning, a level, color-deep, yellow color with good general fastness properties.

Example 2

A polyester-cotton blend (mixing ratio 67:33) is padded on the foulard at room temperature with an aqueous liquor (liquor absorption 60%). The fleet contains (per 1000 parts):
25 parts of the red dye CI Vat Red (structure no.67000)
10 parts of the red dye CI Disperse Red 202
and 10 parts of preparation U16.

The pH is adjusted to 4.5 with acetic acid.

The impregnated blended fabric is dried at 110 ° C for 60 seconds and then treated with hot air at 210 ° C for 60 seconds. The vat dye is developed at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes using the following aqueous liquor (liquor ratio 1: 5). The fleet contains (per 1000 parts):
20 parts of 30% sodium hydroxide solution
8 parts of sodium dithionite
and 3 parts of an anionic dispersant (sodium salt of a β-naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product, commercially available).

After boiling soap (20 minutes), rinsing and drying, a product becomes in which the proportions of polyester and cotton are approximately tone-in Are colored red. The colors have a good depth of color level appearance and good general fastness properties.

Example 3

Coils made of textured polyester yarns are flowed through on a HT dyeing machine at a liquor ratio of 1:10 with a liquor of 130 ° C., the demineralized water (pH 4.5, adjusted with acetic acid), 1.5 g / l of the auxiliary U17 and contains the following dyes:
1) 0.46% of the dye of the formula

2) 0.52% of the dye of the formula

3) 0.17% of the mixture of dyes of the formulas (γ₁) and (γ₂) (in equal parts)

The flow rate through the winding body is 20 l / kg per minute. After 30 minutes of treatment at 130 ° C., the mixture is cooled and the liquor is drained off and reductively cleaned. The result is a completely level brown color with full dye yield. During the dyeing process, there is foaming minimal.

Example 4

A polyester fabric (type Dacron) is placed in a GASTON-COUNTY jet dyeing machine with 0.5% of the dye Foron Rubin SE-GFL with the addition of 2 g / l ammonium sulfate and 2 g / l of the product U17 at pH 5.0 (with formic acid set) colored. The liquor ratio is 1: 20. The color is started at 20 ° C; The dye bath is brought to 70 ° C. within 10 minutes heated. After 20 minutes at 130 ° C, the coloring is ended. You get an indifferent colored fabric.

Example 5

The procedure is as described in Example 4, with the difference that instead of Foron Rubin SE-GFL Foron Brillant Blau S-R is used. The result is a fabric that does not matter and is very brilliant blue.

Example 6

5 parts of cleaned polyester fiber material are in a high temperature Dyeing machine (GASTON-COUNTY nozzle dyeing machine) in 100 parts of one  70 ° C heated aqueous dyeing liquor given 0.1 parts of a commercial preparation (with dispersant) of the dye C. I. Disperse Blue 148, 0.2 Contains parts of the preparation U23 and 2 parts of ammonium sulfate and with formic acid was adjusted to pH 5. The dyeing machine is closed in Heated over 20 minutes to 130 ° C and 20 minutes at this temperature leave. After cooling, the treated substrate is removed from the Dye bath removed, rinsed, soaped, rinsed again and dried. Man receives a completely level, deep blue color with very good fastness properties.

Example 7

10 parts of polyester fiber fabric are placed in a sealed dye container with 400 parts of an aqueous dye liquor, the 0.05 part of the commercial form of the dye C. I. Disperse Red 73, 0.7 parts of the preparation U15 and 3 Contains parts of ammonium sulfate and was adjusted to pH 5 with formic acid, in 30 minutes from 60 ° C to 130 ° C internal temperature and 30 minutes at colored this temperature. After cooling, the dyed fabric is removed removed from the bath, rinsed, rinsed again and dried. You get such a perfectly level ruby red coloring with excellent fastness properties.

Example 8

100 parts of polyester fiber fabric are heated to 40 ° C in 4000 parts given aqueous dye bath containing 0.2 parts of C.I. Disperse Blue 73, Contains 6 parts of the preparation U21 and 8 parts of ammonium sulfate and with formic acid was adjusted to pH 5. Over the course of 30 minutes this will Bath heated to 97 ° C and left at this temperature for 1 hour. To after washing, rinsing and drying, you get a blue color Fabrics with very good fastness properties.

Example 9

A polyester bath (satin) made of undrawn (1: 3.2) and normally stretched (1: 3.66) yarn is placed in an aqueous liquor heated to 60 ° C. (liquor ratio 1:40), the 3.2% of the dye C.I. Disperse Blue 87, 2 g / l ammonium sulfate, 4 g / l citric acid and 2 g / l of the auxiliary U17  contains, heated to 130 ° C in 45 minutes, 60 minutes at this temperature colored, and then cooled. The treated substrate is rinsed and dried. In this way you get a perfectly colored turquoise-blue ribbon.

Example 10

100 parts of a yarn consisting of 50% wool and 50% polyethylene terephthalate are dyed in 4000 parts of an aqueous bath which contains 2 g / l ammonium sulfate and is adjusted to pH 5.5 with acetic acid and also contains the following additives:
0.6 parts of the dye of the formula

and 5 parts of the U17 tool.

The yarn is put into the bath at 60 ° C, then the bath is driven within 45 minutes at 106 ° C and stains at this for 60 minutes Temperature. Then it is cooled, rinsed and dried. You get one level yellow color, the polyester content much more than that Portion of wool is dyed.

Analogous to the carrier preparations U15, U16, U20, U21 and U23, the Examples 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8 above each of the rest of the carrier Preparations U1-U27 used. Analogous to the carrier preparation U17 in Example 3 the carrier preparations U1-U5, U8-U12, U14-U19, U21, U22 and U24-U27 used.

In the above examples, the carrier preparations (U) can be placed directly in the Liquids are added or previously diluted to aqueous stock emulsions be, e.g. B. prepared by diluting 10 parts of each Preparation U1-U27 with 90 parts demineralized water at room temperature.

Claims (32)

1. N-alkylphthalimide mixture (P) consisting of:

• (a) N- (n-propyl) phthalimide,
• (b) N- (sec.C₄-₆-alkyl) phthalimide

and

• (c) N- (n-C₄-₆-alkyl) phthalimide,

wherein the weight ratio (a) / (P) ranges from 3/100 to 14/100 lies. 2. Mixture (P) according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio (a) / (P) is in the range of 5/100 to 12/100. 3. Mixture (P) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Weight ratio (b) / (c) is in the range of 1/10 to 4/1. 4. Mixture (P) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the weight ratio (b) / (P) ranges from 8/100 to 70/100 lies. 5. Mixture (P) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the weight ratio (c) / (P) ranges from 55/100 to 80/100 lies and the weight ratio (b) / (P) in the range of 17/100 to 42/100 lies. 6. Preparations (U) characterized by other phthalimides a content of phthalimide mixture (P) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and an emulsifying system (E). 7. Preparations (U) according to claim 6, wherein the emulsifying system (E) at least contains an emulsifier (s). 8. preparations (U) according to claim 7, wherein (e)

• (e₁) at least one anionic emulsifier

optionally in a mixture with

• (e₂) at least one non-ionic emulsifier

is. 9. preparations (U) according to claim 8, wherein (e₁)

• (e 1) an at least partially carboxymethylated, phosphated or sulfated polyalkylene glycol ether of a hydrocarbon mono- or polyol with an average of at least 10 carbon atoms per hydroxyl group of the mono- or polyol
• (e₁₂) a sulfate, phosphate or carboxymethyl derivative of a sorbitan or glycerol fatty acid ester, in which the fatty residue contains 12-24 carbon atoms, or a polyalkylene glycol ether thereof,

or

• (e₁₃) a C₁₂-₂₄ hydrocarbon sulfonic acid,

where the carboxy, phosphate or sulfone groups are optionally in salt form,
or a mixture of such surfactants
and (e₂)

• (e₂₁) a polyalkylene glycol ether of a hydrocarbon mono- or polyol with an average of at least 10 carbon atoms per hydroxyl group of the mono- or polyol

or

• (e₂₂) a sorbitan or glycerol fatty acid ester in which the fat residue contains 12-24 carbon atoms, or a polyalkylene glycol ether thereof,

or a mixture of such surfactants.   10. Preparations (U) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein (e) an at least partially sulfated adduct of 4 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide 1 Val oligomeric, methylene-bridged condensation product of Alkylphenol and formaldehyde, optionally in a mixture with unsulfated Educt is. 11. Preparations free from other phthalimides characterized by a content of phthalimide mixture (P) according to one of claims 1 to 5 and
(h) at least one lipophilic non-ionic emulsifying aid. 12. Preparations (U) according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized by contains (P), (e) and (h). 13. Preparations according to claim 11 or 12, wherein (h) an oil-soluble fatty acid (C₁-₄-alkyl) esters with 12 to 24 carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue or is a mixture of such esters. 14. Preparations (U) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the weight ratio (e) / (h) is in the range from 95/5 to 40/60. 15. Preparations (U) according to one of claims 6 to 14, characterized in that (E) consists of (e) and optionally (h). 16. Preparations (U) according to one of claims 6 to 15, characterized in that the weight ratio (E) / [(P) + (E)] is in the range of 5/100 up to 20/100. 17. Preparations (U) according to one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that that the weight ratio (e) / [(P) + (E)] is in the range of 6/100 up to 12/100. 18. Preparations (U) according to one of claims 6 to 17 consisting essentially from (E) and (P), and optionally additional base. 19. Use of the mixtures (P) according to one of claims 1 to 5 as Auxiliaries for the treatment of fibrous substrates with substances,  which are in the form of aqueous dispersions. 20. Use according to claim 19 as a carrier. 21. Use according to claim 19 or 20 in dyeing or optical brightening of fiber material with dispersion dyes or dispersion brighteners. 22. Use according to one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the mixtures (P) according to one of claims 1 to 5 in the form of preparations (U) according to one of claims 6 to 18 are used. 23. Carrier preparations characterized by a content of (P), defined as in one of claims 1 to 5, as a carrier-active substance and at least one other carrier (Q), but free of other phthalimides as defined in (P). 24. Carrier preparations according to claim 23 additionally containing (e) and / or (h) defined as in claims 7 and 11.